Analysis and Design of Slabs

ONE WAY SLAB

Reinforced concrete slabs are large flat plates that are
supported at its sides by beams, walls, or by the ground. If the
slab is supported on two opposite sides only, they are referred
to as one way slab. If the slab is supported in all four sides and
the long is more than twice the short side, the slab is classified
as one way slab.

Structural Design 1 (Concrete)

Analysis and Design of Slabs
 Minimum Slab Thickness

National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP2015)

 MINIMUM REINFORCEMENT FOR ONE-WAY SLAB

National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP2015)

 TEMPERATURE AND SHRINKAGE REINFORCEMENT

National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP2015)

 Example
The floor system shown supports the given pressure loads. Using
approximate analysis for design loads, design all one way slab S
bounded by grids CD using f’c=21 MPa, fy=345 MPa, rebar
diameter=10 mm, and concrete cover=20mm.

FF=1.0 kPa
Ceiling=1.0 kPa
Electromechanical=0.10 kPa
Concrete unit weight= 24 kN/m3
LL=2.40 kPa
Beam size= 300mm by 600mm

Structural Design 1 (Concrete)

Analysis and Design of Slabs
 Example
A. Slab Thickness
𝑙 𝑓𝑦 3000 345
24
0.4+
700
= 24
0.4+
700
𝑙 𝑓𝑦 3500 345
ℎ𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 28
0.4+
700
= 28
0.4+
700
𝑙 𝑓𝑦 3500 345
24
0.4+
700
= 24
0.4+
700

111.607
ℎ𝑚𝑖𝑛 = ቐ111.607
130.208 Governs !

ℎ = 135 𝑚𝑚

National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP2015)

 Example
B. Design Load

WDL=[FF + Ceiling + Electromech FF=1.0 kPa

+ Concrete density(Slab Ceiling=1.0 kPa
Thickness)] (1 m strip) Electromechanical=0.10 kPa
Concrete unit weight= 24 kN/m3
WDL=[1 + 1 + 0.1 + 24(0.135)] (1 m) LL=2.40 kPa
WDL=5.34 kN/m Beam size= 300mm by 600mm

WLL=2.40 kPa (1 m strip)

WLL=2.40 kN/m

Wu=1.2(5.34) + 1.6(2.40)
Wu=10.248 kN/m

Structural Design 1 (Concrete)

Analysis and Design of Slabs
 Example
C. Design of Slab

Location Coeff
1 1/24
12 1/14
2 1/10
2 1/11
23 1/16
3 1/11
3 1/11
34 1/16
4 1/11
4 1/10
45 1/14
5 1/24

National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP2015)

 Example
C. Design of Slab
Location Coeff Moment b d 𝝆𝒓𝒆𝒒𝒅 Asreqd

1 1/24 3.113 1000 110 0.00084 92.4

12 1/14 5.336 1000 110 0.00144 158.4
2 1/10 8.918 1000 110 0.00243 267.3
2 1/11 8.108 1000 110 0.00221 243.1
23 1/16 6.559 1000 110 0.00178 195.8
3 1/11 9.540 1000 110 0.00261 287.1
3 1/11 9.540 1000 110 0.00261 287.1
34 1/16 6.559 1000 110 0.00178 195.8
4 1/11 9.540 1000 110 0.00261 287.1
4 1/10 10.494 1000 110 0.00287 315.7
45 1/14 7.496 1000 110 0.00204 224.4
d=h-cc-db/2=135-20-10/2=110
5 1/24 4.372 1000 110 0.00118 129.8

National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP2015)

 Example
Minimum As
Asmin = 0.0020Ag
Asmin = 0.0020(1000)(135)
Asmin = 270 mm2

National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP2015)

