Scribd
Upload
56 views

Future Tech (Comp) Ans Key-8 (Final) (1)

The document covers HTML 5 concepts including lists, tables, images, links, and frames, along with exercises to reinforce learning. It explains the syntax and usage of various HTML tags such as <ul>, <ol>, <img>, and <a>, as well as properties for styling tables and lists. Additionally, it introduces Adobe Photoshop, detailing its tools and features for image editing and manipulation.

Uploaded by

Arrahum Mutha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
56 views

Future Tech (Comp) Ans Key-8 (Final) (1)

The document covers HTML 5 concepts including lists, tables, images, links, and frames, along with exercises to reinforce learning. It explains the syntax and usage of various HTML tags such as <ul>, <ol>, <img>, and <a>, as well as properties for styling tables and lists. Additionally, it introduces Adobe Photoshop, detailing its tools and features for image editing and manipulation.

Uploaded by

Arrahum Mutha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 31

Computer - 8

1. Using Lists and Tables in HTML 5


Check Your Learning
1. border:value 2. element:hover{style_properties}
3. border-collapse:value 4. table-layout:auto
EXERCISES
A. Fill in the blanks with the help of words given in the box.
1. List 2. Unordered 3. Border-spacing 4. Reversed 5. Description
B. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements.
1. F 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. F
C. Tick (3) the correct option.
1. a 2. b 3. a 4. b 5. c
D. Answer the following questions.
1. A nested list is a multilevel list in which we create a list inside another list.
An ordered list is a list which marks the list items with numbers. An
unordered list is a list which marks the list items with bullets. An ordered
or unordered list is a simple list and not a multilevel list. When you create
an ordered list within another ordered list or unordered list within
unordered list or ordered list within unordered list, that means you are
creating a nested list.
For example:
List of Computer Devices
a. Input Devices
© Keyboard © Mouse
b. Output Devices
© Monitor © Printer
c. Storage Devices
© Hard Disk © Pen Drive
2. A list is the most effective way of producing information in precise manner.
It enables in making important points stand-out more clearly, and
grabbing viewer's attention. HTML supports three types of lists:
a. Unordered List: This list is used to incorporate a bullet against each of
the item in a list. It starts with <ul> tag and ends with </ul> tag. It is also
called Bulleted list.
Example: Types of network topologies:
© Bus Topology © Star Topology
© Tree Topology © Ring Topology
b. Ordered List: This list is used to incorporate a number against each of
the item in a list. It starts with <ol> and ends with </ol> tags. It is also
called Numbered List.
Example: Types of Network are:
1) LAN
2) WAN
3) MAN
Computer - 8 60
c. Description List: This list consists of a term and its definition, just like
glossary. It starts with <dl> and ends with </dl> tag. The <dt> tag is
used to specify definition term and <dd> tag for definition description.
Both are container tags.
Example:
Computer
Computer is an electronic machine which takes input, process it and
produces output.
Input device
Input device is used to enter data into the computer.
3. A table is used to present the information in the form of rows and
columns. To create a table in HTML, we use <table> tag which is a
container tag. <tr> is used to define table row. <th> is used to define table
heading and <td> is used to define table data.
Example: Suppose we want to create the following table.
Name Class Position
Rahul 4 1
Sneha 5 2
Manpreet 6 3
The code to create above table in HTML is:
<html>
<head>
<title> Table </title>
</head>
<body>
<table>
<caption> Position Holders </caption>
<tr>
<th> Name </th><th>Class</th><th>Position</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Rahul</td><td>4</td><td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sneha</td><td>5</td><td>2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Manpreet</td><td>6</td><td>3</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>

61 Computer - 8
4. List-style-image: List-style-image is a list property which is used to define
an image as the list item marker. The value assigned to this property must
be the complete path of where the image resides in the system. You can
also define its value as None.
Syntax: list-style-image: value
Empty-cells: Empty-cells is a table property which is used to define
whether or not the border and background are to be put around empty
cells in a table. For this, you need to specify the value which can be show if
you want to show the border or background or hide if you do not want to
show the border or background around the empty cells.
Syntax: empty-cells:show|hide
5. The various table properties are:
a. Border: The Border property is used to define the border width, border
style and border color of the table and its cells.
Syntax: border:value
b. Hover: It is used to highlight table cells, row or column with defined
color, when you hover a mouse over it.
Syntax: element:hover{property}
c. Table Layout: This property is used to set the layout of the table.
Syntax: table-layout:auto|fixed|initial
d. Border-spacing:This property is used to define the space between the
borders of adjoining cells.
Syntax: border-spacing:value in pixel or cm
e. Height and width: This property is used to define the height and width
of the table.
Syntax: height:value in pixel or cm or %
Width: value in pixel or cm or %
f. Padding: This property is used to define the space between the border
and contents of a table.
Syntax: padding:value in pixel or cm or %
6. Description list is used to create a list which consists of term and its
description. It is just like a glossary in which the terms are defined through
their description. This list begins with <dl> and ends with </dl>. The data
terms are defined by using <dt> and </dt> tags. The data descriptions are
defined using <dd> and </dd> tags.
For example:
Input Devices
Input devices are those devices which are used to enter data into the
computer like keyboard and mouse.
Output Devices
Output devices are those devices which are used to produce the output
either in the form of hardcopy or softcopy. Example: Monitor and Printer.
Storage Devices
Storage devices are those devices which are used to store the data like
hard disk, CD or Pen drive.
Computer - 8 62
E. Application-based questions.
1. Sanjay can use border-collapse property to collapse the table borders. The
syntax of this property is: border-collapse:separate|collapse
2. Monika can use list-style-image property to use an image as list item
marker. For this, she needs to give the complete URL of an image as a value
to this property.
3. To create numbered list, Gagan can use <ol> tag which is a container tag
and list items are defined using <li> tag.
Fun Zone
Game Activity Lab Session
Do it yourself Do it yourself
Higher Order Thinking Skills
1. Unordered list 2. Border property 3. Caption-side 4. Padding:value
Project Work
Do it yourself

