INTERNSHIP REPORT ON:

A STUDY ON MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF DOSSAIER TECHNOLOGIES OF

BACHELOR OF COMMERCE
SUBMITTED BY:
POOJA G
REG NO: U03LR22C0035
Bachelor of Commerce
BANGALORE UNIVERSITY

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

Dr. KUMARA GOWDA R
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OF COMMERCE

SRI SHARADA FIRST GRADE COLLEGE MAGADI

MAGADI TOWN RAMANAGARA DIST 562120
ACADEMIC YEAR 2024-2025
 SRI SHARADA FIRST GRADE COLLEGE MAGADI
Privite Bus Stand Beside , Court Road Magadi Town
Ramanagara-562120

Email ID : [email protected]

STUDENT DECLARTION
I POOJA G Here by declare that this report entitled “A STUDY
ON MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF DOSSIER TECHNOLOGIES” study
conducted by me the from 10-02-2025 to 15-03-202 under
the supervision and guidance of DR. KUMARA GOWDA R
faculty of commerce SRI SHARADA FIRST GRADE COLLEGE
Magadi Town Ramanagara Dist 562120.

Date: Signature
Place:

POOJA G
RegNo:U03LR22C0035
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The Success and final outcome of this internship report required a lot of guidance and assistant from
many people and I am extremely fortunate to have their support till the completion of my report work.
➢ I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to our faculty co-ordinator Dr.Kumara gowda R as
well as our principal Mr Dr Kumara gowda R who gave me the golden opportunity to do internship, which
helped me in learning a lot of new things and also a warm exposure to the world of accountancy and
finance.
➢ I would also like that to thank my parents who gave me the permission to complete the internship and also
my friends who always helped me when there was a need of their help during the project.
➢ Although this report has been prepared with utmost care and deep routed interest, even then I accept it
respondent and ,imperfect.
➢ It is a great opportunity and pleasure for me to expree my profound gratitude towards all the individual
who directly and indirectly contributed towards completion of this report.

POOJA G
(U03LR22C0035)
 Executive Summary

Dossier Technologies is a team of technology consultants that specialize in web design,

social media, online marketing, and branding on the web. Dossier Technologies provides
the best IT services to its clients using some specific project management tools. Trello is
one of them. It is very easy to use and both client and service provider has significant
access to it. Both the parties can give their feedback on the project at any stage of the
project. That’s why Trello is one of the best project management tool in the world and
used by best companies like Virgin Group, General Motors etc.

Dossier Technologies has very good reputation in the market as the best service provider
and the clients are also very happy to have the service from Dossier Technologies. Thus it
has significant bargaining power over buyers and the cost of its service is quite high. Also,
it provides Social Media Marketing Solution to some of its clients which gives it the
ultimate market lead. Moreover, the threat of other companies are less due to this reason
and lack of quality service provider companies exist in the market gives Dossier
Technologies the edge over to its competitors.
 Table of content

Item No. Particular Page No

1. The Organization 1-3
1.1 Introduction 6
1.2 Vision 2
1.3 Service offerings 2
1.4 Operational network organogram 2-3
2. Design Of Study 4-7
2.1 Description & nature of the job 5-6
2.2 Specific responsibilities of the job 6
2.3 Different Aspects of Job Performance 6
2.4 Critical observations and recommendations: 7
3. Discusson 8-28
3.1Description of the project 9
3.2 Objectives of the project: 9
3.3 Methodology 9-10
3.4 Limitations of the Study 10-11
3.5 Project management software 11-13
3.6 Trello 13-14
3.7 Trello: Project Management with Efficiency 14-15
3.8 Understanding Trello works 15-17
3.9 Getting Started with Trello: A Basic Setup 17-19
3.10 Adding Others to Your Board 19-20
3.11 Filling out Cards 20-22
3.12 Branding Process of Dossier Technologies Ltd. 22-24
3.13 SWOT Analysis 25-25
3.14 Industry Analysis (Porters Five Forces) 25-28
4 Learning Outcomes 29-31
4.1 Recommendation 32-33
4.2 Conclusion 34-35
 Chapter 1

Introduction

1
1.1 Introduction

Dossier Technologies is a team of technology consultants that specialize in web

design, social media, online marketing, and branding on the web. Our goal is to
help clients understand and make full use of digital technology that can heighten
brand awareness and lead to better business.

Our clients include the British Council, Mermaid Eco Resort, Building Technology
and Ideas, Bengal Foundation, Jatrik Travels, and the WildTeam (formerly Wildlife
Trust of Bangladesh). Our communications partner is Big Blue.

1.2 Vision

Our goal is to help clients understand and make full use of digital technology that
can heighten brand awareness and lead to better business.

1.3 Service offerings

The web has become an integral part of our lives. It enables us to communicate
and interact with people in many ways. It is a powerful tool for users, communities
and businesses to interact, provide information and value added services. We at
Dossier Technologies thrive to provide these solutions and help our customers
better understand the power of the web to create value for their business and
community online.

a) Web Development

Our website graphics and functionality are made with the highest quality in mind.
We pride ourselves on being accessible to our clients. As a small design/software
house, we foster long-lasting partnerships with our clients. We have experience
walking clients through the process of developing a business identity on the
internet.

2
b) Application Development

When it comes to developing applications, nothing is more important than

understanding our customers' needs. Our proven development process efficiently
translates those needs into a fully functioning system. Doing things right the first
time always costs less.

c) User Interfaces

Dossier Technologies provides detailed graphical user interface design and

information architecture. Some of our UI experience includes enterprise search
application design and social media user interfaces.

1.4 Operational network organogram

Managing Director

Web & Mobile Accounts &

Graphics Design
Social Media Wing Application Administration
Wing
Development Wing Wing

“Our ambition is to provide the best quality service to all our clients”- Mr. Amir Sattar
Dhedhi,Managing Director of Dossier Technologies Ltd.

