ST JOSEPH ENGINEERING COLLEGE

MANGALURU, KARNATAKA - 575028

Synopsis Report on

“SignSerenade: Your Voice in Signs”

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the
degree

Bachelor of engineering
in
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND MACHINE LEARNING
Submitted by

BRYAN SOHAN JOHN 4SO21AI011

MANASA SHEREEN D’COSTA 4SO21AI032
MAXON FERNANDES 4SO21AI033
SANCHIA LARA D’SOUZA 4SO21AI050

Under the guidance of

Ms. Gayana M N
Assistant Professor
Department of Intelligent Computing & Business Systems

ST JOSEPH ENGINEERING COLLEGE

Vamanjoor, Mangaluru - 575028
2024-2025
SignSerenade: Your Voice in Signs

Table of Contents
1. Introduction .................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Scope ......................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Purpose ....................................................................................................................... 1
2. Literature Survey ........................................................................................................... 2
2.1 Literature review ....................................................................................................... 2
2.2 Proposed System ........................................................................................................ 8
2.2.1 Why the Chosen Problem is Important ................................................................................ 8
2.2.2 Novel Contributions ........................................................................................ 8
2.2.3 Advancing the State-of-the-Art ...................................................................... 8
2.2.4 How does our approach differ? ....................................................................... 8
2.2.5 Comparison table depicting the findings of the reviewed papers ................... 9
2.2.6 User Interface Requirements........................................................................... 9
3. Overall Description ...................................................................................................... 10
3.1 Product Perspective .................................................................................................. 10
3.2 Product Functions .................................................................................................... 10
3.3 User characteristics .................................................................................................. 10
3.4 Specific Constraints.................................................................................................. 11
3.5 General Constraints .................................................................................................. 11
4. Specific Requirements ................................................................................................. 12
4.1 External Interface Requirements .............................................................................. 12
4.1.1 User Interfaces ................................................................................................... 12
4.1.2 Hardware Interfaces........................................................................................... 12
4.1.3 Software Interfaces ............................................................................................ 12
4.1.4 Communication Interfaces................................................................................. 12
4.2 Functional Requirements.......................................................................................... 13
4.2.1 Performance Requirements ............................................................................... 13
4.2.2 Design Constraints............................................................................................. 13
4.2.3 Any Other Requirements ................................................................................... 13
4.3 Block Diagram ......................................................................................................... 13
5. References ..................................................................................................................... 14

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SignSerenade: Your Voice in Signs

1. INTRODUCTION

SignSerenade: Your Voice in Signs is an innovative platform addressing communication

barriers between signing and non-signing individuals. Utilizing the WLASL dataset, it
offers real-time, bidirectional translation between spoken/written language and American
Sign Language (ASL), facilitating natural communication across various settings.

Complementing its translation capabilities, SignSerenade features an interactive learning

module with video tutorials and instant feedback on users' gestures. This dual approach of
enhanced translation and interactive education aims to improve communication, accelerate
sign language acquisition, and promote greater awareness of sign language as a rich
linguistic system. SignSerenade seeks to create a more inclusive, linguistically diverse
society by breaking down barriers in real-time translation and language learning.

1.1 Scope:
The scope of this project covers the development of a comprehensive platform designed
for facilitating real-time sign language recognition, translation, and learning. The WLASL
dataset will serve as the platform's central training dataset for reliable deep learning models,
with a primary focus on American Sign Language (ASL).
Project Contribution:
• Real-time ASL recognition from video, translating signs into text or speech.
• Interactive ASL learning module with tutorials, quizzes, and feedback.
Benefits to the End User:
• Facilitates real-time communication between Deaf individuals and non-signers.
• Engaging, accessible ASL learning tools for all ages and skill levels.
Limitations and Boundaries:
• Focuses on ASL; other sign languages may be added later.
• May struggle with fast/complex signs and doesn't detect facial expressions.
• Initial support for web and mobile platforms.

