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Analysis of Data

The document outlines the analysis of data in quantitative research, emphasizing the importance of research design, data gathering instruments, and statistical tools based on research objectives. It details the appropriate statistical tools for descriptive statistics, correlation statistics, and difference tests, depending on the type of data and number of groups involved. The document also provides guidelines for interpreting the strength of relationships based on correlation coefficients.

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Jhylbie Bornales (jhylll)
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6 views

Analysis of Data

The document outlines the analysis of data in quantitative research, emphasizing the importance of research design, data gathering instruments, and statistical tools based on research objectives. It details the appropriate statistical tools for descriptive statistics, correlation statistics, and difference tests, depending on the type of data and number of groups involved. The document also provides guidelines for interpreting the strength of relationships based on correlation coefficients.

Uploaded by

Jhylbie Bornales (jhylll)
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ANALYSIS OF DATA

QUANTITATIVE DESIGN
Analysis of data in quantitative research is based on the
research design proposed by the researcher. To determine the
statistical tool to be used, it is important to consider the objective/s
of the research and the data gathering instrument used.

If the data gathering instrument is properly crafted or chosen


based, and accurately tested for validity and reliability, then it will be
easy to identify the tools to analyze the data.
In general, quantitative research uses
statistics in analyzing the gathered data. In
addition, researchers use visualizations (graphs
and tables) to present data and further
interpret research results.
THREE THINGS WHEN IDENTIFYING THE
STATISTICAL TOOL TO BE USED IN YOUR RESEARCH

What is the objective of your research? (i.e.


describe, relate, differentiate)

What type of data is involved in your


research? (i.e. nominal, ordinal, interval/ratio)

How many groups are being compared or


related? (i.e., 1, 2, 3, or more)
DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
If the aim of your research is simply to describe the
phenomenon, particularly on the level, frequency, trends, etc., the
statistical tool that you should use is Descriptive Statistics,
regardless of variable type and groups.
TYPE OF DATA APPROPRIATE
STATITICAL TOOL/S
For 2 categories: Frequency table,
Nominal Proportion (percentage)

For more than 2 categories: Frequency table,


Proportion (percentage), mode

Ordinal Rank order


Median
Interval Arithmetic Mean

Ratio Mean
CORRELATION STATISTICS

• If the aim of your research is to know the relationship between


variables to explain a phenomenon, the statistical tool that you
should use is Correlation Statistics.

• The type of data is the biggest factor in this analysis, regardless


of the number of groups.
TYPE OF DATA APPROPRIATE
STATITICAL TOOL/S

Nominal Contingency Coefficient


Phi and Cramer’s V
Ordinal Spearman’s Rank
Kendall’s Tau
Interval Pearson’s Product Correlation
The presentation and analysis of findings derived
from the use of the aforementioned statistical tools are
commonly described through the strength of the
relationship observed from the data.
The table shows the strength of relationship based on the
computed correlation coefficient.

Type of Data Strength of Relationship

± .70 or higher Very Strong relationship

± .40 to ± .69 Strong relationship

± .30 to ± .39 Moderate Relationship

± .20 to ± .29 Weak Relationship

± .01 to ± .19 No or negligible Relationship


DIFFERENCE TEST

If the objective o your research problem is to test


hypothesis or find the significant difference between
variables to explain a phenomenon, the statistical tool that
you should use is Difference Statistics.
The type of data and the number of groups compared
are the bases for determining appropriate tool for this kind
of study.
Type of Data Number of Groups Appropriate Statistical Tool/s

Chi-square test
Nominal N/A

2 Wilcoxon
Ordinal
Mann-Whitney Test
3 or more
Kruskall Wallis Test

Interval 2 Independent Sample t-test

3 or more Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)

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