3
 Chapter 2

Design of The Study

4
2.1 Description& nature of the Business

We, the students of Masters of Business Administration (MBA) study the subject’s
related to business. The school of business familiarizes each student as they move
comfortably in the business environment but only the theoretical study in the
classroom is not enough rather a practical experience and the only means of
practical experience is internship program. In the business environment there are
lots of financial institutions, business firms and industries that provide this facility
towards us. If we couldot get this facility ofinternship then a wide gap will take
place between our study and experience, I thinkthis is valuable for us.

We, the students of business do this usually for three months. In our country there
aremany companies offer internship particularly banks, FMCGs, textiles and elite
business firms.

I started my job in Dossier Technologies Limited from 3rd September, 2012 and
continuing since then. I always try my best to achieve absolute knowledge &
experience from this job. I am working with the central communication and
marketing team, which is one of thedomains of Social Marketing Department.
There are two types of jobs. These are generallyexecutedby the central
communication. First one is creative part and another one is operational part.The
creative part is involved in working on projects, developing new ways
ofcommunications, and some other confidential activities. On the other hand, the
operationalpart is responsible for communications through the commercial web
site, etc. and makes strong relationship with customer via decent communication
as well as accelerates company’s revenue.

My on-site supervisor is Minaal Choudhury, Marketing & Communications

Associate. My workinghour begins at 8:30 AM and continues to 5 PM. My days in
Portonics did not go well for the first week as there was no work for me and the
instruction was for me to observe the office working environment. I was given a
MacBook Pro from the 1st day of my joining and also was provided a separate desk
with all the internet facilities. From thedate of joining, I found that every procedure
is prepared by computer and there were nopaperwork things to accomplish.
However, I did not have anything to do but to surf around the world using the
internet.Sometime my moments passed bythinking myself that how I would spend
the rest of the weeks with no tasks. Sitting on a chairfor about 10 hours with no
job made my life horrible.

At last, I was given a task on my 16th day. It was a research work on collecting
necessary information on various newspapers. Also I was said to deliver a
presentation with a report on what I have collected. Moreover, I was given 20 days
to complete the whole task. Meanwhile, I was busy in taking notes form my
Managing Director and in preparing the meeting minutes. Days were getting
changed when I started to learn the mechanism of PORTONICS’s activities. Thanks
to ALLAH, that I accomplished my task in schedule and gained the respect of my
Director.

5
 From the second month, my supervisor Minaal
Choudhury provided me some basic training for two
weeks about the tasks that are performed by the central
communication, the procedures to complete certain
tasks, and the criteria that must be followed while doing
a particular job. I had to learn cooperating different
types of tools and software which was essential to
execute the particular operation. After that, he gave me
some assignments based on my learning.
After running each communication successfully, I
assisted my supervisors at their works whenever it was
necessary. As days passed by, I was more attached with
Dossier Technologies sand definitely with my
supervisor. I got appraised for many times from my
supervisor and that made me feel proud that my work
isadding significant value to the organization. It is an
immense pleasure to me for working in such an
organization. I have enjoyed every moment in Dossier
Technologies and achieved so many experiences that
will absolutely help me to choose my right career path.

2.2 Specific responsibilities of the job

My responsibilities at Dossier Technologies Ltd are given below:

➢ Making Communication strategy for online media marketing

➢ Use different tools for online marketing and file management.
➢ Use different tools for monitoring and
handling different projects at a time.
➢ Do market research for various purpose and update Dossier
Technologies Server
➢ Make manual for clients of online media marketing and provide
trainings.

2.3 Different Aspects of Job Performance

As the core element of human resource management, job performance is a kind of

behavioral participation and evaluation of expected outcomes. It is considered as a
multidimensional concept, including task performance (the ability to complete work and
prior experience), contextual performance (a series of voluntary, interpersonal,
organizational or group-oriented behaviors), and agility performance (the ability of
employees to adjust and respond to changes in the organization) (Borman and
Motowidlo, 1993; Hunter and Hunter, 1984; Pradhan and Jena, 2017; Cai et al., 2018).
Two main types of performance are widely used in related studies: in-role performance

6
and innovation performance. In-role performance refers to the work behavior required
to be carried out in the job description of employees; the in-role performance of
employees will be authorized, evaluated and rewarded by the organization. Innovation
performance, meanwhile, refers to the behavioral process by which individuals, work
teams, and organizations engage in the generation, promotion, and conversion of new
ideas into practical applications of individuals, work teams and organizations about the
generation, promotion and conversion of new ideas into practical application, which can
benefit individuals, work teams and organizations (Katz, 1964; Janssen and Yperen,
2004).
More precisely, in the studies included in this meta-analysis, the types of job
performance considered mainly consist of employee creativity, task performance,
innovation performance, mixed performance (i.e., including both in-role and innovation
performance), agility performance, and duty-related performance. We divide these types
into four categories, 1) in-role performance, including task performance and duty-related
performance; 2) innovation performance, including innovation performance and
employee creativity; 3) agility performance; and 4) mixed performance.
Given the wide applicability of mixed performance, we believe that the effect of ESM
usage on

Dimensions of Job Performance

Job performance is defined as an aggregate of employee behaviors that have some
expected value to organizations (positive or negative). These behaviors can be classified
into three broad classes: task performance, contextual performance, and
counterproductivity. Task performance is composed of behaviors that either (1) directly
transform raw materials into products and services or (2) service and maintain the
successful transformation of raw materials. Task performance behaviors are role
prescribed; that is, they are explicitly written in an employee's job description. In
contrast, contextual performance is not role prescribed, but rather includes discretionary
behaviors that shape the organizational, social, and psychological context of the
workplace. Examples of contextual performance include volunteering to carry out task
activities that are not formally part of the job, helping and cooperating with others, and
following organizational rules and procedures. In the business literature, these behaviors
are also known as organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs). The third broad
dimension of job performance is counterproductivity. It is composed of intentional
behaviors that are viewed by the organization as contrary to its interests.
Counterproductive behaviors can range from blatantly damaging (i.e., theft, destruction
of property) to somewhat less destructive (i.e., poor attendance, misuse of information,
intentionally poor work); all of these are detrimental to overall organizational
effectiveness.
For many years, task performance was the focus of most applied and research efforts,
because it was believed to be the most salient component of job performance. However,
recent studies have shown that overall job performance is influenced nearly as much by
contextual performance, so there has been an upsurge of research on its antecedents and
consequences. Counterproductive behaviors, on the other hand, have been studied
primarily in the context of employee attitude surveys, because they tend to correlate
highly with job satisfaction. More recently, counterproductivity and contextual
performance have been studied together as organizational psychologists attempt to
develop more general models of extra-role work behaviors. In summary, research
suggests that adequate evaluation of work performance requires assessment of task