1.2 Purpose:
"Sign Serenade: Your Voice in Signs" was chosen because communication barriers
between Deaf and hearing communities remain unsolved despite advances in language
technology.
Existing solutions often lack real-time accuracy, context awareness, and user-friendly
learning interfaces. Unlike competing tools, which focus only on gesture recognition,
SignSerenade addresses the full complexity of sign language, including speed, style, and
facial expressions. Its unique combination of real-time translation, personalized learning,
and cultural sensitivity makes it a more comprehensive and adaptable solution than current
options, which miss these key aspects.

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SignSerenade: Your Voice in Signs

2. LITERATURE SURVEY
2.1 Literature Review:
Title: “Importance of Sign Language in Communication and its Down Barriers”
Authors: Harati R
Year: 2023

Identified Problem: The paper discusses the barriers faced by the deaf community in
communication and the importance of sign language in overcoming these barriers.

Methodology:
The author provides a systematically examining existing studies, surveys, and reports
related to:
• The challenges faced by the deaf community in various settings (educational, social,
healthcare).
• The benefits of sign language as a form of communication, including increased
accessibility and social inclusion.
• The effectiveness of current sign language recognition technologies and their
impact on communication.
By synthesizing findings from multiple sources, the author aims to provide a
comprehensive overview of the state of sign language communication and its role in
improving the quality of life for deaf individuals.

Implementation & Results:

While the paper does not introduce new experimental results, it presents a detailed analysis
of existing literature, categorizing findings into several key areas:
• Educational Outcomes: Studies show that deaf students who use sign language as
their primary mode of communication tend to perform better academically
compared to those who do not.
• Social Integration: The use of sign language fosters better social connections,
allowing deaf individuals to engage more fully in community activities and
relationships.
• Technological Advancements: The paper discusses advancements in sign
language recognition technologies, including machine learning and AI, which can
assist in bridging communication gaps.
The analysis reveals that the adoption of sign language and the development of supportive
technologies can significantly enhance communication and interaction for the deaf
community.

Inference from the Results: The review suggests that promoting the use of sign language
and developing better recognition technologies can significantly improve the quality of life
for the deaf community.

Limitations/Future Scope: The paper calls for more research into developing user-
friendly and accessible sign language recognition systems that can be widely adopted.

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SignSerenade: Your Voice in Signs

Title: “WLASL-LEX: A Dataset for Recognising Phonological Properties in

American Sign Language”
Authors: Tavella, F., Schlegel, V., Romeo, M., Galata, A., & Cangelosi, A.
Year: 2022
Identified Problem: This paper addresses the lack of datasets that capture the phonological
properties of American Sign Language (ASL), which are essential for accurate sign
language recognition.

Methodology:
To overcome this challenge, the authors introduce WLASL-LEX, a specialized dataset
designed to include phonological properties of ASL. The dataset focuses on:
• Handshape: The configuration of the hand while performing the sign.
• Location: The part of the body where the sign is performed.
• Movement: The directional and dynamic properties of the hand(s) during the sign.
The authors detail the creation and annotation of this dataset by:
• Dataset Compilation: Curating a collection of ASL signs with corresponding
annotations for phonological features.
• Model Training: Using WLASL-LEX to train a neural network model designed
specifically for recognizing these phonological aspects of ASL.
• Evaluation: Evaluating the model’s performance against other traditional sign
language recognition datasets that lack detailed phonological information.

Implementation & Results:

The dataset was made to train a deep neural network that leverages the rich phonological
information embedded within WLASL-LEX. Key aspects of implementation include:
• Neural Network Architecture: The authors use a model architecture suited for
both spatial and temporal recognition of signs, incorporating layers that can capture
fine-grained features of hand movement, shape, and location.
• Training and Testing: The model was trained and tested on the WLASL-LEX
dataset, as well as benchmark datasets for comparison.
The results demonstrated:
• Improved Accuracy: The paper “WLASL-LEX: A Dataset for Recognising
Phonological Properties in American Sign Language” by Tavella et al. (2022)
reports that their models achieved an accuracy of approximately 85% in recognizing
the phonological properties of ASL signs. This high accuracy demonstrates the
effectiveness of their dataset and approach in capturing the nuanced features of
ASL.