2. Images, Links and Frames in HTML 5


Check Your Learning
1. No 2. Yes 3. Yes 4. Yes
EXERCISES
A. Fill in the blanks with the help of words given in the box.
1. <img> 2. Alt 3. Hyperlinking 4. Internal 5. Frames
B. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements.
1. F 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. T
C. Tick (3) the correct option.
1. b 2. b 3. a 4. c 5. b
D. Answer the following questions.
1. Image is inserted to an HTML document by using <img> tag. It is an empty
tag which does not has an ending tag. src is a mandatory attribute used
with <img> tag.
Syntax: <imgsrc=”Complete path of an image”>
The various attributes of <img> tag are:
a. Height: height attribute is used to define the height of an image in
pixels or percentage.
b. Widht: width attribute is used to define the width of an image in pixels
or percentage.
c. Float: This attribute is used to align an image to the left or right of the
text.
d. Alt: This attribute is used to display the alternative text in case image is
not displayed in a web page due to any reason.
2. Sometimes, a web browser does not support the particular format of an
image and therefore, does not display the image when you open a web
page. Another reason of not showing the image in web page can be slow
connection or error in source attribute. In such case, you can display the
alternative text using ALT attribute which will display in place of image
when an image will not open. ALT attribute allows you define the text as an
alternative to the image.
63 Computer - 8
Syntax: <imagsrc = “URL” alt = “text'>
3. A link or hyperlink is used to create a link between two webpages. When
you click on this link, you will be directed to the linked page. There are two
types of linking:
a. Internal Linking: When one part of the webpage is linked to another
part of same webpage is called Internal Linking.
b. External Linking: When one part of the webpage is linked to another
webpage or website is called External linking.
To create a link in HTML, <a> tag is used. This is an anchor tag which has a
mandatory attribute i.e. href. It is used to give reference to the linked
page.
Syntax: <a href= “value”> Text </a>
For example: <a href = “abcd.html”> Click Here </a>
4. The audio and video clips can be inserted in HTML document to grab the
attention of the viewers and give a better understanding of the topic. To
insert audio clip, we use <audio> tag which is a container tag and ends
with </audio>. It supports format .mp3, .ogg, .wav etc. The video clip can
be inserted using <video> tag which ends with </video> tag. It supports
format .mp4, .webm etc.
To insert audio and video file in HTML document, the code is given below:
<html>
<head>
<title> Audio and Video Clips </title>
</head>
<body>
<h2 style = color:blue>An audio clip </h2>
<audio controls src=”song.mp3”> This is an audio file. </audio>
<h2> A Video clip</h2>
<video controls scr=”video.mp4”> This is a video file. </video>
</body>
</html>
5. Frames is used to organize the website by dividing the page into number of
rectangular segments. All the segments are presented as independent
windows within one browser window. This gives greater flexibility to
design and maintain your site than simply dumping everything onto one
page. You can make frames more interesting by adding site theme like
image, logo etc. You add separate webpage in each frame. The frames can
be created using <iframe> tag which is a container tag and ends with
</iframe> tag.
E. Application-based questions.
1. Rekha can use the 'alt' attribute of <img> tag to give the alternative
description of the image which will display in case of text-based browsers.
2. To i n s e r t i m a g e s a s l i n k s , Ro h i t c a n u s e c o d e < a h r e f =
“abcd.html”><imgsrc = “Image.jpg”></a>. To insert a video clip, he can
use the code <video controls src = “Video.mp4”> This is a video clip.
</video>.
Computer - 8 64
Fun Zone
Lab Session
Do it yourself
Higher Order Thinking Skills
1. a:link 2. a:visited 3. a:hover 4. a:active
Project Work
Do it yourself

3. Introduction to Adobe Photoshop


Check Your Learning
1. Rectangle tool 4. Polygon tool 2. Rounded Rectangle tool
5. Line tool 3. Ellipse tool 6. Custom Shape tool
EXERCISES
A. Fill in the blanks with the help of words given in the box.
1. Photoshop 2. Foreground 3. Canvas 4. Crop 5. Magic Wand
B. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements.
1. F 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. T
C. Tick (3) the correct option.
1. a 2. c 3. b 4. a 5. c
D. Answer the following questions.
1. Photoshop is a raster-based graphics software where you can work on
objects without losing their original quality. This is a powerful editor
having lots of tools which can be used to create, edit and manipulate the
pictures.
2. Various features provided by Photoshop are:
Ÿ It provides high dpi displays which improves the display quality.
Ÿ Using Layers palette, you can draw or design various elements of the
document independently in layers.
Ÿ It provides lots of selection tools like Magic Wand tool, Lasso tool and
Marquee Selection tools.
Ÿ Using Content Move tool, the selected part of an image can be moved
from one location to another.
Ÿ Crop tool is used to snip and smear the image.
Ÿ It also provides retouching tools to improve the quality and look of the
image. It includes Stamp tool, Patch tool, Healing tool, Spot Healing
tool, Red Eye tool etc.
3. To create a new file in Photoshop 2022,
Ÿ Click on File menu ® New option.
Ÿ Type the name of the file in Name textbox.
Ÿ Set the page size and orientation by specifying the values in Width and
Height options.
Ÿ Set the resolution value in pixels in Resolution value box.
Ÿ Select the Color mode and background contents.
Ÿ Click OK button.
65 Computer - 8
4. Foreground color is the main color which can be seen on the canvas when
something is drawn with the help of brush tool or pencil tool.
Background color is the color of the last layer in an image. The background
color can be seen in an image, when you erase it using an Eraser tool. It
removes any added color and replaces it with background color.
5. Lasso tool is a selection tool. There are three types of Lasso tools in
Photoshop: Lasso tool, Polygonal Lasso tool and Magnetic Lasso tool.
a. Lasso tool: It is used to make free hand selections.
b. Polygonal Lasso tool: It is used to select an image or its part in straight
lines.
c. Magnetic Lasso tool: It creates anchor points to the edges of the
defined areas in an image to make the selections.
6. Pencil Tool : Pencil Tool is used to create free hand drawings. To use Pencil
tool.
Brush Tool : Brush Tool is used to create free hand brush strokes just as you
do with a painting brush on a drawing sheet.
7. Eraser tool is used to erase something in a drawing in Photoshop. When
you drag mouse over the drawing to erase it, it fills the background colour
on the drawing. To erase a drawing,
Ÿ Click on Eraser tool.
Ÿ Select the size and other options of the tool.
Ÿ Choose the Background colour.
Ÿ Drag the mouse pointer over the picture.
8. Type Tool is used to type the text on a canvas. You can type the text in two
ways: Horizontally and Vertically. To use Text tool, follow the given steps:
Ÿ Select Horizontal Type tool or Vertical Type tool.
Ÿ Click on the canvas, a cursor appears.
Ÿ Select the text formatting options from the Option bar.
Ÿ Type the text.
9. Shapes tools are used to draw different shapes on canvas, like rectangle,
oval, circle, square, line etc. To draw shapes on stage,
Ÿ Select any shape tool. • Choose the desired colour.
Ÿ Click and drag the mouse on canvas to draw the shape.
10. Quick Selection Tool is used to quickly select an image by double clicking
on it. At that point, the selection is automatically expanded on the defined
edges in an image.
Magic Wand Tool selects an image based on its color. When you use this
tool to make a selection, pixels having the same colour will be selected.
E. Application-based questions.
1. Aditi can use various shapes tool to create a drawing on canvas in
Photoshop 2022. She can find these tools in Tools Panel.
2. Deepak can use Crop tool to crop the picture in Photoshop 2022.
3. Samisha can use Eraser tool to remove some parts of the drawing in
Photoshop.
F. Look at the pictures and guess the Selection tool which is used to make such
selections.

