Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology

Department of Management (MBA)

Business Analytics Lab File

Course Code - MS-265

Submitted By: Submitted To:

Name: Mansi Saxena Dr. Sangeeta Rawal
Enrolment No:15014803923 Associate Professor
Class: MBA
Section:3C
 INDEX

S. No. Assignment Date Remarks

MICROSOFT EXCEL
1. A1- Hlookup and Vlookup
2. A2- Pivot Table
3. A3- Scenario Manager
4. A4- Goal Seek
5. A5- Pivot Charts
6. A6- Data Validation
7. A7- Date And Text Function
8. A8- Power BI-Complete dashboard with
its features
9. A9- Google Dashboard-Complete
dashboard with screenshots.
Part 1
Excel
 ASSIGNMENT -1

LOOKUP
Using Lookup function create employee Table

You are supposed to enter following values in employee table rest it will take
automatically using Vlookup & Hlookup

EmpID,Empname,Desigination,DeptID

VLOOKUP

Department

DeptI Dname Dlocation DeptHead

D

101 HR Delhi Mr. Anil

102 Finance Mumbai Mr. Sunil

103 Marketing Chennai Ms. Sakshi

104 Finance Kolkatta Mr. Vikas

105 IT Rajesthan Ms. Deepika

Hlookup

Designation

Designatio Salary Incremen Bonus

n t

Clerk 20000 10% 10000

Manager 50000 20% 20000

Supervisor 35000 15% 15000

HOD 75000 25% 25000

 SOLUTION
 ABOUT VLOOKUP AND HLOOKUP

VLOOKUP and HLOOKUP are powerful Excel functions used for searching data in a table or a
range. These functions allow users to quickly find and retrieve specific data based on a lookup
value.

What is VLOOKUP?

 VLOOKUP (Vertical Lookup) searches for a value in the first column of a specified range
and returns a value in the same row from another column within that range.

Syntax:

=VLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, col_index_num, [range_lookup])

 lookup_value: The value you want to search for.

 table_array: The range where the lookup table is located.

 col_index_num: The column number from which to return a value.

 range_lookup (optional): TRUE for an approximate match and FALSE for an exact match
(usually set to FALSE to ensure accuracy).

What is HLOOKUP?

 HLOOKUP (Horizontal Lookup) is similar to VLOOKUP but searches for a value in the
first row of a specified range and returns a value from another row within that range.

Syntax:

=HLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, row_index_num, [range_lookup])

 lookup_value: The value you want to search for.

 table_array: The range where the lookup table is located.

  row_index_num: The row number from which to return a value.

 range_lookup (optional): TRUE for an approximate match and FALSE for an exact
match.

OUTPUT (VLOOKUP)

FORMULA USED :-
=VLOOKUP(D4,$O$6:$R$11,2,FALSE)
1. D4 (lookup_value)
 This is the value you want to look up in the first column of the range $O$6:$R$11.

2. $O$6:$R$11 (table_array)
 This is the range of cells where VLOOKUP will search for the lookup_value and retrieve the
result.
 The dollar signs ($) in $O$6:$R$11 make this range an absolute reference, meaning it won’t
change if the formula is copied to other cells.
 3. 2 (col_index_num)
 This is the column number within the table_array from which to retrieve the result. Since this is
2, VLOOKUP will return a value from the second column of the range $O$6:$R$11.

4. FALSE (range_lookup)
 Setting this to FALSE means that VLOOKUP will look for an exact match of the value in D4. If
an exact match is not found in the first column of $O$6:$R$11, it will return #N/A.

OUTPUT (HLOOKUP)

FORMULA USED :-
=HLOOKUP(C4,$O$16:$S$19,2,FALSE)
1. C4 (lookup_value)
 This is the value you want to look up in the first row of the range $O$16:$S$19.

2. $O$16:$S$19 (table_array)
 This is the range of cells where HLOOKUP will search for the lookup_value and retrieve the
result.
 The dollar signs ($) make this range an absolute reference, meaning it won’t change if the
formula is copied to other cells.
3. 2 (row_index_num)
 This is the row number within the table_array from which to retrieve the result. Since this is 2,
HLOOKUP will return a value from the second row of the range $O$16:$S$19.

4. FALSE (range_lookup)
 Setting this to FALSE means that HLOOKUP will look for an exact match of the value in C4. If
an exact match is not found in the first row of $O$16:$S$19, it will return #N/A.
 ASSIGNMENT -2
PIVOT TABLE

Perform the Following Queries on XYZ & Co Excel worksheet

 Sale of pizza in All Delhi zones

 Sales of all products in different Zones
 Number of products sold in every zone
 Average sale of Veg rolls & Non Veg Rolls in every zone
 Maximum sale of Burger in North & South Delhi
 Minimum sales of Pizza in all zones
 SOLUTION
ABOUT PIVOT TABLE
What is a Pivot Table?
A Pivot Table is a powerful tool in Excel (and other spreadsheet software) that summarizes,
analyses, explores, and presents data in an organized way. It enables you to quickly summarize
large datasets, calculate totals and averages, and reorganize data by simply dragging fields,
without the need for complex formulas.