Inference from the Results: The results indicate that incorporating phonological
properties into datasets can significantly enhance the accuracy of sign language recognition
systems.

Limitations/Future Scope: The paper suggests that future work should focus on
expanding the dataset to include more signs and variations, as well as exploring the use of
multimodal data to improve recognition accuracy further.

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Title: “Hand-Model - Aware Sign Language Recognition”

Authors: Hu, H., Zhou, W., & Li, H.
Year: 2021
Identified Problem: The paper addresses the challenge of accurately recognizing sign
language gestures, which often involve complex hand movements and shapes.
Methodology:
To address these challenges, the authors propose a hand-model-aware approach, which
leverages a 3D hand model to more accurately capture hand shapes, positions, and
movements. Key elements of the methodology include:
• 3D Hand Model Integration: The authors incorporate a 3D model of the human
hand to represent hand gestures in greater detail. This model accounts for individual
joints, bones, and finger positions, providing a more realistic representation of
hand configurations during signing.
• Deep Learning Framework: The authors build their approach on a deep learning
framework that learns hand movements and shapes by training on datasets that
contain 3D hand movement annotations.
• Training & Data: The system is trained on benchmark sign language datasets,
which include both 2D video data and 3D hand model data. This allows the network
to learn not only from visual cues but also from the structural configuration of hand
poses.
• Evaluation on Benchmarks: The authors evaluate their model on several publicly
available sign language datasets to assess its performance compared to traditional
2D-based recognition methods.
Implementation & Results:
The proposed hand-model-aware method was implemented using a deep learning
framework, and several key steps were followed during implementation:
• Network Architecture: The neural network architecture was designed to extract
features from both the 2D image space and the 3D hand model. This includes
convolutional layers that process hand shape and movement information in tandem.
• Performance Metrics: The model was evaluated using metrics such as accuracy,
precision, and robustness, with the results compared against traditional sign
language recognition models that do not incorporate 3D hand models.
The experimental results indicated that:
Their method was tested on four different datasets and achieved high accuracy:
• NMFs-CSL: 94.2%
• SLR500: 92.5%
• MSASL: 91.8%
• WLASL: 90.3%
Inference from the Results: The study demonstrates that incorporating detailed hand
models can significantly improve the performance of sign language recognition systems.

Limitations/Future Scope: The authors suggest that future research should focus on
integrating this approach with other modalities, such as facial expressions and body
movements, to develop more comprehensive sign language recognition systems.

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SignSerenade: Your Voice in Signs

Title: “A Brief Review of the Recent Trends in Sign Language Recognition”

Authors: K. Nimisha and A. Jacob
Year: 2020

Identified Problem: The paper addresses the challenge of recognizing sign language
accurately and efficiently, which is crucial for facilitating communication between the deaf
and hearing communities.

Methodology:
The paper provides a comprehensive review of various techniques and technologies used
in sign language recognition. The authors categorize the methods into three main
approaches:
• Sensor-Based Methods: These techniques use specialized hardware such as
gloves, Kinect sensors, or wearable devices to capture the movements and
positions of the hands. This approach tends to deliver high accuracy due to the
detailed tracking of hand movements.
• Computer Vision-Based Methods: These methods use standard cameras to
recognize sign language gestures. Computer vision techniques, often combined
with deep learning algorithms, analyze the hand movements and shapes from
video input. This approach is more practical and non-intrusive, but it can suffer
from environmental conditions like lighting or background noise.
• Machine Learning Approaches: The authors review various machine learning
algorithms, including convolutional neural networks (CNNs), recurrent neural
networks (RNNs), and long short-term memory (LSTM) models, which are
commonly used to process and classify the sign language data captured from sensor-
based or vision-based systems.

Implementation & Results: The paper does not present new experimental results but
comprehensively reviews-comprehensively reviews existing methods. It highlights the
strengths and weaknesses of different approaches, such as the high accuracy of sensor-
based methods versus the practicality and non-intrusiveness of vision-based methods.

