EMPLOYMENT STATUS OF THE BACHELOR IN HOTEL AND RESTAURANT MANAGEMENT
GRADUATES OF GUIMARAS STATE COLLEGE AY 2012 –2015:
A TRACER STUDY
Ivony S. Asprilla,
Anelyn P. Anas
Margie Y. De la Cruz
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
Employability is improved by a good academic record plus skills and attributes that enable you to adapt and
manage the constantly changing work environment. The Colleges should have quality teachers and the students should
imbibe something from them. Universities focused on theoretical study, in terms of mark system but industries are
expecting the manpower in terms of good attitude, commitment, self- responsibility, quick learner and in short an smart
or an intelligent guy. Education in its broadest sense is any act or experience that has a formative effect on the mind,
character and physical ability of an individual. In its technical sense, education is the process by which society deliberately
transmits its accumulated knowledge, skills and values from one generation to another. Higher education, also called
tertiary, third stage or post secondary education is any education entered after successful completion of secondary
education, which may include vocational post secondary education, leading to a certificate and higher education, leading
to a degree. (Campbell &Rozsnyai, 2002)
The graduates’ entry into a job is attributed to the outcome of a complex process involving the interaction of their
personal characteristics, characteristics of the school where they obtained their education, and characteristics of firms
where they might apply their acquired skills and knowledge.
According to macario (1983) and Nepomuceno (1995 in Cordada & tabasa, 2004), the hierarchy of the graduates
occupational choices and the firms’ hierarchy of methods in personal selection are also considered. Among the personal
variables associated with employment prospects are the graduates age, gender, marital status, college performance, self-
concept, award received, course, family background, occupational interest, job performance and satisfaction. (Macario
(1983) and Nepomuceno (1995 in Cordada & Tabasa 2004).
The hospitality industry has been key in the economic life of every nation. With the hospitality industry increasing
growth rate, the importance of finding good employees, especially youth workers, is a high priority (US Bureau of labor
Statistics, 2006) Historically, the hospitality industry has drawn heavily from the youth labor pool to meet their workforce
needs, but in recent years the industry has been left with an insufficient pipeline of new workers to satisfy demand.
Faced with a shrinking pipeline of workers, the hospitality industry is increasing its recruitment efforts towards youth and
developing targeted strategies for previously untapped labor force.
Thousands of schools in the country offer Hotel and Restaurant Management and related courses. One of
these schools that offer such course is Guimaras State College. Hotel and Restaurant management curriculum prepares
students to apply practical skills needed for supervisory and managerial positions in hotels, motels, inns, restaurants,
institutions and clubs. The challenge of schools is to develop students in a manner that when they graduate they can
respond to the urgent needs of the industry. In order to find out whether the Guimaras State College, College of Business
and Management adheres to respond to this challenge, and considers the tracer study of Bachelor of Science in Hotel
and Restaurant Management necessary. This study aimed to find out the employment status of their graduates.
Statement of the Study
This study was conducted to determine the employment status of the BSHRM graduates of GSC curricular program
from 2012-2015. Specifically this study sought to answer the following questions:
1. What is the profile of the Bachelor of Science in hotel and Restaurant management graduates in terms of the
following variables: year graduated, gender, and academic performance?
2. What is the employment status of Bachelor of Science in Hotel and Restaurant Management graduates in terms
of the following variables: nature of employment, and job status?
METHODOLOGY
Research Design
Research design is a scheme or plan of action for meeting the objectives of the study. The descriptive method
of research was used in this study to determine the employment status of the BSHRM graduates of GSC from A.Y. 2012-
2015. Descriptive research was appropriate for this study, which aims to find out what prevails in the present conditions
or relationships, held opinions and beliefs, processes and effects and developing trends.
The Respondents
The respondents of this study were the BSHRM graduates of Guimaras State College from A.Y. 2012 – 2015. The
list of the respondents was taken from the records from the Registrar’s Office. Total enumeration was used because the
number of graduates is manageable.
Data Gathering Instrument
The data needed in the study was gathered using a researcher prepared questionnaire. The questionnaire was
composed of 2 parts. Part I includes items on personal information of the respondents such as age, sex and marital
status, course and year graduated. Part 2 includes items on the employment data of the respondents such as, present
employment status, employer, nature of business, present position and job title.
Data Gathering Procedure
The questionnaire was distributed to the respondents. The addresses of the graduates were taken from the
records of the school's registrars' office. Upon identification of the respondents, they were grouped per Municipality
and Barangay for easy conduct of the study. The questionnaires for the graduates from the farthest barangay of the
Province were distributed first for easy management of time during the conduct of the actual study. Respondents who
are employed abroad were reached through the aid of social media such as, facebook, messenger and electronic mail.
Statistical Tools Used in the Study:
The data was collected, sorted and tabulated based on the requirement of the study. The data gathered was
analyzed by getting the frequency, percentages and ranking.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
General Information of the Respondents
In order to establish the general information about the study, there is a need to know the personal profile of the
respondents first. In terms of gender, results revealed that majority or 59 or 64.1% of the respondents were female.
