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IMPORTANT DATA/NOTES FROM DATABASE UNIT

The raw facts constitutes data.
Information is the processed or organized form of data.
If data is not correct or accurate, the information obtained by processing such data may not be correct.
A database is a collection of logically related data items stored in an organised manner.
The software that is used to create, update and retrieve data is known as database management system (DBMS).
Base is a free and open source database component of LibreOffice suit.

By minimising data redundancy, chances of inconsistent data being stored is reduced.

This structure of database is known as data model that describes the manner in which data will be stored and
retrieved.
A data model consists of components for describing the data, relationships among them and the constraints that
hold data.
The last step of the Query wizard displays the entire overview of the query.
By default the field names will be displayed as column headers.
A data type refers to the type of data that will be stored in that particular field.
The memory size of a field varies according to its data type.
No arithmetic calculations can be performed on text data.
A table can be created at the time of creating a database or after creating database.
The Table Wizard of Base consists of ready-made tables.
Creating the table using wizard restricts us to use the same fields in the per-designed tables.
Creating tables using Design View gives us more flexibility to do our work.
The upper half of Design view of Table consists of a grid structure with three columns Field Name, Field Type and
Description.
The Field Properties pane is located at the bottom half of the Design View window of Table. It displays the field
properties assigned by the database designer.
Every table must have a primary key that uniquely identifies a record in the table.
To set a composite key, keep the Ctrl key pressed and then click on multiple fields to select them. Thereafter right
click on selected fields and choose Primary Key option from the pop up menu.
Use Tab to move to next field, into the Data sheet view of Table.
Once all the data values are entered for a single record, the cursor moves to the next record.
Record Selector Box is the text box where the currently active record number is displayed.
Navigation Buttons are used to scroll vertically in the table.
Data in a table can be arranged in ascending or descending order. This process of arranging the records in
particular order on any filed is called as sorting.
It is possible to copy, rename, edit and delete the table of database.
The list of tables will be displayed in the Table Area of Database Window.

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If you set up relations between tables, then adding or updating a record in one table reflect the changes in all the related
tables.

Editing a table involves the task such as adding a new field or removing any field in a table or to alter any of the field
properties.

To edit a table, Selecting the Table object in the Table Area of Database Pane,. Right click on the table name and select Edit
option from the pop menu.

The changes, made in the table will not affect the previous records entered in the table

The most important prerequisite for setting a relationship is that there must be a common field(s) between the two tables
to create a relationship.

If you need to set the relationship, It is important to note that the data types of the common field in both the tables must be
same.

Once the relationship between the two tables has been set, the integrity of data will be managed by the DBMS.

The type of relationship between any two tables in a database is based on the number of records that are present in the
transaction table corresponding to the master table.

Three types of relationships can be set up between two tables in a relational database.

In One-to-One relationship one specific record of a master table has one and only one corresponding record in the
transaction table.

One-to-Many relationship This is one of the most common types of relationship.

In One-to-Many relationship, one specific record of the master table has more than one corresponding records in the
related transaction table.

In Many-to-Many relationship, there will be multiple records in the master table that correspond to multiple records in the
transaction table as well.

A relationship can help prevent data redundancy.

Creating relationships between tables restricts the user from entering invalid data in the referenced fields.

Any updation in the master table is automatically reflected in the transaction tables.

In LibreOffice Base, Relationships is exist in Tools menu.

The Relationship Design screen will appear in the middle of the screen.

In Relationship, The line is labelled as ‘l’ on the primary key side and as ‘n’ on the foreign key side.

According to the principle of referential integrity, no unmatched foreign key values should exist in the database.

LibreOffice Base gives us four options to choose to maintain referential integrity.

No action – is the default option. This option states that a user should not be allowed to update or delete any record in the
master table if any related record exists in the transaction table.

Update cascade –option allows the user to delete or update the referenced field but along with it all the related records in
any of the transaction tables will also be deleted or updated.

Set NULL –option assigns NULL value to all the related fields if the master record is deleted or updated.

Set default –option assigns any fixed default value to all the related fields if the master record is deleted or updated.

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By using queries, we are able to retrieve data without going individually through each record in the table(s) and also display
them in desired format.

Using a query, we can retrieve and display data from one or more tables in a database.

Using a query, we can specify the fields that we want to display and also the criterion based on which the records to be
filtered.

The information may be retrieved from a single table or from multiple tables.

The result of the query is displayed in tabular form with field names in columns and the records in rows.

A query can be created in three ways. (i) Using a Wizard (ii) In Design View (iii) In SQL view

SQL Stands for – Structure Query Language

Once the fields are added they can be moved up and down in order by clicking ∧ and ∨ buttons present on the extreme right
of the Query Wizard.

Clicking on » button moves all fields to “Fields in the Query area” and « button moves all the fields back to “Available fields”
area.

The result of the query can be displayed in ascending or descending order of any particular field of the table.

In Select search condition step of Query Wizard, By default the radio button with option Match all of the following is
selected.

Three search conditions can be given at the most in the Query wizard.

‘Match any of the following’ if any one of the given condition are to be matched for filtering the records.

By default, the field names will be displayed as column headers when we run the query.

The last step of the Query wizard displays the entire overview of the query.

When we create a Query using Wizard, the name of the query is Query_Events by default.

A tool-tip is a small piece of text that is displayed when the mouse pointer is placed on a particular control.

Once the query is created, it can be edited in Design view.

Design view is a more flexible method to create a query from either single or a multiple tables of a database.

In Query Design window the Visible Check Box is by default selected.

By default, the data that is displayed as a result of the query is not sorted.

Once the query is designed, click Run Query button on the toolbar or press F5 key.

In the reference of queries, we can also put conditions on groups using the Criterion row.
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A form is an object of the database that has a user friendly interface where data can be entered and seen in an attractive
and easy-to-read format.

Each field control consists of a label and the field value text box.

A label is a piece of text that specifies the data that should be entered in the field value text box.

A field value text box is linked to the respective field in the table.

There are two ways to create a form: • Using a wizard • Using the Design View

The Records toolbar contains the navigation control buttons in the extreme left.

The forms control toolbar contains various tools to add or edit controls on the form.

Using a report we can present the retrieved data in an attractive and customized manner.

We can create a report based on a table or a query or both.

The Report wizard along with two other windows will be displayed. One of the window is Report Builder window and the
other is Add Field dialog box.

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