Republic of the Philippines

Province of Sorsogon
Municipality of Donsol
DONSOL COMMUNITY COLLEGE
Tres Marias Drive, Donsol, Sorsogon
__________________________________________________________________________________
PROF ED 6

MODULE 1
LESSON 1: THE EMERGING ROLE AND
TECHNOLOGY OF ADULT EDUCATION

PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION
Module 1: The Emerging Role of and Technology of Adult Education

Republic Act 8293 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the
Government of the
Philippines.However, prior approval approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for
profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as acondition the
payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e. songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand
names, trademark, etc.) include in this book is owned by thier respective copyright
holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these
materials from thier respective copyright owners. The publisher and the author do
not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Module Development Team

SPECIAL RESEARCH PROJECT
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Writer: WALTER M. BELBES
Editor : JOAQUIN G. ATAYZA, MATEA
Checked and Reviewed by: JOAQUIN G. ATAYZA, MATEA
EDUARDO A. POLLARCA, MAED
LINEL A. JACINTO
Layout: RENE C. BAROLA, MAM

This module is a property of Donsol Community College. No portion/s of this

instructional material may be reproduced or used without the permission of Donsol
Community College. This module is not for sale.
 Welcome to this self- learning module on Andargogy of Learning Including
Principles of Trainers Methodology 1. This focus on the application of adult learning
principles and learning styles in implementing training program. In accomplishing
this learning material, yuo have to answer first the Pre- Assessment, study the
lesson in Read and Study and answer and perform the Learning Engagement. After
doing so, you may take the Post- Assessment to determine the knowledge, skills
and attitudes you have gained from this lesson.
To enhance your competence, you have also to accomplish Going Further
found in this module. Thank you and Goodluck.

After completing the module you should be able to:

-Demonstrate understanding of the merging role and technology of adult education.

PRELIMINARY ACTIVITIES
Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it is otherwise.
______1. Accelerating change are changes in social and cultural perspective of
society.
______2. Technological changes has profound impact in all aspects of human life
including education.
______3. Knowledge can be acquired and skill sets developed anywhere and happens
all the time.
______4. Focus on teaching gives student more opportunity to be independent.
______5. There is only one learning delivery suited to diverse learners.

Write the letter of your correct answer on the blank.

______1. Which of the following is the effect of technology in the classroom?
a. Decreases learners motivation
b. Fixation of student and teachers role
c. More collaboration with peers
d. Worsen design skills/ attention to audience
_______2. Which of the following is the best definition of lifelong learning?
a. The continuous quest to seek formal or informal education.
b. Learning that end in high school
c. Learning that is gained through formal education only
d. Learning that is gained through informal education only.
_______3. Which of the following is not a primary purpose of education?
a. To facilitate change in a dynamic society
b. To support and maintain the good social order
c. To promote productivity
d. To promote an illiterate individual
e. _______4. Which context of life- long learning includes professional
development and on- the- job training?
a. Adult education c. home schooling
b. Knowledge work d. continuing education
_______5. Which of the following is not an example of life- long learning?
a. Taking personal interest courses
b. Attending apprenticeship program
c. Taking vocational/ technical programs
d. Stagnate innate skills/ talent
 READ AND STUDY

In a World of Accelerating Change

Accelerating change is a perceived increase in the rate of technological
change throughout history, which may suggest faster and more profound change in
the future and may or may not be accompanied by equally profound social and
cultural change.
The accelerating rate of change makes it difficult to stay innovative,
especially because processes that worked in the past are becoming less and less
effective.
In The Technological Society (1964), Ellul declared, "Modern technology has
become a total phenomenon for civilization, the defining force of a new social order
in which efficiency is no longer an option but a necessity imposed on all human
activity."
Technology is increasingly growing it’s importance in the education sector.
The more technology advances, the more benefits it provides for students at every
education level.

