An American National Standard

Designation: A 1012 – 02

Standard Specification for

Seamless and Welded Ferritic, Austenitic and Duplex Alloy
Steel Condenser and Heat Exchanger Tubes With Integral
Fins1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 1012; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope * A 789/A 789M Specification for Seamless and Welded Fer-

1.1 This specification describes seamless and welded fer- ritic / Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubing for General Service
2
ritic, austenitic and duplex alloy steel tubing on which the
external or internal surface, or both, has been modified by a A 803/A 803M Specification for Welded Ferritic Stainless
cold forming process to produce an integral enhanced surface Steel Feedwater Heater Tubes 2
for improved heat transfer. The tubes are used in surface A 941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Re-
condensers, evaporators, heat exchangers and similar heat lated Alloys, and Ferroalloys 2
transfer apparatus in unfinned end diameters up to and includ- A 1016/A 1016M Specification for General Requirements
ing 1 in. (25.4 mm). Boiler tubes are excluded. for Ferritic Alloy Steel, Austenitic Alloy Steel, and Stain-
less Steel Tubes 2
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1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded

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E 1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations 3

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as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for

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information only.
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1.3 The following precautionary statement pertains to the
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test method portion only, Section 12, of this specification: This

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3.1 Definitions—For definition of general terms used in this
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standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,

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specification, refer to Specification A 941.
3.2 Symbols (Integral Fin Tube Nomenclature) :
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if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user

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of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health

practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita- D = outside diameter of unenhanced section
tions prior to use. Di = inside diameter of unenhanced section
dr = root diameter of enhanced section outside of tube
2. Referenced Documents
do = outside diameter of enhanced section
2.1 ASTM Standards: di = inside diameter of enhanced section
A 213/A 213M Specification for Seamless Ferritic and Aus- W = wall thickness of unenhanced section
tenitic Alloy-Steel Boiler, Superheater, and Heat- Wf = wall thickness of enhanced section
Exchanger Tubes2 Fh = height of fin—enhanced section outside of tube
A 249/A 249M Specification for Welded Austenitic Steel Fm = mean fin thickness—enhanced section outside of tube
Boiler, Superheater, Heat-Exchanger and Condenser P = mean rib pitch—enhanced section inside of tube
Tubes2 Rh = height of rib—enhanced section inside of tube
A 268/A 268M Specification for Seamless and Welded Fer- Ha = rib helix angle—enhanced section inside of tube
Tt = transition taper
ritic and Martensitic Stainless Steel Tubing for General
Service2 4. Ordering Information
A 269/A 269M Specification for Seamless and Welded Aus-
4.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all
tenitic Stainless Steel Tubing for General Service 2
requirements that are necessary for material ordered under this
A 688/A 688M Specification for Welded Austenitic Stain-
specification. Such requirements may include, but are not
less Steel Feedwater Heater Tubes 2
limited to, the following:
4.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue (this specifica-
1
tion);
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
4.1.2 ASTM designation and year of issue (plain tube
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products. specification);
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 2002. Published December 2002. Originally
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as A 1012-00.
2 3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.03.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.

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 A 1012 – 02
tubes that conform to one of the following ASTM specifica-
tions: A 213/A 213M, A 249/A 249M, A 268/A 268M, A 269/
A 269M, A 688/A 688M, A 789/A 789M, A 803/A 803M.

7. Temper
7.1 The tube after enhancing shall normally be supplied in
the as-finned temper. When specified by the purchaser, for
bending, coiling or other fabricating operations, enhanced
FIG. 1 Outside Enhancement Only portions of the tube may be stress relief annealed or solution
annealed.
7.2 Heat treatment of enhanced sections, or bend areas, or
both, shall be in accordance with the governing plain tube
specification.

8. Chemical Composition
8.1 The tubing specified shall conform to the chemical
requirements prescribed in the governing plain tube specifica-
tion.

