3.

Functions
1 PJC/2008Promo/8
The functions f and g are defined by
f : x → x 2 (2 − x), x  ,
1
g: x → 2+ , x , x  0 .
x
(i) Find g ( x ) and state its domain.
−1
[2]
(ii) Determine whether the composite function gf exists. [2]
(iii) Solve the equation fg(x) = 1, give your answer to 3 significance figures. [3]

2 SAJC/2008Promo/8
The function f and g are defined by
f : x e− x , x  +
−
g: x 3x2 + 2, x 

(a) Determine, with reason, whether the inverse for f exists.

If f −1 exists, define f −1 in a similar form and state its range.
On the same axes, sketch the graphs of f, f −1 and ff −1 . [5]

(b) Determine, stating reason, whether fg exists. If the function exists, give its
domain, rule and range. [4]

3 NYJC/2013Promo/7
The function f is defined by
1
f : x → x2 − , x  , 1  x  2 .
x
(i) Show, by differentiation, that f is strictly increasing. [2]
(ii) State the range of f. [1]
(iii) Solve the equation f ( x ) = f −1 ( x ) , giving your answer to two decimal places. [2]

The function g is defined by

π
g: x → 1 + sin x, x  , 0  x  .
2
(iv) Only one of the composite functions fg and gf exists. Give a definition (including the
domain) of the composite that exists, and explain why the other composite does not exist.
[3]
(v) For the composite function which exists, state its range. [1]

3. Functions 1
 4 DHS/2009Promo/7
The functions f and g are defined by

f :x tan x + 1, 0 x ,
2
1+ x
g:x , x  0.
x
1
(i) Find the derivative of h( x), where h( x) = . Hence show that h is a one - one function.
f ( x)

[3]
(ii) Find an expression for h −1 ( x) . [1]

(iii) Show that the composite function gf exists. Define gf in similar form and state the
range of gf. [4]

5 JJC/2012Promo/5
x+2
The function f is defined by f : x , for x  , x  1 .
x −1
(i) Find f 2 ( x) and f 2012 ( x) . [3]

The function g is defined by g : x cos x , for 0  x  2 .

(ii) Explain why the composite function fg exists. [2]

(iii) Define fg, giving its domain. [2]

(iv) Find the range of fg. [1]

6 JJC/2010Promo/6
An inverse function is defined by f −1 ( x) = ln( x2 − 1), x  , x  1.

(i) Find f(x) and state the domain of f. [3]

(ii) Explain why ff −1 exists and find ff −1 in a similar form. [2]
(iii) Sketch the graph of y = ff −1 ( x) and state the range of ff −1. [2]

7 HCI/2008Promo/14 [Part ii removed. Out of syllabus]

The functions f and g are defined as follows:
f :x 3 − 2 x − x2 , x  , x  k ,
4− x
g:x e , 0  x  4.
−1
State the largest value of k such that f exists, and find f −1 in a similar form. [4]

(i) Show that the composite function gf does not exist. [1]
(iii) Find the set of values of x such that g–1g(x + 1) = g g–1(x + 1). [3]

3. Functions 2
8 NJC/2010Promo/5
The functions f and g are defined by
1
f:x , − 2  x  −1,
x +1
g : x x 2 − 4 x, x  2 , where  is a real constant.
(i) Find g −1 ( x ) in terms of  , stating the domain of g −1 . [3]
(ii) Determine the set of values of  for which the composite function gf exist . [2]
(iii) Given that  = −1 , find the range of gf. [2]

9 NJC/2013Promo/10
The function f is defined as follows:
f:x ln ( x 2 + 1) , x  .
(i) Without the use of a calculator, find the set of values of x for which the graph of
y = f ( x) is concave upwards. [4]
(ii) Sketch the graph of y = f ( x) . [2]
(iii) The function f has an inverse if its domain is restricted to x  k . State the set of all
possible values of k . [1]

The function g is defined by g : x ln ( x 2 + 1) , x  1.