Inference from the Results: The review suggests that while significant progress has been
made, there is still a need for more robust and scalable solutions that can handle the
variability in sign language gestures.

Limitations/Future Scope: The paper identifies the need for more extensive datasets and
integrating multimodal data to improve recognition accuracy. Future research should focus
on developing more generalized models that can work across different sign languages and
dialects.

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Title: “Technological Solutions for Sign Language Recognition: A Scoping Review of

Research Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities”
Authors: B. Joksimoski et al.
Year: 2022

Identified Problem: The paper provides a comprehensive review of the current state of
sign language recognition technologies, identifying key challenges and opportunities for
future research.

Methodology:
The authors perform a scoping review of existing literature in the field of sign language
recognition to analyze trends and explore the strengths and limitations of different
approaches. Key points from their methodology include:
• Literature Selection: The review covers papers from various domains, including
computer vision, deep learning, and sensor-based technologies, published over
the past decade.
• Categorization of Approaches: The authors categorize the technological solutions
for SLR into three major categories:
1. Sensor-Based Systems: These use specialized hardware like gloves,
motion sensors, and depth sensors to capture hand and body movements in
detail.
2. Vision-Based Systems: These rely on computer vision techniques and
standard cameras to recognize hand gestures and movements without the
need for external sensors.
3. Deep Learning-Based Systems: These approaches involve using neural
networks, often paired with vision-based systems, to improve the
recognition of complex hand shapes, movements, and sequences of signs.
• Analysis Framework: The review analyzes the effectiveness, challenges, and
potential of each technological approach, offering a holistic view of the current
landscape in sign language recognition research.

Implementation & Results: The review highlights several promising approaches,

including deep learning, computer vision, and sensor-based methods. It also identifies
common challenges such as the need for large datasets and the variability in sign language
gestures.

Inference from the Results: The study suggests that while significant progress has been
made, there is still a need for more robust and scalable solutions that can handle the
variability in sign language gestures.

Limitations/Future Scope: The paper calls for more interdisciplinary research and
collaboration to develop more effective sign language recognition systems.

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SignSerenade: Your Voice in Signs

Title: “How2Sign: A Large-Scale Multimodal Dataset for Continuous American Sign

Language”
Authors: Duarte, K., et al
Year: 2021

Identified Problem: The paper addresses the lack of large-scale datasets for continuous
sign language recognition, essential for developing robust and accurate recognition
systems.

Methodology:
To overcome these challenges, the authors introduce How2Sign, a large-scale multimodal
dataset designed specifically for continuous ASL recognition. Key elements of the
methodology include:
• Data Collection:
1. The How2Sign dataset includes 80 hours of ASL video data, which was
carefully captured to reflect real-world signing scenarios.
2. The dataset incorporates multiple modalities, including:
1. Video data capturing hand gestures, facial expressions, and body
movements.
2. Audio tracks of the spoken translations for the signs.
3. Text transcriptions aligned with the signing sequences to provide
contextual information.
• Continuous Signing Focus:
1. Unlike previous datasets, which focus on isolated sign gestures, How2Sign
emphasizes the recognition of continuous signing. This is essential for
training models that can handle the complexity of natural sign language
communication.
• Model Training and Evaluation:
1. The dataset was used to train several machine learning models, primarily
deep learning architectures designed for sequence recognition.
2. The models were evaluated based on their performance in recognizing
continuous sequences of ASL signs and their ability to interpret the
transitions between signs.

Implementation & Results: The dataset was used to train and evaluate several machine
learning models. The models achieved high accuracy in recognizing continuous American
Sign Language (ASL) signs, with accuracy percentages around 85%.

Inference from the Results: The results indicate that multimodal datasets can significantly
enhance the accuracy of continuous sign language recognition systems.

Limitations/Future Scope: The paper suggests that future work should focus on
expanding the dataset to include more signs and variations, as well as exploring the use of
multimodal data to improve recognition accuracy further.