Pivot Tables can aggregate data, show comparisons, and provide insights that are useful for
decision-making.

FUNCTIONS USED
1. SUM
The SUM function adds up all the values in a given range.

Use Case:

 In this case, SUM is used to calculate the total sale amount or total number of units sold
for each zone or product.

 For example, when you drag the Sale Amount or Units Sold field to the Values area in the
Pivot Table, Excel will, by default, apply the SUM function to these fields to add up the
total sales or units for each category.

Example:

If you have a dataset like:

 Sale Amount: 100, 200, 300

 The SUM function will return: 100 + 200 + 300 = 600

2. AVERAGE

The AVERAGE function calculates the mean (average) of the values in a given range.

Use Case:
  For example, if you want to calculate the average sale for Veg Rolls & Non-Veg Rolls in
each zone, you would set the Value Field Settings to Average.

 Excel will compute the average sale amount of these products for each zone.

Example:

If you have sales amounts: 1000, 2000, 3000:

 The AVERAGE function will return: (1000 + 2000 + 3000) ÷ 3 = 2000

3. COUNT

The COUNT function counts the number of non-blank cells in a specified range.

Use Case:

 If you’re counting how many transactions (or entries) occurred for a specific product or
zone, you would use the COUNT function.

 This can be useful to determine how many times a product was sold or how many records
exist for a specific zone.

Example:

If your dataset contains:

 10, 20, blank, 30, 40

 The COUNT function will return: 4 (it counts the numbers, ignoring the blank cell)

4. MAX

The MAX function returns the largest value in a given range.

Use Case:

 For example, if you want to calculate the maximum sale of Burger in North Delhi and
South Delhi, you would use the MAX function.

 Excel will find the highest sale amount for burgers in those zones.
Example:

If you have sales amounts: 2000, 5000, 3000:

 The MAX function will return: 5000 (the largest value in the range)

5. MIN

The MIN function returns the smallest value in a given range.

Use Case:

 For example, if you want to calculate the minimum sale of Pizza across all zones, you
would use the MIN function.

 Excel will find the lowest sale amount for pizza across the different zones.

Example:

If you have sales amounts: 1000, 2000, 500:

 The MIN function will return: 500 (the smallest value in the range)

6. FILTERING in Pivot Table

Filtering in Pivot Tables allows you to narrow down the data that is displayed in the Pivot Table.
You can filter by:

 Product (e.g., filter by "Pizza" to see only pizza sales)

 Zone (e.g., filter to see only North or South Delhi)

 Date (e.g., filter by a specific month or year)

Use Case:

 For example, if you want to analyze only the sales of Pizza in each zone, you can filter by
Product and select only Pizza.

 Similarly, if you want to focus on North Delhi sales, you can filter the Pivot Table to show
only that zone.
7. VALUE FIELD SETTINGS

This is an option in the Pivot Table where you can change the summary function applied to a
particular field in the Values area.

Use Case:

 When you drag fields like Sale Amount or Units Sold to the Values area, you can modify
how the data is aggregated by changing the Value Field Settings.

 Excel allows you to apply different functions, such as Sum, Average, Max, Min, and
others, depending on your analysis needs.
OUTPUT
 Sale of pizza in All Delhi zones

 Sales of all products in different Zones

 Number of products sold in every zone

 Average sale of Veg rolls & Non Veg Rolls in every zone
 Maximum sale of Burger in North & South Delhi

 Minimum sales of Pizza in all zones

 ASSIGNMENT -3
SCENARIO MANAGER
Create a Financial Statement of your are sales in Different Scenario
Best Scenario when profit is > 15,000
Worst scenario when Profit is < 5000
Moderate Scenario when profit is 10000

Data Required
Product Name (Tables, Chair, Sofa)
Product Price
Quantity
Fixed Cost
Transportation Cost
Variable cost
Selling Price
Profit

Make a summary of scenario of all the three products

 SOLUTION
 Scenario Manager is an Excel tool located under Data > What-If Analysis.

 It allows you to create and manage different scenarios (Best, Worst, Moderate) to see how
changing certain variables affects the final outcome (in this case, profit).

 Steps Used in Scenario Manager:

1. Adding Scenarios: For each scenario (Best, Worst, Moderate), we define different values
for Quantity, Fixed Cost, Transportation Cost, and Variable Cost. These values are the
“Changing Cells” in the Scenario Manager.

2. Viewing Scenarios: After adding each scenario, you can view each one to see how it
impacts the Profit calculation in the data table.

