UNIT 4 LEARNING AIM B
Mark scheme:
For pass standard, learners will explain different behaviour modification and punishment strategies used in
response to criminal behaviour. This will include the main features of such behaviour modifications and
punishments, and appropriate links will be made between these and the psychological approaches on which they
are based.
For merit standard, learner assessments of the impact of different behaviour modification and punishment
strategies will include consideration of the effect on the individual and on society, for example the impact on
reoffending rates. Learners will support their account with reference to psychological research. They will include
reference to different types of crime and patterns of criminal behaviour, together with some analysis of the
methodological limitations of the research.
For distinction standard, learner evaluations of the impact of different punishment and behaviour modification
strategies will include a detailed analysis of their appropriateness for the individual and society. This will include an
assessment of considerations such as the economic benefits to society and the impact that punishment and
behaviour modification strategies will have on both the criminal and their victim. Learners’ evaluations will make
detailed, appropriate reference to underlying psychological theories, including the validity of supporting research.
You must include a reference list clearly stated – use the
reference guide you have been given.
B2 Modifying criminal behaviour
Effectiveness, and social and ethical implications of methods of modifying criminal behaviour .
B2-1. Anger management
P3 M2 D2
Assess the effectiveness of anger
What is anger management
management:
Cognitive biases (HAB)
HAB
Stress inoculation therapy
SIT and Diathesis-stress
Psychological approaches
On what types of crime could be
behind Anger management
anger management effective?
Related research
Validity (strengths) of the
Features related research
Weaknesses
Evaluation of anger
management therapy
Reflections and
conclusions, supported
by case studies
B2-2. Restorative justice
P3 M2 D2
Restorative justice
Assess the effectiveness of anger
o Aims and features
management
Real life example
On what types of crime could be
Psychological approaches
restorative justice effective?
behind Anger management
Related research
Validity (strengths) of the
Features related research
Weaknesses
Evaluation of restorative
justice
Reflections and
conclusions, supported
by case studies
B2-3. Token economy
P3 M2 D2
Assess the effectiveness of token
economy
Token economy Token economy could be a form of
o Features vicarious reinforcement for other
o Punishment inmates. Why? However, it could
Real life example have non-desirable effects, linked to
Psychological approaches conformity. Why?
behind token economy How token economy could be
adapted to the different types of
crime?
Related research
Validity (strengths) of the
Features related research
Weaknesses
Evaluation of restorative
justice
Reflections and
conclusions, supported
by case studies
B1 Punishing criminal behaviour
Effectiveness, and social and ethical implications of punishment methods .
B1-1. Imprisonment
P4 M2 D2
Explain what is imprisonment Assess the impact of imprisonment:
and its 4 aims
effects of the strategy on the
Explain recidivism rates, effect
individual e.g. institutionalisation
of institutionalisation when
when released, mental health and
released, mental health and
suicide rates in prison.
suicide rates in prison.
the effect of the strategy on society
Link with theoretical
e.g. the impact on recidivism rates
approaches (Behaviourist,
three different types of crime
Social, etc)
(imprisonment rates, duration,
etc)
Related research
Validity (strengths) of the
Features related research
Weaknesses
Evaluation of
imprisonment
Reflections and
conclusions, supported
by case studies
B1-2 Zero tolerance
P4 M2 D2
Explain Zero tolerance and
“Broken windows”
Assess the impact of zero
Psychological approaches
tolerance
linked to Zero tolerance
Effects of US model
The US model of Zero
War on drugs
tolerance
System abuse
The war on drugs
How can zero tolerance be
Link with theoretical
applied to the different types
approaches (Behaviourist,
of crime
Social, etc)
Related research
Validity (strengths) of the related
Features research
Weaknesses
Evaluation of zero tolerance
Reflections and conclusions,
supported by case studies
B1-3 Offenders disclosure schemes
P4 M2 D2
Explain offender disclosure Assess impact of offender Validity (strengths) of these laws
schema disclosure schema.
o Child sex offender What type of crime this model
disclosure schema concerns
o Domestic violence
offender disclosure
schema Limitations of
Link with theoretical Sarah’s law
approaches (Behaviourist, Clare’s law
Social, etc)
Evaluation of offender disclosure
schema
Reflections and conclusions,
supported by case studies
B1-4 Community sentences, probation, fines and discharges
P4 M2 D2
Explain alternatives to custodial
sentences
o Community sentences Assess impact of the
o Probation alternative offences on
o Fines individuals and community
o Discharges How this model affect to the
Link with theoretical different types of crime?
approaches (Behaviourist,
Social, etc)
Related research
Validity (strengths) of the related
Features research
Weaknesses
Evaluation of non-custodial
sentences.
Discussion and conclusions,
supported by case studies
Synoptic assessment
D-2
As a final discussion, compare the effectiveness and appropriateness of punishment and behaviour
modification. :
o Aims (incapacitation, punishment, rehabilitation, etc)
o Rehabilitation and recidivism
o Economic benefits to society
o Impact on both the criminal and their victim
Arrive to a conclusion
You must include a reference list clearly stated – use the
reference guide you have been given.
Deadline for LAB: 31st March