9. Tensile Requirements
FIG. 2 Outside and Inside Enhancement 9.1 The tube prior to the finning operation, or unenhanced
portions of the finned tube, shall conform to the requirements
for tensile properties prescribed in the governing plain tube
4.1.3 Welded or seamless;
specification.
4.1.4 Alloy grade and UNS designation;
4.1.5 Dimensions; plain tube outside diameter, plain tube 10. Permissible Variations in Dimensions
wall thickness (average or minimum specified), length and
10.1 Diameter—The outside diameter of the unenhanced
location of unenhanced surfaces and the total tube length.
sections shall not exceed the diameter tolerances shown in the
Configuration of enhanced surfaces (fins per unit length, fin
governing plain tube specification as measured by micrometers
height, wall thickness under fin, rib pitch, rib height, etc.) shall
and verified by “go” and “no go” ring gages. The diameter over
be as agreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser
the enhanced sections shall not exceed the diameter of the plain
(see Figs. 1 and 2).
sections involved, as determined by a “go” ring gage unless
4.1.6 Temper (as-finned or stress relief annealed);
otherwise specified. The dimensions of the ring gages shall be
4.1.7 Quantity;
as described in 10.1.1 and 10.1.2.
4.1.8 Packaging;
10.1.1 The inside diameter dimension of the “go” ring gage
4.1.9 Nondestructive tests;
shall be equal to the nominal tube diameter, plus the maximum
4.1.10 Customer inspection;
tolerance, plus .002 in. The length of the “go” ring gage shall
4.1.11 Mill test report;
be 1 in. (25.4 mm) minimum.
4.1.12 Certification.
10.1.2 The inside diameter dimension of the “no go” ring
5. General Requirements gage shall be equal to the nominal tube diameter minus the
maximum tolerance. The length of the “no go” ring gage shall
5.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-
be 1 in. (25.4 mm) minimum.
form to the applicable requirements of Specification A 1016/
10.2 Wall Thickness —The wall thickness of enhanced and
A 1016M unless otherwise provided herein.
unenhanced sections shall not exceed the thickness tolerances
5.2 Enhanced (integrally finned) sections of the tube shall
shown in the governing plain tube specification unless other-
be produced by cold forming the tubing in such a manner that
wise agreed to between the manufacture and purchaser. No
exterior fins, wall under the fin and inside ribs (when specified)
tube at any point shall be less than the minimum thickness
are homogeneous.
specified in the plain sections or in the enhanced sections.
5.3 Tubes described by this specification shall be furnished
10.3 Length—The length of the tubes shall not be less than
with unenhanced (plain) ends.
that specified, but may exceed the specified value by the
5.4 Enhanced sections of the tube are normally supplied in
amounts given in Table 1.
the “as finned” temper (cold worked condition produced by the
enhancing operation). The unenhanced sections of the tube
shall be in the annealed condition and shall be suitable for TABLE 1 Length Tolerances
rolling-in operations. Specified Lengt h, ft (m) Tolerance, in. (mm)
Up to 24 (7.3), incl + 1
⁄8 (3.2)
6. Materials and Manufacture Over 24 to 34 (7.3 to 10.4), incl + 1
⁄4 (6.4)
Over 34 to 44 (10.4 to 13.4), incl + 3
⁄8 (9.5)
6.1 The integrally enhanced (finned) tubes shall be manu- Over 44 (13.4) + 1
⁄2 (12.7) max
factured from seamless, welded, or welded/cold worked plain

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 A 1012 – 02
10.3.1 The length of plain ends, as measured from the tube Tubes causing irrelevant signals because of visible and identi-
end to the first tool impression, shall not be less than that fiable handling marks (rough fin tip, notches in the fin) shall be
specified, but may exceed the specified value by 1⁄2 in. (12.7 considered to conform, provided the wall thickness in the
mm). enhanced and unenhanced areas is not less than the minimum
10.3.2 The length of fin sections and lands (unenhanced specified.
portions) shall be as specified 6 1⁄4 in. (6.35 mm). 12.1.1.5 Tubes causing relevant signals because of injurious
10.4 Squareness of Cut—The angle of cut of the end of any defects (incomplete welds, splits, embedded debris, broken
tube may depart from square by not more than 0.016 in. tool impressions, ID defects), that reduce the wall thickness
10.5 Straightness—The tube shall be reasonably straight
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below the minimum specified shall be rejected. If, after retest
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and free of bends or kinks.

