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Chapter 7 HTML Frames and Forms

Chapter 7 covers HTML Frames and Forms, explaining how frames can divide a browser window into multiple sections but are generally not recommended due to compatibility issues. It also details HTML Forms, which are essential for collecting user data, and describes various form controls such as text inputs, checkboxes, radio buttons, and file uploads. The chapter includes examples of HTML code for creating these elements.

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kipchirchirmeshek
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20 views

Chapter 7 HTML Frames and Forms

Chapter 7 covers HTML Frames and Forms, explaining how frames can divide a browser window into multiple sections but are generally not recommended due to compatibility issues. It also details HTML Forms, which are essential for collecting user data, and describes various form controls such as text inputs, checkboxes, radio buttons, and file uploads. The chapter includes examples of HTML code for creating these elements.

Uploaded by

kipchirchirmeshek
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 7: HTML Frames and Forms

7.0 HTML Frames


7.1 HTML Forms

7.0 HTML Frames


HTML frames are used to divide your browser window into multiple sections
where each section can load a separate HTML document. A collection of
frames in the browser window is known as a frameset. The window is divided
into frames in a similar way the tables are organized: into rows and columns.
Disadvantages of Frames
 There are few drawbacks with using frames, so it's never
recommended to use frames in your webpages. Some smaller devices
cannot cope with frames often because their screen is not big enough
to be divided up. Sometimes your page will be displayed differently on
different computers due to different screen resolution.
 The browser's back button might not work as the user hopes. There are
still few browsers that do not support frame technology.
Creating Frames
To use frames on a page we use <frameset> tag instead of <body> tag.
The <frameset> tag defines how to divide the window into frames.
The rows attribute of <frameset> tag defines horizontal frames and cols
attribute defines vertical frames.
Each frame is indicated by <frame> tag and it defines which HTML
document shall open into the frame.
Following is the example to create three horizontal frames:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head> <title>HTML Frames</title> </head>
<frameset rows = "10%,80%,10%">
<frame name = "top" src = "/html/top_frame.htm" />
<frame name = "main" src = "/html/main_frame.htm" />
<frame name = "bottom" src = "/html/bottom_frame.htm" />
<noframes>
<body>Your browser does not support frames.</body>
</noframes>
</frameset>
</html>
Let's put the above example as follows, here we replaced rows attribute by
cols and changed their width. This will create all the three frames vertically:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head> <title>HTML Frames</title> </head>
<frameset cols = "25%, 50%, 25 %">
<frame name = "left" src = "/html/top_frame.htm" />
<frame name = "center" src = "/html/main_frame.htm" />
<frame name = "right" src = "/html/bottom_frame.htm" />
<noframes>
<body>Your browser does not support frames.</body>
</noframes>
</frameset>
</html>

7.1 HTML Forms


HTML Forms are required, when you want to collect some data from the site
visitor. For example, during user registration you would like to collect
information such as name, email address, credit card, etc.
A form will take input from the site visitor and then will post it to a back-end
application such as CGI, ASP Script or PHP script etc.
The back-end application will perform required processing on the passed
data based on defined business logic inside the application.
There are various form elements available like text fields, text-area fields,
drop-down menus, radio buttons, checkboxes, etc.
The HTML <form> tag is used to create an HTML form and it has following
syntax:

<form action = "Script URL" method = "GET|POST">


form elements like input, textarea etc.
</form>

Form Attributes
Apart from common attributes, following is a list of the most frequently used
form attributes
HTML Form Controls
There are different types of form controls that you can use to collect data
using HTML form:

