Part-I Write true if the statement is correct and false if the statement is wrong.

1. In real world there is a machine which is 100% efficient.

2. Efficiency is the ratio of work input to work output.

3. A fixed pulley is used to multiply a force.

4. Wedge is a double inclined plane.

5. The separation between each thread in the screw is known as a pitch.

Part II. Multiple choice

6. Which one is NOT correct about simple machine?

A) Machines help us to make work easier
B) Machines create energy to help us
C) Machines act as force multipliers
D) Machines act as speed multipliers

7. Which one of the following is the purpose of a simple machine?

A) Increasing volume C) Changing mass
C) Multiplying energy D) Multiplying force

8. If a machine raises a load to height of 8 m when effort is moved by 2m, then the machine is
A) Distance multiplier B) Force multiplier
C) Both force and speed multiplier D) Direction changer

9. An effort of 30 N is applied on a machine to raise a load of 150 N. By how much does the
machine multiply the force?
A) 3 B) 5 C) 7 D) 95.

10. A machine used 50 N effort through a distance of 8 m in order to lift a load of 100 N through a
distance of 4 m. What is the efficiency of the machine?
A) 70% B) 80% C) 90% D) 100%

11. Which of the following double wedges with different length ’l’ and thickness ’t’ offers the
greatest IMA?

A) I B) II C) III D) IV

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12. The diagram below shows a pair of gear wheels. The number of teeth on gear A is 32 and on B
is 16. Which of the following statement is correct when B is the driving gear?

A) the load is less than the effort and A rotates slower than B
B) the load is less than the effort and A rotates faster than B
C) the load is greater than the effort and A rotates slower than B
D) the load is greater than the effort and A rotates faster than B

13. The figure below represents a pulley system. If the pulley masses and frictional losses are ig-
nored, the machine is;

A) neither speed nor force multiplier

B) both speed and force multiplier
C) force multiplier
D) speed multiplier

14. Due to the presence of friction, the effort needed to slide a 600N load along the inclined plane
is 600N as shown in the diagram below. What is the efficiency of the inclined plane in lifting
the load to the 3m height?

A) 50% B) 60% C) 75% D)100%

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15. A block is sliding down on a surface inclined at an angle θ with the horizontal as shown in the
figure below. If the coefficient of friction between the block and the surface is µ , what is the
mechanical advantage of the inclined plane?

1 1 1 1
A) cos θ B) sin θ C. sin θ +µ cos θ D) µ cos θ

16. A weightlifter raised 210kg barbell from the ground to a height of 2m in 3s. what is the average
power output of the weightlifter? (Use g = 10m/s2 )
A) 1400W B) 4200W C) 700W D) 1260W

17. The diameters of the wheel and axle machine shown in the diagram below are 60cm and 6cm,
respectively. A 90N force applied to the rim of the wheel can lift a load of 810N on the axle.
The efficiency of machine is:

A) 81% B) 90% C) 10% D) 60%

18. Which of the following actions increases the efficiency of a machine?

A) decreasing the VR
B) decreasing the AMA
C) decreasing distance moved by the load
D) decreasing the load

19. The following figure shows a simple machine that consists of a light inflexible rope, light and
frictionless pulley, block of mass m, and applied force F. If the upper pulley is fixed and the
lower one is movable which of the following statements is not true?

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 A) the velocity ratio is 2.
B) the mechanical advantage is 2.
C) if m is raised vertically by h, then the rope where F is applied will move by a distance of h.
D) if m is raised vertically h, then the rope where F is applied will move by a distance of 2h.

20. A metallic wedge of thickness t = 1.5cm and length L = 9cm is used to split a wooden log
(wood). If a force FE = 80N applied on the wedge results to a load of FL = 320N on the log,
then which of the following statements is correct about the wedge.
A) the velocity ratio is 1/6
B) the mechanical advantage (MA) of the wedge is 1/4
C) the input work is 480J
D) the efficiency of the wedge is 66.7%

21. Consider the pulley system shown in the figure below Which of the following is correct about
the pulley system? (mass of pulleys and frictional forces are negligible)

A) Distances moved by the load and moved by the effort are equal.
B) If the effort moves 8cm, then the load will move 2cm
C) The mechanical advantage of the system is 1/4
D) The mechanical advantage of the system is 5