7
performance, OCBs, and counterproductive behaviors. Organizations seek to design
interventions that discourage counterproductivity, but encourage the task and contextual
behaviors.

8
2.4 Critical observations and recommendations:

Every process usually carries limitations with it. This study is not an exception.
The limitations hat had come on way to making this internship report are stated
below:

➢ Due to time restrictions, the study was bound to be concentrated in

selected areas. As an internee I only hadthree months on hand, which is
not enough.

➢ As an IT organization, Dossier Technologies Ltd.do not enclose all their data.

As a result, the study mostly depended on official files and talking to
different employees.

➢ Dossier Technologies Ltdis an IT company which is very busy in various

projects and the personnel engaged in training and development
department are unable to spare much time for discussion about various
topics.

➢ 1.1 The Ad Hoc Deputy Ministers’ Security and Emergencies Committee

was instrumental in supporting government’s decisions and coordinating
executive action within government and with the private sector. It is
recommended that this ad hoc deputy ministers’ committee be formalized
with a mandate to oversee the provincial government’s Emergency
Management, Business Continuity, and Security programs. DPS will work
with partners to formalize governance for public safety and security
programs. 1.2 It was evident that some departments have not kept their
emergency plans up to date. It is noted that departments have general and
specific obligations in statute (Regulation 84- 7, Continuity of
Government), including maintaining plans and procedures. It is
recommended that a formal working committee be established to manage
the associated initiatives and action plans; it is suggested that the working
committee be comprised of the ADMs responsible for each department’s
emergency program. DPS will work with safety and security partners to
develop a work plan for the ADMs’ Working Committee. 1.3 It is evident
that there is a need to strengthen governance and accountability to ensure
the continuous improvement of government’s emergency management
program. Similarly, renewed emphasis should be placed on ensuring the
continuity of government and government services in emergencies. It is
recommended that GNB adopt formally, as a reference standard, CSA
Z1600, Emergency Management and Business Continuity Programs. GNB
has already used CSA Z1600 as part of the EIA process, for major industrial
projects. DPS will consider the broader application of this reference
standard. 1.4 It is evident that the frequency and intensity of severe
weather events has been increasing in recent years. At the same time,
government’s posture and capabilities remain largely unchanged. It is
9
recommended that relevant information be provided regularly to the
Deputies’ committee to enable it to assess readiness, to understand the
risks and potential consequences of emergency events, to enable and
support executive level decisions and to provide advice to government.
Will be addressed under 1.1. PROVINCE OF NEW BRUNSWICK AFTER
ACTION REVIEW POST TROPICAL STORM ARTHUR 2014
RECOMMENDATIONS AND ACTION PLAN Department of Public Safety 2
Observation # Observations Recommendations Lead Action Plan Target
Completion Date 2. Coordination and Collaboration 2.1 It was observed
that it would be advantageous for DPS, DTI and NB Power to work more
closely with owner-operators of commercial wireless networks, with a
view to improving cooperation and collaboration during outages. It is
recommended that DPS, DTI and NB Power work more closely with the
owneroperators of commercial mobile radio networks, with a view to
improving cooperation and collaboration in emergencies. GNB’s Critical
Infrastructure Program already addresses this requirement. Staff will
encourage active participation by major service providers. 2.2
Modernizing our radio communications systems is in our view the single
most effective way to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of
emergency management and response. It is recommended that DTI
continue to work on conversion of its wireless systems from analog to
digital technology, with a view to improved emergency coordination,
emergency service cooperation and emergency worker safety. DTI is
already addressing this requirement. DTI has replaced the microwave
backbone and is currently considering options to modernize mobile radio
services. 2.3 Modern communications tools enable better situational
awareness and understanding, and more timely decisions and
interventions. It is recommended mobile radio network design, talk group
engineering, and operational policy address the specific needs of local and
provincial coordinating agencies (EMOs), communications centres and
emergency operations centres. DTI and DPS understand these
requirements well and they will be addressed in any future solution.
PROVINCE OF NEW BRUNSWICK AFTER ACTION REVIEW POST
TROPICAL STORM ARTHUR 2014 RECOMMENDATIONS AND ACTION
PLAN Department of Public Safety 3 2. Coordination and Collaboration
(continued) 2.4 There is a clear need to reach out and broaden the dialog
about emergencies, and how governments, emergency services, private
organizations and individuals can each contribute and help achieve unity
of effort. It is recommended that the Government of New Brunswick
establish a Roundtable on Emergency Management and Resilience; in
order to: • support dialog on risk reduction and community resilience; •
encourage continuous improvement of public sector and private sector
emergency programs; • foster greater collaboration and unity of effort
among all organizations with emergency roles; and • promote public
preparedness. DPS will lead work to establish a provincial Roundtable on
Emergency Management and Resilience. 2.5 The public responded very
well to Arthur. People looked after themselves, looked out for their
neighbours and worked together to meet immediate needs and begin the
10
 process of clean up. In spite of the unprecedented scale of Arthur’s impacts,
people remained calm and patient and there were relatively few
complaints heard. It is recommended that Arthur serve as a case study
example of an effective community response to an emergency, with
emphasis on the value of people and organizations working together. As is
the practise following all major events, the lessons learned from Arthur
will be incorporated into plans, procedures and training.