 Example
C. Design of Slab
Location Coeff Moment b d 𝝆𝒓𝒆𝒒𝒅 Asreqd As

1 1/24 3.113 1000 110 0.00084 92.4 270

12 1/14 5.336 1000 110 0.00144 158.4 270
2 1/10 8.918 1000 110 0.00243 267.3 270
2 1/11 8.108 1000 110 0.00221 243.1 270
23 1/16 6.559 1000 110 0.00178 195.8 270
3 1/11 9.540 1000 110 0.00261 287.1 287.1
3 1/11 9.540 1000 110 0.00261 287.1 287.1
34 1/16 6.559 1000 110 0.00178 195.8 270
4 1/11 9.540 1000 110 0.00261 287.1 287.1
4 1/10 10.494 1000 110 0.00287 315.7 315.7
45 1/14 7.496 1000 110 0.00204 224.4 270
5 1/24 4.372 1000 110 0.00118 129.8 270

National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP2015)

 Example
Spacing of main reinforcement

𝐴𝑏 𝜋/4(10)2
𝐴𝑠
1000=
315.7
(1000) = 248.78 Governs !

𝑠=൞ 3ℎ = 3 135 = 405

450

𝑠 = 245 𝑚𝑚

National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP2015)

 Example
C. Design of Slab
Location Coeff Moment b d 𝝆𝒓𝒆𝒒𝒅 Asreqd As Spacing

1 1/24 3.113 1000 110 0.00084 92.4 270 245

12 1/14 5.336 1000 110 0.00144 158.4 270 245
2 1/10 8.918 1000 110 0.00243 267.3 270 245
2 1/11 8.108 1000 110 0.00221 243.1 270 245
23 1/16 6.559 1000 110 0.00178 195.8 270 245
3 1/11 9.540 1000 110 0.00261 287.1 287.1 245
3 1/11 9.540 1000 110 0.00261 287.1 287.1 245
34 1/16 6.559 1000 110 0.00178 195.8 270 245
4 1/11 9.540 1000 110 0.00261 287.1 287.1 245
4 1/10 10.494 1000 110 0.00287 315.7 315.7 245
45 1/14 7.496 1000 110 0.00204 224.4 270 245
5 1/24 4.372 1000 110 0.00118 129.8 270 245

National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP2015)

 Example
Minimum Temperature and Shrinkage

Asmin = 0.0020Ag
Asmin = 0.0020(1000)(135)
Asmin = 270 mm2

𝐴𝑏 𝜋/4(10)2
𝐴𝑠
1000=
270 (1000)
= 290.888 Governs !

𝑠=൞ 5ℎ = 5 135 = 675

450
𝑠 = 290 𝑚𝑚

National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP2015)

 Example
C. Design of Slab
Location Coeff Moment b d 𝝆𝒓𝒆𝒒𝒅 Asreqd As Spacing T and S

1 1/24 3.113 1000 110 0.00084 92.4 270 245 290

12 1/14 5.336 1000 110 0.00144 158.4 270 245 290
2 1/10 8.918 1000 110 0.00243 267.3 270 245 290
2 1/11 8.108 1000 110 0.00221 243.1 270 245 290
23 1/16 6.559 1000 110 0.00178 195.8 270 245 290
3 1/11 9.540 1000 110 0.00261 287.1 287.1 245 290
3 1/11 9.540 1000 110 0.00261 287.1 287.1 245 290
34 1/16 6.559 1000 110 0.00178 195.8 270 245 290
4 1/11 9.540 1000 110 0.00261 287.1 287.1 245 290
4 1/10 10.494 1000 110 0.00287 315.7 315.7 245 290
45 1/14 7.496 1000 110 0.00204 224.4 270 245 290
5 1/24 4.372 1000 110 0.00118 129.8 270 245 290

Structural Design 1 (Concrete)

Analysis and Design of Slabs
 Example
Design all one way slab to carry the
given loads. Use f’c=21MPa,
fy=415MPa, rebar diameter=12mm,
and concrete cover=20mm.