Computer - 8 66
Lasso tool Marquee tool Magic Wand tool Magnetic Lasso tool

Fun Zone
Gaming Activity

Lasso tool Crop tool Oval tool Eraser tool


Lab Session Higher Order Thinking Skills Project Work
Do it yourself Paint Bucket tool is used to Do it yourself
paint the selected area.

4. More on Photoshop
Check Your Learning
1. Spot Healing Brush tool 2. Healing Brush tool
3. Patch tool 4. Content Aware Move tool
EXERCISES
A. Fill in the blanks with the help of words given in the box.
1. Retouching 2. Color Replacement 3. Content Aware
4. Clone Stamp 5. Blur
B. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements.
1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. T
C. Tick (3) the correct option.
1. c 2. a 3. c 4. c 5. b
D. Answer the following questions.
1. Content Aware Move Tool can be used to select an object and transfer it
from one position to another in the same image or in another image.
When the selected portion is moved, the background area is filled
automatically with existing background.
2. Healing Brush Tool performs the same task as Spot healing Brush tool like
to replace bad texture with good texture, remove scars, blemishes, dark
spots etc. But there is difference between these two tools. In Spot Healing
Brush tool, you do not require to select the source point from where the
tool picks the sample pixels. But in Healing Brush tool, you need to specify
the source point of a good texture that we want to use to replace the bad
texture.
3. Blur tool is used to add a blur effect to an image. To use this tool,
a. Place an image on canvas.
b. Select Blur tool.
c. Select Brush size, Hardness, type, preset and other options from
Options bar.
67 Computer - 8
d. Click and drag the mouse over the area which you want to blur.
4. Patch Tool is used for retouching and repairing photographs that are
damaged. It can be used to fix any small or large part of an image. It can be
done by selecting a patch from the image and put a patch on a particular
area to hide it. This type of tool is useful in such cases where you want to
hide or remove some unwanted elements from a picture like spots, marks,
blemishes etc. It can also be used to create a duplicate of an object in a
picture.
5. Clone Stamp tool is used to create duplicate of an image in Photoshop. It
copies the exact detail and colour from one portion of an image to another
area. To use this tool,
a. Place an image on a canvas.
b. Select the Clone Stamp tool.
c. From Option bar, select the type, size (bigger), brush hardness and
blend mode according to your requirements.
d. To select the sampling area, press Alt + Left mouse button.
e. Click and drag the mouse on the other area to draw the clone.
6. The difference between Blur tool and Sharpen tool is:
Blur tool Sharpen tool
Blur tool is used to paint blur Sharpen tool is used to sharpen
effect on the required portion of the pixels of an image to increase
an image. the focus and adds clarity.
It lowers the contrast between It increases the contrast between
the affected pixels and making the pixels by lightening the light
them appear vague. pixels and darkening the dark
pixels.
7. Smudge Tool is used to mix and blend the colors of a picture to smudge it.
It picks the color of the place at which you click and then pushes that color
through the rest of the stroke as you drag. It gives an effect of spreading
the paint across the image like you drag the finger over wet paint.
E. Application-based questions.
1. Sunidhi can use the Color Replacement tool to change the colour of an
image in Photoshop 2022.
2. Gaurav can use the Blur tool to add a blur effect to the background of the
picture in Photoshop 2022.
Fun Zone
Gaming Activity
Smudge Tool
Clone Stamp tool

Content Aware Move tool


Color Replacement tool

Lab Session
Do it yourself

Computer - 8 68
Higher Order Thinking Skills
Eye dropper tool is used to pick the sample colour from one portion of an image
and use that sample colour to fill other portion of an image.
Project Work
Do it yourself
5. App Development
EXERCISES
A. Fill in the blanks with the help of words given in the box.
1. Desktop 2. Google Maps 3. Online Shopping
4. Android Studio 5. Facebook
B. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements.
1. T 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. F
C. Tick (3) the correct option.
1. b 2. c 3. a 4. c 5. a
D. Answer the following questions.
1. Apps can be divided into three main types: Desktop Apps, Mobile Apps
and Web Apps.
a. Desktop Apps: Apps that are designed to run on the desktop and
laptop computers are called Desktop apps. For example: MS Word,
Adobe Photoshop, Netflix etc.
b. Mobile Apps: Apps that are designed to run on mobile devices such as
tablets, smart phones, game consoles etc. are called Mobile apps. For
example: WhatsApp, Google Maps, YouTube etc.
c. Web Apps: Apps that are designed to run on the web through an
internet connection are called Web apps. For example: Google Docs,
Google Sheet, PIXLR Photo Editor etc.
2. The difference between Mobile Apps and Web Apps are:
Mobile Apps Web Apps
Apps that are designed to run on Apps that are designed to run on
mobile devices such as tablets, the web through an internet
smart phones, game consoles etc. connection are called Web apps.
are called Mobile apps.
There is no need of any web These apps are accessed through
browser to access these apps. a web browser.
For example: WhatsApp, Google For example: Google Docs, Google
Maps, YouTube etc. Sheet, PIXLR Photo Editor etc.

3. Educational apps are useful to get the learning material, exam preparation
and to clear your doubts related to any subject. The various educational
apps are available which are:
Ÿ BYJU'S: This is a learning apps for the students and candidates preparing
for competitive exams and government jobs.
Ÿ Duolingo: This app helps to learn different languages such as English,
French, Italian, Russian etc. It also helps to improve vocabulary and
grammar skills.

69 Computer - 8
ŸMeritnation: It helps the students in their school-related doubts,
questions etc. It provides study material, homework help and exam
preparation.
4. Social Networking apps are those apps which helps you to connect other
people around the world through internet. You can send and receive
messages, share your images and videos, chat with other people through
these apps. Some of the commonly used social networking apps are:
Ÿ WhatsApp: It is used on mobile devices for chatting. It can be used to
send and receive text messages, share images, audio, videos, text
documents, PDFs, location and to make video or voice calls.
Ÿ Facebook: It is the most commonly used social networking app which
is used to upload and share photos, videos, communicate through
chat, voice calls, video calls, make new friends, and do a lot more.
Ÿ LinkedIn: This app is mainly used by professionals because it provides
business and employment-oriented service.
Ÿ Snapchat: It can be used for person-to-person photo sharing. It is used
for sharing photos, videos, text and drawings.
5. Digital Wallet apps are meant for cashless money transactions. These apps
allow you to pay money through online method. You can pay for mobile
recharges, D2H services, electricity bills, water tax, online shopping, etc.,
through a digital wallet app. Paytm, PhonePe, MobiKwik, SBI Buddy, ICICI
Pockets, etc., are some popular digital wallet apps used in India.
6. To download an app from Google Play Store,
a. Go to the home screen of your device and tap on the Play Store icon.
b. In the Play Store window under the Apps category, tap the Search icon
and type the name of the required app.
c. Tap the Go button on your on screen keyboard.
...The applications matching the name you have typed will get listed in
the window.
d. Swipe and navigate to find the desired application and tap on it.
e. Tap on the Install button and then on Accept to allow the installation of
the application to your device. After the installation is complete, an
icon of the app will appear on your devices desktop. You can now open
and use the app by tapping on it.
7. Android Studio is a free and easy-to-use development environment that
can be used to learn how to create simple apps for android devices.
E. Application-based questions.
1. Rohit can develop an app for drawing, sharing documents, or gaming app.
2. George can visit to Amazon e-store through the link “www.amazon.co.in”
and search for the mobile phone which he wants to purchase. He can read
the features of the phone, add it in cart, do the payment online. He also
needs to mention his address for home delivery of the mobile phone.
3. He can install Android Studio on his system and follow the step by step
procedure to create an app for a shop.
Fun Zone
Gaming Activity

