I. Look at the pictures and write the clusters /sk/, /sp/ or /st/.

1. cri___s 2. ___i 3. ___eed 4. ___ars

5. ___eak 6. ___ider 7. de___ 8. co___ume

9. fe___ival 10. ba___et 11. ___ilt house 12. ___irt

13. ___ort 14. ___icky rice 15. we___ 16. __ating

II. Underline the correct option. This may include a space (–) for zero article.
1. Vietnam is a/an/ the multiethnic country with 54 ethnic groups.
2 The Viet (Kinh) people account for 87% of a / the / – country’s population.
3. Chaul Chnam Thmey is a/ an/ the celebration of New Year by Khmers.
4 Folk singing of the Bru-Van Kieu is popular, particularly cha chap and sim,
the / a / an alternating chant between young men and women.
5 Ancestor worship is the / a / – most important religious activity among the Bru-
Van Kieu.
6. The La Ha grow the/ – /a cotton but do not weave.
7. The Rong house of the Xo Dang is a / an / the big stilt house with a high roof
which looks like a/an/ the axe.
8. The young Co Ho women play an / a / the active role in marriage.
9. The Ba Na are one of the / a / an oldest ethnic minority groups living in a / – /
the Central Highlands.
10.The / A / – right of inheritance in Ede families is only for the / – / a daughters.
11.Y Phon lives in the city, but his family still live in a / the /–small village in a / –
/ the mountains.
12.A / The /– M’Nong live in houses built on the / – /a stilts or level with a/ – /the
ground.
III. Complete the sentences with a, an or the.
1. ___________ number of ethnic minorities had mastered some farming
techniques.
2. The Kinh or Viet is ___________ largest group, accounting for 86 percent of
___________ population of Vietnam.
3. The Thai have ___________ population of over one million people, account
forapproximately 1.8% of ___________ Vietnamese population.
4. Dao women usually wear ___________ long blouse with ___________ dress
or trousers.
5. Mua sap is ___________ folk dance of ___________ Muong.
6. The Raglai have __________ musical instrument made of bamboo called
__________ chapi.
7. S’tieng is ___________ ethnic group living mostly in ___________
southern provincesof Vietnam.
8. Gathering and hunting still play ___________ important role in
___________ economy of the Laha.
9. Vietnam has 54 ethnic groups and more than 40 of __________ groups living in
__________ highlands.
10.When eating is finished, the Dao have ___________ tradition that they never
put down the chopsticks on ___________ bowl.
IV. Complete the sentence with the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. Many ethnic groups managed to live together ___________. (peace)
2. How often is the Gong Festival ___________? (celebrate)
3. The ___________ of people in Vietnam belong to the Kinh people. (major)
4. The ___________ house is the place where village ceremonies and festivals
take place. (commune)
5. ___________ is a traditional folk art of the Miao people. (embroider)
6 Five-coloured sticky rice is a traditional ___________ of Tay people.
(special)
7. H’mong people live in the northern ___________ region of Vietnam.
(mountain)
8. The Tai are known for their ___________ garments and their houses on stilts.
(weave)
9. The ___________ you can find in Sapa include the Hmong, Dao, and Tay.
(ethnic)
10.Muong people are ___________ more closely related to the Tai people.
(culture)
V. Complete the dialogue with the appropriate phrases or sentences (A - J).

A.Exactly.
B.Yes. But they also live in earthen houses, and half stilt-half earth houses.
C.They mostly live in the northern provinces.
D.Let’s go.
E. Hi, Thao! I’m reading about Nung people.
F.It’s growing wet rice.
G.OK, thanks. Look at this note and ask me about this ethnic group.
H.A lot. And I must learn by heart.
I. They celebrate many festivals in a year, but “Lung Tung" is the most famous one.
J.About 1 million people.

Thao: Hi, Phong! What are you reading?