LL=2.40 kPa
Flr. Fin=1.0kPa
𝛾𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐 =23.6kN/m3
Ceiling=0.70kPa
Electromech=0.10kPa
Beam=300mmx450mm

Structural Design 1 (Concrete)

Analysis and Design of Slabs
 Example
A. Slab Thickness
415
𝑓𝑦 3000 0.4+700
𝑙
24 0.4+700 = 24 = 124.107𝑚𝑚
ℎ𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 415
𝑓𝑦 3000 0.4+700
𝑙
28 0.4+700 = 28 = 106.378𝑚𝑚

B. Design Load, Wu
WDL=[0.70+1.0+0.1+23.6(0.125)](1 m strip)
WDL=4.75 kN/m
WLL=2.40(1 m strip)
WLL=2.40 kN/m
Wu=1.2(4.75) + 1.6(2.40)
Wu=9.54kN/m

National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP2015)

 Example
C. Design of Slab
Location Coeff Moment b d 𝝆𝒓𝒆𝒒𝒅 As Spacing T&S
A 1/24 2.898 1000 99 0.00080 250 375 450 Temperature &
AB 1/14 4.968 1000 99 0.00138 250 375 450
Shrinkage
B 1/10 6.955 1000 99 0.00194 250 375 450 𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.0020𝐴𝑔
B 1/11 6.322 1000 99 0.00176 250 375 450 = 0.002(1000)(125)
BC 1/16 4.347 1000 99 0.00120 250 375 450
= 250 mm2
C 1/11 6.322 1000 99 0.00176 250 375 450 𝐴𝑏
1000 = 452
C 1/10 6.955 1000 99 0.00194 250 375 450
𝑠 ≤ 𝐴𝑠
CD 1/14 4.968 1000 99 0.00138 250 375 450 5ℎ = 625
D 1/24 2.898 1000 99 0.00080 250 375 450 450

Main Reinforcement
𝐴𝑏
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.0020𝐴𝑔 1000 = 452
𝑠≤ 𝐴 𝑠
= 0.002(1000)(125) 3ℎ = 375
= 250 mm2 450

Structural Design 1 (Concrete)

Analysis and Design of Slabs
 TWO WAY SLAB
When a rectangular concrete slab is supported on all four sides and the
long to short ratio is less than or equal to 2.0. The bending is considered in
both directions and the flexural reinforcements are provided in both
directions.

L/S ≤ 2.0

Structural Design 1 (Concrete)

Analysis and Design of Slabs
 MOMENT COEFFICIENT METHOD
M= Cqu𝑙𝑛2 (1.0)
C = Moment Coefficient
qu = Pressure load
ln = short clear span
m = ratio of short to long span

Structural Design 1 (Concrete)

Analysis and Design of Slabs
 Example
The floor framing plan of a reinforced concrete structure is shown in the figure. All
rectangular beams are 300 mm wide and 500 mm deep, unit weight of concrete is
24kN/m3, f’c=28MPa, fy=345 MPa, concrete cover=20mm, and diameter of
bar=10mm. Design slab EFHI using the following design loads. FF=1.25kPa,
Electromech=0.10kPa, Ceiling=0.55kPa, and LL=3.80kPa.

Structural Design 1 (Concrete)

Analysis and Design of Slabs
 Slab Thickness
hmin = perimeter/180
2(5000+7000)
hmin= 180

hmin= 133.333 𝑚𝑚
h= 135 𝑚𝑚
5
m = = 0.714
7
qu = 1.2[1.25+0.1+0.55+24(0.135)]+1.6(3.8)

qu = 12.248 KPa

Structural Design 1 (Concrete)

Analysis and Design of Slabs
 Considering short direction ln = 4.7m

𝐻−0.062 0.714−0.7
=
0.055−0.062 0.8−0.7
H=0.06102

𝐻𝐸−0.047 0.714−0.7
=
0.041−0.047 0.8−0.7
HE=0.04616

Structural Design 1 (Concrete)

Analysis and Design of Slabs
 SUMMARY OF MOMENTS

M= Cqu𝑙𝑛2 (1.0)
qu = 12.248 KPa
ln = 4.7 m

𝐴𝑏 𝜋/4(10)2
𝐴𝑠
1000=
499.4
(1000) = 157.270 𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.0020𝐴𝑔
𝑠=൞ 2ℎ = 2 135 = 270 = 0.002(1000)(135)
450 = 270 mm2

SHORT DIRECTION
LOCATION COEFF MOMENT b d 𝜌𝑅𝐸𝑄 As Asmin Spacing

H 0.06102 16.509 1000 110 0.00454 499.4 270 155

HE 0.04616 12.489 1000 110 0.00341 375.1 270 155
E 0.06102 16.509 1000 110 0.00454 499.4 270 155

Structural Design 1 (Concrete)