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and examination, no source for the reject signal can be
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discerned, the tube shall be rejected.

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11. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance

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12.1.2 Pneumatic Test—When examined with this test

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11.1 Finished tubes shall be clean and free of foreign

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method, each tube shall withstand a minimum internal air
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material, shall have smooth ends free of burrs, and shall be free
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pressure of 250 psi (1.72 MPa), for a minimum of 5s, without
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of injurious external and internal imperfections. Minor defects

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showing evidence of leakage. The test method used shall
may be removed, provided the dimensional tolerances of
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permit easy detection of any leakage either by placing the tube
Section 10 are not exceeded. underwater or by using the pressure differential method as
11.2 A slight amount of oxidation on the surface resulting follows:
from heat treatment after enhancing or bending is acceptable. 12.1.2.1 Air Underwater Pressure Test —Each tube shall be
When the plain tube specification allows for a slight amount of tested in accordance with Specification A 1016/A 1016M ex-
oxidation on the surface resulting from heat treatment, this also cept using test pressure specified in 12.1.2.
is acceptable. 12.1.2.2 Pressure Differential Test —Procedure and accep-
tance criteria shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer
12. Nondestructive Tests
and purchaser.
12.1 After enhancing operations, subject each tube to a 12.1.3 Hydrostatic Test—When examined with this test
nondestructive electromagnetic test, and either a pneumatic or method, each tube shall be tested in accordance with Specifi-
hydrostatic test as specified in the purchase order. Tubes cation A 1016/A 1016M, except, the equation for calculating
normally shall be tested in the as-fabricated condition but, at test pressure shall be modified as follows:
the option of the manufacturer or purchaser, may be tested in
Inch2Pound Units: P 5 32 000 Wf / d r (1)
the stress relief annealed condition.
SI Units: P 5 220.6 Wf / d r
12.1.1 Eddy Current Test—Eddy current inspect the tube by
passing it through an encircling coil designed to test the entire where:
cross section of the tube. P = hydrostatic test pressure, psi (or MPa),
12.1.1.1 The reference standard used to adjust the sensitiv- Wf = wall under fin thickness, in. (or mm),
ity setting of the apparatus shall be sound and of the same dr = fin root diameter, in. (or mm),
nominal alloy, enhanced configuration, condition (temper), and 12.1.3.1 As agreed upon between the manufacturer and
nominal dimensions as the lot of tubes to be tested on a purchaser, a minimum hydrostatic test pressure in excess of the
production basis. Drill four holes not larger than 0.031 in. requirements of Specification A 1016/A 1016M may be stated
(0.787 mm) in diameter radially through the enhanced wall in on the order. The tube wall stress shall be determined by the
each of four successive planes at 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270°. Use following equation:
a suitable drill jig to guide the drill, taking care to avoid S 5 Pdr / 2Wf (2)
distortion of the adjacent fins. Locate one hole in the weld for
welded material. Space artificial discontinuities at least 16 in. where:
(406 mm) apart to provide signal resolution adequate for S = tube wall stress, psi (or MPa), and all other symbols as
interpretation. Discard and replace the reference standard when defined in 12.1.3.
erroneous signals are produced from mechanical, metallurgi- 12.1.3.2 The hydrostatic test may be performed before the
cal, or other damage to the tube. tube is cut to final length but must be performed after
12.1.1.2 Adjust the eddy current test unit to obtain an enhancing, bending, heat treatment, or other forming opera-
optimum signal-to-noise ratio with the minimum sensitivity tions.
required to detect all four artificial defects in the reference
standard on a repeatable basis. Equipment adjustments and 13. Inspection
tube speed maintained during calibration shall be the same for 13.1 The manufacturer shall inspect and make the necessary
production tubes. tests to verify that the enhanced tubes furnished conform to the
12.1.1.3 Set aside tubes showing an eddy current indication requirements of the customer purchase order and to the
in excess of any signal obtained from artificial defects in the requirements of this specification.
reference standard and subject them to retest or rejection. 13.2 Should the purchaser additionally elect to perform his
12.1.1.4 Tubes causing irrelevant signals because of debris own inspection, the manufacturer shall make provisions for
and like effects shall be considered to conform, should they not such in accordance with requirements specified in Specification
cause output signals beyond acceptable limits when retested. A 1016/A 1016M.