Even though, there are some limitations I have tried my best to collect adequate
data andinformation to make the report meaningful.

11
Chapter 3
Discussion

12
3.1 Description of the project

Since practical orientation is an integral part of the MBA degree requirement, I

have worked in Dossier Technologies Ltd. to take real life exposure of the activities
of the organization in Bangladesh. During my internship at Dossier Technologies I
have come across with different functions of the company. This report has been
originated as the course requirement of the MBA program. I hope the report will
give a clear idea about the activities of Dossier Technologies Ltd. in Bangladesh.

3.2 Objectives of the project:

The main objective of the study is to find out how Dossier Technologies uses
project management tool like TRELLO to serve its customers in Bangladesh. To
achieve this main objective the following specific objective has been taken:

• To explore a theoretical aspect of project management tool.

• To know how Trello works.

• To high light some implication of the study.

• To gain an understanding about Trello users in Bangladesh.

Project objectives vs. project goals

While project managers often use these terms interchangeably, project goals and
objectives serve different purposes in project planning. Project goals detail the
desired project outcome and relate closely to business objectives. Project goals set
the project direction and inspire team members.
Project objectives are concise and laser-focused. In a project, the outcomes clearly
define the objectives. They tell you exactly what the project is supposed to deliver.
The following examples clarify this distinction:
Project objective: Introduce five new channels for customers to submit and view
feedback within the product interface over the next two months.
Project goal: Improve the mechanism for passing customer feedback to the
engineering team to allow them to address issues promptly.
Project objectives vs. project scope
Project scope and objectives are distinct yet interconnected elements of project
management. Project scope defines the work necessary for completion, including
tasks and deliverables. It defines the boundaries and extent of the project.
Project objectives focus on the specific results the project aims to achieve. They’re
the benchmarks for success and direct project efforts within the scope. The
following examples clarify this distinction:
Project objective: Develop a user-friendly mobile app with certain key features
to launch by the end of the year.
13
Project scope: The project encompasses app development, testing, and the launch
but excludes post-launch marketing and maintenance activities.
Project objectives vs. project milestones
While objectives and milestones are crucial to project management, they serve
different roles. In a project, objectives define the primary outcomes to achieve.
They guide the direction and purpose of the project.
On the other hand, milestones are important markers along the project's journey,
indicating when critical phases are complete. With these milestones, you can keep
the project on track without necessarily knowing how much work it takes to reach
them.
The following examples clarify this distinction:
Project objective: Secure 20,000 RSVPs for our virtual event by June 23.
Project milestone: Launch the web page for promoting the upcoming virtual
event on June 8.
Types of project objectives
There are various categories of project objectives based on their focus and
purpose. Common types of project objectives include the following:
Time-based objectives help set deadlines for project milestones.
Performance objectives focus on achieving specific results or quality standards.
Quality objectives specify the desired level of quality for project deliverables.
Business objectives align a project with the company's principles for a higher
likelihood of success.
Financial objectives set budget constraints and financial goals for the project.
Regulatory compliance objectives ensure the project adheres to laws,
regulations, and industry standards.

3.3 Methodology

3.3.1 Data Collection:

Both the primary as well as the secondary form of information was used to
prepare the report. The details of these sources are highlighted below:

14
(a) Primary Source

I have collected primary information by interviewing employees, managers,

observing various organizational procedures, structures. Primary data were
mostly derived from the discussion with the employees of the organization.

(b) Secondary Source

I have elaborated different types of secondary data in my research. Sources like

internet data are mostly considered as secondary source.

3.4 Advantage Of The Study

5 advantages to putting technology in your business strategy
Adding technology to your business strategy can pay off for your company in a big
way. Here are five major advantages of adopting technology as a business strategy.
1. Choose targeted technology solutions
The rapid evolution of technology has led to a seemingly endless number of
products and solutions on the market. In a siloed company that walls off the IT
department, team members have to make decisions based on relatively limited
information. And each decision may solve only a single problem.
When you implement technology as a business strategy, you can make technology
choices from a broader perspective. You know what you are trying to do, you have
data to drive your decisions and you can look for solutions that meet multiple
needs all at once. With time to iterate, you can also take advantage of the advanced
capabilities of a platform like Slack, building customized solutions rather than
grabbing yet another product to solve a specific issue.
2. Boost organizational productivity
You probably already know that technology can help drive productivity by
15
providing you with data on sales figures, ROI and other crucial information. But
did you know that technology can also help increase productivity at the individual
level? From bots that automatically send reminders about overdue tasks to apps
that offer visual data on a project’s progress, implementing technology across all
parts of your organization can help everyone perform their best.
3. Enhance collaboration
This is especially important with so many people working remotely. Platforms
such as Slack and Zoom help everyone move forward in the same direction and
ensure important tasks don’t get overlooked.
But technology as a business strategy also helps with customer collaboration.
Consumers grew more comfortable with online shopping during the pandemic.
Now is a great time to start using tools to more closely mirror the in-person
shopping experience. From product videos to bots that serve as shopping
assistants to real-time collaboration between designers and customers,
technology can help your online shoppers feel important.
4. Set long-term goals and objectives
A solid business plan should include a series of short-, medium- and long-term
goals, along with a road map for achieving them. But your technology plans may
be more ad hoc right now, picking and choosing solutions when problems arise.
Adding technology as a business strategy lets you scale your technology along with
your business, anticipating needs and implementing strategies ahead of time.
5. Improve security
Today’s cyber attackers are more sophisticated than ever, and an old-fashioned
security posture that relies solely on firewalls and antivirus software is no longer
sufficient. Making technology a core part of your business strategy adds
cybersecurity tools and training throughout your organization. Frontline workers
and the C-suite alike are all informed about emerging threats and receive both the
tools and the ongoing training they need to counter those threats.