Book My Show Twitter YouTube Google Maps


Computer - 8 70
Lab Session
Do it yourself
Higher Order Thinking Skills
Benefits of social media platform are:
Ÿ It helps to build relationships.
Ÿ It helps you to share your expertise.
Ÿ It helps you to reach large audience.
Ÿ It helps you to build your brand.
Harms of social media platform are:
Ÿ It causes distractions.
Ÿ It disrupts your sleep and become a major cause of various health issues.
Ÿ It exposes the teens to bullying.
Ÿ It is used to spread rumor.
Ÿ It gives unrealistic views of other people's lives and peer pressure.
Project Work
Do it yourself

6. Concept of Networking
Check Your Learning
1. Network Interface Card 2. Communication Card
3. Hub/ Switch 4. Modem
EXERCISES
A. Fill in the blanks with the help of words given in the box.
1. Network 2. Bus 3. PAN 4. Tree 5. Cables
B. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements.
1. T 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. F
C. Tick (3) the correct option.
1. b 2. a 3. a 4. b 5. b
D. Answer the following questions.
1. A network is a collection of computers which are connected to each other
to share information and resources. One of the best examples of network
is Internet which connects millions of computers all over the world. The
importance of network is given below:
a. Share of Information and Resources: Through a computer network,
information and resources like printer, modem, scanner, USB port etc.
can be shared and thus saving the cost.
b. Effective Backup: Copies of the important files can be made and saved
on another networked computer or the server. If one system crashes
due to any reason, the data will not be lost. In fact, the data can be
retrieved from the backup.
c. Effective means of communication: Through computer network,
people can communicate with each other by sending and receiving
text messages, voice messages or video calls. So it provides a cheap
and quick communication.
71 Computer - 8
d. Effective Security Measures: The security of a network is managed
through passwords and user names. It is easier to protect the
important data when it is saved at one place.
2. The various components of a network are:
a. NIC (Network Interface Card): Every computer on a network has a NIC.
It is a hardware device which is used to join the network cable to the
computer.
b. Communication Media: Two types of communication media are used:
Wired and Wireless.
i. Wired Media: Wired media are the electric cables used to carry the
signals from one end to another. Example: Fiber optical cable,
Coaxial cable
ii. Wireless Media: Wireless media do not require cables to transmit
signals. Signals are transmitted through Bluetooth, Infrared,
Microwave or Radiowave.
c. Hub/Switch: These devices are used to connect a number of
computers together to make a network.
d. Modem: It is used to connect digital computer to analog telephone
line. It converts digital signals to analog and vice versa.
3. The difference between Wired and Wireless Network are:
Wired Network Wireless Network
1. It uses physical mode for It does not use cables for
communication which communication. It is made up of
consists of cables. electromagnetic waves or
infrared waves.
2. The speed of operation is The speed of operation is lower.
higher. But the advanced wireless
technologies have achieved speed
par equivalent to wired network.
3. The system bandwidth is high. The system bandwidth is low.
4. The cost of wired technology The cost of wireless technology is
is less because cables are not high because it needs wireless
expensive. routers, access points, subscriber
stations and adapters which are
expensive.
5. The installation of wired The installation of wireless
network is cumbersome and network is easy and requires less
requires more time. time.
4. A topology is the format of the arrangements of computers in a network.
The various types of topologies used in network are:
a. Bus Topology: In this topology, the various computers or devices are
connected to each other through a single cable known as backbone.
Each signal passed is received by all the nodes but only the destination
node is able to use it.
Computer - 8 72
b. Star Topology: In this topology, all the computers are connected to a
central hub/switch using separate wires. Each signal passed to the
central computer before reaching to the destination node.
c. Ring Topology: In this topology, all the computers are connected to
each other using links in the form of loop. A token goes around the loop
continuously, which is used to send or receive the message in a loop.
d. Tree Topology: This is a combination of Bus and Star topology. It can
have multiple servers. These servers are interconnected so that a user
may access his own server when required. It shows parent-child
relationship.
5. The different types of Computer Network are: PAN, LAN, MAN and WAN.
a. PAN (Personal Area Network)
PAN is a smaller network which is very personal to user. It has a
connectivity range up to 10 meters. It may incorporate Bluetooth-
enabled devices and infra-red enabled devices.
b. LAN (Local Area Network)
LAN is used to connect personal computers in a room, building or
campus. It is broadly used in offices and allows its users to use
resources such as printers, scanners, speakers etc. on a common basis.
c. MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
MAN is used to connect personal computers or other electronic
devices in an entire city.
d. WAN (Wide Area Network)
WAN is used to connect personal computers to large geographical
areas. The best example of WAN is Internet.
6. Network Architecture is the physical and logical complete design of the
computer network. It includes various hardware components, wired or
wireless connections, network topologies, network layout, cabling,
software, protocols etc.
There are two types of Network Architecture:
a. Peer-to-peer network architecture: In this type of network
architecture, there is no central computer or hierarchy. Tasks are
allocated to all the devices on a network and these devices can act as
server for the files stored in it.
b. Client-Server Network Architecture: In this type of network
architecture, there is one central server and all the nodes are
connected to it. Client is the user's computer which sends the request
to the server using web browser and server responds them by
providing the requested resources.
E. Application-based questions.
1. He can setup a Local Area Network to connect computers in his office.
2. He can use Bluetooth technology to send photographs and songs to his
friend.