Analysis and Design of Slabs
 Considering long direction

Structural Design 1 (Concrete)

Analysis and Design of Slabs
 SUMMARY OF MOMENTS

M= Cqu𝑙𝑛2 (1.0)
qu = 12.248 KPa
ln = 4.7 m

𝐴𝑏 𝜋/4(10)2
𝐴𝑠
1000=
332.2
(1000) = 236.423
𝑠=൞ 2ℎ = 2 135 = 270
450

𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.0020𝐴𝑔
= 0.002(1000)(135)
= 270 mm2

LONG DIRECTION
LOCATION COEFF MOMENT b d 𝜌𝑅𝐸𝑄 As Asmin Spacing

E 0.041 11.093 1000 110 0.00302 332.2 270 235

EF 0.031 8.387 1000 110 0.00227 249.7 270 235
F 0.021 5.682 1000 110 0.00153 168.3 270 235

Structural Design 1 (Concrete)

Analysis and Design of Slabs
 Example
The floor system shown support the given pressure loads. Design slab
ABEF using moment coefficient method if f’c=21 MPa, fy=415 MPa,
rebar diameter=12 mm, and concrete cover=20mm.

FF=1.0 kPa
Ceiling=1.0 kPa
Electromechanical=0.10 kPa
Concrete unit weight= 24 kN/m3
LL=2.40 kPa
Beam size= 300mm by 550mm

Structural Design 1 (Concrete)

Analysis and Design of Slabs
 Slab Thickness

hmin = perimeter/180
4(5000)
hmin= 180

hmin= 111.111 𝑚𝑚
h= 115 𝑚𝑚
5
m = = 1.0
5
qu = 1.2[1.0+0.1+1.0+24(0.115)]+1.6(2.4)
qu = 9.672 kPa

Structural Design 1 (Concrete)

Analysis and Design of Slabs
 Considering short direction ln = 4.7m

LOCATION COEFF

A=0.025 A 0.025
AE=0.037 AE 0.037
E=0.049 E 0.049

Structural Design 1 (Concrete)

Analysis and Design of Slabs
 SUMMARY OF MOMENTS

M= Cqu𝑙𝑛2 (1.0)
qu = 9.672 KPa
ln = 4.7 m

𝐴𝑏 𝜋/4(12)2 𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.0020𝐴𝑔

𝐴𝑠
1000=
329.3
(1000) = 343.448
𝑠=൞ = 0.002(1000)(115)
2ℎ = 2 115 = 230
= 230 mm2
450

SHORT DIRECTION
LOCATION COEFF MOMENT b d 𝜌𝑅𝐸𝑄 As Asmin Spacing

A 0.025 5.341 1000 89 0.00185 164.65 230 230

AE 0.037 7.905 1000 89 0.00276 245.64 230 230
E 0.049 10.469 1000 89 0.00370 329.3 230 230

Structural Design 1 (Concrete)

Analysis and Design of Slabs
 Considering long direction

LOCATION COEFF

A=0.025 A 0.025
AB=0.037 AB 0.037
B=0.049 B 0.049

Structural Design 1 (Concrete)

Analysis and Design of Slabs
 SUMMARY OF MOMENTS

M= Cqu𝑙𝑛2 (1.0)
qu = 9.672 KPa
ln = 4.7 m

𝐴𝑏 𝜋/4(10)2
𝐴𝑠
1000=
329.3
(1000) = 343.448 𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.0020𝐴𝑔
𝑠=൞ 2ℎ = 2 115 = 230 = 0.002(1000)(115)
450 = 230 mm2

LONG DIRECTION
LOCATION COEFF MOMENT b d 𝜌𝑅𝐸𝑄 As Asmin Spacing

A 0.025 5.341 1000 89 0.00185 164.65 230 230

AB 0.037 7.905 1000 89 0.00276 245.64 230 230
B 0.049 10.469 1000 89 0.00370 329.3 230 230

Structural Design 1 (Concrete)

Analysis and Design of Slabs
Structural Design 1 (Concrete)
Analysis and Design of Slabs