Phong:___________________________________________________________(1)
Thao: Oh, I see. You’ll give a lecture on ethnic minorities, won’t you?
Phong:___________________________________________________________(2)
Thao: What have you learned so far?
Phong:___________________________________________________________(3)
Thao: Let me help you to revise it.
Phong:___________________________________________________________(4)
Thao: Well, where do the Nung live?
Phong:___________________________________________________________(5)
Thao: What is the population of the Nung?
Phong:___________________________________________________________(6)
Thao: Do they live in stilt houses?
Phong:___________________________________________________________(7)
Thao: What is their main source of living?
Phong:___________________________________________________________(8)
Thao: How many festivals do they have in a year?
Phong:___________________________________________________________(9)
Thao: All correct! You did study hard. Take a rest. Let’s go out for a drink.
Phong:__________________________________________________________(10)
VI. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from
the others.
1. a. school b. skull c. scenery d. sky
2. a. visited b. recommended c. wanted d. hoped
3. a. important b. boring c. minor d. northern
4. a. community b. custom c. costume d. museum
5. a. ethnic b. gather c. though d. clothing
VII. Complete the sentences with the suitable words.

1. Cong-Chieng, or ________, is a musical instrument made of

bronze.

2. Five-coloured ________ ________ is an important dish of

almost allethnic minorities.

3. The Rong house of the Xo Dang is a big ________

________ with a high roof.

4. Hmong farmers have been growing rice on the ________

________ for hundreds of years.

5. The Xoe dance is one of the most popular ________

________ of the Thai ethnic group.

6. Black Thai women wear the ________ with colourful

embroidery called ‘khan pieu’.

7. My Son Sanctuary includes Cham ________ in a valley

about 2 km in diameter, surrounded by hills.

8. Hoa Ban ________ takes place on March, when orchids and

peach blossom everywhere in the north-western region.

VIII. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.