Advantages Οf Technology Integration Ιn Τhe Education Sphere

The teaching strategies based on educational
technology can be described as ethical practices that
facilitate the students’ learning and boost their
capacity, productivity, and performance. Technology
integration in education inspires positive changes in
teaching methods on an international level. The
following list of benefits will help you come to a final
conclusion.
1. Technology makes teaching easy!
Aren’t you tired of giving theoretical
explanations your students cannot understand? You
simply cannot discover a way of presenting tough
concepts that makes the concept clear for each and
every student in the class. Technology has that power! Thanks to audio-visual
presentations, your students will understand exactly how the knowledge is applied
in practice. You can use projectors and computer presentations to deliver any type
of lesson or instruction and improve the level of comprehension within the class.
2. Technology helps you track students’ progress!
You are no longer limited to a plain-old diary and notes about every student.
That would only get you confused. Today, you can rely on platforms and tools that
enable you to keep track of the individual achievements of your students.
3. Educational technology is good to the environment!
Can you imagine the amount of paper and number of trees that would be
saved if every school decided to introduce digital textbooks? Of course, that goal is
far from realistic at this point, but you can make a change when you start from your
own class. For example, you can instruct your students to take online tests and
submit their papers and homework through email. You can also encourage them to
use eReader to go through the literature you assign.
4. Thanks to technology, students enjoy learning!
Students are addicted to Facebook, Pinterest, Instagram, Digg, and other
websites from a very early age. The internet can distract them from the learning
process, but you can also use their inclination to spend time online for a good
purpose: Making learning enjoyable. Use touch-screen technology and online
presentations to make the classes more interactive. You can also rely on technology
when you want your students to take part in discussions. Set up a private Facebook
group for your class and inspire constructive conversations!
5. Technology makes distance learning more accessible than ever!
 Without the wonders of the internet, people wouldn’t be able to get access to
any type of information at the very moment they think of it. Today, distance
learning is one of the most trending learning methods. Virtual lessons are slowly
taking the place of traditional lectures. Students can organize their time in a way
that works for them, and they can easily gain the knowledge they are interested
in. For example, let’s say one of your
students shows great interest in
Astronomy, but the traditional
curriculum does nothing to feed that
hunger for knowledge. You can
recommend him/her to take
beginner’s course that offers high-
quality virtual lectures.
6. Students and teachers can access
information at any time!
This is possibly the most
obvious benefit of technology. When
old-school teachers were students, they had to spend hours in the library looking for
the information they needed. Today, technology integration makes everything
different and simpler. Students can easily access newspapers, scientific articles,
studies, and any other type of content online. They can write better, deeper
academic papers because they can support their arguments with more
evidence. When you give a lecture the students don’t understand, they can find
simpler instructions and information with a single Google search.
7. Technology makes collaboration more effective!
Think about the way collaboration looks like in a traditional classroom setting.
You organize groups, assign the projects, and suddenly the class becomes a
complete mess. Some students express their opinions too loudly and firmly, while
others don’t get an opportunity to be heard. Online tools and apps offer a unique
setting for students to engage in a group project. They can do the work from home;
the team is connected through the Internet and everyone is inspired by the focused
environment.

Technology is the powerful tool that can support and transform education in
many ways. Technological changes allow teachers to access information on a global
scale via the internet, to enhance their lesson. Likewise, students can use vast
resources on the internet to enrich their learning experience.

A New Conception of the Purpose of Education

Each individual teacher has an opinion about what the core purpose of
education should be, not only in their own classroom but also in school in general.
Many issues occur when differing opinions about the purpose of education collide. It
is important to recognize that other people, including many of your coworkers,
administrators, and your students' parents might have a different point of view
concerning what education should be all about.

Knowledge to Get By
Imbuing students with the knowledge to get by is an old-school belief. It's the
idea that schools need to provide students with the knowledge they need to be
functional adults in their day-to-day lives. They need to know how to read, write,
and do arithmetic. These are the core topics that form the foundation of a student's
education.