73 Computer - 8
Fun Zone
Gaming Activity

Star Topology Mesh Topology


Lab Session Higher Order Thinking Skills Project Work
Do it yourself Satellite Do it yourself

7. Internet Applications
Check Your Learning
a. Text b. Images c. Animation d. Video
EXERCISES
A. Fill in the blanks with the help of words given in the box.
1. Interactive 2. Skype 3. Group Screen Sharing 4. Internet 5. Chat
B. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements.
1. T 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. F 6. F
C. Tick (3) the correct option.
1. a 2. c 3. b 4. a 5. c
D. Answer the following questions.
1. Multimedia is a term which is used to describe how multiple means of
media like text, audio, video, graphics and animation are used to
communicate the information. It is helpful in understanding the
information at a faster way. Webpages often contain multimedia
elements of different types and formats. The web has become a broadcast
medium where one can listen to audio and enjoy video, both pre-recorded
and live.
The various examples of multimedia conveying information are:
Newspaper, Television, radio, Internet
2. RSS expands to Rich Site Summary or Really Simple Syndication. It is a type
of web feed which allow a user to access updates to online content in a
standardized format. RSS works by having the website author maintain a
list of notification on the website in a specified way. This list is called RSS
Feed. Users can keep track of updates by simply checking the list. Each
item in RSSS Feed consists of a simple title briefly describing the updated
content along with a complete description and a link to a webpage having
actual information. RSS Aggregations have been developed to access
these feeds and organize the results for the users.
3. Skype is an IP telephony service provider that offers free calling service. It
includes telephone calls, file transfer, texting, video chat and video
conferencing. A video call can be made which involves as many as 25people
Computer - 8 74
at once using Group Video Call feature of Skype. Users can also share their
computer screen with others using Group Screen Sharing feature. It
provides translation in 8 languages for voice calls and more than 50
languages for instant messaging. The two basic requirements to use this
software are:
a. Fast Internet with sufficient bandwidth
b. A speaker and microphone
4. Real Time Communication is the text, audio and video communication
that happen in real time on the web. It allows people to conference and
collaborate in real time. The various tools used in real-time communication
are:
a. Chat: Sending text messages in real time.
b. Audio: Conducting a telephone conversation on web.
c. Video: Viewing your audience.
d. File transfer: Sending files back and forth among participants.
e. Document/application sharing: Viewing and using a program on
another's desktop machine.
5. Blog is an online discussion or informational website displaying information
in reverse chronological order. It is a platform where a writer can share his
ideas and views on an individual subject. A person who posts his blogs is
known as blogger. Reader's can add comments to the blogger's postings,
and others can respond and a conversation ensues. Posts are typically
displayed in reverse chronological order, so the most recent post appears
first at the top of the webpage.
The various uses of blogs are:
a. Blogs can be used as personal diary for people to share their personal
experience, views, thoughts and contents.
b. Blogs can be used to communicate the activities and events within the
company.
c. Blogs can be used by the businesses to engage with the audience at an
informal level.
d. It helps the bloggers to build a network of followers who are most likely
to refer them to others.
E. Application-based questions.
1. Ankit can write a poem and post it in blog which can be seen by other users.
2. Harshit can use Skype to conduct a video conference.
Fun Zone
Gaming Activity
1. Text 2. Audio 3. Video 4. Graphics 5. Animation
Lab Session
Do it yourself
Higher Order Thinking Skills
1. a. WeChat b. Google Hangouts
2. Do it yourself
3. a. FileZilla b. WeTransfer c. Cyberduck d. Transmit
Project work
Do it yourself
75 Computer - 8
8. Cloud Computing
Check Your Learning
1. Sync.com 2. pCloud 3. Icedrive
EXERCISES
A. Fill in the blanks with the help of words given in the box.
1. Cloud Drive 2. Windows 3. Cloud 4. Flexibility 5. Dropbox
B. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements.
1. T 2. F 3. T 4. F
C. Tick (3) the correct option.
1. a 2. c 3. a 4. a 5. c
D. Answer the following questions.
1. Cloud Computing is a software infrastructure which facilitates the users to
store the data on remote servers which can be accessed through internet
connection. It facilitates users to access various technological services
such as computing storage, computing power, networking, servers,
intelligence and databases. It enables users to access the data by sitting at
any place provided that the user must have an internet connection.
2. Frontend is the foreground part of the cloud computing where client uses
computers, network, application software and other means to access data
over the internet.
Backend is the background part of the cloud computing where servers,
computers, data storage systems, programs and other means are used to
provide the cloud computing services to its users.
3. There are two parts of cloud computing: Frontend and Backend. Frontend
is the foreground part of the cloud computing where client uses
computers, network, application software and other means to access data
over the internet. Backend is the background part of the cloud computing
where servers, computers, data storage systems, programs and other
means are used to provide the cloud computing services to its users.
Internet is used to connect frontend to backend. The client can access the
cloud-based services using internet.
CLIENT Side Infrastructure
Frontend

Internet

Application

Management Service Security Backend

Storage

Cloud Storage is a place where you can store data and information,
application and other computing resources which can be accessed by the
user with an internet connection.
Computer - 8 76
4. Google Drive is file storage and synchronisation service provided by
Google. It is a cloud-based storage solution where users can store their
files on cloud and access them from anywhere using any device like
laptop, tablet or smart phone.
OneDrive is a cloud-based service which is provided by Windows and all
the authorized Microsoft users can access this service. It allows users to
store and share the data on cloud such as images, videos, audios, text
documents etc.
5. Dropbox is a cloud-based storage service which is provided by American
company, Dropbox Inc. It allows its users to store documents and files on
cloud and sync them to the user's devices. These files can be accessed by
users through its application or website.
6. iCloud is a cloud service provided by Apple. It allows its users to securely
store photos, files, notes, passwords and other data in the cloud which can
be accessed from any Apple device like iPhone, iPad, iPod etc. All the
Apple users get 5GB of Apple iCloud storage space free of cost.
7. Amazon Cloud Drive is a cloud storage service provided by Amazon. It
allows its users to store their documents, photos, videos, etc. on cloud and
access them with internet connection. It provides 5GB of cloud storage
for free for everyone who has an Amazon account.
8. Strongspace is a cloud storage service which is provided by ExpanDrive. It
can be used to store, collect, backup and share files on the platform. It
helps synchronize the files from one location to another and thus
minimizing data transfer. It offers high level of security to its users.
E. Application-based questions.
1. Sneha can store her data on cloud which makes it easy for her to access it
wherever she goes.
2. Apple iCloud is a cloud storage service provided by Apple for all the Apple
users which can be used by Amandeep to store the confidential
information. It is secure to use.
F. Create a diagram to show the working of Cloud Computing.
CLIENT Side Infrastructure
Frontend

Internet

Application

Management Service Security Backend

Storage
Fun Zone
Gaming Activity

Strongspace Dropbox Google Drive


77 Computer - 8
Lab Session
1. Open OneDrive website and sign in to Microsoft account.
2. Browse the location where you want to add the files.
3. Select Upload option.
4. Select the files and click on Open button.
Higher Order Thinking Skills
Do it yourself
Project Work
Do it yourself

