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(0610) 17.1 variation

Chapter 17 discusses continuous and discontinuous variation, highlighting that continuous variation features a range of phenotypes without distinct categories, exemplified by traits like height and skin color. In contrast, discontinuous variation presents distinct categories with no intermediates, such as blood types and gender. The chapter also covers the causes of variation, including genetic mutations and environmental factors, and emphasizes that variations caused by the environment are not inherited.

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4 views

(0610) 17.1 variation

Chapter 17 discusses continuous and discontinuous variation, highlighting that continuous variation features a range of phenotypes without distinct categories, exemplified by traits like height and skin color. In contrast, discontinuous variation presents distinct categories with no intermediates, such as blood types and gender. The chapter also covers the causes of variation, including genetic mutations and environmental factors, and emphasizes that variations caused by the environment are not inherited.

Uploaded by

princessaay99
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as KEY, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 17 Variation and Selection

17.1
Continuous Variation

Continuous variation is a
variation in which there is
continuous range of phenotypes
between two extremes .

For Ex : Height in humans


Your Task :

Explain why the following Phenotypic


traits are of a continuous variation
and not Discontinous variation ?
Foot length , Number of freckles ,
Skin color
Discontinuous
variation :
Variations where there are distinct
categories of phenotypes ,with no
intermediates
For ex : Blood types
Examples of discontinuous
variations

Male or female

Presence or Absence of melanin (responsible for dark brown


or black pigment )
KEEP IN MIND:
In discontinuous variation there
are no types, its either present or
absent !
Causes of Variation in a
population :
Differences in genotypes ( Blood
group ,height, eye color, skin
color ,hair color)

Difference b/w the environment


of individuals (Food supply ,
space , etc )

NOTE= * Variations caused by


environment is not passed on to
offspring
Continuous VS Discontinuous
Variation :
Genetic mutation and its effects
:
It is Random events which may
cause deletion, insertion,
inversion and substitution in the
genotype.

Can cause change in protein


being made

can cause no harm at all

can cause a protein to be


dysfunctional

can code for another protein .


Causes of Genetic Mutation
Mutation - where a gene may suddenly
change and are the only source of brand-
new characteristics. It happens for no
apparent reason and are random events .

Ionizing radiation like XRAYS ,gamma


radiation, beta radiation, and alpha
radiation which can damage the bases in
DNA molecules ( They increase the
likelihood of genetic mutation ).

Heavy metals and lead may interfere with


the process in which DNA is copied ,thus
daughter cells may get faulty DNA.

Chemicals that may cause mutation are


called mutagens
Variations caused by meiosis
In meiosis, Homologous
Chromosomes Line up and then
separate From one Another so
Gametes contain Different
Combination of Alleles.

Variation caused by random
mating and random fertilization
-Any male and
female in a
population can
potentially mate

-Any sperm cell can


fuse with any egg cell
Watch this video
https://youtu.be/1LywkF8sBtc?si=GsWj8CxsQMge7j4m

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