1. The Dao in the Sapa area is famous ________ its “love market.”
a. for b. in c. with d. to
2. The Thai live ________ farming on their burnt-over land and wet-rice terraced
fields.
a. in b. on c. out d. up
3. The ________ house is a place where villagers gather for festivals and rituals.
a. terraced b. splendid c. communal d. thatched
4. There were lots of interesting folk games, _______ Kenny stayed a little longer
to join them.
a. but b. because c. however d. so
5. ‘________ dress in red and black costume?’ ‘The Dao’
a. What b. Which c. Who d. When
6. What colour is ________ symbol of good luck for the Hoa?
a. a b. an c. - d. some
7. ________ in terraced fields is the main economic activity of ethnic people in
Sapa.
a. Fishing b.Rice cultivation c. Hunting d.Gathering
8. ________ ethnic Khmer live in ________ Mekong Delta of Vietnam.
a. The / - b.The / a c.A / the d. The / the
9. The Vietnam Museum of Ethnology ________ by the architect Ha Duc Linh, a
memberof the Tay ethnic group.
a. designed b. has designed c. was designed d. was designing
10.‘I have just taken an elephant ride in Buon Don.’ ‘________ How interesting!’
a. Certainly. b.Really? c.Terrible. d. Exactly.
IX. Choose the underlined word or phrase, A, B, C or D that needs
correcting.
1. Most ethnic groups live in rural areas, growing rice and practising slash-and-
burn farm.
A B C D
2. The Muong people are the ethnic minority who live in the mountainous regions
of Vietnam.
A B C D
3. We have recently visited some of the remote communities in the north
highlands.
A B C D
4. Youth Ngai women did not receive the inheritance after their parents died.
A B C D
5. The Ta Oi managed preserving their proverbs, folk songs, and stories.
A B C D
6. Another typical musical instrument of the Raglai is the flat gong called Ma La.
A B C D
7. I want to visit the Vietnam Museum of Ethnology to learn for 54 ethnic
minority groups.
A B C D
8. Xo Dang men are good at architecture, sculpting, and paint.
A B C D
X. Read the text carefully, then answer the questions.
Vietnam is a multiethnic country with 54 ethnic groups. The Viet (Kinh) people
account for 87% of the country’s population and mainly inhabit the Red River
delta, the central coastal delta, the Mekong delta and major cities. The other 53
ethnic minority groups, totaling over 8 million people, are scattered over mountain
areas spreading from the North to the South. Among ethnic minorities, the most
populated are Tay, Thai, Muong, Hoa, Khmer, Nung... with a population of around
1 million each; while the least populated are Brau, Roman, Odu with several
hundred people each.
The main economic activity of most ethnic peoples is wet rice cultivation. A
number of ethnic minorities had mastered some farming techniques. They grew
rice plants in swamped paddy fields and carried out irrigation. Others go hunting,
fishing, collecting and live a semi-nomadic life. Each group has its own culture
that is diverse and special. Beliefs and religions of the Vietnamese ethnic minority
groups are also disparate from each other.
1. How many ethnic groups are there in Vietnam?
______________________________________________________________
2. Where do the Kinh people mostly live?
______________________________________________________________
3. What is the population of the Tay?
______________________________________________________________
4. Which ethnic groups have the smallest population?
______________________________________________________________
5. What do most ethnic peoples mainly live on?
______________________________________________________________
6. Do the ethnic minority groups have the same culture, religion and belief?
______________________________________________________________
7. How is the culture of each ethnic group?
______________________________________________________________
XI. Reorder the words to make sentences.
1. country/ with/ Vietnam/ 54/ is/ multiethnic/ a/ groups/ ethnic.
______________________________________________________________
2. minorities/ make/ population/ Ethnic/ up/ 15 percent/ of/ the/ of/ about/
Vietnam 3
______________________________________________________________
3. Most/ live/ of/ ethnic/ in/ minorities/ the/ the/ areas/ in/ north/ the/ mountainous.
______________________________________________________________
4. Vietnam/ Tay/ second/ the/ largest/ are/ the/ ethnic/ in/ group.
______________________________________________________________
5. are/ The/ known/ Nung/ including/ music and poetry/ for/ folk-art/ richness/
traditions/ their/ of.
______________________________________________________________
6. people/ a/ The/ Dao/ language/ speak/ Hmong-Dao/ of/ language system.
______________________________________________________________
7. not/ as/ The/ Nung/ costume/ is/ colourful/ of/ the/ as/ that/ of/ ethnic/ other/
groups.
______________________________________________________________
8, The/ Ede/ built/ on/ live/ in/ stilts/ in/ wooden/ villages/ longhouses/ as/ buon/
known.
____________________________________________________
XII. Complete the sentences with the correct form or tense of the verbs in
the box.
respect wrap worship pass take reflect reunite break