22. The mechanical advantage of any machine is the ratio of the

A. Force exerted by the machine to the force applied on it
B. Force applied to the machine to the force exerted by it
C. Work done on the machine to the work done by it
D. Work done by the machine to the work done on it

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23. A student wants to raise an object of mass m through a height h using an inclined plane that
makes an angle θ above the horizontal. If l is the length of the inclined surface, which of
the following is correct about the actual mechanical advantage (AMA) and ideal mechanical
advantage (IMA) of the inclined plane? [EUEE-2014]

A. In the presence of friction, its AMA is 1/ sin θ

B. In the presence of friction, AMA is sin θ and its IMA is cos θ
C. Neglecting friction, its AMA is 1/ sin θ
D. Neglecting friction, its IMA is 1/ cos θ

24. An inclined plane is 20m long and is inclined at an angle of 15o to the horizontal. If the effort
required to push a block of weight 3, 000N up the slope is 900N, what is the efficiency of the
inclined plane? [EUEE-2015]

A. 100% B. 86.7% C. 25.9% D. 30.0%

25. A 200N force is required to be applied at one end of a 1m long lever, 80cm from its fulcrum,
in order to lift a load of 600N placed at the other end as shown in the figure below. What id the
efficiency of the lever. [EUEE-2016]

A. 17% B. 25% C. 83% D. 75%

Part-III Work out and Short answer questions

26. A simple wheel and axle is used to lift the bucket of water out of a well. The radii of the wheel
and axle are 30 cm and 5 cm respectively. Determine:
a) The velocity ratio
b) The effort required to lift a load of 40 N assuming no energy losses.
c) The efficiency if the actual effort required is 20 N.

27. A block of weight 6000 N is pushed up the slope by a force of 300 N. Assume there is no energy
losses. Determine:
a) The actual mechanical advantage
b) The velocity ratio
c) The length of the slope if the height of the slope is 10 m.

28. A 12 cm long and a 3 cm wide wooden wedge is pushed into a soft wood block. Calculate:
a) The velocity ratio of the wedge.
b) The load on the soft wood if the effort applied is 20 N (assume there is no energy losses).

29. What is the mechanical advantage of a lever that can lift 100 N load with an input force of 20
N?

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30. A single movable pulley is being used to move a 140 N load. The pulley is a little dirty, so it
adds another 5 N of frictional force.
a) Can this load be moved with a 75 N input force? Explain your answer.
b) Would a single fixed pulley work? Explain your answer.
31. List six types of simple machines.
32. Define the terms: effort, load, work input, work output, AMA, V.R, and efficiency.
33. For every simple machine AMA < IMA. Why? Explain it.
34. Describe the three classes of lever and give practical example of each. Give two examples of
wedges.
35. What are simple machines?
36. Which concepts do we need to understand simple machines?
37. What type of simple machines do you use in your home?
38. What is the purpose of using simple machines?
39. How can we change the direction of force?
40. Is it possible to multiply energy?
41. How can we multiply a force or a speed?
42. What is the purpose of using a fixed single pulley to take water from a deep well?
43. What is the purpose of using an inclined plane to raise different objects in the truck?
44. What is the purpose of using a bicycle instead of walking or running on feet?
45. Does a machine multiply a force and distance at the same time? Explain.
46. Explain about the mechanical advantage of a simple machine.
47. What is the actual mechanical advantage?
48. What is the ideal mechanical advantage?
49. The hammer produces an output force 15 times greater than the force you apply to it (the input
force). What is the mechanical advantage of hammer?
50. A load of 400 N is lifted by applying a force of 160 N on the lever. What is the mechanical
advantage of the lever?
51. Complete the following table

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52. A load of 200 N is lifted by applying a force of 80 N on the lever. If the load is 10 cm from the
fulcrum and the effort is 40 cm from the fulcrum, calculate the V.R of the lever.

53. What is the purpose of a machine if:

a) V.R > 1 b) V.R < 1 c) M.A > 1 d) M.A < 1

54. Complete the following table

55. A simple machine provides a work output 80 J for every 400 J of work input.
a) What is the efficiency of a simple machine?
b) What will be the work output of this simple machine if 2000 J of work goes to a machine?