1. Text Input Controls


There are three types of text input used on forms:

a. Single-line text input controls: is used for items that require only one line
of user input, such as search boxes or names. They are created using
HTML <input> tag. Here is a basic example of a single-line text input
used to take first name and last name
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head> <title>Text Input Control</title> </head>
<body>
<form >
First name: <input type = "text" name = "first_name" /> <br>
Last name: <input type = "text" name = "last_name" /
</form>
</body>
</html>
Attributes: -Following is the list of attributes for <input> tag for creating text
field.
b. Password input controls
This is also a single-line text input but it masks the character as soon as a
user enters it. They are also created using HTML <input> tag. Here is a basic
example of a single-line password input used to take user password:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head> <title>Password Input Control</title> </head>
<body>
<form >
User ID : <input type = "text" name = "user_id" /> <br>
Password: <input type = "password" name = "password" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
Attributes: -Following is the list of attributes for <input> tag for creating
password field.
c. Multi-line text input controls
This is used when the user is required to give details that may be longer than
a single sentence. They are created using HTML <textarea> tag. Here is a
basic example of a multi-line text input used to take item description:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head> <title>Multiple-Line Input Control</title> </head>
<body>
<form>
Description : <br />
<textarea rows = "5" cols = "50" name = "description">
Enter description here...
</textarea>
</form>
</body>
</html>

Attributes: -Following is the list of attributes for <textarea> tag.


2. Checkbox Control
Checkboxes are used when more than one option is required to be selected.
They are also created using HTML <input> tag but type attribute is set to
checkbox. Here is an example HTML code for a form with two checkboxes:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head> <title>Checkbox Control</title> </head>
<body>
<form>
<input type = "checkbox" name = "maths" value = "on"> Maths
<input type = "checkbox" name = "physics" value = "on"> Physics
</form>
</body>
</html>
Attributes: -Following is the list of attributes for <checkbox> tag.

3. Radio Button Control


Radio buttons are used when out of many options; just one option is required
to be selected. They are also created using HTML <input> tag but type
attribute is set to radio. Here is example HTML code for a form with two radio
buttons
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head> <title>Radio Box Control</title> </head>
<body>
<form>
<input type = "radio" name = "subject" value = "maths"> Maths
<input type = "radio" name = "subject" value = "physics"> Physics
</form>
</body>
</html>
Attributes: -Following is the list of attributes for radio button.

4. Select Box Control


A select box, also called drop down box which provides option to list down
various options in the form of drop down list, from where a user can select
one or more options. Here is example HTML code for a form with one drop
down box
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head> <title>Select Box Control</title> </head>
<body>
<form>
<select name="subjects" id="subjects">
<option value = "Maths" selected>Maths</option>
<option value = "Physics">Physics</option>
</select>
</form>
</body>
</html>
Attributes: -Following is the list of important attributes of <select> tagelect
name = "dropdown">
5. File Upload Box
If you want to allow a user to upload a file to your web site, you will need to
use a file upload box, also known as a file select box. This is also created
using the <input> element but type attribute is set to file. Here is example
HTML code for a form with one file upload box
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head><title>File Upload Box</title></head>
<body>
<form>
<input type = "file" name = "file upload" accept = "image/*" />
</form>
</body>
</html>

Attributes: -Following is the list of important attributes of file upload box

6. Button Controls
There are various ways in HTML to create clickable buttons. You can also
create a clickable button using <input>tag by setting its type attribute to
button. The type attribute can take the following values
Here is example HTML code for a form with three types of buttons
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head> <title>File Upload Box</title> </head>
<body>
<form>
<input type = "submit" name = "submit" value = "Submit" />
<input type = "reset" name = "reset" value = "Reset" />
<input type = "button" name = "ok" value = "OK" />
<input type = "image" name = "imagebutton" src =
"/html/images/logo.png" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
7. Hidden Form Controls
Hidden form controls are used to hide data inside the page which later on
can be pushed to the server. This control hides inside the code and does not
appear on the actual page. For example, following hidden form is being used
to keep current page number. When a user will click next page then the
value of hidden control will be sent to the web server and there it will decide
which page will be displayed next based on the passed current page. Here is
example HTML code to show the usage of hidden control
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head> <title>File Upload Box</title> </head>
<body>
<form>
<p>This is page 10</p>
<input type = "hidden" name = "pagename" value = "10" />
<input type = "submit" name = "submit" value = "Submit" />
<input type = "reset" name = "reset” value = "Reset" />
</form>
</body>
</html>

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