3.4 Limitations of the Study

In course of my internship I have faced many problems that may be termed as

the limitations of the study. These were:

1. Could not spend sufficient time required to make an in-depth study on such an
important subject because of time constraint.

2. To get the actual information have been very difficult

3. Sufficient records, publications were not available and some questions were
avoided or not exactly answered by the respondents may be because of lack of
clear idea.

4. Although IT experts have tried their best to help me, their nature of job is such
that gives them little time to discuss.

16
5. Extreme work pressure restricted the officials to give us much time even if
they had cordial intentions to provide information.

6. As I was the only one person, this report seriously suffered manpower
constraints.

7. Secondary sources of data relating to Trello are very limited as sufficient

books, publications and journals were not available.

Despite all these limitations, I have given the best of my efforts and tried to make
the report as informative and comprehensive as possible.

3.5 Project management software

Project management software has the capacity to help plan, organize, and manage
resource pools and develop resource estimates. Depending on the sophistication
of the software, it can manage estimation and planning, scheduling, cost
control and budget, management, resource
allocation, collaboration software, communication, decision-making, quality
management and documentation or administration systems. Today, numerous PC-
based project management software packages exist, and they are finding their
way into almost every type of business. In the early days, however, project
management software ran on big mainframe computers and was used only in the
large projects. These early systems were limited in their capabilities and, by
today's standards, were difficult to use.

3.5.1 Project management Software Solution Providers Types

a) Desktop
Project management software has been implemented as a program that runs on
the desktop of each user. Project management tools that are implemented as
desktop software are typically single-user applications used by the project
manager or another subject matter expert, such as a scheduler or risk manager.

17
b) Web-based
Project management software has been implemented as a web application to be
accessed using a web browser. This may also include the ability to use
a Smartphone or tablet to gain access to the application.

c) Personal
A personal project management application is one used at home, typically to
manage lifestyle or home projects. There is considerable overlap with single
user systems, although personal project management software typically involves
simpler interfaces.

d) Single user
A single-user system is programmed with the assumption that only one person
will ever need to edit the project plan at once. This may be used in small companies
or ones where only a few people are involved in top-down project planning.
Desktop applications generally fall into this category.

e) Collaborative
A collaborative system is designed to support multiple users modifying different
sections of the plan at once; for example, updating the areas they personally are
responsible for such that those estimates get integrated into the overall
plan. Web-based tools, including extranets, generally fall into this category, but
have the limitation that they can only be used when the user has live Internet
access. To address this limitation, some software tools using client–server
architecture provide a rich client that runs on users' desktop computer and
replicate project and task information to other project team members through a
central server when users connect periodically to the network. Some tools allow
team members to check out their schedules (and others' as read only) to work on
them while not on the network. When reconnecting to the database, all changes
are synchronized with the other schedules.
f) Integrated
An integrated system combines project management or project planning, with
many other aspects of company life. For example, projects can have bug
tracking issues assigned to each project, the list of project customers becomes
a customer relationship management module, and each person on the project plan
has their own task lists, calendars, and messaging functionality associated with
their projects.

18
Similarly, specialized tools like Source Forge integrate project management
software with source control (CVS) software and bug-tracking software, so that
each piece of information can be integrated into the same system.

g) Non-specialized tools
While specialized software is common, software that is not project management-
specific is often used in the management of projects. In particular, office
productivity tools are used by most project managers.
(Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_management_software)

3.6 Trello
Trello is a free web-based project management application made by Fog Creek
Software.

Trello uses a paradigm for managing projects known as kanban, a method that had
originally been popularized by Toyota in the 1980s for supply chain management.
Projects are represented by boards, which
contain lists (corresponding to task lists). Lists contain cards (corresponding to
tasks). Cards are supposed to progress from one list to the next (via drag-and-
drop), for instance mirroring the flow of a feature from idea to implementation.
Users can be assigned to cards. Users and boards can be grouped into
organizations.

Trello operates a freemium business model, as well as being cross-subsidized by

other Fog Creek Software products. A basic service is provided free of charge
though a Business Class paid-for service was recently launched in 2013.

a) Feature

Trello has limited support for tags, in the form of six colored labels that can be
renamed. Cards accept comments, attachments, votes, due dates and checklists.
Trello has an API.At the moment, the supported mobile app platforms are iPhone
and Android. However, its website has been designed to be accessible in most
mobile web browsers. An iPad application was released on March 12, 2013.

b) Release

Trello was released at a TechCrunch event by Fog Creek founder Joel Spolsky.
Wired magazine named the application in September 2011 as one of
19
"The 7 Coolest Startups You Haven’t Heard of Yet". Lifehacker said it "makes
project collaboration simple and kind of enjoyable".

c) Growth

In July 2012, the site surpassed 500,000 users. By December 2012, it had
surpassed 1,000,000.

d) Architecture

Trello is built on top of MongoDB, Node.js and Backbone.js.

e) Mobile Apps

There are a couple of native mobile apps for Trello on different platforms,
including iPhone & iPad, Android and also an app for Windows 8 or Windows RT.

(Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trello)

3.7 Trello: Project Management with Efficiency

Project management is almost as important as project development. A well-

developed project would lose its importance if project management is faulty. Due
to this reason, there are several highly efficient project management tools and
software available in the market. Among the freely available tools, Trello is one of
the finest project managers out there. Good thing about Trello is that it can
organize simplest tasks as well as advanced projects. Whether it is your day-to-
day work or some high-tech project, Trello can fulfill the management purpose
equally effectively.

The user interface of Trello is extremely simple which makes it very easy to use.
Trello gives the option of special cards which you can use to jot down special
information or ideas and retrieve them any time in future. You can then organize
these cards in lists and name those lists according to the nature of the cards.
What’s more, you can even attach files to the cards. For example, if you scribble
down an idea on a card and you require a file to be used in that idea, you can simply
attach the required file with the card. This file can be a document, an image, a
drawing etc. Your attachments, dates and checklists are arranged in a neat and
simple interface.