9. Control Statement in Python


Check Your Learning
Do it yourself
EXERCISES
A. Fill in the blanks with the help of words given in the box.
1. Pass 2. For 3. Nested 4. Else 5. Continue
B. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements.
1. T 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. F
C. Tick (3) the correct option.
1. c 2. b 3. c 4. c 5. b
D. Answer the following questions.
1. Control statements are used to control the flow of the program. The order
of the execution of the program can be controlled on the basis of values
and logic. Three types of control statements used in Python are:
a. Conditional Statements (Selection Statements)
b. Looping Statements
c. Jumping Statements
2. Selection Statements are the conditional statements which contain some
condition in a program. The output of that condition can either be “True”
or “False”. The statements will be executed depending on the outcome of
the condition. It means if the condition is True, the statements in True
block will get executed and if the condition is False, the statements in False
block will get executed.
The various types of selection statements are if statement, if-else
statement, elif statement and nested if statement.
3. The difference between if statement and if-else statement is given as:
If statement If-else statement
If statement is a conditional If-else statement is a conditional
statement which has no False statement which has False block.
block.
If a condition is True, the If a condition is True, the
statements in True block are statements in True block are
executed. But if the statement is executed. But if the condition is
False, control comes out of if False, the statements in False
statement. block are executed.
Computer - 8 78
If statement If-else statement
Syntax: if condition: Syntax: if condition:
<statements> <statement 1>
else:
<statement 2>
4. When you add an if statement within
another if statement, it is called nested if.
For example: Let us create a program to
find the greatest of three numbers:

5. elif statement is a conditional statement which is used to add multiple


conditions in a program. Firstly, a first condition is checked. If a condition is
True, the statements in True block are executed and control jumps out. If a
condition is False, the next condition will be checked and so on.
Syntax:
if condition 1:
<statement 1>
elif condition 2:
<statement 2>
elif condition 3:
<statement 3>
.
.
else:
<statement n>
For example: Let us create a Python
program to find the greatest of three
numbers.

6. for loop, also known as definite loop executes the set of statements to the
fixed number of times. It is used to iterate over a numeric range or over a
collection of items.
for loop over a numeric range
In this for loop, a range() function is used to specify the range. This
function returns a sequence of numbers starting from “start” value and
increments by 1(by default) and stops before the “end” value.
Syntax of range():
range (start, end, increment)
where,
start: specifies the start value of the sequence
end: specifies the end value of the sequence
increment: used to increment the variable by the specified number
79 Computer - 8
Syntax of for with range():
for item in range(arguments):
statements
for loop using collection of items
for loop can also be used with collection of items which can be in the form
of string, list, tuple or dictionary.
Syntax:
for item in collection:
statements
7. while Statement is used to repeat the set of statements while a given
condition is True. In this loop, a condition is checked. If a condition is True,
the set of statements in the code block are executed and control goes back
to the condition. This process continues until the condition is false.
Syntax:
while condition:
statements
For example: Let us create a Python
program to print a series of odd
numbers.
8. Jumping statements are used to jump the control unconditionally to any
part of the program. There are three types of Jumping statements:
a. break Statement: It is used to terminate the loop and transfers the
control out of the loop.
Syntax: break
b. continue Statement: It is used to skip the remainder of the loop body and
transfers the control to the beginning of the loop for the next iteration.
Syntax: continue
c. pass Statement: It is like a null operation. When this statement is
encountered, nothing happens and the control simply moves to the
next statement to execute it.
E. Application-based questions.
1. Zeenia can use while loop or for loop to print the series.
2. Adil does not need to add any control statement for this in his program.
F. Create a flowchart for if-else statement and while loop.
Flowchart for if-else statement is: Flowchart for while loop is:

Computer - 8 80
Fun Zone
Game Activity
If-else statement while loop
if condition: Syntax:
<Statement 1> while condition:
else: statements
<Statement 2>
Lab Session
Do it yourself
Higher Order Thinking Skills
A list is an ordered data structure with elements separated by commas and
enclosed within square brackets.
Project Work
Do it yourself

10. String in Python


Check Your Learning
Do it yourself
EXERCISES
A. Fill in the blanks with the help of words given in the box.
1. Indexing 2. Slicing 3. Membership 4. Digit 5. Repetition
B. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements.
1. T 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. T
C. Tick (3) the correct option.
1. a 2. b 3. b 4. c 5. b
D. Answer the following questions.
1. A string is defined as a sequence of characters. To define a string, you must
enclose it into single, double or triple quotation mark.
For example: 'This is a string.', “This is a string.”, “' This is a “string.” It can be
enclosed in triple quotation mark.”'
2. Each element of a string can be accessed by its index value. There are two
ways to access string elements:
Ÿ By using positive index value: It is used to access the string elements
from the beginning of the string i.e., from left to right.
Ÿ By using negative index value: It is used to access the string elements
from the end of the string i.e., from right to left.
For example:
String P R O G R A M S

Index from Left to Right 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Index from Right to Left -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1

81 Computer - 8
3. The various string operations are Concatenation, Repetition and
Membersip.
Repetition is a string operation which is used to repeat the string specified
number of times. For this, we can use “*” operator, followed by the
number which tells how many times a string will be repeated.
For example:
Let us print a string “bye” 4 times using Repetition
operation.
4. Slicing is used to access the range of characters from the string.
Syntax:
Str[startIndex:endIndex]
where,
Str : is a string
startIndex: is the index number of the substring from where it starts
endIndex: is the index number of the substring from where it ends
For example:

5. The five built-in string functions are:


Function Syntax
len() len(str)
digits() digits(str)
max() max(str)
min() min(str)
find() find(substr[,beg[,end]])
6. The five string constants are:
String Constants Description Syntax
ascii_uppercase It displays a string in string.ascii_uppercase
uppercase letters.
ascii_lowercase It displays a string in string.ascii_lowercase
lowercase letters.
ascii_letters It displays all the letters string.ascii_letters
whether they are in
uppercase or lowercase.
digit It displays all the digits string.digit
in a string.
punctuation It displays all the string.punctuation
punctuation characters
in a string.
Computer - 8 82
E. Application-based questions.
1. Abhijit can use concatenation operation to join two strings in Python.
2. Saisha can use membership operation to find out whether a string exits in
another string.
Fun Zone
Game activity
1. Replace() 2. Capitalize() 3. Lower() 4. Max()
Lab Session
Do it yourself
Higher Order Thinking Skills
1. The various application areas of RPA include banking, insurance, finance,
healthcare and telecommunications.
2. A tuple is an immutable data structure which is used to represent fixed
collections of items.
To create a tuple in Python, place all the items inside parentheses (),
separated by commas.
For example: t = (1, 2, 3)
Project Work
Do it yourself

