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DNA and Protein - Formative 1 Questions (1)

The document is a Year 12 Biology formative test focused on DNA and protein synthesis, consisting of multiple choice and short answer questions. It assesses students' understanding of key concepts such as gene coding, protein synthesis processes, and the structure of DNA. The test is designed to be completed in 45 minutes and is worth a total of 33 marks.

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3 views

DNA and Protein - Formative 1 Questions (1)

The document is a Year 12 Biology formative test focused on DNA and protein synthesis, consisting of multiple choice and short answer questions. It assesses students' understanding of key concepts such as gene coding, protein synthesis processes, and the structure of DNA. The test is designed to be completed in 45 minutes and is worth a total of 33 marks.

Uploaded by

tony774135
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Year 12 Biology Formative Test 1

DNA and Protein

Name: Total Marks: 33 marks

Time: 45 mins (single lesson)


Instructions: use blue or black pen (and pencil where appropriate)

SECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (Questions 1-4)

Circle the letter representing the best answer for each of the multiple choice questions below.

1 J K L M 5 J K L M

2 J K L M 6 J K L M

3 J K L M 7 J K L M

4 J K L M 8 J K L M

1. Refer to the following diagram, which shows part of a nucleic acid:

Which of the following statements is correct? The diagram represents part of

J. a DNA molecule, because only DNA contains adenine.


K. an RNA molecule, because only RNA contains thymine.
L. a DNA molecule, because only DNA contains thymine.
M. an RNA molecule, because only RNA contains adenine.
2. A gene codes for

J. complementary base pairs on DNA molecules.


K. an RNA molecule.
L. sequences of polypeptides on DNA molecules.
M. An amino acid molecule.

3. Which one of the following cellular processes involves the pairing of the bases cytosine, thymine,
and adenine with the bases guanine, adenine, and thymine respectively?

J. Translation.
K. Transcription.
L. The replication of DNA.
M. The bonding of amino acids.

4. Refer to the following diagram which shows one essential process in the synthesis of new cells in an
organism.

Which one of the following combinations identifies the result of the process shown in the diagram
above and names this process?

Result of process Name of process


J. Identical sister chromatids Cell division
K. Production of complementary strands Transcription
L. Identical sister chromatids Semi-conservative replication
M. Production of complementary strands Binary fission

5. Erythromycin is an antibiotic that interferes with the process of protein synthesis in bacterial cells.

It is possible that erythromycin would affect the

J. transcription of mRNA in the nucleus of the bacterial cell.


K. attachment of amino acids to mRNA.
L. movement of ribosomes along mRNA.
M. attachment of ribosomes to the endoplasmic reticulum of the bacterial cell.
6. Refer to the following sequence of nucleotide bases which represents a section of an mRNA
molecule:
UAC CCG AAU UAG

Which one of the following sequences of nucleotide bases would be found on the strand of DNA that
was transcribed to produce this section of an mRNA molecule?

J. TAC CCG AAT TAG


K. UAC CCG AAU UAG
L. AUG GGC UUA AUC
M. ATG GGC TTA ATC

7. A length of mRNA attached to a ribosome codes for the production of a polypeptide that is 120
amino acids long.

How many mRNA nucleotides code for the amino acids in this polypeptide?

J. 40
K. 120
L. 360
M. 720

8. The role for rRNA together with proteins is to:

J. provide a site for protein synthesis.


K. translate messenger DNA.
L. carry a specific amino acid to the ribosome.
M. join polypeptides to form a globular protein.
SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (Questions 11-14)
Answer in the spaces provided.

9. Refer to the following schematic diagram, which represents a process that involves DNA and occurs
in prokaryotic cells before cell division:

a. State the location in the cell where this process occurs. __________________________________
(1 mark)

b. Explain why it is essential that this process occurs before the cell divides.
(2 marks)

c. Explain how this diagram above shows that this process is semi-conservative. (2 marks)
10. Refer to the diagram below which shows part of a DNA molecule in an active cell.

a. Name the process shown in the diagram. _____________________________________


(1 mark)

b. State one structural property of the eukaryotic DNA molecule and explain how it aids in the
replication process.
(3 marks)

c. Name the part of a eukaryotic cell in which this process occurs. _____________________________

(1 mark)

d. State two structural differences in a eukaryotic chromosome in comparison to a prokaryotic


chromosome. (2 marks)

e. Explain how a change in the DNA sequence could affect a protein produced by this cell. (3 marks)
11. Oestrogens are hormones that are involved in the reproductive cycles of vertebrates and some
insects. They are able to bind to oestrogen receptor proteins on the surface of cell membranes.

a. State the subunits that make up an oestrogen receptor protein. _______________________________


(1 mark)

b. Explain the role of tRNA in ensuring the correct order of the subunits in oestrogen receptor proteins.
(4 marks)

12. Refer to the following diagram, which shows cellular process A:

a. State the name of cellular process A (RNA  protein). ____________________________________


(1 mark)

b. The diagram above does not illustrate the formation of a mature strand of mRNA.

i. State one difference between the mature and immature mRNA strand.

______________________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)

ii. Describe how a mature strand of mRNA is formed. (2 marks)

iii. State why only parts of the immature RNA strand are translated to form a polypeptide. (1 mark)
_____________________________________________________________________________________

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