AC 1 |-6 4

Case-Study
3
ThnrshoosDPS, CVCand KVS decided to organize afair for collecting money for helping the flood
utims. Thysold)handmade fans, mats and plates fronm recycled material at acost of?25, 2100 and 250
rstivlu,The umbers of articles sold are given belo:
onh

DPS CVC KVS

School/Article
40 25 35
Handmadefans
40 50
50
Mats
30 40
20
Plates
information given above, answer the followingquestions:
Based on the CVC and KVS?
collected by all the schools DPS,
() Whatis the total money interchanged forall the schools, then what is the tota!
fans and plates are
(ü) Ifthe number of hand1made
schools?
money collected by all of three different types of items sold and
(in )
M represent the cost
SO¯IOn (i)Let 1x 3 matrix number of three different types of itemssold, then
3r3matrix Arepresent the
Fans Mats Plates

M=|25 100 50]

DPS CVC KVS

25 35
Fans ’40
40 50
A= Mats ’ 50
30 40
Plates ’ 20
40 25 35

. MxA =[25 100 50150 40 50

x 30
20 30 40
25 +100 x 40 +50 x 50+ 50x
40])
25 x + 100
50x 20 25x 35
=|25 x 40 +100 x 50 +

= [7000 6125 7875] 169

 .. Total money collected by all thethree schools
=7000 +26125 +7875 =21000.
(ii) When hand-made fans and plates are interchanged by all the
three
3 x 3 matrix representing the number of three
then
different types of items by theschoolthrees, schelet
20 30 40|
B=50 40 50
40 25 35
20 30 40
MxB= [25 100 50]|50 40 50
40 25 35

= [25 x 20 + 100× 50 + 50 x40 25 x 30 + 100 x 40 + 50 x 25

25 x 40+ 100 x 50+ 50x5
= [7500 6000 7750]
schools
.. Total money collected by all the three
=7500 + 6000 +7750 =21250.
 Case-St
On
Case-Study Based Questions (Solved) 8 ch
wo

Case-Study 1 Let

Atrust invested some money in twotype of bonds. The first bond pays 10% interest and stomn Ba
pays 12% interest. The trust received 2800 as interest, However, if trust had interchangad noa
bonds, they would have got 100 less as interest.
Let the amount invested in first type and second type of bonds be x and y respectively.
Based on the above information, answer the following questions:
() Write the equations in terms of xand y representing the given information.
Soluti
(i) Write the matrix equation representing the given information.
(iii) Find the amount invested bytrust in first and second bond respectively.
OR
whatist
(iui) lf Ais the matrix formed by coefficients of xand yof the given situation,then
of |adj A|?
Solution (i)As per given information:
10x 12y 2800=5x
= + 6y = 140000
100 100

12x 10y
=2700 6x+ 5y =135000
100 100

Hence, the equations are 5x + 6y = 140000, 6x + 5y = 135000.

140000
(ii) LetA = and B
135000
:. Matrix equation representing the given information is
5 61 140000
6 5 |135000
 = B.
written as AX
can be
system
Given
6/ =25-36 = -11 0 > A-lexists
o)
J6 5/
X=A-B.
uniquesolution
where

system has a
5 -6
given
5

adj.
-61[140000 10000

135000 15000

15000.
second bonds respectively are 10000 and
10000,y = invested in first and
r=
amounts
Hence,
the
I5000. OR