1. She ___________ the present in red paper and tied it with yellow ribbon.
2. All students should ___________ their teachers.
3. The culture of xoe dancing ___________. Thai people’s lifestyle and culture.
4. We decided ___________ with tradition and go away for Tet holidays.
5. In my family the tradition that has been ___________ down is eating together
every Sunday.
6. Almost every Vietnamese household sets an altar ___________ their ancestors.
7. It is considered very impolite not _________ off your shoes before entering a
house in Japan.
8. Lots of people come back ___________ their families during Tet holiday.
XIII. Write the second sentence, using should or shouldn’t and the words
given.
1. White and black are colours of funeral in Vietnam. (you/ wear/ white or black
clothes/ the first days/ the New Year)
_________________________________________________________________
2. The Japanese take punctuality seriously. (we/ arrive/ on time)
_________________________________________________________________
3. Respecting old people is our tradition. (you/ say “hi”/ when/ meet/ old people)
_________________________________________________________________
4. In India, food isn’t seen clean once it touches your plate. (you/ never/ offer/ the
food in your plate/ anyone)
_________________________________________________________________
5. In Thailand, the head is seen as the most sacred part of the body. (you/ never/
touch/ adult or child/ the head)
_________________________________________________________________
6. Alcohol is not good for your health. (you/ try/ alcohol)
_________________________________________________________________
7. You’ve had that headache for two days. (I/ think/ you/ go/ the doctor)
_________________________________________________________________
8. It’s not good for you to sit still for long and look at a screen. (you/ watch TV/
use the Internet/ for long)
_________________________________________________________________
XIV. Underline the correct form.
1. Children must / have to start school when they are five.
2. In many countries, you should / must wear a seat belt in the car - it’s the law.
3. I know you like sugar but you shouldn’t / don’t have to eat quite so much - it’s
bad for you.
4. I’m not working tomorrow, so I mustn’t / don’t have to get up early.
5. The manager suggested that we have to / should try to find another hotel.
6. Kids should / have to wear a life vest. That’s bur regulation.
7. You mustn’t / don’t have to smoke in here; smoking isn’t allowed in the airport.
8. You must / should hand in your homework on Tuesday or your mark will be
zero.
9. You have to / don’t have to dress up for the party. Wear whatever you feel
comfortable in.
10.You should / have to ask the teacher to help you if you don’t understand the
lesson.
XV. Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answers.
GIFT-GIVING CUSTOMS IN VIETNAM
Gift giving is important in Vietnam because of the significance of interpersonal
relationships in Vietnamese culture.
 First and foremost, do not encourage corruption. There is a clear cut between
gift-giving and bribery. Nevertheless, it is common in Vietnam for exchanging
small gifts on certain occasions such as anniversary, Tet holiday... to express your
respect, love, appreciation or gratitude.
Gift-giving customs depend on the context. If it is a private gift for one
Vietnamese partner you should give the gift at a private occasion. If you have a gift
for the whole officeor company, you should give it after the business meeting with
the whole office’s employee.
Do not wrap a gift in the black paper because this colour is unlucky and
associated with funerals in Vietnam. Gifts that symbolize cutting such as scissors,
knives and other sharp objects should be avoided because they mean the cutting of
the relationship.
Vietnamese may or may not open these gifts when they are received; leave the
option to them. You will also receive gifts and should defer to your host as to
whether youshould open it when received or not. Regardless of when it is opened
or what it is, profuse thanks are always appropriate.
1. According to the passage, why is gift giving important in Vietnam?
a.Because it helps to establish a friendship.
b.Because it’s common in Vietnamese culture.
c.Because it’s the best way to build up a stable relationship.
d.Because personal relationships play a vital role in Vietnamese culture.
2. Which of the followings should not be a reason for gift giving?
a. Toshowappreciation b. To bribesomebody
c. To express gratitude d. To show affection
3. Whengiving a gift, you should ______________.
a. wrap it in black or white paper
b. give it in the business meeting
c.never give sharp objects, such as knives or scissors
d.avoid giving it at a private occasion
4. When receiving a gift, you should ______________.
a. always say “thank you? b. try to find what is it
c. open it in front of the giver d. ask your host to open it
5. Whichofthe following is NOT true about gift giving customs in Vietnam?
a.Gift giving is a good way of strengthening relationships.