Knowledge of Subject Matter Being Taught

The purpose of education to some teachers is to impart knowledge about the
subject matter they are teaching without much thought to other classes. While it's
important for students to have a firm grasp of each subject, this can sometimes be
problematic. When taken to the extreme, these teachers focus on their own subject
matter as being more important than what students are learning in other classes.
For example, teachers who are unwilling to compromise their own subject matter
for the good of the students can cause problems for the school by not being open to
cross-curricular activities.

Creating Thoughtful Citizens

The desire to create thoughtful adults might be considered another old-school
belief. However, this is held by many individuals, especially within the larger
community. Students will someday be a part of a community and need the skills to
exist within that society as thoughtful citizens. For example, they will need to be
able to vote in presidential elections.

Self Esteem and Confidence

While the self-esteem movement often gets ridiculed, we do want our
students to feel confident about their learning abilities. This way, they not only have
a firm grasp on each subject but also the confidence to apply that knowledge in
everyday life. It's important to nurture a strong balance between encouraging good
self-esteem and assuaging unrealistic goals.

Learn How to Learn

Learning how to learn is one of the key elements of education. Schools need
to teach students how to find the information they will need once they leave school.
Therefore it is important for future success that the students understand how to find
answers to any questions and problems that might arise.

Lifelong Habits for Work

Many of the lessons that schools teach are necessary for success in their
students' future lives. As adults, they will need to be able to get to work on time,
dress and behave appropriately, and get their work done in a timely manner. These
lessons are reinforced on a daily basis in schools around the nation.

Teach Students How to Live

Finally, some individuals look at school in a more holistic manner. Not only do
students learn information from their individual subjects, but they also learn
life lessons in and out of class. Proper work etiquette should be reinforced in the
classroom, students need to learn how to deal with others in a cooperative manner,
and they must learn how to acquire the information they might need in the future.
One of the things that many business leaders cite as being necessary for
future workers is the ability to work as part of a team and problem solve.
Goal of Modern Education
With the advent of technology, the traditional purpose of education also
changes to adapt to this rapid change. Below are some of the modern goal of
education.
1. Skill- based education is the need of the future- Education is not just teaching
the prescribed syllabus but opening the mind to multiple possibilities,
imbibing life skills and preparation for being entrepreneurial, in every walk of
life.
2. Engaging modern teaching methodology- Modern teaching methodology is
focused on thinking and analytical skills. The transferable abstract thinking
skills and reflective observation in students helps in developing future
careers. It lays the foundation to holistic educational practices that create an
environment that facilitates life- long learning, engages students natural
curiosity and boost retention dramatically.
3. Use of technology in the learning program- Technology has enabled improved
interaction between communities, and educationists should look at tech as an
enabler of greater methodology and new age of pedagogy, not as a
substitute to educator. The use of technology to make learning more natural
is the key to the future.
4. Adaptability for new ideas in the education system- The use of simulations
leads to learning being available beyond the brick and mortar classroom. This
exponentially increases student engagement and ensure higher retention.
The goal of education should be to provide complex learning environments
for student’s which incorporates authentic learning, assessing and personal
development. It will allow learners to solve the types of the complex problem they
will face in real life. Without disregarding the social nature of learning a learning
task or task that will provide social negotiation, engagement and learning is a great
tool.
From a Focus on Teaching to a Focus on Learning

“Learning cannot be accomplished by teachers or instructors; it must be

accomplished by learners.”-Seven Principles of Learning, UNT Teaching Commons

Focused teaching support the development of students’ knowledge and skills.

