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2.Views Of Data

The document discusses how data is stored in databases and the concept of data abstraction, which simplifies user interaction by hiding complex data structures. It outlines three levels of data abstraction: physical, logical, and view levels, each serving different roles for database administrators and users. Additionally, it explains the concepts of schema and instance, detailing how schemas define the organization and relationships of data while instances represent the current state of data in the database.

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18 views

2.Views Of Data

The document discusses how data is stored in databases and the concept of data abstraction, which simplifies user interaction by hiding complex data structures. It outlines three levels of data abstraction: physical, logical, and view levels, each serving different roles for database administrators and users. Additionally, it explains the concepts of schema and instance, detailing how schemas define the organization and relationships of data while instances represent the current state of data in the database.

Uploaded by

priyaspomdrive
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Views Of Data

Views Of Data:

It refers that how database is actually stored in database, what data and structure
of data used by database for data. So describe all this database provides user with views and these are

 Data abstraction

 Instances and schemas.

Data abstraction:

As a data in database are stored with very complex data structure so when user
come and want to access any data, he will not be able to access data if he has go through this data structure. So to
simplify the interaction of user and database, DBMS hides some information's which is not of user interest, a this is
called data abstraction:- So developer hides complexity from user and store abstract view of data.

Data abstraction has three level of abstractions:

 Level / internal level

 Logical level / Conceptual level

 View level / External level

1.Physical level:- This is the lowest level of data abstraction which describe How data is actual stored in database.
This level basically describe the data structure and access path /indexing use for accessing file. Only the database
administrator operates at this level.

2.Logical level:- The next level of abstraction describe what data are stored in the database and what are the
relationship existed among those of data. It is the developer and database administrator who operates at the logical
or the conceptual level.

3.View level:- In this level user only interact with database and the complexity remain unview . user see data and
there may be many views of one data like chart and graph. Here, the user retrieves the information using different
application from the database
Instance and Schema in DBMS:
What is SCHEMA- Design of database is called the Schema. It is
basically skeleton structure that represent the logical view of entire database. It defines how data is organized and
how the relationship among them are associated. It formulates all the constraints that are to be applied on the
data. Database system has various schemas.

1.Physical database schema:

 It describes how data will be stored in hard disc / secondary storage device.

 It describes the database design at physical level.

 The schema related to the actual storage of data and its form of storage like file,

indices.

2.Logical database schema: This schema define all the logical constraints that need to be applied

on the data storage.

 It Defines table, views, and integrity constraint.

 Define relationship between table and keys applied.

3.View Schema: It describes different views of database and sometime also called subschema.

Instance:

Collection of information stored in the database at a particular moment is


called an instance.

Example:
Table Student St_Name St_Id St_Gender
What Is an Instance---> Deepak 889 male

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