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2.Arrays-One-Dimensional

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2.Arrays-One-Dimensional

Uploaded by

saffronstunicorn
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ARRAYS

ONE DIMENSIONAL
Objectives

▷ Define arrays;
▷ Declare and create an array;
▷ Access elements of an array

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What is an Array?

▷ collection of a fixed no. of components


where in all components are of the same
data type.
▷ a sequence of objects all of which have the
same data type.

3
What is an Array?

▷ used to store a collection of data, but it is


often more useful to think of an array as a
collection of variables of the same type
stored at contiguous memory locations.

4
Array
Elements

12 15 20 16 1 7 9 17

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Index

5
Array Components
Element Index/Subscript
▷ how each of these ▷ specifies the position of the
objects are called. elements of the array. How
▷ the values inside the the elements of an array are
array numbered consecutively as
0,1,2, 3...
▷ the index of an array always
starts with 0.

6
Declaring an Array

▷ To declare an array in C#, you can use the


following syntax:

datatype[] arrayName;

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where:

▷ datatype is used to specify the type


of elements to be stored in the array.
▷ [ ] specifies the rank of the array. The
rank specifies the size of the array.
▷ arrayName specifies the name of the
array.

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Example:

double [] balance;

int [] num;

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Initializing an Array:

▷ Declaring an array does not initialize


the array in the memory. When the
array variable is initialized, you can
assign values to the array.
▷ Array is a reference type, so you
need to use the new keyword to
create an instance of the array.
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Example:

double[] balance = new double[10];

int[] num = new int[5];

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Assigning values to Array:

▷ You can assign values to individual array


elements, by using the index number,
like:

double[] balance = new


double[10];
balance[0] = 4500.0;
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Assigning values to Array:

▷ You can assign values to the array at the


time of declaration, like:

double[] balance = {2340.0, 4523.69, 3421.0};

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Assigning values to Array:

▷ You can also create and initialize an array,


like:

int [] marks = new int[5] { 99, 98, 92, 97,


95};

14
Accessing Array Elements

▷ An element is accessed by indexing the


array name. This is done by placing the
index of the element within square
brackets after the name of the array. For
example:

double salary = balance[9];


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Example 1:
string [] cars = {“Mazda”, “Subaru”, “Toyota”, “Chery”, “BMW”};

Console.WriteLine(cars[2]);
Console.WriteLine(cars[0]);
Console.WriteLine(cars[1]);
Console.WriteLine(cars[3]);
Console.WriteLine(cars[4]);

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Example 1:
string [] cars = {“Mazda”, “Subaru”, “Toyota”, “Chery”, “BMW”};

for (int i = 0; i < cars.Length; i++)


{
Console.WriteLine(cars[i]);
}

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Example 2:

int[] evenNums = { 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 };

for(int i = 0; i < evenNums.Length; i++)


evenNums[i] = evenNums[i] + 10;

for(int i = 0; i < evenNums.Length; i++)


Console.WriteLine(evenNums[i]);

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Example 3:
int[] evenNums = { 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 };
int temp=0;
for(int x=0; x<evenNums.Length; x+=2)
{
temp=evenNums[x];
evenNums[x]=evenNums[x+1];
evenNums[x+1]=temp;
}
for(int y=0; y<evenNums.Length; y++)
Console.Write(evenNums[y] + " ");
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Array Index out of bounds

▷ This exception will typically occur when


a statement tries to access an element
at an index greater than the maximum
allowable index. The example program
below will display an error saying “array
index out of bounds”.

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Array Index out of bounds

double[] a = new double[] { 23.3, 4.5,7.9 };

for (int i = 0; i < 7; i++)


{
Console.WriteLine(a[i]);
}
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Array Length

To find out how many elements an array


has, use the Length property:

string[] cars = {"Volvo", "BMW", "Ford", "Mazda"};


Console.WriteLine(cars.Length);

// Outputs 4
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Array Sort

string[] cars = {"Volvo", "BMW", "Ford", "Mazda"};


Array.Sort(cars);
for(int i = 0; i < cars.Length; i++)
{
Console.WriteLine(cars[i]);
}

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Array Sort

int[] myNumbers = {5, 1, 8, 9};


Array.Sort(myNumbers);
for(int i = 0; i < myNumbers.Length; i++)
{
Console.WriteLine(myNumbers[i]);
}

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