Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Computing Methodologies and Communication (ICCMC-2023)

IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP23K25-ART; ISBN: 978-1-6654-6408-6

Robotic Process Automation for Automating

Business Processes: A use case
Vivek Bhardwaj Virender
School of Computer Science and Engineering, Lovely University Center for Research & Development (UCRD),
Professional University, Jalandhar, India Chandigarh University, Punjab, India
[email protected]

M ukesh Kumar Deepak Thakur, Vikas Lamba

2023 7th International Conference on Computing Methodologies and Communication (ICCMC) | 978-1-6654-6408-6/23/$31.00 ©2023 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/ICCMC56507.2023.10083859

School of Computer Application, Lovely Professional Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and
University, Jalandhar, India Technology, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India

Abstract— Numerous advances and changes have been this kind of automation builds on the capabilities of RPA [6]
brought about by digitalization in both our daily lives and the [7]. Core capabilities for RPA software tools must include
business world. RPA is an all-purpose technology for developing the following:
specialized agents, or "bots," that communicate with GUI
components to carry out routine, rule-based operations. Anyone 1. The ability to develop low-code automation solutions
can utilize the RPA to automate digital operations. RPA 2. Conversion to commercial applications
deployment in business processes can help to provide better service
and guarantee that processes adhere to more efficiency and 3. Configuration, monitoring, and security are all part of
accuracy. The objective of this study is to enable human workers to orchestration and administration.
assign their regular generic repetitive tasks to a software bot,
freeing them up to concentrate on more challenging and difficult With diverse capabilities, many RPA suppliers are fighting
activities. This study presents a methodology for implementing for customers' attention in the market. Co mmercial providers'
RPA to extract employee information from the XM L pages. RPA tools are in high demand right now [6]. Top RPA
performers and industry leaders include Automation
Keywords— RPA, Business Processes, Automation Anywhere, UiPath, EdgeVerve Systems, Pegasystems, Nice,
Anywhere, Software BOT WorkFusion, Kofax, Redwood Software, and Blue Prism [8]
[9]. Figure 1 shows the description of the RPA and the
I. INT RODUCT ION cognitive automation.
Robotic process automation (RPA) is a technology tool
that uses business logic and structured inputs to automate
business and repetitive processes. A company can develop
software, or a "bot," using RPA technologies to record and
understand applications for handling transactions, changing
data, getting feedback, and communicating with other digital
systems. Nu merous bots are developed and trained to
automate the repetitive tasks in an ERP system are sent out in
RPA scenarios, as well as automated email responses [1] [2].
By deploying scripts that simulate hu man activities, RPA
technologies execute a variety of jobs and transactions
autonomously across unrelated software systems. By Figure 1. RPA v/s cognitive automation
performing business process activities at a large volu me The content of the article is divided into the following
using rule-based software, this type of automation frees up sections. The succeeding section provides a summary of
human resources to focus on more difficult jobs. RPA gives previous studies in the RPA field. An analysis of the
CIOs and other decision-makers the ability to quicken the implementation strategy for the use case utilizing the RPA
process of their staff's digital transformation and increase comes next. We covered the evaluation findings of the
their return on investment (ROI) [3] [4] [5]. RPA solutions developed RPA bot in section four. In the final section, the
use scripts to deploy a variety of tasks and transactions main points of the article have been condensed.
autonomously across unconnected software systems. This
type of automation automates business process activities
using rule-based software in a large-scale manner, freeing up II. RELAT ED WORK
human resources to focus on harder tasks . RPA gives CIOs This section is used to present the previous work done in
and other decision-makers the ability to expedite their staff's the field of RPA.
ROI and digital transformation efforts. In order to provide better services and ensure that
To compete in the market, RPA solutions must expand processes adhere to norms and regulations, Syaiful et al 's
their product lines to include intelligent automation (IA), [10] study focuses on using RPA in the HR department. In
which goes beyond task automation. With the inclusion of contrast to a manual p rocedure carried out by a human, the
artificial intelligence subfields like natural language authors' work aims to show how effective and efficient RPA
processing (NLP), mach ine learning, and computer vision, is in the Human Resource Management System. In

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 Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Computing Methodologies and Communication (ICCMC-2023)
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP23K25-ART; ISBN: 978-1-6654-6408-6