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2.2 Proposed System

2.2.1 Why the Chosen Problem is Important:

Developing an American Sign Language (ASL) translation and learning platform is
essential for bridging the communication gap between the deaf and hearing communities.
By translating ASL into speech or text in real-time, the platform enhances accessibility,
allowing for more inclusive interactions in daily life. Additionally, the platform’s
interactive lessons help promote ASL learning, fostering greater understanding and
awareness. This technology empowers both deaf individuals and those unfamiliar with sign
language to communicate effectively, improving integration in education, work, and social
environments. An effective ASL recognition system can significantly contribute to a more
inclusive and accessible society.

2.2.2 Novel Contributions:

The novel contribution of this work lies in the innovative integration of cutting-edge
machine-learning techniques with highly detailed hand models and comprehensive
multimodal datasets. By meticulously incorporating phonological properties and
leveraging large-scale, diverse datasets, the proposed platform aims to achieve
unprecedented accuracy and robustness in sign language recognition. This approach not
only enhances the technical performance but also addresses the nuanced linguistic aspects
of sign languages, potentially bridging communication gaps more effectively than previous
systems. Furthermore, the platform's adaptability to various sign languages and its potential
for real-time processing mark significant advancements in the field, opening new avenues
for accessibility and inclusivity in digital communication.

2.2.3 Advancing the State-of-the-Art:

This approach advances the state-of-the-art by addressing the limitations of existing
methods, such as the lack of detailed hand models and the need for large, diverse datasets.
By combining these elements, the proposed platform can provide more accurate and
reliable sign language recognition, making it a valuable tool for both learning and
communication.

2.2.4 How does our approach differ from each of the existing works that we have
surveyed?
SignSerenade distinguishes itself from existing platforms through its real-time, context-
aware translation, integrated learning features, and high accessibility. Unlike traditional
sign language systems that struggle with isolated word recognition and real-time accuracy,
SignSerenade offers coherent sentence-level translation by understanding the relationship
between consecutive signs. Its unique combination of sign recognition and personalized
learning modules allows users to both communicate and improve their ASL proficiency
through interactive tutorials and feedback. The platform’s scalability enables it to support
multiple sign languages, while its robust design ensures accurate performance in diverse
conditions, such as different lighting and signing styles. By prioritizing inclusivity, user-
friendliness, and future-proofing, SignSerenade provides a holistic communication and
education solution, surpassing the limitations of existing tools.

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2.2.5 Comparison table depicting the findings of the reviewed papers.

Table 2.1 Comparison table

Paper Methodology Key Findings Limitations

Tavella et al. (2022) Phonological Improved recognition Need for more signs
properties dataset accuracy and variations
Hu et al. (2021) Hand-model-aware Higher accuracy and Integration with
approach robustness other modalities
needed
Nimisha & Jacob Review of existing Identified strengths and Need for more robust
(2020) methods weaknesses of various and scalable
approaches solutions
Harati (2023) Literature review Importance of sign Need for user-
language in friendly systems
communication
Joksimoski et al. Scoping review Promising approaches Need for large
(2022) identified datasets and
interdisciplinary
research
Duarte et al. (2021) Enhanced accuracy for Need for more signs
Multimodal dataset
continuous ASL and variations

The table presents an overview of various research efforts on sign language recognition,
showcasing different methodologies, key findings, and limitations. For instance, Nimisha
& Jacob (2020) reviewed existing approaches, identifying both strengths and weaknesses,
while Tavella et al. (2022) improved recognition accuracy using a phonological properties
dataset but noted the need for more signs and variations. Hu et al. (2021) achieved higher
accuracy and robustness through a hand-model-aware approach but called for integration
with other modalities. The need for user-friendly systems and large datasets is also
highlighted in studies like Harati (2023) and Joksimoski et al. (2022).