adj A|=
|A|
matrix,
Ais 2 x 2
m) SinceladjA|=-11.
home. Ifthere were
children ofan orphanage more,every one
to
CaseStudy2 decided to donate some moneyHowever, if therewere 16
children
Ishan more.
Or tishirthday, one would havegot
1O
Schildren less, every be y.
got 10 less. distributed by Ishan to each child
zouldhave x and amount
of childrenbe questions:
Let the number information, answer thefollowing information.
thegiven
Basedon theabove terms ofx and y representing
() Write the
equations in
representing thegiven information.
equation Ishan.
(ü) Writethe matrix childrenand amnount donated by
number of then findk.
(m) Find the OR
kA+ 201=0,
A2-
eguation
satisfy the matrix
(ui) lf the coefficient matrix A
information,
'atn (i) As pper the given
5x- 4y = 40
(I-8) (y 10) = y ’ 80
10) =xy-5x + 8y = 80.
’ (r+ 16) (y - -5x + 8y =
40,
Hence, the equation are 5x -44y =
40
5
) The matrix equation is 80
-5
B
written as AX =
(uii) Given system of equations 5 can be
40 |
5 andB=
where A
=-5
0’A-lexists
40-20= 20
|A| =
X=A-B.
solution
»the system has unique
given
A-1 1
adj A = 233
|A|
 1 8 41[401 1640 32
20 5 5 80 20 600 |30
I=32, v=30.
Number of children= 32, amount donated by Ishan =
(32 x30)
25 + 20
OR
- 20 - 32
=960.
(in) A? 45 -52
-25 - 40 20 + 64
.. A-kA+ 201=O 84
45 -52 5k -4k T20
- 65 84 -5k
65 - 5k - 52 + 4k
- 65 + 5k 104 -8k
65-5k =0,-52 + 4k =0, -65 + 5k =0, 104 - 8k = 0
k= 13, k= 13, k = 13, k= 13
’ k=13.
Hence, the value ofk is 13.
Case-Study 3
A
school wantsto award its students for the
award of R6000. Three times the award money values of honesty, regularity and hard work with atotal as'
to 11000. The award money for hard work added to that given for
given for honesty and hard work together honesty amout's
regularity. is double the one gnen f
Based on the above information, answer the
(1) If Rx is awarded to honesty, }y to
following
questions:
regularity andz is awarded to hard work, then iwht s 2
matrix eq1uation representing the above situation?
(ü) What is the value of |adj A|?
(iii) What are the values of x, y, z in this
case?
OR
(üi) What is the value of A(adj A)?
Solution (i) As per the given information,
X +y + Z= 6000
X+ 0y + 3z = 11000
x- 2y +z =0
6000
Matrixequation is1 0 3|| y 11000

6000
(ii) Let A= and B = 11000
| -2 1 0

1 11
|A| =1 0 3 = 1(0 +6) 1(1 -3) + 1(-2 -0) = 6
1 -2 1
 equations can be written as AX = B
system of
Above
JA|=60>A-exists
system of equations has unique solution X= A-lB.
the
given
6 -3 3
(obtain it)
-2
nd;A -
3 -1

adj A.
|A|
6-3 3| 6000 3000 500

0 -2 11000 12000 2000

2 3 -1
|210003500
= 3500
=500, y = 2000, z
OR
6 0 0

A(adj A) =|A|I=6l=0 60
u) 0 0 6

vitamin C. Three
CaseStudy 4
A, 40units of vitamin B and 20 units of vitamin A,
units of vitamin F contains 3 units of
4dict is to contain 30 One unit of Food
F; are available. of vitaminA, 2 units
tupes of foods F, F, and of vitamin C. One unit of FoodF, contains1 unitvitamin A, 3unitsof
unit of
2units of vitamin Band 1 vitamin C. One unit of Food Fa contains 5 units
if vntaminBand 1 unit of
vLamin Band 2 units of vitamin C.
answer thefollowing questions: matrix
based on the above information, units of FoodF, and z units of Food Fs. What is the
units of Food F, y
) If the diet contains x situation?
cquation representing the above of |adj A|?
matrix in above situation, then what is the value
m) fAisthe coefficient
given situation?
m) What are the values of x,y, z in
OR

(ui) What is the value of |A|?

Soson (i) As per the given in information,
3x +y+ 5z = 30
2r +2y + 3z = 40
X+y+2z =20
Matrix equation of the above equations is
3 1 5|| x 30
|2 2 3 40
20
30
|3 15 X
40, then
) Let A
=2 2 3X= and B=
|1 1 2| |20
(Expandby R,)
3 15
5(2- 2)
1A|=|2 2 3= 3(4-3) - 1(4 -3) +
1 1 2
=3-1+0 =2
|adj A| = |A|2=22 =4. 235
(iin) Above system of equations can be written as AX = B
|A|=2 0> A-lexists
the given system of equations has unique solution X= A-lB
1 3 -7
adj A=-1 1