comparison to humans, the results reveal that the bots did

the tasks consistently and accurately with no errors.
Andrzej Sobczak in [11] used the RPA as a Digital
transformation tool for Increasing Organizational Resilience
in Po lish Enterprises. The purpose of the study was to create
a taxono my of strategies for positioning RPA in businesses.
The three sorts of positioning the author s uggested for
robotic process automation in businesses are
"Conservative," "Efficiency increasing," and "Strategic."
Using RPA, as well as Correction Process Automation
(CoPA ), authors in [12] attempted to increase organizat ional
productivity. Research explains the agile approach of hu man
collaboration as well as the CoPA method combined with
MS Office. According to the findings, CoPA increased
corporate productivity in terms of time usage and document
quality while producing more than 98% fewer errors and
using only 50% of the time of a human workforce.
To minimise resources and successfully optimise
procedures in relation to customers, the authors developed a
bot for call centre business operations [13]. The developed
bot was tested against all customers fro m two states in 40
areas, and it considers three years' worth of h istorical data to
identify customers who are most likely to complain about a
power outage.
The authors of [14] offer a methodology for choosing
candidate tasks which are auto mated with the help of RPA
based on process mining and user interface data. An RPA
solution "has enabled the insurer to guarantee 99.99 percent
avail-ab ility of its critica l systems," according to the
findings of a case study [15]. A long with this authors in
[16][17] assert that software robots' 24/7 schedule ensures
dependability and continuity of service. According to a
survey [1], corporations view RPA as a tool to assist them
provide customers with excellent service, while a different
study [18] said that RPA can result in revolutionary client
experiences. Authors in [19] [20] highlighted how impo rtant
automatization and robotics technologies are, and they
briefly discuss how they've been used RPA in the covid-19
pandemic. Ju lia Siderska talked about the use of RPA
technology in [19]. to ensure business operations during the
COVID-19 Pandemic.

III. M ET HODOLOGY AND PROCESS USE CASE

The first stages before RPA is imp lemented into the system Figure 2. Methodology used for implementing RPA
during this stage are an analysis and design method that
establish the research requirements. These steps are essential The developed Bot is expected to do the follo wing
for properly configuring and deploying a robot and for tasks. The Bot needs to open the XML file. In the
establishing a convincing business case for the system. RPA
XM L, the Bot needs to read data row by row and do the
can automate the selection of emp loyees who are eligib le fo r check for gratuity elig ibility for all the employee. The
the gratuity each month once the regulations have been organization checks gratuity eligib ility of their
entered into the system. Figure 2 shows the steps followed
employees based on the given criteria:
for automating the business processes. a. Number of years in the organization >= 5
In this use case, we have developed a Bot using b. Overall performance rating >= 5
Automation Anywhere Enterprise to auto mate a process and
c. City should be NY
business rules outlined below d. State should be New York.
1. Open the XM L file wh ich contains Employee All the data must be entered in the Employee.xls x file. The
Information for all the emp loyees in the
Bot should read the Excel row by row and send an email
organization. notification to each employee with the following details:
2. Every month the eligib ility of emp loyees for a. Years of Service in the Organization
gratuity should be reviewed using the XML file.
b. Rating
3. The eligib le candidate list should be extracted in c. Eligibility for gratuity
the .xlsx file format.

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 Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Computing Methodologies and Communication (ICCMC-2023)
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP23K25-ART; ISBN: 978-1-6654-6408-6

The steps followed to automate a process and business

rules using the Automation Anywhere Enterprise are
explained below. The eligible emp loyee info rmation
extracted fro m the XM L file contains the follo wing
informat ion FirstName, LastName, ContactNo, Email, City,
State Zip, Years, Performance, Gratuity-Eligib ility
which is shown in figure 3. Figure 3. Eligible employee’s records

XML : Start XML Session using existing file "C:\Users\vivek\Desktop\usercase1\Employee.xml" Session:Default