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 A 1012 – 02
14. Rejection by supplementary requirements, or other requirements desig-
14.1 Provisions for rejection shall be in accordance with nated in the purchase order shall be reported, but may be
requirements in Specification A 1016/A 1016M. reported in a separate document.
15.2.2 Enhanced Tube:
15. Certified Test Report 15.2.2.1 ASTM material designation.
15.2.2.2 Manufacturer name and order number.
15.1 The manufacturer shall furnish to the purchaser a
15.2.2.3 Customer name and purchase order number.
certified test report in accordance with requirements specified
15.2.2.4 Product description or part number.
in A 1016/A 1016M.
15.2 In addition, the certified test report shall include the 15.2.2.5 Quantity.
15.2.2.6 Eddy current test results.
following information and test results, as modified, when
applicable: 15.2.2.7 Pneumatic test pressure and test results, when
specified.
15.2.1 Plain Tube:
15.2.2.8 Hydrostatic test pressure and test results, when
15.2.1.1 ASTM material designation.
specified.
15.2.1.2 Welded or seamless.
15.2.2.9 Stress relief annealed, when specified.
15.2.1.3 Alloy grade and UNS designation.
15.2.2.10 Results of any other checks or testing required by
15.2.1.4 Tube dimensions (outside diameter and wall thick-
the customer purchase order.
ness).
15.2.1.5 Heat number. 16. Packaging and Package Marking
15.2.1.6 Heat analysis. 16.1 The tube shall be packaged in accordance with the
15.2.1.7 Product analysis, when specified. manufacturer’s standard practice, unless otherwise agreed
15.2.1.8 Tensile properties. upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser and so stated
15.2.1.9 Flattening test acceptable. in the purchase order.
15.2.1.10 Reverse flattening test acceptable. 16.2 Each shipping unit shall be legibly marked with the
15.2.1.11 Flaring test acceptable. name of the supplier, name of the customer, ship to address,
15.2.1.12 Flange test acceptable. purchase order number, alloy designation, size or part number,
15.2.1.13 Hardness test values. tube length and number of pieces.
15.2.1.14 Hydrostatic or pneumatic test pressure and test
results. 17. Keywords
15.2.1.15 Non-destructive electric test method and test re- 17.1 alloy steel tube; austenitic stainless steel; carbon steel
sults. tube; condenser tube; duplex stainless steel; feedwater heater
15.2.1.16 Impact test results. tubes; ferritic/austenitic stainless steel; ferritic stainless steel;
15.2.1.17 Other test results or information required to be heat exchanger tube; high temperature applications; seamless
reported by the product specification. steel tube; stainless steel tube; steel tube; superheater tube;
15.2.1.18 Test results or information required to be reported temperature service applications—high; welded steel tube

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

This section identifies the location of changes to this specification that have been incorporated since the last
issue, A 1012-00.

(1) Replaced Specification A 450/A 450M with Specification

A 1016/A 1016M.

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