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 So Trello provides a simple and easy-to-use organization of your project and all
the aspects of the project are arranged so that you can investigate into any single
aspect in no time. This arrangement saves time and allows you to work on your
project in a streamlined manner.

1. Resources (Start Here!):

This list is perfect for you and your team to have all those documents, specs,
designs, or anything you tend to reference all the time. Meeting schedules and
answers to common questions are also recommended to pop into this list so that
your team is informed at all times.
2. Questions For Next Meeting:
Never again forget that important question you thought of in the shower this
morning! Slide your Q's into this handy list so your team keeps on flowing.
3. To Do:
The mother of all lists—the good ol' To Do. This is where assigned tasks live so
that your team can see who's working on what and when it's due. Crystal clear all
day, week, and month.
4. Pending:
We all have those in-between tasks that are technically done but also awkwardly
waiting for another step. That's where the Pending list comes into play, use this
list to share what those next mini-steps are with your team.
5. Blocked:
With any successful project comes at least one inevitable blocker. Splash those
red-tape, blocking issues that are slowing your team down so you can tackle it in
the best way; together.
6. Done:
Our favorite list, the Done list. Stop, drag, and drop! For all your finished tasks that
your team has hustled on and feels proud of. ✨

Project Management

3.8 Understanding Trello works

Trello works like below process.

21
You may have heard the buzz about the project management and collaboration
product, Trello. Created by Fog creek Software, this hosted tool can assist anyone
with getting and staying organized — whether you’re a solopreneur launching a
new initiative or you’ve been running an established business with an array of
remote employees. Trello can help you manage a single project, juggle multiple
workflows, or, keep a handle on both personal and professional interests.

Trello’s success comes from its flexible design. It provides the basic elements and
you can arrange and organize them to match the structure your project demands.

22
a) Unload Your Brain

“Basically, you can use Trello to unload your brain, then move things around in a
way that works for you,” says Ben McCormack of Fog Creek Software. While a
flexible approach to organization is great, there’s another thing that makes Trello
even better: “It’s free,” says McCormack.

Despite the overwhelming popularity of the product, McCormack says the product
was intended to be free, and will remain that way:

Our plan was to put it out there, hope that people would love it, invite others to
use it, and it would market itself. We do have some additional pay features, such
as Trello Gold and Business Class, but we’re not pushing those on our users.

This tutorial will help you become familiar with Trello's basic terminology, and
then walk you through the steps to organizing a project. Get set up with Trello for
free to follow along. Once you are familiar with Trello, you can take advantage of
its flexibility to work out a method that suits your business.

b) Understanding Trello’s Terminology

Trello is based on three main elements: boards, lists, and cards:

• A board is often used to house a project. Think of a late night TV crime

drama; at the start of a new case, detectives notoriously gather around a
large white board. It collects everything involved in solving the case: leads,
suspects, and things to investigate. Items are crossed off, added, or moved
around. The board is constantly updated as the case progresses.

• Within boards are lists. These typically represent the different stages of
progression toward project completion. Think again of the crime drama: at
the start of a case are several tips to explore, which may quickly turn into
dead ends or become solid leads. This could be represented by three lists
on the board: tips, dead ends, and valid leads.

23
 • Cards are the equivalent of to-do items which populate your list. What good
is a list without any items on it? Each card can represent a specific action,
which can be moved among different lists as it progresses or changes
hands. Cards can contain a wealth of information, such as photos,
conversations, documents, or links. They also can be broken down further
using checklists.

While your job probably differs from a late night crime drama, the basic elements
are the same. The board represents your overall goal. Cards are your to-do items,
which can be moved among lists, depending on their progress in the project.

But because of Trello’s flexible design, there’s nothing forcing you to comply with
this setup. “You can set it up to work for you, ” says McCormack. “One client used
a list for each customer. Within that, they used cards to represent areas of work
for that customer, and broke the cards down further by using checklists.”

Let’s take a look at a basic Trello setup.

3.9 Getting Started with Trello: A Basic Setup

Step 1

Your first step in using Trello is to create a board. Click on the Boards menu item
in the right corner of Trello, then choose New Board. We’ll call this board
Software Release. A board starts off with three default lists: To do, Doing, and
Done.

Step 2

You can work within these three lists, edit their titles, or add more lists to them.
For example, if you are planning a software release, you might start off with a list
of features to be assigned among your staff. Let’s edit the title of the first list from
To Do to Features. Click on the list, edit the name, then click Save.

24
Step 3

You know that later in the project, you’ll need a list for software that is ready for
testing. Double-click on the blank space below the lists, and a box appears. Type
the name of a new list, Testing, and place it in fourth position on your display.

Step 4

Now your Software Release board has four lists:

Step 5

You can move lists around to arrange them in an order that’s logical to you.
Perhaps you decided you want Done to be the final list, so click on that and drag it
to the last position.

Step 6

Now that your lists are set up, you can enter some cards. First you want to itemize
the features you’re planning to work on in the release. Each will have its own card,
which will start off in the features list. Click on the Add Card button under
Features, then enter the description of the feature: Update the user interface.

Step 7

Continue adding cards for each planned feature. Right now you’re just creating the
cards, without adding any content; we’ll look at cards in more detail later.

Step 8

You can move cards between lists by clicking on the card and dragging. Let’s move
Fix known bugs from Features to Doing.

25
3.10 Adding Others to Your Board

A Trello board can be either public or private. This setting is displayed at the top
of a board, to the right of the board's name.

If you’re a business of one, your board can stay private; you don’t need to invite
other members. Private boards are also a great way to organize your non- business
affairs, such as planning a party or keeping up with household repairs.

But if you have others working with you, you’ll need to set your board to public so
you can add the people who are working on the project with you. Choose Add
Members from the sidebar menu. If the person isn’t already on Trello, enter an
email address to invite them to your board.