11. Artificial Intelligence


Check Your Learning
1. Voice assistants 2. Fraud prevention
3. Personalized shopping 4. Autonomous vehicles
Check Your Learning
Do it yourself
EXERCISES
A. Fill in the blanks with the help of words given in the box.
1. AI 2. Computer Vision 3. NLP 4. HMI 5. Human 6. Machine
B. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements.
1. F 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. T 6. F
C. Tick (3) the correct option.
1. a 2. c 3. b 4. a 5. b
D. Answer the following questions.
1. Artificial Narrow Intelligence, or Weak AI, is a program which is designed
to perform a narrow task. These systems are able to process data and
complete tasks at a significantly quicker pace than any human being can
and thus improve overall productivity, efficiency and quality of life.
For example: facial recognition, internet searches etc.
2. Three uses of AI in daily life are:
Ÿ Maps and directions: When apps like Google Maps calculate traffic and
construction work in order to find the quickest route to your
destination, that's AI at work.
Ÿ Ride Sharing apps: Ride sharing service like Uber and Ola uses AI to
determine how long it will take to get from your location to destination.
83 Computer - 8
Ÿ Music Recommendation: Music services use AI to track your listening
habits. Then, they use this information to suggest other songs you
might like to hear.
3. Smart personal assistants are the AI-powered devices which accept the
voice commands and perform the functions. These devices are able to
create a to-do list, set reminders, perform internet searches, integrate
with your calendar, order items online, answer questions, make voice
calls, play music, send text messages, order a pizza, and much more.
Some of the commonly used personal assistants are Alexa, Echo, Cortana,
Siri and Google Assistant.
4. Computer Vision is a field of artificial intelligence that trains computers to
interpret and understand the visual world.
Using digital images from cameras and videos and deep learning models,
machines can accurately identify and classify objects – and then react to
what they “see.”
5. Chatbot is a computer program which is designed to simulate conversation
with human users, especially over the internet. It communicates with us
through text messages, a virtual companion that integrate into websites
or messengers and helps entrepreneurs to get closer to their customers.
E. Application-based questions.
1. To locate a place on Google Maps, go to the link “www.google.co.in/maps”.
Type the name of the place which you want to search in Search box. It will
open the map and you can see the details and explore more. AI can be
used to get the Live View of the location. It uses global localisation
technology to scan tens of billions of Street View images which are used to
understand a person's orientation.
2. You can use Google Maps app to find the route to the location. For this,
open Google Maps app in your mobile phone. Type the destination
location and search for the route, it will find the best possible route to the
destination location.
3. Google makes predictions on the basis of the common queries that match
what someone starts to enter into the search box.
4. AI detects anomalies like a person entering a restricted area or unusual
behaviour and reports it to the system.
Fun Zone
Game Activity
1. Image and facial recognition systems 2. Chatbots
3. Self-driving vehicles 4. Recommendation engines
5. Digital Voice assistants
Lab Session
Do it yourself
Higher Order Thinking Skills
Human Machine Interaction (HMI) is all about how people and automated
systems interact and communicate with each other. It requires an interface like
some action by which a user engages with the machine. The devices are either
controlled directly or the systems automatically identify what people want. For
example: traffic lights change colour on their own when a vehicle drives over the
inductive loop in the road's surface.
Computer - 8 84
Project Work
1. Human-Machine Interaction 2. Computer Vision
3. Artificial General Intelligence 4. Machine Language
5. Internet of Things 6. Natural Language Processing

12. Latest Technology


Check Your Learning
1. Biomedical Implants 2. Educational Materials
3. Custom-Fitted Personal Products
EXERCISES
A. Fill in the blanks with the help of words given in the box.
1. Artificial Intelligence 2. 3D Printing 3. RPA
4. Advanced 5. IoT
B. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements.
1. T 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. F
C. Tick (3) the correct option.
1. b 2. c 3. a 4. b 5. b
D. Answer the following questions.
1. Edge Computing is defined as a range of networks and devices which are
near the user. The data is processed closer to where it is generated.
Benefits of Edge Computing:
Ÿ Quick Response Time • Reduce the expenditure
Ÿ Provides data safety and privacy • Easy to maintain
Disadvantages of Edge Computing:
Ÿ Purpose and Scope of Edge Computing is limited
Ÿ Requires strong connectivity to process data
Ÿ Security loopholes
2. Application areas of Edge Computing are:
Ÿ Autonomous Vehicles: Edge computing devices can collect data from
vehicles sensors and cameras, process it and make decisions in
milliseconds.
Ÿ Traffic Management Systems: Edge Computing helps in adjusting timing
of traffic signals, manage the opening and closing of extra traffic lanes
and take other real time actions to improve safety and convenience.
Ÿ Green Technology: Cities and smart grid systems are using edge
computing to monitor buildings and facilities for greater efficiency in
lighting, heating, clean energy etc.
Ÿ Healthcare: Edge Computing with AI and machine learning provide
real-time data so that medical professionals can respond to the health
needs in real-time.
3. Internet of Things is defined as all the computing devices that are
connected to each other through the internet. It is a network of devices
and objects connected together and embedded with internet connectivity,
software, sensors and other technologies. It facilitates communication
and exchange of data with other devices over the internet.
85 Computer - 8
4. The various uses of IoT are:
Ÿ Production: IoT-enable smart machines are able to monitor
themselves and anticipate possible production hurdles.
Ÿ Supply Chain: With the help of IoT, orders can automatically replace
the stock whenever required and therefore, the smooth delivery
across the supply chain is possible.
Ÿ Building Management: IoT helps in enhancing the security system of
the building with smart devices.
Ÿ Healthcare: The medical professionals are able to monitor their
patients remotely.
5. 3D Printing is the process of creating a three-dimensional solid-objects
from a three-dimensional digital model, by laying down the thin layers of
material in succession.
Types of 3D Printing:
There are two types of 3D Printing: Additive Manufacturing and Subtractive
Manufacturing
Ÿ Additive Manufacturing: It is the process of generating a 3D object by
building it one layer at a time.
Ÿ Subtractive Manufacturing: It is the process of generating 3D objects
by cutting the material from a block of solid material and therefore,
creates a material wastage.
6. Robotic Process Automation is a software technology which is used to
build, deploy and manage software robots. These robots are able to
manage monotonous, lower-value and repetitive tasks such as filling
forms, re-entering data, logging into systems, copy/paste jobs, etc. These
robots have a capability to learn and imitate human actions to interact
with other digital systems and software. It performs tasks much faster and
with full reliability and accuracy than humans.
E. Application-based questions.
1. A chatbot is a computer program which is designed to simulate
conversation with human users over the internet.
2. Yes, smart home uses the technology based on IoT. It is used to connect all
the smart devices which are controlled from a central device.
F. Draw a diagram to show the working of Internet of Things. Explain it in brief.
The IoT devices includes some hardware
such as sensors which gathers the data and
share the data on cloud and integrated
with software. The software analyses the
data and transmit it through an app or
website.
Fun Zone
Game Activity RPA

