Detailed Lesson Plan in Mathematics 9

I. Objectives

At the end of the lesson, students are be able to:

a. Define and explain ratio and proportion, including their different

forms and properties.
b. Solve ratio and proportion problems using different methods, such
as cross multiplication and setting up proportions.
c. Appreciate the importance of ratio and proportion in real-life
situations by engaging in discussions and problem-solving activities.

II. Subject Matter

A. Topic: Ratio and proportion
B. Materials: Printed Materials, Laptop, and PowerPoint Presentation
C. Reference:https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/cooperative-learning-
62463910/62463910
D. Value Focus: Fairness, balance, accuracy, and problem-solving.

Teacher’s Response Student’s response

A. Preliminary Activity
- Prayer
Everyone, please all stand for our “Dear God, Bless our time together
prayer, Krixiamae, please lead the today. Grant use wisdom to
prayer. understand, patience to learn, and
kindness to support one another.
Guide our thoughts and actions as
we study and grow. Amen.”

- Greetings
Good Morning everyone! Good Morning Sir!
How are you today? We’re good Sir,
Are you all ready for our class Yes Sir!
today?

- Checking of Attendance Yes Ma’am!

Class Monitor, please check today’s
attendance and give me the list of
absent students after the class.

B. Review of Previous Lesson

(Students raise their hands)
“Before we move on to our next
topic, what did we tackle in our
previous lesson? Please raise your
hand if you want to answer”
“Last time we discussed about
“Yes Sescar? “ Trapizoids“

“Very good Sescar”

“What is trazpisod again?” Students raise their hands)

 “ A quadtrilatiral that has one pair
of parallel side sir”
“Very good Hillario”

C. Motivational Activity
“Now before we proceed to our next
lesson, let’s have our activity first”

"Guess the Random Number"

Direction:

“Alright, class! We’re going to play a

game. I will give a ball to the first
student in the front row, and while
the music is playing, you must pass
it to the next person. When the
music stops, whoever is holding the
ball will pick a random number from
the bowl. Five numbers have a
question, while the other five are
blank. If you pick a question, you
have 30 seconds to answer, but
some words will be missing, so you
must complete them correctly. If you
pick a blank, you're safe. Let’s start!

“Do you have any clarification about

the activity?”
“No sir”
“If none, then we will start our
activity”

“The song plays, then stops”

“Comparing sir “
“Dollete you got the ball so pick a
random number in the bowl”

“you have picked the number 7, so

the word is C_mp_r_ng, guess the
word”

“very good! Play the song”

“Equality sir”
“The song plays, then stops”

“Ok Cezar. Pick a random number.”

“you have picked the number 3, so

the word is Eq_a_it_, guess the word

“Very good! Continue the song”

 “Shape sir
“The song plays, then stops”

“ Now Sucgang, please pick a

number”

“you have picked the number 3, so

the word is S_ap_, guess the word”

“Very good! Continue the song”

(Students clap their hands)

“Yes sir!”

“Very Good, Students! You did really

great! Give yourselves a round of
applause because you did well”

“How was our activity? Did you

enjoy it?”

“I think we will discuss about Ratio

and proportion Sir”

“Base from our activity, what do you

think is our lesson for today?”

“Very good! Today we will discuss

about Ratio and Proportion”

D. Discussion
And now let’s proceed to our lesson
which is all about Ratio and
proportion.

Ratio is the comparison

between two numbers or
 quantities “We have 2, sir”
For example;

“we have 3, sir”

“We have here an image of an

object. We have a Square and a
triangle, so how many triangles are
there in the image? “

“very good. How about square?”

“Very good, so we can write it in

expression form as 2:3. So this form
is what we called as colon form and
actually we have 4 ways to express “yes sir”
a ratio
One is the colon
Second is 2 ÷ 3 this is the division
form
third is 2 to 3, this is Phrase form (student raises their hands)
2
Lasty Fraction form
3
“Ratio is comparing 2 numbers and
And we are only going to focus later we have 4 ways to express it”
on colon and fraction form”

“understood class?”

So what is ratio again and how many

ways can we express it?

“Yes Ame”

“Very good!”

“Now let us proceed to proportion”

“student raises their hands”
A proportion is a equation that
shows two ratio are equal. It it can
be written as “we get the equation form by
a c making it in ratio sir’’
a:b = c:d or =
b d
“student write the answer on the
board 2:3 = 4:6”

Base on our example in ratio and

the given equation, how can we
make this image in an equation
form?

“Yes zapico”

“Can you write it I the board please”

Very good! We have here an image

that has 2 separated objects. The
left one has 2 triangle and 3 square
and the right side we have 4 triangle
and 6 squares, so we can write it as
By multiplying mean and extreme
2 4 sir
2:3 = 4:6 or =
3 6

We have 2 parts of proportion we

have the means and extremes

“the mean is inside and the extreme

are in outside”

“So how can we know if the equation

is an proportion?”