26
Once the member accepts the invitation, you can begin interacting with them; you
can assign cards to them, they can receive notifications of changes to their cards,
and they can engage in discussions.

3.11 Filling out Cards

Cards are an invaluable way to keep everything relevant to a task in one place.
Rather than having details scattered among various emails, documents, images, or
conversations, you can pull everything together on the card, where it will remain
even after you archive the project.

Let's take a closer look at what you can do with cards.

Step 1

When you double-click on a card, a more detailed card screen displays. Here is the
expanded card for the Update the user interface item created earlier.

Step 2

You may find it helpful to categorize your cards. The Labels and Members areas
on the upper right corner allow you do this. You can click on Edit Labels to color
code a card — perhaps to specify department, priority, and client. Or, you can use
Assign to link a card to a Trello member.

Step 3

On the left, you'll see the Activity column, where users can engage in
conversations, or to enter notes to themselves. If you're entering a comment to
another user, identify the person by typing the @ sign with their Trello name, or
by clicking on the down arrow symbol just below the comments area. Trello will
send that person a notification of the message.

On this card, you type a comment for the user @seanhodge1: "You'll be taking
over the user interface for the new release".

27
Step 4

On the middle right column are the Actions, where you can enter more details
about the card. The first action enables you to break down the card into more
detailed checklists. Click on the Add Checklist button, then enter a name to
describe your checklist. Here, we'll call the task Read results of user survey.

Now you can type specific checklist items for that task. They will appear as a list
with a checkbox beside them. You can even copy items from another list, if you had
several tasks that are composed of similar items.

Here is an example of the completed checklist created for the task Read results of
user survey.

Step 5

Due dates are an important part of any project, so you can click on the Due Date
button in the middle of the Actions column to add a date to this card.

Step 6

You can attach images, documents, or other files to a card, which makes it easy to
share information, particularly if your workers are remote. Click on Attachments
and you can add files from your computer, Google Drive, or your Dropbox.

Step 7

In addition to clicking on the card and dragging it, as we did earlier, you can use
the Move Card button to move the card as it changes hands or progresses in the
project's cycle.

Step 8

The bottom two buttons allow you to Subscribe to a card, which will keep you
informed on the card's progress, or Archive a card once it's completed.

28
(Source: http://business.tutsplus.com/articles/trello-project-management--fsw-
43840)

3.12 Branding Process of Dossier Technologies Ltd.

3.12.1 The 5 factors of Branding

Understanding these following factors are essential to understand the current position of
a Brand and how it differentiates itself from its competitors to create a permanent
position in the minds of the consumers.

• Brand Attributes
• Consumer Perception
• Consumer Expectation
• Price
• Competitor Attributes

Figure: 5 Factors of Branding

29
1. Brand Attributes

This is basically what the brand delivers through features and benefits to consumers. For
Dossier Technologies Ltd., the services they provide in Bangladesh (described in Chapter
2) are their brand attributes that make them different from their competitors. If we
consider it in materialistic point of view, then the size, shape, color, etc are part of the
attributes. However as PORTONICS is a part of the service industry, in this case, the
superior services they provide and the different number of services they provide in
Bangladesh act as the attributes for Dossier Technologies.

2. Consumer Expectations

As the name says it, it is what that any IT demanded company expect to receive from the
brand. Being an internee at Dossier Technologies, my expectation would be to find
PORTONICS anywhere I travel around the country. At this level, Dossier Technologies is
successful in meeting consumer’s expectations.

3. Competitor attributes

When we consider brand positioning, we have to analyze who are our competitors and
what are they providing in terms of attributes to their consumers. Thus, competitor
attributes are basically what the other brands in the market offer through features and
benefits to consumers. In the later part of this chapter, this part is described in details.

4. Price

Pricing strategies are very important when it comes to distinction among brands and
decision making process. However, as IT companies provide services, for PORTONICS the
pricing strategy is mainly based on the amount of cost that that have occurred during the
project which is always consist of their fixed and variable cost. When it comes to
immediate competitors of Dossier Technologies in Bangladesh, variation among the other
IT companies are not that high. However, when we compare it with the local IT companies,
there occurs a vast amount of variation mainly because the ultimate survival plan for them
is through their cost.

30
5. Consumer perceptions

This is the perceived quality and value of the brand in consumer’s mind (i.e., does the
brand offer the cheap solution, the good value for the money solution, the high-end, high-
price tag solution, etc.?). If we consider Dossier Technologies perception in the customer’s
mind, then the first thing customer’s would consider is the brand that Dossier
Technologies has created within the country. As a result, most of the companies want to
do their website or social media marketing through Dossier Technologies LTD. This
means a lot to Dossier Technologies as they always gives value to their customers and in
service marketing customer perception gives you the ultimate business.

3.13 SWOT Analysis

The description below analyses Dossier Technologies Ltd.’s internal strengths,

weaknesses, external opportunities and threats. This has been prepared based on
their performance since their existence in our country and some IT comapnies are
taken into consideration as immediate competitors.

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 Strengths Weaknesses
• Young enthusiastic • Narrow operating span
workforce • Centralised decision
• Reputation for having no making
hidden charges • Limited number of
• Strong brand image manpower

Opportunities Threads
• Growing upper class • Cost of service is high
customers • Increased number of
• Weaker marketing copmetitors
approach by other local • Speed of Internet
and foreign IT companies connection
• Growing need for websites
and social media
marketing

Figure: SWOT Analysis of PORTONICS LTD.