3. Summary Report: The Summary feature in Scenario Manager generates a report that
shows the profit for each product under each scenario, allowing for easy comparison.
INPUT (BEST SCENARIO)

OUTPUT (BEST SCENARIO)

TABLE
CHAIR

SOFA
INPUT (WORST SCENARIO)

OUTPUT (WORST SCENARIO)

TABLE

CHAIR
SOFA

INPUT (MODERATE SCENARIO)

OUTPUT (MODERATE SCENARIO)

TABLE
CHAIR

SOFA
 ASSIGNMENT -4
GOAL SEEK
Using the following Data

Data Required
Product Name (Tables, Chair, Sofa)
Product Price
Quantity
Fixed Cost
Transportation Cost
Variable cost
Selling Price
Profit

Set Profit Goal to by changing Transportation cost, Variable cost and Selling
price)
Best profit =15,000
Worst profit = 5000
Moderate profit = 10000
 SOLUTION
Goal Seek is not a traditional Excel function, but rather a built-in What-If Analysis tool that
allows you to find the input value needed to achieve a desired result (target value) for a specific
formula.
 Functionality: It changes one cell's value to reach a target value for another cell that
contains a formula.
 How It Works:
o You specify the cell with the formula (output) you want to achieve a target value
for.
o You define the target value you want to reach in that formula.
o You choose which input cell (independent variable) Excel should change to reach
the target value.

How Goal Seek is Used with These Functions

1. Set the Goal Seek Parameters:
o Set Cell: The cell that contains the formula calculating Profit (e.g., H2).
o To Value: The desired target Profit (e.g., 15,000 for the best scenario, 10,000 for
moderate, or 5,000 for worst).
o By Changing Cell: The input cell that Goal Seek should adjust to meet the desired
profit. You can choose Selling Price, Transportation Cost, or Variable Cost.
2. Process:
o Excel will change the value in the input cell to achieve the target Profit in the Set
Cell (formula for profit).
o Goal Seek uses the formula provided in the Profit cell and adjusts the selected
input variable to make the profit match the target.
Example of Goal Seek in Action:
If you want to achieve a Profit of ₹15,000 for the Table, and you want Goal Seek to adjust the
Selling Price, follow these steps:
1. Set Cell: Select the Profit cell (e.g., H2 where the formula is).
2. To Value: Enter 15000 (this is the target profit).
3. By Changing Cell: Select Selling Price cell (e.g., G2).
Goal Seek will automatically adjust the Selling Price in G2 to reach the target profit of ₹15,000.
TABLE
INPUT (BEST PROFIT) (BY CHANGING
TRANSPORTATION COST)

OUTPUT (BEST PROFIT)

INPUT (BEST PROFIT) (BY CHANGING
VARIABLE COST)

OUTPUT (BEST PROFIT)

INPUT (BEST PROFIT) (BY CHANGING
SELLING PRICE)

OUTPUT (BEST PROFIT)

CHAIR
INPUT (WORST PROFIT) (BY CHANGING
TRANSPORTATION COST)

OUTPUT (WORST PROFIT)

INPUT (WORST PROFIT) (BY CHANGING
VARIABLE COST)

OUTPUT (WORST PROFIT)

INPUT (WORST PROFIT) (BY CHANGING
SELLING PRICE)

OUTPUT (WORST PROFIT)

SOFA
INPUT (MODERATE PROFIT) (BY
CHANGING TRANSPORTATION COST)

OUTPUT (MODERATE PROFIT)

INPUT (MODERATE PROFIT) (BY
CHANGING VARIABLE COST)

OUTPUT (MODERATE PROFIT)

INPUT (MODERATE PROFIT) (BY
CHANGING SELLING PRICE)

OUTPUT (MODERATE PROFIT)

 ASSIGNMENT -5
TYPES OF CHARTS

Qtr
Products Qtr1 Qtr2 3 Qtr4
Printer 40 50 70 30
Mouse 50 60 80 70
Pen
Drive 60 70 90 80
Laptop 80 30 50 60

Using Above Data Prepare Following Charts & Graph applying all its features
 Column Chart
 Bar Chart
 Line Chart
 Pie Chart
 Scatter Chart
 Area Chart
 Radar Cart
 SOLUTION
A variety of Excel functions and features were used, primarily centered around Pivot Tables, Pivot
Charts, and chart customization options. Here’s an explanation of each function or feature that
plays a role in achieving the required analysis.

1. Pivot Table

 Purpose: A Pivot Table is a powerful Excel tool that summarizes and organizes large
datasets. It allows users to dynamically filter, group, and calculate data without manually
reorganizing it.

 How It Works: The Pivot Table aggregates data (e.g., sales figures) by predefined
categories (e.g., Products, Quarters) and calculates summaries such as sums, averages,
counts, etc.

 Steps Involved:

o Selecting the data range and creating a Pivot Table from Insert > Pivot Table.

o Setting up fields by dragging them to the Rows (e.g., Products) and Values (e.g.,
quarterly sales data).

2. Pivot Chart

 Purpose: A Pivot Chart provides a graphical representation of the summarized data in a

Pivot Table. It is dynamic and automatically updates when the Pivot Table is changed.

 How It Works: Pivot Charts are created based on Pivot Table data. When you change the
filters or add/remove data in the Pivot Table, the Pivot Chart updates accordingly.