“Very good!”
”Yes sir”
Multiply the means first 3 x 4 and
the extremes 2 x 6 or then Simply
cross
2 4
multiply it =
3 6 “student raises their hand”

So we have the total of 12. So the

product of the extremes must be
equal to the product of the extreme, The mean is 4 and 7 and the
And equation is proven as a extreme is 3 and 8. And the
proportion. equation is not a proportion.
“Do you understand class?”

Very good!

I have here a proportion 2:4 and 7:8,

can anyone here Identify the means
and extremes and also if it is a
proportion or not ?

“Yes, ms. Sucgang.”

“very good. It is not a proportion

because they are not equal.”

“Now let us proceed to the

properties of the proportion. There
are 5 properties of proportion.”

1. Means-Extremes Property
2. means or extreme switching
property
3. Upside-down Property
4. Denominator Addition Property
5. Denominator Subtraction Property

“None sir”

“student raises their hand”

Does anyone have a question?

Now that I have introduce to you the

ratio and proportion as well as its “x=3 sir”
properties, now let us proceed on
some of its problem-solving
example.

Example 1. Try solving this

x 18
Find the value of x if =
4 24

Can anyone try to solve this?

Yes ms. Andrade

Very good!

So we can find the x by using the

means-extreme property or cross
multiplication
x 18
=
4 24
(x) (24) = (18) (4)
24x = 72
x=3

Example 5
A map is drawn at a scale of 3 cm : 5 “By cross multiplying the equation
km. If two cities on the map are 11 sir”
cm apart, what is the actual distance
(in km) between the two cities?

Solution
Let d be the actual distance between
the two cities. Set up the proportion
that compares the map scale and
the actual measurements:
“The student solved the problem”

3 cm 11cm
=
5 cm d

“So how can we solve the missing

number again?”

“Very good”
“None, ma’am”
So who wants to solve this?
`
Yes, Mr. Bajon.

“very good”

So we can Solve this equation for

d as follows:

We use ratios to compare things

because they help us see how two
3d = 5 × 11
or more values relate to each other.
For example, if two people share
3d = 55 candies in a 2:3 ratio, we know one
person gets more than the other in a
specific way. Proportions help us
solve problems by allowing us to
find missing values when things
 change at the same rate. For
example, if a recipe is for 2 people
“Any question about Ratio and and we need to cook for 4, we can
proportion?”
use proportions to double the
“So if you do not have any question, ingredients correctly.
I prepare questions for you about
our discussion today”

E. Generalization
Why do we use ratios to
compare things? And How can
proportions help us solve
problems in daily life?

“Well done students, Very Good!”

F. Application
“Yes sir”
Direction: I will divide the class into
four groups, and each group will
receive a broken puzzle containing
an image related to our topic. Your
task is to assemble the puzzle as “The student starts to fix the
quickly as possible. Once completed, puzzle”
identify the ratio present in the
image and determine whether it
forms a proportion or not. You will
have five minutes to complete the
puzzle and one minute to present
your answer and explanation. The
first group to finish assembling the “ The ratio of the image that we
puzzle correctly will receive a bonus puzzled is 2:3 and 4: 6 and the
point, and the group with the best mean is 2 and 4 and the extreme
explanation will earn extra points.
are 2 and 6, and the proportion is
true
“Do you understand class?”

“I will distribute to you the puzzle,

after I it you can solve it .

First group Got Triangle and square

 and the first to present

“ The ratio of the image that we

puzzled is 4:4 and 8: 5 and the
mean is 4 and 8 and the extreme
are 4 and 5, and the proportion is
not true”

2nd group Got Male and and and

the 2nd to present

“ The ratio of the image that we

puzzled is 3:4 and 6 : 8 and the
mean is 3 and 6 and the extreme
are 3 and 8, and the proportion is
true”

3rd group Got Orange and

strawberry and the 3nd to present

IV. Evaluation

Direction: Get a ¼ sheet of paper. Write Reyal if the statement is

correct and write Faki if the statement is wrong
 x y
1.if = ,then 5 y=3 x
6 10
x y 3 5
2. .if = ,then =
6 10 x y
x y x 3
3. if = ,then =
6 10 y 5
x y y 3
4. if = ,then =
6 10 x 5
x y
5. if = ,then 5 x +2=3 y+ 1
6 10
2 y x−5 y−5
6. if = ,then = ,
x 5 2 5
x 3 x +5 y +5
7. . if = ,then = ,
2 y 2 5
x y x +2 y+ 5
8. . if = ,then = ,
2 5 2 5
x y x−2 y +5
9. . if = ,then = ,
2 3 2 5
10 y x 6
10. if = , then =
x 6 10 y

Answers

1.reyal 6. fake

2. faki 7. reyal

3.faki 8. reyal

4.reyal 9. fake

5.faki 10. reyal

V. Assignment

Direction: Make a simple and creative work that explains ratio and
proportion. You can choose to draw a poster, or give real-life examples
in a short report. Your work should clearly explain the idea using
examples and be well-organized. It should also be your own work and
show creativity.

You will be graded by the following rubric:

 Criteria Points

Creativity 25%

Presence of Key 25%

Concepts
Originality 25%

Organizations 25%

Total 100%

Prepared by:

Alain Von Fernandez ll