Cheat sheet for Python Topics Cheat Sheet

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Python Lists Python Lists (cont) Python Lists (cont)

#Defin​ition: Elements in a list can be modified using # Using sort() method :

A list is a mutable collection of ordered indexing or slicing. my_lis​t.s​ort()
elements enclosed in square brackets []. my_list = [1, 2, 3] print(my_list)
Lists can contain any type of data, including my_list[0] = 4 # Output: [0, 1, 4, 5, 6]
other lists. print(​my_​list) # Output: [4, 2, 3]
# Using reverse() method :
#Creating a List : Some Examples to modify elements using
my_lis​t.r​eve​rse()
index and slice()
Lists can be created using square brackets print(my_list)
[] or the list() constr​uctor. my_list = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry'] # Output: [6, 5, 4, 1, 0]
my_list[1] = 'orange' changes the second
#Using Square brackets: Copying a List:
element in the list to 'orange'.
my_list = [1, 2, 3] my_list = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry']
my_lis​t.a​ppe​nd(​'gr​ape') adds 'grape' to the
# Using the list () constr​uctor: new_list = my_lis​t.c​opy()
end of the list.
my_list = list([1, 2, 3]) my_lis​t.e​xte​nd(​['k​iwi', 'water​mel​on']) adds Nested Lists:

myList = list(r​ang​e(5)) # a list with five items the list ['kiwi', 'water​melon'] to the end of the my_list = [[1, 2], [3, 4]]
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4] list. print(my_list[0][1]) # Output: 2
myList = [i*2 for i in range(5)] a list with five my_lis​t.r​emo​ve(​'ch​erry') removes the
List Functions:
items [0, 2, 4, 6, 8] element 'cherry' from the list.
sum(my​_list)
my_lis​t.p​op(0) removes and returns the first
Accessing Elements : all(my_list)
element in the list ('apple').
Elements in a list can be accessed using any(my_list)
List Methods :
indexing or slicing. enumerate(my_list)
Lists have many built-in methods, including: zip(my_list1, my_list2)
# Accessing an element using indexing :
# Using append() method : List Compre​hen​sions :
my_list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
Print(my_list[0]) # output: 1 accesses the my_list = [1, 2, 3] List compre​hen​sions provide a concise way
first element in the list (1). my_list.append(4) to create lists based on existing lists.
print(my_list)
# Accessing a slice of elements using # Creating a new list using list compre​‐
# Output: [1, 2, 3, 4]
slicing : hension :
# Using extend() method :
print(​my_​lis​t[1​:4])) # Output: [2, 3, 4] my_list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
my_lis​t.e​xte​nd([5, 6]) new_list = [x * 2 for x in my_list]
Some examples on indexing and slicing :
print(my_list) print(new_list) # Output: [2, 4, 6, 8, 10]
my_list = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry']
# Output: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] my_list = [x for x in range(1, 6)]
print(my_list[1]) # Output: banana accesses
# Using insert() method : even_list = [x for x in range(1, 11) if x % 2
the second element in the list ('bana​na').
== 0]
print(my_list[-1]) # Output: cherry accesses my_lis​t.i​nse​rt(0, 0)
the last element in the list ('cher​ry'). print(my_list) Advantage of Using Lists :
print(my_list[1:]) # Output: ['banana', # Output: [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] Lists are mutable, which makes them more
'cherry'] accesses all elements in the list # Using remove() method : flexible to use than tuples.
from the second element to the end
my_lis​t.r​emo​ve(3)
Modifying Elements : print(my_list)
# Output: [0, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6]
# Using pop() method :
my_lis​t.p​op(2)
print(my_list)
# Output: [0, 1, 4, 5, 6]

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 Cheat sheet for Python Topics Cheat Sheet
by srinivas.ram via cheatography.com/183208/cs/38151/

Tuples In Python Tuples In Python (cont) Dictio​naries in Python (cont)

What are Tuples? Returns the number of times a specified # Accessing a value by key
A tuple is an ordered, immutable collection value occurs in a tuple. my_dict["key1"] # returns "value1"
of elements. my_tuple = (1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 4) # Using the get() method to avoid KeyError
In Python, tuples are created using parent​‐ # Count the number of times the value 2 my_dict.get("key1") # returns "value1"
heses () appears my_dict.get("key4") # returns None
and the elements are separated by commas print(my_tuple.count(2)) # Output: 3 # Using the get() method with a default
,. index() value
my_dict.get("key4", "​def​aul​t_v​alu​e") #
Creating Tuples Returns the index of the first occurrence of a
returns "​def​aul​t_v​alu​e"
# Create an empty tuple specified value in a tuple.
my_tuple = (1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 4) Adding and updating values
my_tuple = ()
# Create a tuple with elements # Find the index of the first occurrence of # Adding a new key-value pair

my_tuple = (1, 2, 3) the value 3 my_dict["key4"] = "value4"