 Steps Involved:

o Selecting the Pivot Table, going to Insert > Pivot Chart, and choosing a chart type
(Column, Line, Pie, etc.).

o Customizing the Pivot Chart based on chart type requirements.

 o

3. Chart Types

 Column Chart: Shows data changes over a period of time or comparisons among items.

 Bar Chart: Similar to a Column Chart but with horizontal bars; useful for comparing data
across categories.

 Line Chart: Displays trends over time with data points connected by lines; ideal for
tracking progress across intervals.

 Pie Chart: Represents parts of a whole as slices of a circle, best suited for displaying data
as percentages of a total.

 Scatter Chart: Displays values for two variables as points on a Cartesian plane, useful for
showing relationships between data points.

 Area Chart: Similar to a Line Chart but with the area under the line filled, providing a
cumulative visual representation.

 Radar Chart: Shows multiple data points and how they relate across different categories,
useful for comparing performance across dimensions (like quarters in this case).

4. Pivot Table Field List (Adding Fields)

 Purpose: In the Pivot Table, the Field List allows users to add fields as rows, columns, or
values for aggregation.

 Functions Involved:

o Drag and Drop: You can drag data fields (e.g., "Products," "Qtr1") to the Rows,
Columns, and Values areas.

o Sum, Average, Count: By default, the Pivot Table will Sum numeric fields added to
Values, but you can change this to other functions like Average or Count by right-
clicking the field, selecting Value Field Settings, and choosing the desired
aggregation.

5. Value Field Settings

 Purpose: Value Field Settings in the Pivot Table allow customization of how data is
aggregated (summed, averaged, counted, etc.).
  How It Works:

o Right-click on any field in the Values area, select Value Field Settings, and choose
an aggregation function (e.g., Sum, Count, Average).

o This affects how data is summarized in the Pivot Table and, consequently, in the
Pivot Chart.

6. Chart Customization Features

 Purpose: After creating a Pivot Chart, customization features enhance readability and
presentation.

 Customization Options:

o Axis Labels: You can add labels to the X and Y axes for better understanding of
data points.

o Data Labels: Add data labels to show exact values for each point or bar.

o Chart Title: Add a title to the chart for context.

o Legend: Modify or remove the legend as needed to make the chart cleaner or more
descriptive.

o Formatting: Adjust colors, styles, and line thickness to visually differentiate data
series.

INPUT
OUTPUT
Column Chart

Bar Chart
Line Chart

Pie Chart
Scatter Chart
Area Chart

Radar Cart
 ASSIGNMENT -6
DATA VALIDATION
SHOW HOW TO USE DATA VALIDATION THROUGH SAMPLE DATA
WITH ENAME AND START TIME.

SOLUTION
Data Validation in Excel is a feature that controls what users can enter into a cell, helping ensure
data integrity and consistency. It restricts inputs based on rules, such as allowing only specific
values, formats, or ranges. This tool is especially valuable for preventing errors in data entry, as it
can enforce business rules (e.g., age limits, budget caps) and provide drop-down lists for quick
selection.

Key Types of Data Validation:

 1. Whole Number: Limits input to integer values within a set range.
2. Decimal: Restricts entries to decimal numbers within a range.
3. List: Creates a drop-down menu for selecting from pre-defined options.
4. Date/Time: Limits entries to specific date or time ranges.
5. Text Length: Controls the number of characters in text input.
6. Custom: Uses formulas to set complex validation rules.

Additional Features:
 Input Message: Provides guidance to users on what to enter.
 Error Alert: Displays messages when invalid data is entered, with options to prevent or
warn against such entries.

Benefits:
 Reduces Errors: Prevents incorrect data entry.
 Improves Data Quality: Ensures consistent, reliable data.
 Guides Users: Helps users follow correct input formats.
Overall, Data Validation is essential for clean data entry and reliable analyses, saving time on
corrections and enhancing data quality in Excel sheets.

INPUT
OUTPUT
 ASSIGNMENT -7
DATE AND TEXT FUNCTION

SOLUTION
Basic Math Function

 SUM: Adds a range of numbers. Example: =SUM(A1:A10)

Text Functions

 LEFT: Extracts characters from the beginning of a text. Example: =LEFT("Excel", 2)

gives "Ex".

 RIGHT: Extracts characters from the end of a text. Example: =RIGHT("Excel", 2) gives
"el".

 MID: Extracts characters from the middle of a text. Example: =MID("Excel", 2, 3) gives
"xce".

 UPPER: Converts text to uppercase. Example: =UPPER("excel") gives "EXCEL".

 LOWER: Converts text to lowercase. Example: =LOWER("EXCEL") gives "excel".

 PROPER: Capitalizes the first letter of each word. Example: =PROPER("excel functions")
gives "Excel Functions".

 CONCATENATE/CONCAT: Combines text strings. Example:

=CONCATENATE("Hello", " ", "World") gives "Hello World"

.
Date Functions

 YEAR, MONTH, DAY: Extracts the year, month, or day from a date. Example:
=YEAR("2023-11-01") gives 2023.