Learning intentions that focus on understanding.
Weimer (2013) states that learner- centered teaching involves students in:
1. Practicing working with difficult problems, and developing learning skills.
Weimer calls this work the “messy work of learning.”
2. Learning how to learn. Teachers teach students how to learn while they are
teaching content.
3. Reflecting and assessing their own learning and taking responsibility for
modifying approaches to strengthen their skills.
4. Having control of some of their learning processes such as making choices
about assignments and helping to develop course policies.
5. Learning collaboratively from one another and from their teachers.
Dimensions of Learner- Centered Teaching
1. Content- Learners are aware of the reasons for learning the content, develop
always to learn about the content that are appropriate to the discipline, and
practice solving real word problems based upon the content.
2. Instructor Responsibility- The instructor assists the students with accessing
and working with content.
3. Student responsibility- The instructor assists the learners to develop and
practice learning skills that they can carry into their future as lifelong learners.
4. Assessment- Along with summative assessment, one might also see multiple
projects with self –assessment and reflection, self- tests, clickers for feedback
about student understanding of concepts, etc.
5. Power- Learners share some of the power in the classroom and have the option
to explore content outside the boundaries of what instructors have provided.
They have oppurtunities to express alternative opinions and choose different
ways to apply content.

Lifelong Learning

Lifelong learning is a form of life initiated education that is focused on

personal development. While there is no standardized definition of lifelong learning,
it has generally been taken to refer to the learning
that occurs outside of a formal educational institute.
It is described as being voluntary with the
purpose of achieving personal fulfilment.
All learning activity undertaken throughout
life, with the aim of improving knowledge, skills and
competences within the personal, civic, social and/or
employment- related perspective.
Example of Lifelong Learning
*Developing new skills (eg. Sewing, cooking,
programming, public speaking, etc.)
*Self- taught study (eg. Learning a new language,
researching a topic of interest, etc.)
*Learning a new sport or activity
*Learning to use new technology
*Acquiring new knowledge ( eg. taking a self- interest course via online education or
classroom based course)
How to adopt lifelong learning in your life?
1. Recognize your own personal interests and goals
 Lifelong learning is about you, not other people and what they want. Reflect
on what you’re passionate about and what you envision for your own future.
If progressing your career is your personal interest, then there are ways to
participate in self-directed learning to accomplish this goal. If learning history is
your passion, there are likewise ways to explore this interest further.
2. Make a list of what you would like to learn or be able to do
Once you’ve identified what motivates you, explore what it is about that
particular interest or goal that you want to achieve.
Returning to our example of someone having a passion for history, perhaps it
is desired to simply expand knowledge on the history of Europe. Or perhaps the
interest is so strong that going for a Ph.D. is a dream goal.
Both of these are different levels of interest that entail different ways of
learning.
3. Identify how you would like to get involved and the resources available
Achieving our personal goals begins with figuring out how to get started.
Researching and reading about the interest and goal can help to formulate
how to go about learning it.
With our history example: the person who wants to simply learn more about a
particular historical time period could discover books in the library catalog, blogs,
magazines and podcasts dedicated to the subject, or even museums and talks.
The individual who wanted to achieve A Ph.D. in history as a personal goal
could research university programs that could be done part-time or online, as well
as the steps one would need to take to reach the doctorate level.
4. Structure the learning goal into your life
Fitting a new learning goal into your busy life takes consideration and effort.
If you don’t make time and space for it, it won’t happen.
It can easily lead to discouragement or quitting the learning initiative
altogether.
Plan out how the requirements of the new learning initiative can fit into your
life or what you need to do to make it fit. For example, if learning a new language is
the learning goal, can you make time for one hour a day? Or does 15 minutes a day
sound more realistic?
Understanding the time and space you can devote to the learning goal can
help you to stick with the goal in the long-run.
5. Make a commitment
Committing to your decision to engage in a new learning initiative is the final
and most important step. If you’ve set realistic expectations and have the self-
motivation to see it through, commit to it and avoid making excuses.

Ten Benefits of Lifelong Learning.