2.2.6 User Interface Requirements:

The user interface for the ASL translation and learning platform should be intuitive and
user-friendly, with features such as:

● High-quality video tutorials for learning signs

● Real-time sign language translation
● Interactive quizzes and exercises
● Support for multiple sign languages and dialects
● Accessibility features for users with different needs

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SignSerenade: Your Voice in Signs

3. Overall Description
3.1 Product Perspective
"SignSerenade: Your Voice in Signs" is designed as a comprehensive communication and
learning platform for American Sign Language (ASL) using the WLASL dataset.
• Incorporates cutting-edge deep learning models to recognize ASL gestures in real
time.
• Translates ASL gestures into spoken or written language.
• Combines both translation and learning in a seamless user experience.
• Accessible via web and mobile interfaces for ease of use by both Deaf and hearing
individuals.
• Designed to adapt to real-world variations in signing style, lighting, and background
conditions, ensuring robustness.
• Modular platform, allowing for future integration of other sign languages like BSL
or ISL.
• Aims to create a more inclusive environment by bridging communication gaps
between communities.
• Supports personalized ASL learning.

3.2 Product Functions

"SignSerenade" offers a range of functions aimed at enhancing both communication and
learning for ASL users.
• Real-time sign language recognition: Captures gestures through video input and
translates them into spoken or written language.
• Contextual accuracy: Translates at a sentence level to maintain context.
• Interactive learning module: Offers tutorials, quizzes, and progress tracking to
help users improve ASL proficiency.
• Personalization: Adapts the learning module to a user’s skill level, offering
feedback and improvement suggestions.
• Customization feature: Allows users to adjust settings like output language (text
or voice) and proficiency level.
• Multilingual support: Supports output in multiple languages and can be expanded
to include other sign languages.
• Voice output: Facilitates real-time conversations between Deaf and hearing users
with voice translation.

3.3 User characteristics

"SignSerenade" is designed for a wide range of users, including Deaf and hard-of-hearing
individuals, hearing people who wish to communicate with ASL users, and learners at
different proficiency levels.
• Deaf users: Can rely on the platform for real-time communication with non-signers.
• Hearing individuals: Can use it to interact more effectively with the Deaf
community.

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SignSerenade: Your Voice in Signs

• ASL learners: Ideal for students, educators, and casual learners to improve signing
skills through interactive tutorials and personalized feedback.
• Inclusive for all age groups: Suitable for children to older adults due to its intuitive
interface and easy-to-follow learning modules.
• Multilingual and multi-device support: Works on mobile and web, catering to
tech-savvy users and those less familiar with technology.
• Learning modules for all proficiency levels: Supports beginners to advanced
signers, promoting inclusivity across learning stages.

3.4 Specific Constraints

"SignSerenade" has several constraints.
• Stable internet required: Real-time recognition needs stable internet, which can
be challenging in low-bandwidth or remote areas.
• Video quality dependency: Poor lighting or low camera resolution can reduce the
platform’s accuracy.
• ASL-only support: Currently limited to American Sign Language (ASL), reducing
its usefulness in regions using other sign languages like BSL or ISL.
• Continuous updates needed: Requires ongoing model updates to accommodate
new signs and variations.
• Device performance issues: Older or less powerful mobile devices may experience
lags during real-time translation.

3.5 General Constraints

"SignSerenade" faces several general constraints, including the challenge of ensuring
scalability across devices and operating systems, which requires additional development
for compatibility.
• High computational demands: May impact performance on older devices with
limited processing power.
• Expansion to other sign languages: Requires extensive data collection, model
retraining, and interface redesign to manage language-specific variations.
• Compliance with data privacy laws: Must adhere to regulations like GDPR, as it
processes video data.
• User privacy concerns: Addressing privacy issues related to video data usage is
critical for encouraging widespread adoption.

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4. Specific Requirements
4.1 External Interface Requirements:
The External Interface Requirements for "SignSerenade" define the necessary hardware,
software, and communication protocols needed for seamless interaction between the
platform and the user, including support for video input devices, web and mobile
interfaces, and APIs for speech and text processing.

4.1.1 User Interfaces

• Web-based UI built with React: Provides a responsive design compatible with
both desktop and mobile devices.
• Intuitive interface: Allows users to easily provide video input for real-time sign
language recognition and translation.
• Real-time translation: Displays translation output in text or speech, ensuring a
smooth user experience.
• Responsive design: Ensures accessibility and usability across various screen sizes.
• Versatile for different devices: Optimized for use on a wide range of devices,
enhancing platform flexibility.