 WEEKNUM: Returns the week number in the year. Example: =WEEKNUM("2023-11-

01").

 TEXT for Month Name: Converts a date to a month name. Example: =TEXT("2023-11-
01", "mmmm") gives "November".

 WEEKDAY: Returns the day of the week. Example: =WEEKDAY("2023-11-01").

 TODAY: Returns today’s date. Example: =TODAY().

OUTPUT
 SUM
FORMULA USED
=SUM(F3:J3)
 LEFT
FORMULA USED
=LEFT(B3,3)

 RIGHT
FORMULA USED
=RIGHT(B3,3)

 MIDDLE
FORMULA USED
=MID(B3,2,3)

 UPPER
FORMULA USED
=UPPER(B3)

 LOWER
FORMULA USED
=LOWER(B3)

 PROPER
FORMULA USED
=PROPER(B3)

 CONCATENATE
 FORMULA USED
1) =CONCATENATE(B3," ",E3)

2) =CONCATENATE(B3," Scored total marks ",K3)

 YEAR
FORMULA USED
=YEAR(C3)

 MONTH
FORMULA USED
=MONTH(C3)

 DAY
FORMULA USED
=DAY(C3)

 WEEKNUM
FORMULA USED
=WEEKNUM(C3)

 MONTH NAME
FORMULA USED
=TEXT(C3,"mmm")

 MONTH NAME (FULL)

FORMULA USED
=TEXT(C3,"mmmmmm")

 WEEKDAY
FORMULA USED
=TEXT(C3,"dddddd")

 TODAY’S DATE
FORMULA USED
=TODAY()

 AGE
FORMULA USED
=(YEAR(K3)-YEAR(C3))

 BORN ON SATURDAY
FORMULA USED
=TEXT(C3,"DDD")="Sat"

 ADD 3 MONTHS
FORMULA USED
=C3+90

 SUBTRACT 7 DAYS
FORMULA USED
=C3-7
Assignment-8
Power BI

Solution
Power BI is a business analytics tool developed by Microsoft, designed to help organizations
visualize data, gain insights, and make data-driven decisions. It is part of the Microsoft Power
Platform and integrates seamlessly with other Microsoft services like Excel, Azure, and
SharePoint.

Key Features:

1. Data Integration:
o Connects to a wide range of data sources, including databases (SQL Server,
Oracle), online services (Google Analytics, Salesforce), and files (Excel, CSV).
o Supports real-time data streaming and integration.
2. Data Transformation:
o Built-in tools like Power Query allow you to clean, shape, and prepare data for
analysis.
o Supports merging, appending, and creating calculated columns and measures.
3. Visualization:
o Provides an extensive library of customizable visualizations like bar charts, line
graphs, maps, and KPI dashboards.
o Supports creating interactive and dynamic dashboards.
4. Reports and Dashboards:
o Users can create detailed reports and share dashboards with teams.
o Dashboards update automatically with refreshed data from live connections.
5. AI and Machine Learning:
o Includes AI-powered features for data insights, such as key influencers and
predictive analytics.
o Integrates with Azure Machine Learning for advanced analytics.
6. Collaboration and Sharing:
o Enables sharing of reports via the Power BI Service.
o Offers role-based access control to maintain data security.
7. Mobile Access:
o Provides a mobile app for on-the-go access to dashboards and reports.
o Supports alerts and notifications for critical updates.
8. Power BI Ecosystem:
o Power BI Desktop: A free tool for creating and editing reports.
o Power BI Service: A cloud-based platform for sharing, collaboration, and online
reporting.
o Power BI Mobile: Mobile apps for viewing reports.
o Power BI Embedded: Embeds analytics into other applications.
o Power BI Report Server: On-premises version for organizations with specific
compliance needs.

Common Use Cases:

 Financial analysis and reporting.

 Sales and marketing performance tracking.
 Customer segmentation and behavior analysis.
 Supply chain and inventory management.
  Operational performance monitoring.

Why Use Power BI?

 User-friendly interface suitable for both beginners and advanced users.

 Scalability for small businesses to large enterprises.
 Strong integration with Microsoft tools and third-party services.
 Cost-effective with options for free, Pro, and Premium tiers.

Uses of Power BI

Power BI is a versatile tool used across industries for a variety of business intelligence and data
analytics purposes. Here are some specific use cases and examples:

1. Financial Reporting and Analysis

 Use: Track revenue, expenses, profitability, and financial forecasts.

 Example: A CFO uses Power BI to monitor real-time financial metrics like profit margins, cash flow,
and expense ratios, enabling quick adjustments to budget allocations.
 Advantages:
o Automation of data refresh to reflect the latest financial data.
o Powerful drill-down capabilities to investigate anomalies.

2. Sales and Marketing Analytics

 Use: Analyze sales pipelines, campaign performance, and customer segmentation.