This indicates that out of 92 respondents, 59 are female and 33 were male. The respondents’ age were grouped into
two, 21-25 years old and 26 years old and above. Results showed that 67 or 72.8% belongs to 21-25 years old, and 25
or 27.2% belongs to 26 years old and above. This implied that majority of the respondents are still young and that they
have greater chances of landing in a better and stable job.
Educational Profile of the Respondents
The educational profile of the respondents, educational attainment, their choice of school and their Baccalaureate
degree are indicators of how they value the importance of acquiring the best education.
In terms of educational attainment, results revealed that majority of the respondents (92 or 100 %) were
graduate of Bachelor of Science in Hotel and Restaurant Management. As to the year graduated results revealed that 40
or 43.5% graduated last 2012-2013,32 or 34.8% graduated last 2013-2014 and 20 or 21.7% graduated last 2014-2015.
This implies that academic year 2012-2013 has a higher number of graduates.
Status of Employment
Table 3 presents the employment status of the respondents. Results revealed that out of 92 respondents, 70 or
76.1% were presently employed, 22 or 25.0% were unemployed. At the time of the study was conducted result shows
that 45 or 64.3% were able to land a job less than 6 months after graduating in college, 20 or 28.6% land a job 6 months
to 1 year after graduation, 5 or 7.1% land a job 1-2 years after graduation. This implies that they had a wider avenue
and greater opportunities to land a job after graduation for since the profession is considered in demand
Place of Employment
Table 4 presents the type of employment of graduates. Results shows that 57 or 81.4 % are locally employed,
12 or 17.1% are employed in other countries and 1 or 1.4% is self-employed. This implies that most of the graduates are
working locally which means that the hospitality industry is growing in our country that give many work opportunities to
our graduates.
Reasons for Unemployment
To determine why some of the respondents were unemployed at the time when the study was conducted, they
were asked to cite reasons as to why they were not employed. Table 5 revealed the reasons why some of them were
unemployed. Results shows that 8 or 36.4 % have never been employed, 14 or 63.6 % resigned from their previous job.
This implies that most of the graduates were unemployed due to resignation from their previous job.
These data were shown in Table 5
Nature of Work
In order to know the nature of work of the BSHRM graduates this study was conducted, the researchers provided
categories in which they can choose. Results revealed in Table 6 that 60 or 85.7% of graduates’ nature of work was
service while manufacturing, commercial and agriculture answered 1 or 1.4%. This implies that most of the graduates
work were related with their profession.
Data in table 7 shows the recent position of the BSHRM graduates from the school year 2012-2015. Results revealed
that 36 or 51.4% of graduates’ recent position was rank and file which got the highest percentage, 4 or 5.7% choose
managerial, 2 or 2.9% for supervisory and 28 or 40% answered others for they are under contract or contractual workers.
Basically, the result revealed that majority of the graduates were in their field of specialization as skilled worker
being a service crew, bartender, room attendant, food and beverage attendant, receptionist and dining crew. Other
respondents were employed in job related to the course/profession they graduate. This may imply that their present
employment is basically on entry level. This may also imply that an entry level of employment will serve as an entry point
of promoting them to supervisory and managerial positions. These data are shown in Table 7
CONCLUSIONS
1. The respondents were HRM Baccalaureate graduates majority of them were female and younger in the age bracket
(21-25 years old) and single. This implies that respondents’ possess job knowledge and skills. They still have greater
chances of getting experiences for their job promotion other than entry level.
2. They had a wider avenue and greater opportunities to land a job after graduation since the profession is considered
in demand and more hospitality establishments are rising locally and internationally. Being competitive graduates of
Guimaras State College with skills and quality education in this growing and technologically community there is no reason
for our graduates not no employ locally, They have all the skills and great opportunities to conquer. Graduates know
where they are capable or in line to employed themselves using their skills and profession. Respondents were employed
in job related to the course/profession they graduate in which they are on the entry level of employment that will serve
as an entry point of promoting them to supervisory and managerial positions.
RECOMMENDATIONS
1. In order to attain an increase in the number of male enrollees in the School of HRM the institution should advertise
HRM using print and broadcast media showing the different skills and talents of the HRM graduate’s.
2. School of HRM must offer more trainings and seminars, and provide avenue to expose students in the actual field of
specialization to especially in the managerial positions in order for them to acquire a higher position in the company.
School of HRM must coordinate with the OJT partners so that they can help the graduates for employments. Encourage
them to stay and love their work. The school should developed and strengthen job placement program for the graduates
so they will not find difficulty for job hunting. The school should have seminars and orientation during their OJT years so
that they would know the value of employment and the nature of their work in preparation for their job after graduation.
The students must be given an opportunity to benchmark on the different workplace area so that they will be inspired to
work hard during employment and aim for promotion.
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