# Create a tuple with a single element print(my_tuple.index(3)) # Output: 3 # Updating a value
my_tuple = (1,) Tuple Unpacking my_dict["key1"] = "new_value1"
# Create a tuple without parentheses # Using the update() method to add/update
You can also "​unp​ack​" tuples, which allows
my_tuple = 1, 2, 3 multiple values
you to assign the values in a tuple to
my_dict.update({"key5": "​val​ue5​", "​key​6": "​‐
Accessing Elements separate variables.
val​ue6​"})
Tuples are ordered collec​tions, my_tuple = ('John', 'Doe', 30)
# Unpack the tuple into separate variables Removing values
So you can access individual elements
using indexing. first_name, last_name, age = my_tuple # Removing a key-value pair
my_tuple = ('apple', 'banana', 'cherry') print(first_name) # Output: 'John' del my_dict["key1"]
print(last_name) # Output: 'Doe' # Using the pop() method to remove a key-
# Access the first element
print(age) # Output: 30 value pair and return the valmy_​dic​t.p​op(​"​‐
print(​my_​tup​le[0]) # Output: 'apple'
Advantages of Tuples key​2") # returns "value2"ue
# Access the last element
Tuples are immutable, so they're useful for
print(​my_​tup​le[-1]) # Output: 'cherry' # Using the pop() method with a default
storing data that shouldn't be changed
value
Immuta​bility accidentally.
my_dict.pop("key4", "​def​aul​t_v​alu​e") #
Tuples are immutable, which means that Tuples are faster than lists, since they're
returns "default_value"
you can't modify their contents after they're smaller and can be stored more effici​ently
# Using the clear() method to remove all
created. in memory.
key-value pairs
my_tuple = (1, 2, 3) Tuples can be used as dictionary keys,
my_dict.clear()
# Trying to modify the first element will while lists cannot.
Other methods
result in an error
my_tuple[0] = 4 # TypeError: 'tuple' object Dictio​naries in Python # Getting the number of key-value pairs
does not support item assignment len(my_dict)
Creating a dictionary
# Checking if a key exists in the dictionary
Tuple Methods # Empty dictionary
"key1" in my_dict
Tuples have a few built-in methods that you my_dict = {}
# Getting a list of keys
can use: # Dictionary with initial values
my_dict.keys()
count() my_dict = {"ke​y1": "​val​ue1​", "​key​2": "​val​‐
# Getting a list of values
ue2​", "​key​3": "value3"}
my_dict.values()
# Using the dict() constructor
# Getting a list of key-value pairs as tuples
my_dict = dict(k​ey1​="va​lue​1", key2="v​alu​‐
my_dict.items()
e2", key3="v​alu​e3")
Advantages of Python dictio​naries
Accessing values

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 Cheat sheet for Python Topics Cheat Sheet
by srinivas.ram via cheatography.com/183208/cs/38151/

Dictio​naries in Python (cont) Python strings (cont)

Python dictio​naries offer fast lookups, name = "John"

flexible key/value storage, age = 30
dynamic resizing, efficient memory usage, print("My name is {} and I'm {} years old".fo​‐
and ease of use, making them a versatile rma​t(name, age))
and powerful data structure widely used in # My name is John and I'm 30 years old
Python progra​mming. # f-strings (Python 3.6+)
print(f"My name is {name} and I'm {age}
Python strings years old")
# My name is John and I'm 30 years old
Creating strings
Encoding and decoding strings
my_string = "​Hello, World!​" # double quotes
my_string = 'Hello, World!' # single quotes my_string = "​Hello, World!"
my_string = "​"​"​Hello, World!​"​"​" # triple encoded_string = my_str​ing.en​cod​e("u​tf-​8")
quotes (for multiline strings) # b'Hello, World!'
decoded_string = encode​d_s​tri​ng.d​ec​ode​‐
Accessing characters in a string
("ut​f-8​") # Hello, World!
my_string = "​Hello, World!"
Advantages of strings in Python
print(my_string[0]) # H
print(my_string[-1]) # ! Strings in Python have several advant​ages,
including their flexibility,
Slicing strings
ease of use, and extensive library of built-in
my_string = "​Hello, World!"
string methods,
print(my_string[0:5]) # Hello
making it easy to manipulate and format
print(my_string[7:]) # World!
text data for various purposes
print(my_string[:5]) # Hello
such as data analysis, web develo​pment,
print(my_string[::2]) # Hlo ol!
and automation tasks.
String methods
my_string = "​Hello, World!"
print(my_string.upper()) # HELLO, WORLD!
print(my_string.lower()) # hello, world!
print(my_string.replace("Hello", "​Hi")) # Hi,
World!
print(my_string.split(",")) # ['Hello', ' World!']
print(my_string.strip()) # Hello, World!
(remove whitespace)
print(len(my_string)) # 13 (length of the
string)
Concat​enating strings
str1 = "Hello"
str2 = "World"
print(str1 + " " + str2) # Hello World
String formatting

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