 Example: A marketing manager evaluates ROI across multiple campaigns and adjusts strategies for
channels yielding the highest engagement.
 Advantages:
o Integration with CRM tools like Salesforce for a unified sales view.
o Real-time insights into customer behavior for improved targeting.

3. Customer and Product Insights

 Use: Segment customers, predict buying behavior, and evaluate product performance.
 Example: An e-commerce platform uses Power BI to identify the most profitable customer
demographics and optimize product recommendations.
 Advantages:
o AI tools for predicting churn or product popularity.
o Visualizations that highlight trends in customer data.

4. Supply Chain and Operations Management

 Use: Monitor inventory levels, logistics, and supplier performance.

 Example: A retail chain uses Power BI to ensure optimal inventory levels across stores, reducing
both overstock and stockouts.
 Advantages:
o Real-time tracking of shipments and inventory levels.
o Efficient resource allocation based on data-driven insights.
5. Human Resources Analytics

 Use: Track recruitment metrics, employee performance, and retention rates.

 Example: An HR manager uses dashboards to monitor the onboarding process and identify factors
influencing employee attrition.
 Advantages:
o Centralized dashboards for workforce metrics.
o Analysis of factors impacting employee satisfaction and productivity.

6. Healthcare Analytics

 Use: Improve patient outcomes and optimize hospital operations.

 Example: A hospital uses Power BI to analyze patient wait times, staff allocation, and treatment
outcomes.
 Advantages:
o Better resource management through data-driven planning.
o Enhanced patient care with real-time performance monitoring.

7. Project Management and Productivity

 Use: Track project progress, resource allocation, and budget adherence.

 Example: A project manager uses Power BI to monitor tasks, deadlines, and project costs in real
time.
 Advantages:
o Consolidation of project data from multiple tools.
o Customizable dashboards for different stakeholders.

Advantages of Power BI

Power BI offers numerous advantages that make it a leading choice for business intelligence:

1. Integration with a Wide Ecosystem

 Description: Seamlessly connects to over 100 data sources, including Microsoft tools (Excel,
Azure, Dynamics 365), and third-party services (Google Analytics, Salesforce).
 Advantage: Simplifies data collection from diverse systems.

2. Intuitive User Interface

 Description: Drag-and-drop functionality and pre-built templates make it accessible for beginners.
 Advantage: Reduces the learning curve for non-technical users.

3. Advanced Visualizations

 Description: Offers a wide range of visuals (charts, heat maps, KPI cards) and custom visual
options.
 Advantage: Communicates complex data in a visually compelling manner.
4. Real-Time Data Access

 Description: Supports real-time dashboards for time-sensitive operations.

 Advantage: Provides immediate insights, aiding faster decision-making.

5. Cost-Effective

 Description: Offers a free tier, with affordable Pro and Premium versions for advanced needs.
 Advantage: Suitable for businesses of all sizes, from startups to enterprises.

6. Collaboration and Sharing

 Description: Dashboards and reports can be shared easily within teams using Power BI Service.
 Advantage: Enhances teamwork and decision-making with shared insights.

7. Scalability

 Description: Handles small datasets as well as enterprise-level big data.

 Advantage: Grows with the organization’s needs without requiring new tools.

8. Security and Compliance

 Description: Implements role-based access, Azure Active Directory (AAD) integration, and data
encryption.
 Advantage: Ensures data privacy and compliance with regulations.

9. AI-Powered Insights

 Description: Built-in machine learning tools for automated insights like trend detection and
anomaly identification.
 Advantage: Enhances analytics with predictive and prescriptive insights.

10. Mobile Accessibility

 Description: Power BI mobile app allows access to dashboards on the go.

 Advantage: Enables decision-making anytime, anywhere.

Why Power BI Stands Out

 Regular updates and improvements from Microsoft.

 Global community support and extensive learning resources.
 Strong ecosystem with integration across the Microsoft suite.

Ques) Explain Report View with proper examples and Screen Shots
The Report View in Power BI is where users create and customize reports using visualizations,
filters, and layouts. It serves as the main workspace for designing interactive dashboards and
exploring data.

Key Features:

1. Canvas: Add and arrange visualizations like charts, tables, and maps.
2. Fields Pane: Drag data fields into visuals to populate them.
3. Visualizations Pane: Choose visual types and customize their properties.
4. Filters and Slicers: Apply filters and interactive controls to refine data views.
5. Drill-Down: Explore hierarchical data (e.g., region → country → city).
6. Pages: Use multiple report tabs to organize insights.
7. Bookmarks: Save specific views for easy navigation or storytelling.

Advantages:

 Interactive: Users can explore data dynamically with slicers and cross-filtering.
 Customizable: Adjust colors, layouts, and visuals to fit your needs.
 Data Integration: Combine multiple sources into a single, unified report.
 Real-Time Updates: Sync with live data for up-to-date insights.

Applications: Build dashboards for KPIs, sales trends, or operational performance.

Output
Ques) Table View with proper examples and Screen Shots

The Table View in Power BI provides a detailed, tabular display of your data, making it ideal for
inspecting, validating, and preparing datasets before analysis. It’s especially useful for identifying
errors, cleaning data, and creating calculated fields.