0 -2 4

A-1= 1
(obtan
adj A.
|A|

1
1 3 -7||307
1 15 + 60 -70 5
-1 1 1 40 =-15 + 20 +10
2 15
0 -2 44|| 20 0- 40 + 40 0
’ X=5, y= 15, z=0
OR
(ii) AA-1 =| |AA-1|= |I| |A| |A-1|=1
1 1
’ |A-|=
|A| ’ |A-|= 2
 square
matrix of order 3and |A| =5,then the value of |2A'| is
isa (b) 10 (c) -40 (d) 40 (CBSE 2020)
23. IfA
(a)-10
3such that A² = 3A, then the value of | A|is
non-singular Square matrix( of order
(d) 27 (CBSE 2020)
24. IfAisa (b) 3 (c) 9
(a) -3
matrix offorder 3such that A(adj A) =
101, then adj A| is equal to
square (d) 101 (CBSE 2020)
IfAis a (b) 10 (c) 100
(a) 1
3 matrixsuch that |A|
=8,then3A| equals
26. IfA isa 3 x
(c) 72 (d) 216 (CBSE 2020)
(b) 24
(a) 8
T1 -1 2
then the value of
cofactor of element p,; of thematrix P=l0 2 -3
7 lfC:denotes the 3 2 4|
Cg. Czg is (d) -5 (CBSE 2021)
(c) -24
(b) 24 consistent and independent
(a) 5
ky = 5,3x +3y =5 will be
25. The svstem of linear equations : 5x +
if (c) k=5 (d) k5
(a) kz-3 (b) k=-5 (CBSE 2021)

order 3 and A|=-5, then adj A| is

29. If Ais a square matrix of (c) 25
(d) +25 (CBSE 2021)
(a) 125 (b) -25

LJA|=125, then the value of ais

a. -21
30. 1f for the matrix A =
-2
(d) 1 (CBSE 2021)
(c) +1
(a) +3 (b) -3
x 2 3
ofthe other two roots is
31. If x= -4 is a root of1 1 =0, then the sum
3 2 x (CBSE 2021)
(c) 2 (d) 5
(a) 4 (b) -3
|2 00
X =0 3 0 is
52. The inverse of the matrix
|0 0 4

) 0 |2 0 0
2 ) 3 0 () 0 0
(c)
(b) 24
(a) 24| 0 |0 0 4
3
24|0 0 1 00
00 4 (CBSE 2021)
collinear, thenris
3), Q0, x) and R(r +3, X+6) are
x+ (CBSE 2021)
33. Three points P(2x, () 3 (d) 1
(a) 0
(b) 2 / + yl, then the value of x + yis
matrix A, A-3A +I= 0 and|A=A
34. If for a square (c) 3 (d) -3 (CBSE 2023)
(b) 2
(a) -2 |4A-|equals
is a 2 x 2 matrix, then
35. If |A|=2, where A 1
(b) 2 (c) 8 (d) (CBSE 2023)
32
(a) 4
 36. If (a, b), (c, d) and (c, f) are the vertices of AABC and A
denotes the area of
b d f is equalto
|1 1 1
(a) 242 (0) 442 (c) 2A
(d) 44
37. If
1
where Ais a 3 x 3 matrix, then the value of k is
(CBSE 2123,
1
(a) (b) 8 (c) 2 (4)
1 2 1]
(CBSE 2123,
36. If 2 3 1 is non-singular matrix and a e
A, then the set A is
3 a 1

(a) R (b) {0} (c) (4} (d) R- (4}

39. 1f | A| =|kA|, where Ais a square (CBSE 2023
matrix of order 2, then sum of all possible values of kis
(a) 1 (b) -1 (c) 2 (d) 0 (CBSE 2023)
40. Let Abe a skew-symmetric matriof order 3.
If |A| =x, then (2023)¥ is
1
(a) 2023 (b) 2023 (c) (2023)2 (d) 1

x+y y +2 z t x
41. The value of 0s
1

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) X+y+z (d) 2(r+y+)

(CBSE2023)

42. If A.adj A) =0 3 0then the value of |A| +|adjA| is equal to

0 0 3
(a) 12 (b) 9 () 3 (CBSE2023)
(d) 27
2
43. If is asingular matrix, then the product of all
3 X-1 possible values of x is
(a) 6 (b) -6 (c) 0 (CBSE2023)
(d) 7
44. If for a square matrix A, A-A +l=0, then A!equals
(a) A (b) A+I (c) I-A 2023)
(d) A-I (CBSE
Answers
 20. (c) 21. (b) 22. (d) 23. (d) 24. (d)
19. ()
26. (d) 27. (a) 28. (d) 29. (c) 30. (a)
25. (0)
32. (d) 33. (d) 34. (6) 35. (c) 36. (b)
31. (a)
37. () 38. (d) 39. (d) 40. (d) 41. (a) 42. (a)
43. (b) 44. (c)