(iv) Find g - 1 (x) and state the exact domain of g - 1 . [3]

10 RI/2013Promo/14

The function f is defined as follows :

 2 − x, 0  x  2,

f ( x) =  x(2 − x)
 4 , 2  x  4.

(i) Sketch the graph of f and show that the inverse function of f exists. [3]

(ii) Sketch the graph of f −1 on the same diagram as the graph of f, showing clearly their
relationship. State the range of values of x for which f ( x) = f −1 ( x) . [3]
(iii) Solve f ( x ) = 3 .
−1
[2]
3
(iv) Find the exact value of  2
f ( x) dx. Hence, or otherwise, find the exact
2
value of  −
3
4
f −1 ( x) dx . [4]

3. Functions 3
11 DHS/2013MYE/10
The functions f and g are defined as follows:
 x2
 − , − 2  x  0,
f :x  4
 x3 , 0  x  2.


g:x x, − 1  x  0.

(i) Sketch the graph of y = f ( x ) and show that f −1 exists. [3]

(ii) Find f −1 in a similar form. [4]

The function h is a restriction of f to −2  x  0.

(iii) Show that the composite function hg exists. [1]
(iv) Solve gh ( x ) = hg ( x ) , showing your working clearly. [2]

12 MJC/2015Promo/9
The function f is defined by
f :x x2 − 2 x − 1, − 1  x  1.

(i) Define f −1 in a similar form and sketch the graphs of y = f ( x ) and

y = f −1 ( x) on a single diagram, showing clearly the relationship between the
graphs. [6]
The function g is defined by
 9 − 3x, 0  x  3,
g:x 
( x − 3) , 3  x  6,
2

and that g ( x ) = g ( x + 6 ) for all real values of x.

(ii) Sketch the graph of y = g ( x ) for −2  x  8 . [3]
(iii) Give a reason why the composite function gf exists and hence state its range. [2]

3. Functions 4
 13 PJC/2015Promo/7
Functions f and g are defined by
2
f:x − , x  , x  1,
x −1
g: x 1 − 2 x, x  .

(i) Only one of the composite functions fg and gf exists. Give a definition,
domain and range of the composite that exists, and explain why the other
composite does not exist. [4]

A function h is said to be self-inverse if h( x) = h −1 ( x) for all x in the domain of h.

(ii) Show that gf is self-inverse. [3]

14 HCI/2015Promo/5 [Part iii removed. Out of syllabus]

The function f and g are defined by
f :x 2cos x, x   −2π, 2π  ,
2x −1
g:x , x  , x  1.
x −1
(i) Give a reason why f does not have an inverse. [1]
π
(ii) The function f has an inverse if its domain is restricted to  x  b.
2
Find the greatest value of b. Define f −1 in similar form. [3]

3. Functions 5
15 VJC/2013MYE/12
The functions f is defined by
f:x x 2 + 2 x − 3, for x  k.
(i) Explain why f −1 does not exist when k = 1 . [2]
(ii) State the largest value of k such that f −1 exists. [1]

With the value of k found in part (ii),

(iii) define f −1 in a similar form, [4]

−1
(iv) sketch the graphs of y = f(x) and y = f (x) on the same diagram, [2]
(v) write down the equation of the line in which the graph of y = f (x) must be reflected in
order to obtain the graph of y = f −1(x), and hence find the exact solution of the
equation f(x) = f −1(x). [3]

The domain of a function g is x  : 0  x  3 , and its graph passes through the point
(1.2, 1). The graph of y = g(x) is given below. y

(1.2, 1)

x
O 3

In the rest of the question, take k to be 1 in the definition of f.

(vi) Give a reason why fg does not exist. [1]

(vii) The function h is defined by
h : x g( x ), for 1.2  x  3.
Find the range of fh , showing your working clearly. [2]

16 IJC/2017 Promo/Q3
It is given that
 8 x , 0  x 1
f ( x) = 
( 3 − x ) , 1  x  3
3

It is also known that f ( x) = f ( x + 3) for all real values of x.

(i) Evaluate f (−4) + f (22). [2]
(ii) Sketch the graph of y = f(x) for −4  x  7. [3]

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3. Functions 6