Key Features:

1. Raw Data Inspection:

o Displays all rows and columns from your imported dataset, offering a complete
view of your data.
o Useful for spotting duplicates, missing values, or anomalies.
2. Sorting and Filtering:
o Sort columns to identify trends or outliers.
o Apply filters to isolate subsets of data for focused analysis.
3. Calculated Columns:
o Add custom columns using DAX (Data Analysis Expressions) to derive new
insights.
o Examples include creating profit margins or categorizing data.
4. Metadata Review:
o Shows column names, data types, and relationships between tables.
o Ensures fields are properly configured for visualizations and calculations.
5. Relationships Check:
o Verify connections between related tables to ensure accurate data modeling.

Advantages:

 Provides a clear view of your raw data for validation and quality checks.
 Simplifies data preparation with tools for sorting, filtering, and adding new fields.
 Helps maintain data integrity by reviewing relationships and metadata.

Applications:

 Cleaning and preparing datasets for accurate analysis.

 Creating calculated fields like profit margins, growth rates, or categorizations.
 Verifying that relationships between tables are functioning as intended.
Output
Ques) Model View with proper examples and Screen Shots

The Model View in Power BI allows you to manage and visualize relationships between tables in
your data model. It helps structure datasets for effective analysis and ensures seamless interactions
in reports.

Key Features:

1. Relationships Management:
o View, create, and edit relationships between tables.
o Define cardinality (one-to-one, one-to-many) and cross-filtering directions.
2. Diagram Layout:
o Displays a visual representation of tables and their connections.
o Lets you rearrange tables for clarity.
3. Table Properties:
o Edit table and field properties, such as data types and formats.
o Hide unnecessary columns or tables from the report view.

Advantages:

 Ensures data consistency by establishing correct relationships.

 Improves report performance by hiding irrelevant fields.
 Simplifies complex models with clear visuals of table connections.

Applications:

 Building well-structured data models for dashboards.

 Optimizing relationships for better filtering and interaction.
 Customizing data for specific reporting needs.

Output
Ques) Complete Dashboard created by you with features used in it and screen shots of Dashboard

A Complete Dashboard in Power BI combines multiple visualizations, interactivity, and real-

time data to provide actionable insights. It brings together key metrics in one view, making it easy
for users to monitor and analyze performance.

Key Features:

1. Interactive Visualizations:
o Charts, maps, and tables that respond to user actions like clicks or filters.
o Cross-filtering between visuals for deeper insights.
2. Slicers and Filters:
o Allow users to dynamically adjust data views (e.g., by date, region, or category).
3. Real-Time Data:
o Connects to live data sources, keeping dashboards up-to-date.
4. KPI Cards:
o Highlights key metrics like revenue, profit, or customer satisfaction at a glance.
5. Drill-Through and Drill-Down:
o Enables exploration of detailed data by navigating levels (e.g., country → state →
city).
6. Customizable Layout:
o Adjustable visuals, colors, and themes for branding and usability.
7. Alerts and Notifications:
o Triggers for critical metric changes, keeping users informed.
8. Sharing and Collaboration:
o Easily share dashboards via the Power BI Service with role-based access.

Advantages:

 Combines key metrics in one place for quick decision-making.

 Enhances interactivity and exploration with filters and drill options.
 Scales to handle real-time data for dynamic business needs.

Applications:

 Monitoring sales trends, KPIs, or operational performance.