XML : Get Multiple Nodes from XPath expression "/Company/Employee[Years>=5 and Performance >=5]". Session:Default
Start Loop "Each Node In a XML Dataset Session: Default"
XM L : Get Single Node value fro m XPath location "$XM L Data Node(1)$/FirstName" and assign to variable "$v_FN$".
Session:Default
XM L : Get Single Node value fro m XPath location "$XM L Data Node(1)$/LastName" and assign to variable "$v_LN$".
Session:Default
XM L : Get Single Node value fro m XPath location " $XM L Data Node(1)$/ ContactNo" and a ssign to variable "$v_CN$".
Session:Default
XM L : Get Single Node value fro m XPath location "$XM L Data Node(1)$/ Email" and assign to variable
"$v_email$". Session:Default
XM L : Get Single Node value fro m XPath location "$XM L Data Node(1)$/ Years " and assign to variable
"$v_years$". Session:Default
XM L : Get Sing le Node value fro m XPath location "$XM L Data Node(1)$/Performance" and assign to variable
"$v_Perf$". Session:Default
XM L : Get Single Node value from XPath location "$XM L Data Node(1)$/Address/City" and assign to variable
"$v_city$". Session:Default
XM L : Get Single Node value fro m XPath location "$XM L Data Node(1)$/Address/State" and assign to variable
"$v_state$". Session:Default
XM L : Get Single Node value fro m XPath location "$XM L Data Node(1)$/Address/Zip" and assign to variable
"$v_zip$". Session:Default
If $v_city$ Equal To (=) "NY" AND $v_state$ Equal To (=) "New York" Then
Excel: Open Spreadsheet "C:\Users\vivek\Desktop\usercase1\Employee.xls x". ActiveSheet: "Defau lt". Contains
Header. Session: Default1
Excel: Set value of Cell "A$c$" with "$v_FN$". Session: Default1
Excel: Set value of Cell "B$c$" with "$v_LN$". Session: Default1
Excel: Set value of Cell "C$c$" with "$v_CN$". Session: Default1
Excel: Set value of Cell "D$c$" with "$v_email$". Session: Default1
Excel: Set value of Cell "E$c$" with "$v_city$". Session: Default1
Excel: Set value of Cell "F$c$" with "$v_state$". Session: Default1
Excel: Set value of Cell "G$c$" with "$v_zip$". Session: Default1
Excel: Set value of Cell "H$c$" with "$v_years$". Session: Default1
Excel: Set value of Cell "I$c$" with "$v_Perf$". Session: Default1
Excel: Set value of Cell "J$c$" with "YES". Session: Default1
Variable Operation: $c$+1 To $c$
End If
End Loop
Excel: Close Spreadsheet. Session: Default1
XML : End XML Session. Session:Default
Excel: Open Spreadsheet "C:\Users\vivek\Desktop\usercase1\Employee.xls x". ActiveSheet: "Defau lt". Contains
Header. Session: Default
Excel: Get All Cells Session: Default
Start Loop "Each row in an Excel dataset of Session: Default"
Send Email: Subject "Congratulations"
End Loop
Excel: Close Spreadsheet. Session: Default
If File Does Not Exist ("C:\Users\vivek\Desktop\usercase1\[email protected]_bot_1_output.xlsx") Then
Copy Files "C:\Users\vivek\Desktop\usercase1\Employee.xlsx" to "C:\Users\vivek\Desktop\usercase1"
End If
by software RPA bots. The results of the bot are measured
IV. BOT EVALUATION RESULTS AND DISCUSSION in terms of the time (speed), and accuracy of the record
In this section analysis and evaluation of the developed bot processing. For testing the developed RPA bot, we have
is done. The analysis compares data measurement carried developed 5 different cases. Table 1 shows the total number
out manually to data measurement carried out automatically of employees record used in each test case.

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 Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Computing Methodologies and Communication (ICCMC-2023)
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP23K25-ART; ISBN: 978-1-6654-6408-6

Figure 4, illustrates the stark contrast in processing speed

Test Case # Of records in XML between human and RPA bot across the five test cases.
file Fro m the results we found that human takes 18.75 times
1 8 more than the bot. Fro m the figure it is clear, as the number
of employee records increases the human takes more time to
2 10
process the informat ion. As in case 5, for processing 18
3 12
records human takes 1590 seconds whereas RPA bot
4 15 performed the same task in 55 seconds which is 28.9 times
5 18 higher.

Human vs RPA Bot

1800
1590
1600
1400 1260
1200 1033
Time (Sec)

1000 850
800
600
600
400
200 32 36 40 45
0
1 2 3 4 5
Test Case
Figure 4. Processing time of human v/s RPA bot

Figure 5, illustrates the stark contrast in processing accuracy accuracy where as bot provides 100% accuracy. With the
between human and RPA bot across the developed test increase in the amount of records accuracy of the humans
cases. From the results we found that in the test case 1 both reduced to 86 and 84% in test case 3 and 4. Whereas RPA
the human and bot provide 100% accuracy in processing the bot provides 100% accuracy for processing larger nu mber o f
emp loyes records. For processing the 10 records in test case records.
2 and 12 records in test case 3 human provides 90%

Human vs RPA Bot

105
100 100 100 100 100 100
100
Accuracy (%)

95
90 90
90
86
84
85

80

75
1 2 3 4 5
Test Case

Human
Figure 5. Processing Accuracy of RPA Bot
human v/s RPA bot
volume and quality. Robots are also quicker, mo re
V. CONCLUSION dependable, and more accurate. In this work, we have
RPA bots can complete a task every day (24/7), constantly, developed a software bot to automate a repetitive business
without human supervision, and they can accomplish tasks process. Bot was tested against five different test cases and
without making mistakes, which produces data of high test cases contains eight to eighteen employees’ records .

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 Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Computing Methodologies and Communication (ICCMC-2023)
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP23K25-ART; ISBN: 978-1-6654-6408-6

Fro m the results, we found that the developed bot processes Process Automation in Human Resource Management,”
Sustainability, vol. 14, no. 7, p. 3920, 2022, doi:
the employee’s information faster than the humans. Along
10.3390/su14073920.
with this, processes automated with RPA are accurate and
[11] A. Sobczak, “Robotic Process Automation as a Digital
more r eliable. The developed bot provides 100% accuracy Transformation Tool for Increasing Organizational Resilience in
where as humans gives the 84% to 100% accurate results. Polish Enterprises,” Sustain., vol. 14, no. 3, 2022, doi:
The study clearly demonstrates the advantages of employing 10.3390/su14031333.
RPA, which generates error-free output at a faster [12] Y. Hyun, D. Lee, U. Chae, and J. Ko, “applied sciences
processing rate. Improvement of Business Productivity by Applying Robotic
Process Automation,” 2021.
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