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Here is a complete set of MySQL notes

This document provides a comprehensive overview of MySQL, covering key concepts such as databases, tables, and queries. It includes basic SQL commands for database and table operations, data manipulation, select queries, aggregate functions, joins, constraints, advanced queries, indexes, views, stored procedures, and triggers. The notes serve as a practical guide for users to understand and utilize MySQL effectively.

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hemantmahto658
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5 views

Here is a complete set of MySQL notes

This document provides a comprehensive overview of MySQL, covering key concepts such as databases, tables, and queries. It includes basic SQL commands for database and table operations, data manipulation, select queries, aggregate functions, joins, constraints, advanced queries, indexes, views, stored procedures, and triggers. The notes serve as a practical guide for users to understand and utilize MySQL effectively.

Uploaded by

hemantmahto658
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Here is a complete set of MySQL notes, including explanations, queries, and examples.

MySQL Notes

Introduction

MySQL is a popular relational database management system (RDBMS) that uses Structured Query
Language (SQL) to interact with databases.

Key Concepts:

1. Database: Collection of data organized in tables.

2. Table: Contains rows and columns where data is stored.

3. Query: Instructions given to the database to retrieve or manipulate data.

Basic SQL Commands

1. Database Operations

Create a Database

CREATE DATABASE my_database;

Use a Database

USE my_database;

Show All Databases

SHOW DATABASES;

Delete a Database

DROP DATABASE my_database;

2. Table Operations

Create a Table

CREATE TABLE students (

id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,

name VARCHAR(50),

age INT,

grade CHAR(2)

);

Show All Tables


SHOW TABLES;

View Table Structure

DESCRIBE students;

Modify a Table

 Add a Column:

ALTER TABLE students ADD email VARCHAR(100);

 Delete a Column:

ALTER TABLE students DROP COLUMN email;

Delete a Table

DROP TABLE students;

3. Insert, Update, Delete Data

Insert Data

INSERT INTO students (name, age, grade) VALUES ('Alice', 22, 'A');

Insert Multiple Records

INSERT INTO students (name, age, grade) VALUES

('Bob', 21, 'B'),

('Charlie', 23, 'A');

Update Data

UPDATE students SET grade = 'A+' WHERE name = 'Bob';

Delete Data

DELETE FROM students WHERE name = 'Charlie';

4. Select Queries

Select All Records

SELECT * FROM students;

Select Specific Columns

SELECT name, age FROM students;

Filter Records (WHERE)

SELECT * FROM students WHERE age > 21;

Order Records
SELECT * FROM students ORDER BY age DESC;

Limit Records

SELECT * FROM students LIMIT 2;

5. Aggregate Functions

COUNT

SELECT COUNT(*) FROM students;

SUM

SELECT SUM(age) FROM students;

AVG

SELECT AVG(age) FROM students;

MAX

SELECT MAX(age) FROM students;

MIN

SELECT MIN(age) FROM students;

6. Joins

INNER JOIN

SELECT students.name, courses.course_name

FROM students

INNER JOIN courses ON students.id = courses.student_id;

LEFT JOIN

SELECT students.name, courses.course_name

FROM students

LEFT JOIN courses ON students.id = courses.student_id;

RIGHT JOIN

SELECT students.name, courses.course_name

FROM students

RIGHT JOIN courses ON students.id = courses.student_id;

FULL OUTER JOIN

SELECT students.name, courses.course_name


FROM students

FULL OUTER JOIN courses ON students.id = courses.student_id;

7. Constraints

 Primary Key: Uniquely identifies a row.

 Foreign Key: Links two tables.

 Unique: Ensures all values in a column are unique.

 Not Null: Ensures a column cannot have a null value.

 Default: Provides a default value for a column.

Example:

CREATE TABLE courses (

course_id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,

course_name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,

student_id INT,

FOREIGN KEY (student_id) REFERENCES students(id)

);

8. Advanced Queries

Group By

SELECT grade, COUNT(*) FROM students GROUP BY grade;

Having Clause

SELECT grade, COUNT(*) FROM students GROUP BY grade HAVING COUNT(*) > 1;

Subquery

SELECT name FROM students WHERE age = (SELECT MAX(age) FROM students);

9. Indexes

Create Index

CREATE INDEX idx_name ON students(name);

Drop Index

DROP INDEX idx_name ON students;


10. Views

Create View

CREATE VIEW student_view AS

SELECT name, grade FROM students WHERE grade = 'A';

Use View

SELECT * FROM student_view;

Drop View

DROP VIEW student_view;

11. Stored Procedures

Create Procedure

DELIMITER //

CREATE PROCEDURE GetStudents()

BEGIN

SELECT * FROM students;

END //

DELIMITER ;

Call Procedure

CALL GetStudents();

12. Triggers

Create Trigger

DELIMITER //

CREATE TRIGGER before_student_insert

BEFORE INSERT ON students

FOR EACH ROW

BEGIN

SET NEW.name = UPPER(NEW.name);

END //

DELIMITER ;
This is a comprehensive summary to get started with MySQL. If you need more examples or specific
queries, let me know!

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