3.14 Industry Analysis (Porters Five Forces)

It is extremely crucial to analyze competitive forces in the industry environment to

identify opportunities and threats. Michael E. Porter’s well-known framework, known as
the five forces model helps with this sort of analysis. The model focuses on five forces that

32
shape competition within an industry. The stronger the five forces, the more limited is the
ability of established companies to raise prices and earn greater profits. Therefore,

33
we can conclude that a strong competitive force can be considered as a threat because it
depresses profit, whereas, a weak competitive force can be viewed as an opportunity as it
facilitates the companies to earn higher profits. The situation of the industry changes over
time. The influence of the five forces in the banking industry has been discussed below:

a. Threat of Potential Entrants:

Potential competitors are companies that are not currently competing in an industry but
have the capability to get into the industry. The IT Industry of Bangladesh seriously faces
the threat of new entrants. However the threat comes from two directions. The first threat
comes with the arrival of the local companies like Sailor Info Tech. or Devs Team.
Secondly, the continuous entries of foreign companies like Orange, GP IT etc. also possess
a severe threat to this industry. But PORTONICS is aware of these potential competitors.
So it is trying to expand country wide to make the sector unattractive and to create entry
barrier. Government policies for IT industry are not so strong in this country. We do not
have strong rules and regulation from Bangladesh Government for regulating the private
IT sectors. If government does not regulate the IT sector strongly, then lots of new IT
companies will come and will make the competition more intense.

34
b. Rivalry among Established Companies:

Although in the U.S., IT companies offer a wide range of activities, including website
management, Credit management, Automation, Client management, portfolio
management, etc, but, in case of our country, these services may differ. In Bangladesh, an
T firm can perform multiple operations including website creation and management,
portfolio management, etc. This scenario is true for all the IT companies operating in
Bangladesh. The prime competitors of this sector are-

1. Dossier Technologies Ltd.

2. ORANGEBD

3. GP IT

4. Sailor Info Tech. Ltd.

5. Devs Team Ltd.

c. Threat of Substitute

In IT sector, the types of services provided are similar to each other. That’s why everything
depends on the service provided. The best the service is, the more reputation the company
has. Thus, threat of substitute is less in this sector. Moreover, Dossier Technologies
provides Social Media Solutions to companies which is a unique feature. This makes the
business of Dossier Technologies more sustainable in the market and reduces the level of
substitutes.

d. Bargaining Power of Buyers:

Bargaining power of the buyer can be viewed as a competitive threat when they are in a
position to demand lower prices from the company or when they are in a position to
demand better service that can increase operating costs. On the other hand, when buyers
are weak, a company can raise its prices and earn greater profits. For IT industry, buyer
means the organization who want to take the service from a company. Here, service is the
most prominent feature and mostly demanded. Price sometimes does not matter most if
the service is best provided. Dossier Technologies has the reputation of providing the best
service to its customer and thus has the supreme bargaining power over its Buyers.

35
e. Bargaining Power of Suppliers:

Bargaining power of suppliers can be viewed as a threat when they are able to force up
the price that a company must pay for its inputs or reduce the quality of the inputs they
supply, thereby depressing the company’s profitability. On the other hand, if suppliers
are weak, this gives the company the opportunity to force down prices and demand
higher input quality. For IT companies, the main supplier of organization are marketing
persons. They goes to various organizations and describe our services. Dossier
Technologies has the reputation of providing the best service to its customer and thus
has the supreme bargaining power over its Buyers.

36
 Chapter-4

Learning Outcomes

37
4. Result and Discussion

While working I have gained a newer kind of experience. After collecting and
analysing data I have got some idea about the overall project management process
of Dossier Technologies Ltd. which is given below:

➢ Trello gives Dossier Technologies and their customer to interact among

themselves. It helps Dossier Technologies to serve its customer better.

➢ Trello give us the opportunity to drag and drop attachments

➢ In Dossier Technologies the employees think that it is the best collaborative

use tools for project management.

➢ In Dossier Technologies Ltd most of the employees think that they always
work for the betterment of the customer. It means they serve their
customer first.

38
➢ PORTONICS currently don’t have any challenge as there is no other
competitor exists. But in the near future it can be said they might face
challenge.

➢ Dossier Technologies gives their number one priority in IT development

rather than social media marketing.

39
 Chapter-4.1
Evaluation of the Report

40
5. Recommendation:

Based on the observation, I can suggest some below recommendations-

➢ Dossier Technologies maintains their filling system well virtually but their
physical filling system is very bad. Infact they do not have any such facility.
I maintained my own files by myself back there.
➢ Dossier Technologies does not concentrate too much on their Social Media
Department. But I believe that they should focus on this business as the
prospect of this business is very high.
➢ In IT sector, you need to have various trainings to keep yourself updated.
In Dossier Technologies, this type of trainings are less frequent in number.
It should be done on periodic basis like weekly or monthly basis.
➢ Graphic Designing plays a very crucial role in IT Industry. In Dossier
Technologies the number of Graphic Designer is only one. So, it creates
problem sometime to deliver on schedule project handover as designing
part takes too much time.
➢ In Dossier Technologies our Communication Expert is part time. So, Dossier
Technologies can hire full time expert and train some marketing people the
essential parts of communication to get the job done properly.
➢ In Dossier Technologies, there is no such department called ‘Market
Research Department’. All the researches are done mostly by the Directors
and partially it was me who was doing the researches. There should be
separate department for this as you need to have proper market
knowledge.
➢ There is no HR available in Dossier Technologies So it becomes difficult
sometimes to select good people for the organization. Also, due to having
no HR, employee retention becomes difficult at sometimes.

41
Chapter-4.2

Conclusion

42
6. Conclusion

Dossier Technologies is overall a very good organization to start a career as it gives

one huge scope of work. Also their pay scale is good. Moreover, their reputation in
market is significantly high and their clients are relatively very happy by the
service they get from Dossier Technologies. This makes the organization more
sustainable in market and gives it the opportunity to retain the market lead. Also,
the higher authorities are very friendly and they have the mentally to hear from
the employees all the time. This means their door is always open for any level of
people working in the organization. Due to this behavior, the employee turnover
rate is very less in the organization. I am very happy to have an organization like
Dossier Technologies as my Internship. I wish Dossier Technologies the best for
their future.

43
References

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_management_software

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trello

• http://www.massinertia.com/trello-project-management-with-
efficiency/

• http://business.tutsplus.com/articles/trello-project-management--fsw-
43840

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