 Analyzing customer behaviors or regional performances.
 Sharing business insights with teams for collaboration.
Output
 ASSIGNMENT -9
GOOGLE DASHBOARD
 SOLUTION
Google Dashboard, available in tools like Google Data Studio (now Looker Studio), enables users
to create interactive and customizable reports by visualizing data from various sources, including
Google Sheets, Google Analytics, and more. It offers a range of charts, scorecards, and controls,
allowing users to present data insights visually and dynamically. With options for cross-filtering,
drill-down, and user interactivity, Google Dashboard is ideal for tracking key metrics and sharing
data-driven insights in an accessible, real-time format .Here is the list of functions used while
making the Google Dashboard.
A) ADD DATA
Using Google Sheets as a data source in Google Data Studio (Looker Studio) is a simple and
effective way to bring spreadsheet data into your dashboard for visualization and analysis. Here’s
how to add data through Google Sheets:
1. Access the Add Data Function
•Open your report in Google Data Studio.
•Go to the Data menu and select Add Data to open the data connector options.
2. Select Google Sheets as the Data Source
•In the data connector panel, choose Google Sheets as the data source.
•You'll be prompted to authorize access if this is your first time connecting Data Studio to Google
Sheets.
3. Locate and Select the Spreadsheet
•Once authorized, you’ll see a list of all the Google Sheets in your account.
•Choose the Google Sheet that contains the data you want to visualize.
4. Select the Specific Worksheet and Data Range
•After selecting the spreadsheet, choose the specific worksheet (tab) you wish to use.
•You can opt to use the entire sheet or specify a custom data range if you only need a portion of
the data.
5. Configure Data Settings
•Use First Row as Headers: Check this option if the first row of your sheet contains headers for
each column (such as dates, categories, metrics, etc.).
•Field Type and Aggregation: Data Studio will automatically detect data types (e.g., text, number,
date). You can change these settings later if needed.
•Data Access Settings: Set access permissions to control who can view the data. Options include:
oViewer’s Credentials: Each viewer will see data based on their permissions.
oOwner’s Credentials: All viewers will see the data based on the data owner’s access permissions.
6. Add the Data to Your Report
•Click Add to import the data. The Google Sheet data is now available in your Data Studio report.
Adding data from Google Sheets allows for flexible and collaborative data management, making
it a convenient option for dashboards that rely on regularly updated spreadsheet data.
b)Shapes
•Purpose: Shapes are used for visual emphasis and organization within the dashboard.
•Types: You can add rectangles, circles, and lines to structure the layout, highlight data, or
separate sections within the dashboard.
• Customization: You can adjust shape colors, transparency, borders, and layer positioning to
match your dashboard design.
a)Charts
Charts are essential for visualizing data. Google Dashboard provides a variety of chart options:
•Table: Displays raw data in a tabular format, useful for detailed, granular data.
•Scorecard: Highlights key metrics as single values, typically used to show KPIs or summary
metrics.
•Bar Chart: Used for comparing values across categories, showing data as horizontal or vertical
bars.
•Pie Chart: Illustrates proportions or percentages of a whole, ideal for showing composition of
data.
•Geo Chart: Displays geographical data on a map, great for visualizing data by region (e.g.,
countries, states, cities).
•Line Chart: Perfect for displaying trends over time, with lines connecting data points to show
progression or change.
Each chart type has unique customization options for color, data labels, and dimensions, allowing
for tailored data visualization.
b)Drop-Down List Control
•Purpose: Drop-down lists serve as interactive filters within the dashboard. They let users
dynamically filter data by selecting options from the list, improving usability.
•Options: You can set the list to filter by dimensions like region, product category, time frame,
etc., providing flexibility for user-driven data exploration.
c)Properties (Style and Setup)
•Style: This property allows you to customize the look and feel of each chart, table, or widget.
Options include:
oColors: Adjust colors for backgrounds, fonts, and data points.
oText: Change font types, sizes, and colors for readability.
oBorders: Modify borders to frame or separate elements.
oGridlines and Axes: Customize gridline visibility, color, and thickness for clarity in data
comparison.
•Setup: The setup properties focus on data management and chart behavior:
oData Source Selection: Choose and adjust the data source that powers each element.
oDimension and Metric Configuration: Define the dimensions (categorical data) and metrics
(quantitative data) for each chart.
oFilter Application: Apply additional filters or calculated fields to refine data display.
oInteraction Settings: Set up interactivity options, such as cross-filtering or drill-downs within
charts.
d)Page Settings
In Google Data Studio's Current Page Settings (found under the "Page" section), you can
customize each page within your dashboard individually. Here’s a breakdown of what’s typically
available:
1. Page-Level Properties
•Page Title: Set a title for each page, which can be displayed at the top or used as a reference for
page navigation.
•Data Source Selection: Define or adjust data sources specific to the current page. This is useful if
you want certain pages to reference specific datasets.
•Filters and Controls: You can apply page-specific filters (e.g., date ranges, product categories)
that only affect this page’s charts and elements, without impacting other pages.
2. Style Customization
•Background Color or Image: Customize the page background with solid colors or an image. This
helps with branding or visual segmentation of pages.
•Default Text Style: Set default font styles, sizes, and colors for the text on the page.
•Margins and Padding: Adjust margins and padding for better alignment and spacing between
elements.
3. Page Interactions
•Cross-Filtering: Allows interactive filtering between charts on the page. When you select a data
point on one chart, other charts update to reflect the selected data.
•Drill-Down: Enable drill-down options to let users explore data hierarchies (e.g., from country
level to city level) by clicking on specific elements within charts.
4. Page-Level Controls
•Drop-Downs, Sliders, and Date Ranges: You can add controls that apply only to the current page.
For example, a date range selector specific to this page can be added without influencing other
pages.
•Filters: Apply filters specific to the page for data segmentation or to tailor data display to the
page's focus (e.g., filtering by a particular product line).
5. Advanced Page Settings
•Navigation Setup: Use page navigation controls to make multi-page dashboards easier to
navigate. You can add page links or buttons to enable smooth transitions between pages.
•Report-Level vs. Page-Level Settings: Distinguish between report-level (global) settings, which
apply across all pages, and page-specific settings that allow for unique formatting and data
perspectives on each page.
These settings enhance user experience by creating consistent, flexible, and interactive reports,
allowing each page to serve a specific analytical purpose within the dashboard.

These features work together to make Google Dashboard a versatile tool for interactive and data-
rich reporting.
OUTPUT