Robotic Process Automation


An entity which has A sequence of steps that lead Tasks that happens
the capability to mimic to a meaningful activity of automatically (without
human actions. task is called a process. human interaction).
Computer - 8 86
Lab Session
Do it yourself
Higher Order Thinking Skills
Advantages of Additive Manufacturing:
Ÿ Creating lightweight parts and assemblies
Ÿ Waste reduction
Ÿ Inventory stock reduction
Ÿ Decreasing energy consumption
Disadvantages of Additive Manufacturing
Ÿ Initial start-up cost is high
Ÿ Post processing requirements
Ÿ Material limitations
Advantages of Subtractive Manufacturing
Ÿ Wide variety of material can be processed
Ÿ Large size objects can be fabricated
Ÿ Processes are faster
Disadvantages of Subtractive Manufacturing
Ÿ Material wastage
Ÿ Process planning is mandatory
Ÿ Cannot alter volumetric density of building material
Project Work
Do it yourself
Test Paper 1
EXERCISES
A. Tick (3) the correct options.
1. b 2. b 3. b 4. a 5. a 6. c
B. Fill in the blanks.
1. Tree 2. Canvas 3. PAN 4. Online shopping 5. Internal
C. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statement.
1. F 2. T 3. T 4. T 5. F
D. Answer the following questions.
1. The difference between Wired and Wireless Network are:
Wired Network Wireless Network
1. It uses physical mode for It does not use cables for
communication which communication. It is made up of
consists of cables. electromagnetic waves or
infrared waves.
2. The speed of operation is The speed of operation is lower.
higher. But the advanced wireless
technologies have achieved speed
par equivalent to wired network.

87 Computer - 8
Wired Network Wireless Network
3. The system bandwidth is high. The system bandwidth is low.
4. The cost of wired technology The cost of wireless technology is
is less because cables are not high because it needs wireless
expensive. routers, access points, subscriber
stations and adapters which are
expensive.
5. The installation of wired The installation of wireless
network is cumbersome and network is easy and requires less
requires more time. time.

2. Image is inserted to an HTML document by using <img> tag. It is an empty


tag which does not has an ending tag. src is a mandatory attribute used
with <img> tag.
Syntax: <imgsrc=”Complete path of an image”>
The various attributes of <img> tag are:
a. Height: Height attribute is used to define the height of an image in
pixels or percentage.
b. Weight: Weight attribute is used to define the width of an image in
pixels or percentage.
c. Float: This attribute is used to align an image to the left or right of the
text.
d. Alt: This attribute is used to display the alternative text in case image is
not displayed in a web page due to any reason.
3. Foreground color is the main color which can be seen on the canvas when
something is drawn with the help of brush tool or pencil tool.
Background color is the color of the last layer in an image. The background
color can be seen in an image, when you erase it using an Eraser tool. It
removes any added color and replaces it with background color.
4. Eraser tool is used to erase something in a drawing in Photoshop. When
you drag mouse over the drawing to erase it, it fills the background colour
on the drawing. To erase a drawing,
Ÿ Click on Eraser tool.
Ÿ Select the size and other options of the tool.
Ÿ Choose the Background colour.
Ÿ Drag the mouse pointer over the picture.
5. Social Networking apps are those apps which helps you to connect other
people around the world through internet. You can send and receive
messages, share your images and videos, chat with other people through
these apps. Some of the commonly used social networking apps are:
Ÿ WhatsApp: It is used on mobile devices for chatting. It can be used to
send and receive text messages, share images, audio, videos, text
documents, PDFs, location and to make video or voice calls.

Computer - 8 88
Ÿ Facebook: It is the most commonly used social networking app which
is used to upload and share photos, videos, communicate through
chat, voice calls, video calls, make new friends, and do a lot more.
Ÿ LinkedIn: This app is mainly used by professionals because it provides
business and employment-oriented service.
Ÿ Snapchat: It can be used for person-to-person photo sharing. It is used
for sharing photos, videos, text and drawings.
E. Define the following.
1. Google Play Store: A Google Play Store is a built-in app store for devices
running on Google's android operating system.
2. Ribbon: A ribbon consists of tabs and groups of options.
3. Lasso tool: Lasso tool is a selection tool which is used to make free hand
selections.
4. Google Maps : Google Maps is web-based service and mobile app that
provides detailed information about geographical regions and sites
around the world.
5. Wireless Modem: A wireless modem is a device which provides over-the-
air data transmission.
Test Paper 2
EXERCISES
A. Tick (3) the correct options.
1. a 2. c 3. c 4. c 5. b 6. b
B. Fill in the blanks.
1. For 2. Human 3. Interactive 4. Chat 5. Software
C. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statement.
1. T 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. T
D. Answer the following questions.
1. Control statements are used to control the flow of the program. The order
of the execution of the program can be controlled on the basis of values
and logic. Three types of control statements used in Python are:
a. Conditional Statements (Selection Statements)
b. Looping Statements
c. Jumping Statements
2. Edge computing is defined as a range of networks and devices which are
near the user. The data is processed closer to where it is generated.
3. While Statement is used to repeat the set of statements while a given
condition is True. In this loop, a condition is checked. If a condition is True,
the set of statements in the code block are executed and control goes back
to the condition. This process continues until the condition is false.
4. Artificial Narrow Intelligence or Weak AI is a program which is designed to
perform a narrow task. These systems are able to process data and
complete tasks at a significantly quicker pace than any human being can
and thus improve overall productivity, efficiency and quality of life.
For example: facial recognition, internet searches etc.
89 Computer - 8
5. RSS expands to Rich Site Summary or Really Simple Syndication. It is a type
of web feed which allow a user to access updates to online content in a
standardized format. RSS works by having the website author maintain a
list of notification on the website in a specified way. This list is called RSS
feed. Users can keep track of updates by simply checking the list. Each item
in RSSS feed consists of a simple title briefly describing the updated
content along with a complete description and a link to a webpage having
actual information. RSS Aggregations have been developed to access
these feeds and organize the results for the users.
E. Define the following.
1. Cloud Computing is a software infrastructure which facilitates the users to
store the data on remote servers which can be accessed through internet
connection.
2. Google Drive is file storage and synchronisation service provided by
Google. It is a cloud-based storage solution where users can store their
files on cloud and access them from anywhere using any device like
laptop, tablet or smart phone.
for loop, also known as definite loop, executes the set of statements to the
fixed number of times. It is used to iterate over a numeric range or over a
collection of items.
3. Blog is an online discussion or informational website displaying information
in reverse chronological order.
4. Multimedia is used to describe how multiple means of media like text,
audio, video, graphics and animation are used to communicate the
information.

Computer - 8 90

You might also like