UN IVERSITY 0 1◄' f\ 101~ ;\Tt J\,\'!

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D Facul ty of E 11 g i 11cc1·i11 g
ep artm c11 L of E lec t roni c & Tcl('cuni i rnrnicri,Li on Engineering
B .Sc . E ngineerin g
Semester 2 Examin a ti on.

EN 1802 - Basic Electronics

Time Allowed : 2 hours J anuary 20J 7

INSTRUCTIONS TO CAND ID.ATES

1. This paper cout ain s FOUR q11cs Li o11s 0 11 SIX p ages .

2. Thi s cxam i11 atio 11 accou11ts fo r (i0% or Ll ,c modul e assessm ent. Th e total 11 iax1 11 w111
m a rk attain a ble is 100.

3. This is a closed b ook examination .

4. Answer a ll FOUR questions .

5. All q u estions carry equal m a rks . Th e marks assig ned for each quesLion S,, s <•1 I 1, 111
t hereof a r e included in square brackets.

6. Clea rly state a ny assumptions you m a d e .

T his Space is In Lcntion al ly Left Bl a nk .

1 of ti ( \ 11 1I 111 wd
 Questio n 1
.. d semiconductors using
. o:· 1g conduclors i i1 s1dat.0 1::; a n
Bricf\y explain the di crcncc ainoi
(a)
c11crgy band diagrams. [4 marks]

. f O 7 V bu t is oth er wise idea l

0
The diode in Figure Q l(a) has a {orward voltage drop
(b)
Determine Y as a function of X for \ he following cases

1) The diode is reversed bia:-;cd

[-1 marks]

11) The diode 1s forward biased

['-.! mark:,]

rn) Hence sketch a dimensioned graph of Y versus X [or O :S: X :S: L2

(c) A lrn.ns1stor is a semiconductor device used to a mplifv or swilch c l ccl.1 <>111< s1:·.1

i) Bnefly explain all t he operat111g regions of a lra n::;is lor

II I II I I I

11 ) For the circuit 111 Fi gure Q 1 (b ) delerm111 c thr volln !J,<' ,11 \ !J1 c II , 1 I t I

transistor

I I \I -

l2k0
X - - -'1/1/'v-
' • I
-',fvv
l •1k0
3 3 V (')
I I
~

I I

\
 EN1 S02

,) 1
1
\n Opcr;_itional Amplifier is a very usefu l device in modern electronics.

i) Briefly explain three characteristics that an ideal op-amp satisfi es.

{6 marks}
ii) Assuming that the op-amp in the circuit of Figure Q.2(a) has a finit e gain such
that 1~ = A (Vi - Vm) , but is otherwise ideal. Show th at

Va R1 + R2
-
V£ R1 + A- 1(R1 + R2)
{5 marks} • I

h) Determine the collector bias current and quiescent outpu t voltage for the amplifier in
Figure Q.2(b) , stating clearly any assumptions you m ake. You r calculations should
1nl,e into account the base current of the transistor.
{5 marks}

c) Zcncr diod e is a sp ecial type of diod e.

i) Bnefly discuss the usage of Zener diodes in electronic circui ts .

{3 mnrks/
i1) ln Figure Q.2(c) , determine the range of values of Vi that will ens ure the proper
operati on of the Zene r diode. fzM is the maximum Zener current .

{6 mark;:;}

I
j /~ i~pul
• I :, V

r;1Ju ,,n

l
I J
i : io ,,n
n w11
+ 2 2 00
~,-----,.-_

\lz = 20 \I
IUO W:; \ ', lz.11 = 6 0 m A J '.LkD

L - f' ";
( b) (c)

,J of G
( 'ri n l 1111wd
 I NI '->l l2

(2n l'~ t icrn J

( \,e
~l) ....,1mp 1·r l f . . UOL>l(':111
i y \, 1c ollowin g l3oolcan exprcss1011s us111g u ' a lrrcbra.
h

l) (:-1 + f-3)( A C: D )

ii ) (71 ED BC) ( A + 1-3 + C)

[1\ 1narks]

(b) S impli fy Lhe follow111g B oolc;1n equ ations. in s um-of-producls for m u si n g a Karn a.ugh
map H ere A is th e m ost s1grnfi c::1.nL bit and D is t h e leasl significant bit
, I

i) f (A , B , C,D) = IJ0,2, 4, 5, 6, 7, S 10. 15)

[4 m a rk-,

11) f = . l BL' + 13 CD + / l 13 C + /-3 C I) I ; \ BCD

[cl mar k:::i!

(c) For Lhc ci 1cu1t s hown 111 Figure Q 3(a), cornplele Lh c tim in g wavefo rms for sign a ls \
) ' and Z for 6 clock cyclc:::i You 1nay assu m e that imtia lly t h e val ues of X ) ' ;111d /
a r c zeru

[- I 11 I: 11 I,~ \

( d) A full adder 1s s hown rn Fi gure Q 3(b) A B , C 11 arc mpuls anci .t...· c ·..
Denn· the Boolean expression s for S and Cou t

D D y D z - ,\
Q Q
C C C 1.
q Q Q
R H R
ock

(a)

J:' I" 'I I 1'

,-. ( \,) . '1
 ENJ bO~

(c1) Given t haL t ltc varia bles A[2 :0] for rn a 0') - bit
. gr ey code t o represen t numerical valu es.

1) Wri te down a ll bin a r y combin ations f01. A[ 2 0 ], m

. ascendin g order of numeri c. al
v:1.lue.

[--.I marks]

ii) A 3-bit g rey code Lo bin a ry-cod ed -d ecima l d ecoder is to b e d es1(Tned w here the
output s X[2 .0] a i e act ive low . \!\Trit e down t h e Boolean funct ion/ for each output.
term inal .

[9 marks]

b) Consi der th e B oolean fun ct ion ;

f = i1BC' + AB+ AC
Implem ent t his fun ction us in g on e 4 x 1 multiplexer. wi t h t he resLricLion t hat t he·
\·,1ria ble C cannot b e c011 11cctcd to a mu lt iplexer select line

[G Ill , 11 k:-, J

1cl f igure Q.4(a) s h ows a J-I< flip- fl op with a n asyn ch ronous clear termma l By us in g th1::-
flip-flo p d esig n a n asyn chron o us binary co un ter w hi ch counts the sequence , 0, J '.:! :3
-! . 5, 6, 7. 8, 9, 0, 1. 2 , ... ind c 1111 it ely

J Q
C LI<

!<:

-
C LEA f~ C LR Q

(:1)

F 1b..:ru 1C Q 4

E ncl of t h e Pap e r

fi of 6

➔ 05