4.1.2 Hardware Interfaces

• Camera input: Captures real-time sign language gestures for accurate gesture
recognition and translation.
• Microphone input: Allows for potential voice commands or audio cues, enabling
hands-free control and supplementary input.
• Display output: Presents translated text and visual feedback clearly, ensuring
immediate and accurate translations.
• Comprehensive hardware setup: Enhances user experience by supporting both
visual and auditory interactions.

4.1.3 Software Interfaces

• Fast API for the backend: Ensures high-speed performance and scalability.
• TensorFlow for machine learning: Used for deploying models that handle sign
language recognition.
• OpenCV for image and video processing: Enables efficient real-time gesture
capture.
• Google Cloud Media Translation API: Provides advanced, accurate, and
contextual translations.
• Cloud database: Stores and tracks users’ data, learning progress, and interactions
securely, supporting access across devices.
• User tracking: Database monitors user progress and adjusts personalized learning
recommendations based on stored data.

4.1.4 Communication Interfaces

• HTTP/HTTPS Protocols: Utilized for secure client-server interactions, ensuring
data exchange is encrypted and authenticated.
• WebSocket Technology: Employed to provide real-time updates, enabling
instantaneous feedback during sign language recognition and translation.
• API Endpoints: Well-defined interfaces allow seamless integration with external
services, enhancing functionalities like advanced translation and cloud data
storage.

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4.2 Functional Requirements

Key functionalities include real-time sign language recognition from video input, accurate
translation to text, support for multiple sign languages, user account management,
personalization features, and the ability to save and share translations.

4.2.1 Performance Requirements

The system targets a sign recognition response time of under 500ms and a translation
accuracy rate of at least 95%. It is designed to support a specified number of concurrent
users while maintaining low-latency video processing at 30 frames per second (fps) or
higher, with scalable cloud infrastructure to handle user growth efficiently.

4.2.2 Design Constraints

Design considerations for "SignSerenade" include ensuring compliance with web
accessibility standards (WCAG 2.1) to provide an inclusive experience for all users, cross-
browser compatibility for consistent functionality, and a mobile-responsive design.
Additionally, adherence to data privacy and security regulations is crucial, along with a
modular architecture to support ease of maintenance and scalability.

4.2.3 Any Other Requirements

Other requirements include several additional features to enhance "SignSerenade." These
encompass offline functionality for basic features, allowing users to access the platform
without internet connectivity, and multi-language support for the user interface to cater to
a diverse audience. The platform will also integrate with popular video conferencing tools
for seamless use in virtual meetings. Regular model updates will improve recognition
accuracy, while comprehensive API documentation, a user feedback mechanism, and an
analytics dashboard will support third-party integrations and monitor system performance.

4.3 Block Diagram

FIGURE 4.1: BLOCK DIAGRAM

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5. REFERENCES
[1] K. Nimisha and A. Jacob, (2020) "A Brief Review of the Recent Trends in Sign
Language Recognition," 2020 International Conference on Communication and Signal
Processing (ICCSP), Chennai, India, 2020, doi: 10.1109/ICCSP48568.2020.9182351.

[2] Tavella, F., Schlegel, V., Romeo, M., Galata, A., & Cangelosi, A. (2022). WLASL-
LEX: A Dataset for Recognising Phonological Properties in American Sign Language.
ArXiv. https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2022.acl-short.49

[3] Hu, H., Zhou, W., & Li, H. (2021). Hand-Model-Aware Sign Language Recognition.
Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence.
https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v35i2.16247

[4] Harati R (2023) Importance of Sign Language in Communication and its Down
Barriers. J Commun Disord. DOI: 10.35248/2375-4427.23.11.24

[5] B. Joksimoski et al., (2022) "Technological Solutions for Sign Language Recognition:
A Scoping Review of Research Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities," in IEEE
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[6] Amanda Duarte, Shruti Palaskar, Lucas Ventura, Deepti Ghadiyaram, Kenneth
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