1. Lifelong learning helps fully develop natural abilities.
“We all have innate natural abilities,” says Nordstrom. “Some of which might
not be readily apparent. Once we’re no longer working full time, we have the
opportunity to fully explore and develop these abilities.”
2. Lifelong learning opens the mind.
An integral part of lifelong learning is the free exchange of ideas and
viewpoints among older learners. Says Nordstrom, “There’s nothing like listening to
or taking part in stimulating discussions to help us see the other side of an issue.
That give-and-take opens our minds and brings us to a whole new level
of enlightenment.”
3. Lifelong learning creates a curious, hungry mind.
The more older learners discover about history, current events, politics, or
the culture of other countries, the more they want to learn. According to Nordstrom,
“There’s a big world out there just waiting for our exploration. Our drive and desire
to learn fuels itself and we keep going, constantly looking for more to feed our
hungry minds.”
4. Lifelong learning increases our wisdom.
“Lifelong learning enables us to put our lives in perspective,” says Nordstrom.
“It increases our understanding of the whys and the whats of previous successes
and failures, and it helps us understand ourselves better. We more fully develop
the wisdom that can come with later life.”
5. Lifelong learning makes the world a better place.
Through the community service aspect of lifelong learning, older learners can
give back to their communities and to the world. “We’ve spent 30, 40 or more years
interacting with the world,” says Nordstrom. “What we’ve learned during that time
can be translated into real value for the betterment of society. Our wisdom, insight
– it’s all of tangible benefit to the world around us.”
6. Lifelong learning helps us adapt to change.
Society is in a state of constant flux. Often as we age we might feel like the
proverbial “old dog that can’t learn new tricks.” “Not true at all,” says Nordstrom.
“Lifelong learning enables us to keep up with society’s changes - especially the
technological ones. A learning environment with our peers not only makes it
possible to stay abreast of change, it also makes it fun.”
7. Lifelong learning helps us find meaning in our lives.
“Sometimes it’s difficult looking back on our lives,” says Nordstrom. “But
lifelong learning gives us the benefit of real perspective and enables us to find true
meaning in the hills and valleys of our past.”
8. Lifelong learning keeps us involved as active contributors to society.
No longer content to sit in a rocker on the porch wiling away the hours,
today’s retirees and Baby Boomers about to retire want and demand more from
their later years. “We’re out and about,” says Nordstrom. “We’re taking part in
educational programs, traveling all over the world, and offering our expertise to
society through meaningful community involvement. We’re not a strain on society;
we’re an incredible asset.”
9. Lifelong learning helps us make new friends and establish valuable relationships.
No one enjoys loneliness. And through lifelong learning, older adults are
meeting new people, forging friendships and relationships with others, and enjoying
an active social life. “Lifelong learning is a brilliant way to keep in touch with
people, meet new friends, and enjoy life surrounded by the company of folks who
are truly embracing the excitement of our later years.”
10. Lifelong learning leads to an enriching life of self-fulfillment.
According to one lifelong learner from New York, “We base everything on the
belief that our capacity to learn and grow does not decrease as our years increase.”
Concludes Nordstrom, “Through academic learning, educational adventure travel
and our renewed sense of volunteerism, we expand our awareness, embrace self-
fulfillment, and truly create an exciting multi-dimensional life. It doesn’t get any
better than that!”

Importance of lifelong learning

Whether pursuing personal interests and passions or chasing professional
ambitions, lifelong learning can help us to achieve personal fulfillment and
satisfaction.
It recognizes that humans have a natural drive to explore, learn and grow
and encourages us to improve our own quality of life and sense of self-worth by
paying attention to the ideas and goals that inspire us.
Lifelong learning can enhance can enhance understanding of the world
around, provide with more and better opportunities and improve quality of life.
There are two main reasons for learning throughout life: for personal development
and for professional development.