Assertion-Reason Type Questions (Solved)

two Statements.
Thesc tuc of qucstions consist of
Statement liscalled Assertion (A) and Statement Il is called Reason (R). Read the given Statements carefully
and choosc the correct answer from the four options given below:
(a) Both the Statements are true and Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement I.
() Both the Statenents are true and Statement IIis not the correct explanation of Statement I.
(c) Statement I is true,Statement II is false.
(d) Statenment I is false, Statement II is true.
1 Let A be a non-singular matrix of order 2.
Statement I: adi (adj A) = A
Statement II: |adj A| = |A|.
2. Let A
and Bbe two square matrices of order 2.
Statement I: A (adj A) = |A|1,
Statement Il: adj (AB) =(adj A) (adj B).
(1 0
3. Suppose A = and B =
|0 -1
LtXbea 2 x2 matrix Such that X'AX = B.
Statement I: X is non-singular and det (X) = t2
Statement Il: %is singular.
order such that AB is invertible.
4. SupposeA, Band Care three square matrices of the same
Statement 1: IfAB= AC, then B= C
Statement Il: Ais invertible.

|3A| =27|A|
5. Statement I: IfA=0 1 2,then
|0 0 4
order n, then |kA|=k" |A|.
Statement II: IfA is a square matrix of
Statenent I. Ifa, b, care in A.P, tWen the system of vquations
6. ...()
X+ 2y + 3z = a
...()
2x + 3y + 4z = b
...üi)
3x + 4y +5z = C
is consistent consistent.
system of equationsAX = Bis
Solutions to Assertion-Reason Type Questions

1. LetA - > adj A

adj (ad A) =A

Statement Iis true.

Also, | adj A| = ad - bc= |A|
Statement Ilis true.
Hence, Statement I is true, Statement II is true
of Statenment I.
but Statement II is not the
.Option (b) is the correct answer.
correct explanati
2. For asquare matrix A
A(adj A) = |A| I
:. Statement I is true.
Also, if Aand Bare square
mnatrices of same order, then adË (AB) =adË (B) adi (A).
Statement II is false.
.. Option (c) is the correct answer.
3. Let X=0’X'AX =0 ’
B=0, which is wrong
X+0
(: B=0
Let |X| =k, then |X'|=k
..
|XAX| = |B|
|X||A| |X| = |B| (: |A|=-land |B|=
k.(-1).k= -4 k2 =4’k= +2
:. det (X) = 12
:.Statermnent Iis true.
As det (X) 0= Xis non-singular.
.:.Statement II is false.
. Option (c) is the correct answer.
4. Given AB is invertible => |AB| 0
|A|.|B| 0> |A| 0
Ais invertible.
Now, AB = AC (: JA|z0>A-levisO
Pre-multiplying by A, we get
A- (AB)=A (AC)
(A-'A) B =(A-'A)C’ IB= IC texplanatin
B=C correct
the
both are true and Statement Il is
Hence, Statement I and Statement II
of Statement I.
Option (a) is the correct answer.
 ifA matrix of order n, then |kA| =k"|A|.
Weknowthat is square
5
Statement llis true.
|1 0 1|
1 2 (Expand by C)
Given A=0
0 0 4

IA|=1(4 - 0) ’ |A|=4
30 3
Now,3A= 0 3 6 (Expand by C)
0 0 12
|3A| =3(36 0) > |3A|= 108
13A|=27x4’ |3A| =27| A|
Statement I is true.
Statement II is the correct explanation of
Hence. both Statements I and II are true and
Statement I.

..Option (a) is the correct answer.

equations can be written as AX= B,
6. The given system of
1 2 3
4,X=y,B=|b
where A=2 3
3 4 5|
|1 2 3 (Expand by R)
|A| =2 3 4
3 4 5
= 1(15 -16) 2(10 -12) +3(8-9)
=-1+4-3=0

2 -1] -1 2-1 (obtain it)

-1
2 -4 2 2 -4 2
adj A =
-1 2 -1| -1 2 -1

-a+ 2 -c
[-1 (:: 2h = a + c)
20 - 4b + 2c 0
(adj A) (B) = 2 -4
-1+ 2b-c
-1

consistent.
(olvensystem of equations is
Statement I is true, unique solutiongiven by
|A| 0, then the system of equations AX =B has a
AIso, if
X-A B’systemn is consistent
explanation of
. Statement I| is true.
are true but Statement Ilis not the correct
and Il
ence, both Statements I
Statement I.
..Option (b) is the correct answer.

Determinants 231