b.Gifts for your partners should be given at private occasions.
c.You should avoid giving anything sharp.
d.It is considered rude not to open the gift in front of the giver.
XVI. Put the words in order to make sentences.
1. If/ a/ should/ Vietnamese home/ bring/ invited/ to/ gift/ you/ a/ small
_________________________________________________________________
2. as/ custom/ ojigi/ bowing/ in/ Known/ is/ important/ Japan/ an
_________________________________________________________________
3. greeting/ shake hands/ when/ saying/ The Vietnamese/ and/ both/ when/ good-
bye
_________________________________________________________________
4. don’t/ wear/ a/ You/ tie/ to/ have to/ dinner party/ if/ want to/ you/ don’t/ a
_________________________________________________________________
5. taking off/ when/ house/ a/ It’s/ entering/ the Japanese/ shoes/ custom/ of
_________________________________________________________________
6. follow/ cleaning/ the tradition/ the house/ Do/ before/ we/ of/ have to/ Tet?
_________________________________________________________________
7. We/ together/ on/ have/ dinner/ a/ family/ of/ eating/ New Year’s Eve/ tradition.
_________________________________________________________________
8. wear/ occasions/ special/ on/ women/ Vietnamese/ ao dai/ usually
_________________________________________________________________
XVII.Complete each sentence with a suitable word.
1. Good table ____________ make for a more pleasant meal!
2. Many family ____________ have been passed down through generations.
3. We are Christian, so our family has the ____________ of giving presents at
Christmas.
4. We decided to ____________ with tradition and have fish for Thanksgiving
dinner.
5. You ____________ touch an adult’s head or shoulders because it’s
disrespectful.
6. Family traditions provide family members with a sense of ____________.
7. Lots of people come ____________ to reunite with their families during the
Obon festival.
8. A typical extended family in Vietnam often includes three ____________;
grandparents, parents, and children.
XVIII. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.
1. There’s a tradition of having parties _________ Christmas.
a. on b.in c. at d. for
2. Generally, rice is served _________ fish, meat, soup and vegetable.
a. to b.as c. in c. with
3. You _________ speak when the teacher is speaking.
a. needn’t b. can’t c. don’t have to d. mustn’t
4. Christmas Eve is the day _________ people in some countries exchange their
presents.
a. that b. which c. when d. what
5. Japanese have developed the custom of eating meals sitting on tatami _______,
not on chairs
a. towels b,prongs c. trays d. mats
6. You have to _________ your hat when going inside the main worship area of
the temple.
a. take off b.puton c. break with d.getout
7. You _________ place your chopsticks on your rice bowl when finished with a
meal. Don’t rest them on the table.
a. shouldn’t b. don’t have to c. should d. mustn’t
8. He _________ a long family tradition of serving the military.
a. followed b.obliged c. reflected d. agreed
9. In the UK, families often celebrate Christmas together, _________ they can
watch each other open their presents!
a.though b.but c. because d. so
10.‘We don’t sweep the floor on the first day of Tet.’ ‘_________ Why?’
a. What a bad day! b. You’re kidding! c. You’re right. d. Spot on!
XIX. Choose the underlined word or phrase, A, B, C or D that needs
correcting.
1. Some people think young people should to follow the tradition of the society.
A B C D
2. According for tradition, the first person to enter the house on New Year’s Eve
bringseither AB
C
good luck or bad luck.
D
3. The traditional Vietnamese wedding is one of the most important ceremony in
Vietnamese A B C
culture.
D
4. The Japanese are familiar with the western custom to eat a turkey dinner for
Christmas.
A B C D
5. In Vietnam the engagement is sometimes considered much important than the
wedding.
A B C D
6. Dressing well is important in South Korea; it is considered a sign of respectful.
A B C D
7. In India, you shouldn’t never use your left hand to eat because it’s considered
disrespectful.
A B C D
8. He asked me anxiously what he has to do when visiting a Vietnamese home.
A B C D
XX. Supply the correct tense and form of the verbs in brackets.
1. Last week, we ____________(have) dinner with a French family.
2. I hate eating with spoon because it____________(cause) trouble when I eat
fish.
3. In the past, ao dai ____________(wear) by both men and women.
4. The speaker ____________(give) a presentation on Vietnamese customs and
traditions right now.
5. She ____________(travel) to six countries since she ____________(start) the
job.
6. Our family __________(have) dinner together every Saturday night. It’s our
family tradition.
7. I hope I ____________(have) a chance to visit your country soon.
8. When in Japan, you should avoid ____________(eat) on the go.
9. I think you should ____________(go) to the doctor. You look terrible.