New Delivery Systems

An approach to conveying teaching and learning activities. For example,
distance learning represents one kind of learning system involving various
technologies to deliver materials and instruction to students who are not physically
present with a teacher, lecturing face-to-face represents another kind of learning
system involving a person delivering instruction and materials orally to students
physically present in the same place with a teacher.
5 training delivery methods to use in L&D programs
1.Instructor-led Training (ILT)
ILT or classroom training, is the most traditional form of training. ILT is most
effective when you need to provide a large group of learners with a relatively small
amount of information, in a short period, with the only value-add being the
credibility of the instructor and his training skills. Another key advantage of ILT is
the obvious interactivity, as learners ask questions and receive instant responses.
2. Virtual Classrooms
Advancement in technology have propelled the use of virtual classrooms, or
virtual instructor-led training (VILT). Virtual classrooms enable organizations to
deliver training in the form of text, video and documents in real time. They can
deliver training from anywhere, and learners can attend the session from whenever
they are located saving organizations valuable time and money on logistics and
venues.
3. E-Learning
E- learning is one of the most popular forms of training delivery available
today. These online learning programs use a mix of text audio and video. It is a
good option for those who want to offer flexible learning opportunities in a short
time frame to a global audience by delivering interactive and engaging training
programs in the form of games, videos, HTML, quizzes and other content.
4. Mobile Learning
Mobile learning, although a relatively new training delivery method, is
increasingly offered by leading organizations due to the host of benefits it offers,
including the ability to deliver training anytime, anywhere and on any device and in
the form of micro learning, short how- to videos, social learning and other engaging
formats.
5. Blended Learning
With blended learning, organization can leverage a combination of
approaches, ensuring that every learner retains information. A blended learning
approach is perfect for organizations with diverse training requirements and
complex learning objectives.

EXERCISE 1
Research and read further online about the key concepts in the module. Write
additional important information in each concept discussed.

EXERCISE 2
Answer the following questions.
1. People claim that technological changes bring great benefits, while others claim
otherwise. What is your opinion on this?
2. Aside from purposes of education discussed in the module, what other purposes
can you add which are responsive to the changes in the 21 st century?
3. What are some strategies that can be employ to cultivate more learner- centered
environment?
4. Discuss the differences between lifelong learning and continuing education?
5. One of the best things in life is that we never have to stop learning. Why you
should never stop learning?
 Take note of the following important points in Module 1 Lesson 1.
Technology plays vital role in adult education and education must adapt to
this technological changes. These also brought changes to the role of education, the
learning delivery and the teaching- learning process.

A. In this lesson,
1. I learned that … (knowledge)

2. I felt that… (value/ attitude)

3. I developed… (skill)

Direction. Read and analyze the following multiple choice questions. Select
and circle the letter of the correct answer.
1. Who among the following uses technology to its advantage in learning?
a. Anna uses messenger app to send chat messages to friends.
b. Peter uses video conferencing to avoid attending meetings.
c. Robert uses internet to attend online college courses.
d. Timothy uses technological advances to travel around the world.

2. Lifelong learning brings benefits to adult, which of the following brings

financial benefits?
a. lifelong learning enables you to virtually travel to the pyramids
b. Lifelong learning enables you to sharpen your skills, leading to
promotions.
c. Lifelong learning enables you to sharpen your memory.
d. Lifelong learning enables you to debate topics.

3. It is the best training delivery method with a dedicated training venue and
when interactivity is important to the learning experience.
a. Instructor-led Training (ILT)
b. Virtual Classrooms
c. E-Learning
d. Mobile Learning
 4. The following statements focus on learning of the students instead of
teaching, except?
a. Practicing, working with difficult problems and developing learning
skills.
b. Reflecting and assessing their own learning.
c. Learning collaboratively from one another.
d. Rote memorization of the content to be learn.

5. The following statement are true in using technology for learning and
teaching, except:
a. Empowers educators to efficiently personalize learning with access to data
and content.
b. Help educators create blended learning environment that makes learning
relevant to students’s lives.
c. Prepare students for the 21st century workforce with modern technology
skills and competencies.
d. Students limited access to information provided by the teacher.

GOING FURTHER

Prepare concept map of ideas discussed in the module.

“The illiterate of the 21st century will not be those who cannot read and write, but
those who cannot learn, unlearned and relearn”- Alvin Toffer

“Anyone who stops learning is old, whether at twenty or eighty. Anyone who
keeps learning stays young.”