56. The efficiency of a machine is 0.75 (or 75%). What is the physical meaning of this statement?

57. What is the efficiency of a machine with M.A = 3 and V.R = 6?

58. What you conclude if M.A = V.R? Write your conclusion in a piece of paper and present it to
the whole class.

59. Is it possible for a machine to increase both the magnitude and the distance of a force at the
same time? Explain.

60. Simple machines in real world are not 100% efficient. Why?

61. Is it possible to transfer all input energy to output energy using simple machines?

62. Name the different parts of lever.

63. List some examples of lever that people are use in your local area.

64. Is lever speed multiplier or force multiplier?

65. Lever can be used as a force multiplying or speed multiplying simple machine with different
arrangements. write the cases.

66. A load of 200 N is lifted by applying a force of 80 N on the lever. If the load is 10 cm from the
fulcrum and the effort is 40 cm from the fulcrum, calculate:
a) The V.R of the lever
b) The M.A of the lever
c) Efficiency

67. For what purpose do people use an inclined plane in your local area? Observe and discuss.

68. Why is it easier to push a heavy object up an inclined plane than directly lifting it?

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69. How can you can make your inclined plane have large value of velocity ratio?

70. Calculate the velocity ratio (V.R) of:

(a) A slope of length 30 m that raises an object to a height of 5 m.
(b) A slope that makes an angle of 370 to the horizontal and raises an object to a height of 60
m.

71. A slope of length 40 m raises an object to a height of 8 m above the ground. An effort of 80 N
is needed to push a 240 N object up the inclined plane. Calculate:
(a) M.A (b) V.R (c) Efficiency

72. What is a wedge?

73. For what purpose do people use wedge in your community?

74. List examples of wedges used in your surroundings.

75. What is the difference between an inclined plane and a wedge?

76. For what purpose do people use a screw?

77. For a wheel and axle, discuss the distance moved by the effort in comparison to the distance
moved by the load.

78. The diameter of the wheel is 20 times greater than the diameter of the axle. What is the me-
chanical advantage of this wheel and axle system?

79. What is a pulley?

80. List different types of pulleys?

81. What is the purpose of using fixed and movable pulleys?

82. In a compound pulley discuss the purposes of a fixed pulley and a movable pulley?

83. Construct or design pulley systems with:

a) V.R = 3 b) V.R = 4 c) V.R = 5 d) V.R = 6

84. Suppose a machine when an effort of 300N is moved through a distance of 2m and it moves a
load through a distance of 0.4m. What is the maximum load that the machine lifts?

85. A simple machine is used to move a 600N load through a distance of 25cm when an input force
of 30N is moved through a distance of 5m. Determine the
a) work input
b) work output
c) Actual Mechanical Advantage
d) Velocity Ratio
e) Ideal Mechanical Advantage
f) Efficiency of the machine

86. Derive the formula for Efficiency of inclined plane.

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87. Calculate the IMA or the VR for the following
a) A slope of length 20m that rises to a height of 5m.
b) A slope length 100m that rises to the same height.
c) A slope that is at an angle of 300 to the horizontal and rises to a height of 50m.

88. A slope of 50m rises to a height of 10m above the ground. An effort of 100N is needed to push
a 250N object up the ramp, determine the
a) AMA b) VR c) Efficiency of the machine

89. a) A lever of 2m long is used to pull out a stone. If the load is 25cm away from the fulcrum,
what is the velocity ratio of the lever?
b) If the efficiency of this machine is 80%, what effort is required to pull out a 560N stone?

90. A 2m long lever is used as a second class lever to move a 240N load.
a) If the distance between the load and the effort is 160cm, what is the velocity ratio of this
lever?
b) What effort is required to move this load if the lever is 100

91. A wheel and axle used to lift water weighting a 570N from a well has a wheel of radius 40cm
and radius of axle 10cm.
a) What is the velocity ratio of the machine if the effort is applied on the wheel?
b) What is the efficiency of this machine if the effort applied to the load is one-thirds of the load

92. A simple machine supplies a work output of 250J for every 1250J of work input. What is the
efficiency of the machine?

93. The mechanical Advantage of a windlass is 4. What effort will be applied to the windlass to
raise a 24kg water from a well?

94. A certain simple machine is used to lift a 400N load through a distance of 20cm when a force
50N is moved through a distance of 2m.
i) Calculate the
a) work output
b) work input
c) AMA
d) VR
e) IMA
f) efficiency of the machine
ii) Is it a force multiplier or a speed multiplier?