10.The Japanese tend ____________(use) their mobile phones discreetly when in
public.
XXI. Choose the word which best fits each gap.
Vietnamese people often enjoy sharing a meal with the whole family. The meal
is often shared with loved ones over a lot of (1)___________. They eat from bowls
and use chopsticks and spoons but chopsticks still remain as the most popular
means of eating. Learn how to use chopsticks and how to put them
(2)___________ when not using. For instance, you should place them neatly on the
table or on the bowl when breaking to drink or speak. When finished
(3)___________ a meal, rest your chopsticks on your rice bowl. Sticking the
chopsticks straight up from a bowl of rice is a (4)___________ because it indicates
funeral incense. It is also best to keep in mind that (5)___________ the chopsticks
on the side of a bowl is considered rude.
You should also wait to be seated in the dining table and ask the elders to eat
first(6)___________ this is a mark of honor to them. The women normally sit right
next to the rice cooker to serve rice for the diners. It is a common table
(7)___________ and a sign of affection and care to pick up food for each other.
Before starting the meal, Vietnamese have a catchphrase: “Chúc mọi người ăn
ngonmiệng”. It means “Have a nice meal”. This not only shows your politeness
(8)___________ also your eagerness before enjoying the food.
1. a. laugh b. laughing c. laughed d. laughter
2. a. cleanly b. properly c. easily d. mainly
3. a. to b. by c. with d. up
4. a. taboo b. offence c. disrespect d. crime
5. a. tapping b. kicking c. fitting d. cutting
6. a. although b. because c. as long as d. when
7. a. setting b. dining c. manner d. style
8. a. or b. so c. and d. but
XXII.Read the text carefully, then answer the questions.
BRITISH STRANGE FOOD HABITS
Perhaps you know about some of the food that British people eat, but do you
know about their strange food habits? People from different parts of the UK and
from different classes call their meals by different names. They call the midday
meal, lunch or dinner and the evening meal, dinner, supper or tea. Tea is also
sandwiches, cakes and tea (the drink) at four or five o’clock. What do the British
eat when they want something quick and easy? Baked beans, of course! You must
warm them in a pan and eat them on toast.
Cheddar cheese is so popular in Britain that people run after it down a hill! This
is a very strange English sport. You can see it once a year in Coopers Hill. There
are four races, three for men and one for women. At the start of the race someone
drops a big, round cheese down a very, very steep hill. About 15 racers run and
jump after it. The first person to get to the bottom of the hill gets the cheese.
There is another strange race that the British have. It is a special Pancake Day
race. Only women can run in the race. They must run with a pancake in a frying
pan and throw it in the air three times. After the race, many English families eat
pancakes with lemon juice and sugar.
Be careful if you have Christmas dinner with a British family – some of their
Christmas customs are risky! Be very careful! Eat the Christmas pudding slowly if
you don’t want to eat a coin! When they are making their delicious dessert, British
people put a coin in the mixture. The person who finds the coin in their pudding
will be rich and happy.
1. What do the British call the evening meal?
____________________________________________________________
2. What do the British have with baked beans?
____________________________________________________________
3. How often is the Cheddar cheese sport event held?
____________________________________________________________
4. What is the prize if you win the Cheddar cheese race?
____________________________________________________________
5. Who can take part in a pancake race?
____________________________________________________________
6. Why is it dangerous to eat Christmas pudding?
____________________________________________________________
XXIII. Rewrite the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the
first one.
1. She couldn’t afford to buy the car.
The car is too ________________________________________________
2. I would like you to help me to put the chair away.
Do you mind _________________________________________________
3. If I were you, I wouldn’t sweep the house on the first day of Tet.
You ________________________________________________________
4. Is it really necessary for us to finish the work today?
Do we ______________________________________________________
5. Learning about other cultures is one of my interests.
I’m ________________________________________________________
6. Unless he phones her immediately, he won’t get any information.
If __________________________________________________________
7. It’s very difficult to leave here after such a long time.
It isn’t ______________________________________________________
8. Let’s get together and talk about our presentation before we do it in class.
Why
________________________________________________________________