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module on paragraph

The document explains the structure of a paragraph, which consists of a topic sentence, supporting sentences, and a concluding sentence. It details the functions of each part, emphasizing the importance of clarity and coherence in developing the main idea. Additionally, it provides examples and characteristics of effective topic and concluding sentences, as well as types of supporting details.

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Johayma Ibra
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0 views

module on paragraph

The document explains the structure of a paragraph, which consists of a topic sentence, supporting sentences, and a concluding sentence. It details the functions of each part, emphasizing the importance of clarity and coherence in developing the main idea. Additionally, it provides examples and characteristics of effective topic and concluding sentences, as well as types of supporting details.

Uploaded by

Johayma Ibra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Topic 1: Parts of Paragraph

What is paragraph?

A paragraph is a group of sentences that convey an idea. Each sentence


works together as part of a unit to create an overall thought or impression. A
paragraph is the smallest unit or cluster of sentences in which one idea can
be developed adequately. Paragraphs can stand alone or function as part of
an essay, but each paragraph covers only one main idea.

An effective paragraph contains:

• A topic sentence that states the main point of the paragraph

• Supporting sentences with details and specific examples as proof of your


point

• Logical, coherent thoughts that are developed in order from one sentence
to the next

• A concluding idea that wraps up the point of the paragraph

Below is a paragraph model. It contains a topic sentence with concrete


details and examples in the supporting sentences. Notice how the writer
sums up the point of the paragraph with a concluding sentence.

‘My First Day”

My first day of college was a disaster. First, I went to the wrong classroom for
math. I was sitting in the class, surrounded by people taking notes and
paying attention to how to do equations, which would have been okay if I
was supposed to be in an algebra class. In reality, I was supposed to be in
geometry, and when I discovered my error, I had already missed the first
twenty minutes of a one-hour class. When I got to the correct class, all
twenty-five students turned and looked at me as the teacher said, “You’re
late.” That would have been bad enough, but in my next class my history
teacher spoke so fast I could not follow most of what they said. The only
thing I did hear was that we were having a quiz tomorrow over today’s
lecture. My day seemed to be going better during botany class, that is, until
we visited the lab. I had a sneezing fit because of one of the plants in the lab
and had to leave the room. When I finally finished my classes for the day, I
discovered I had locked my keys in the car and had to wait for my brother to
bring another set. My first day of school was so bad that I know the rest will
have to be better.

In the above paragraph, the topic sentence appears in purple and the
supporting sentence in green, and the concluding sentence in red. The
sentences in between support and develop the topic sentence by giving
specific examples and details. These examples are the writer’s “proof” of
their bad first day of school.

PARTS OF PARAGRAPH

1. What is topic sentence?

The topic sentence is the sentence in a paragraph that gives the reader
insight or idea into what it is all about. It states the main idea of a paragraph.
It is located at the beginning of a paragraph. Sometimes, it can be found in
the middle or end of paragraph. You have to read well the paragraph so that
you can be able to identify correctly the topic sentence.

Effective Topic Sentences


An effective topic sentence:

 informs the reader of the subject that will be discussed in the paragraph
 asserts the writer’s point of view or attitude
 intrigues the reader to continue reading
 creates a sense of action
 is not vague, rambling, too narrow or too broad

2.
3. What is supporting sentence?

Supporting sentences make up the body of a paragraph. It expands the topic


sentence in detail to develop the idea presented on it. That is why it is also
called as supporting details. The numbers of sentences vary but the typical
paragraph should have two or five supporting sentences.

The Purpose of Supporting Details:

1. Keep the reader focused on the main idea of the paragraph

2. Demonstrate that your topic sentence or main idea is accurate and


believable
3. Make your meaning clear and forceful with concrete, specific information

Questions to Consider:

1. Does this sentence directly explain the topic sentence or main idea? What
new information does it add?

2. Would any essential information be lost if this sentence were deleted? If


not, delete it. 3. Is this information distracting or unimportant? If so, delete
it.

Types of Supporting Details:

1. Reasons explanations that tell why an opinion is valid

2. Facts statements that can be proved

3. Statistics facts expressed in numbers

4. Examples specific instances that explain or demonstrate a point

5. Sensory Details appeals to one or more of the physical senses

6. Anecdotes brief stories about a character or event

3. What is concluding sentence?

A concluding sentence marks the end of the paragraph, and it summarizes or


raises the key point of the paragraph. This is the last sentence in a
paragraph. The significance of a concluding sentence is that it is the last
sentence in the paragraph that the reader will read. Therefore, it has to
perform several functions. It should signal to the reader that the paragraph
has come to an end. It should also remind the reader about the topic
sentence, and it should summarize the main points mentioned in the
paragraph.

Characteristics of Effective Concluding Sentences:

• Reviewing main points mentioned in a paragraph

• Restating the topic sentence

• Are found at the end of a paragraph

• Do not introduce new ideas or topics

Examples of concluding sentence starters include:

• In conclusion
• Therefore

• As expressed

• Overall

• As a result

• Thus • Finally

Reference:

Concluding Sentence | Overview, Examples & Starters

https://study.com/academy/lesson/concluding-sentence-definition-examples-
starters.html

Topic Sentence and Paragraph

https://stlcc.edu/student-support/academic-success-and-tutoring/writing-
center/writing-resources/topic-sentence-paragraph.aspx

Supporting Details

https://www.google.com/montgomerycollege.edu/_documents/academics/
support/learning-centers/writing-reading-learning-ctr-rockville/student-
resources-tech/supporting-details.pdf

Parts of Paragraph

https://www.google.com/url?
sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://depedtambayan.net/
wp-content/uploads/2021/10/eng4_q1_mod1_PartsoftheParagrap

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