95. a) What is the MA of a simple machine having a velocity ratio of 15 and efficiency of 80%?
b) What is the load if the effort applied is 150N?

96. The efficiency of a certain machine is 85%. What work input is supplied into this machine to
get 1700J of work output?

97. The screw shaft makes a full circumference of 24.6πcm while it is driven 0.6πcm into a wooden
block. What is the IMA of the screw?

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 98. An inclined plane is used to rise a load to a height of 6m through a distance of 10m. If the
coefficient of friction between the load and the surface is 0.5, calculate the
i) VR or IMA of the inclined plane.
ii) AMA of the inclined plane.
iii) efficiency of the inclined plane.

99. The handle of a screw is 40cm long. If the screw has 4 threads for every cm, find the velocity
ratio of the machine.

100. Write down at least five examples of

i) force multiplier machines
ii) speed multiplier machine.

101. The efficiency of the pulley system shown figure (a) below is 70%. What effort is applied on it
in order to lift a 1050N load?

102. If the pulley system given in Figure (b) to the right is frictionless and F=30N, what is the
a) VR of the system? b) weight suspended at P?

103. If the efficiency of the pulley system in Figure (b) is 80%, what is the a) AMA of the pulley
system? b) weight suspended at P if F=20N?

104. List the six kinds of simple machine.

105. Define the terms: effort, load, work input, work output, AMA, VR, efficiency and IMA.

106. A simple machine is able to move a 400 N load a distance of 20 cm when a force of 20 N is
moved through a distance of 5.0 m. Calculate:
a) the work input
b) the work output
c) the actual mechanical advantage
d) the velocity ratio
e) the efficiency of the machine
f) the ideal mechanical advantage.

107. A simple machine has an efficiency of 0.75 and a VR of 12. Determine the MA and the load
that can be moved if an effort of 100 N is applied.

108. Calculate the VR (and so the IMA) for the following:

a. A slope of length 20 m that rises to a height of 5 m.
b. A slope of length 100 m that rises to the same height.

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109. A slope that is at an angle of 30° to the horizontal and rises to a height of 50 m.

110. A slope of length 50 m rises to a height of 10 m above the ground. An effort of 100 N is needed
to push a 250 N object up the ramp. Calculate:
a. AMA b. VR c. efficiency

111. For an inclined plane derive η = hl .

112. A block of weight 5000 N is pushed up a slope by a force of 250 N. Assume there is no friction.
Calculate:
a) the actual mechanical advantage
b) the velocity ratio
c) the length of the slope if the height of the slope is 10 m.

113. An inclined plane is 100 m long and at an angle of 20° to the horizontal. The AMA of the slope
is two. Calculate:
a) the effort required to push a 7200 N block up the slope
b) the ideal mechanical advantage
c) the efficiency of the slope.

114. Describe the differences between a wedge and an inclined plane.

115. Explain how a lever can act as a force multiplier.

116. For the following simple see-saw calculate:

a) the load that could be lifted
b) the mechanical advantage (assume the lever is 100efficient).

117. A simple wheel and axle is used to lift a bucket of water out of a well. The radii of the wheel
and axle are 20 cm and 4 cm, respectively. Determine:
a) the velocity ratio (and so the IMA)
b) the theoretical effort required to lift a load of 30 N assuming no energy losses
c) the efficiency if the actual effort required is 10 N.

118. Describe the three different types of pulley.

119. Explain why for every simple machine the actual mechanical advantage is less than the ideal
mechanical advantage.

120. By giving an example of a simple machine (including its dimensions) explain what is meant by
force multiplier, speed multiplier and direction changer.

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121. An inclined plane rises to a height of 2 m over a distance of 6 m. Calculate:
a) the angle of the slope
b) the VR (and so IMA) of the inclined plane
c) the theoretical force required to push an object with a mass of 200 kg up the slope.

122. Give three examples of wedges.

123. A 10 cm long, 2 cm wide wooden wedge is pushed into a soft wood block. Calculate:
a) the velocity ratio of the wedge
b) the load on the soft wood if the effort applied is 30 N (assuming the wedge is 100% efficient).

124. Explain how screws could be considered to be similar to inclined planes.

125. Describe the three classes of lever and give a practical example of each.

126. Explain how a jackscrew is used and how to calculate its ideal mechanical advantage.

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