Introduction to Model United Nations Rules and

Procedures
 General Structure of an MUN Debate

Roll Call
The Chairperson calls out each country, and delegates
respond with "present" or "present and voting" (the
latter indicates they will not abstain during voting).This
step confirms quorum (the minimum number of
delegates required to proceed with the session).

Speakers’ List Debate Voting

The Chair opens a list for delegates •Formal Debate: Delegates deliver •At the end of the debate, delegates
to sign up to speak on the current prepared speeches on the speakers’ vote on resolutions, amendments,
topic. The order of speakers is based list, with fixed speaking time and little and motions. Voting procedures
on this list, and each delegate has a interaction between delegates. differ based on the committee’s
set time to address the committee. rules (e.g., simple majority or two-
Delegates can make motions to add •Informal Debate (Caucuses): The thirds majority).
themselves or others to the debate moves into more fluid forms
speakers' list. where delegates can discuss and
negotiate informally.
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 Types of Debate in MUN
Formal Debate: Moderated Caucus:
•This is the default format of MUN •A motion must be made
sessions. Delegates give speeches to transition from formal
from a list, strictly following the time debate to a moderated
limit set by the committee. caucus.
•This method is useful for presenting
detailed positions and proposals, but •Delegates raise their
lacks the spontaneity of caucuses. placards to speak, and the
Chair calls on them in turn
Unmoderated Caucus: for short speeches (often
•This is a more informal part of the on a focused aspect of the
debate where delegates can freely topic).
move around the room, form alliances,
and collaborate on draft resolutions. •Time limits for the caucus
and individual speeches
•It is often the most productive time are set at the beginning.
for negotiating and writing resolutions.
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Motions in MUN

1.Motion to Open Debate:

1. Officially begins discussion on the selected agenda item. Until this motion is passed, no
debate can begin.
2. Requires: A simple majority to pass.

2.Motion to Set the Speakers’ Time:

1. Sets a time limit for how long each delegate can speak. This is important for managing
time effectively in large committees.
2. Requires: Majority vote.
3. Example: "Motion to set the speakers’ time at 90 seconds.”

3.Motion for a Moderated Caucus:

1. Moves the debate from formal speeches to a faster-paced, interactive discussion.
2. Delegates propose the length and speaking time for the caucus, and the Chair controls
the order of speakers.
3. Example: "Motion for a 15-minute moderated caucus with 30-second speaking time."

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Motions in MUN

4. Motion for an Unmoderated Caucus:

1. Temporarily suspends formal debate so delegates can informally discuss and negotiate.
Commonly used for drafting resolutions.
2. Example: "Motion for a 20-minute unmoderated caucus.”

5. Motion to Close Debate:

1. Ends discussion on the current topic and moves the committee to voting procedures.
2. Requires: A two-thirds majority.

6. Motion to Introduce a Draft Resolution:

1. Used to formally present a draft resolution to the committee for discussion and
potential voting.
2. The draft resolution must have a certain number of sponsors and signatories before
being introduced.

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Points in MUN
1. Point of Personal Privilege:
1. Raised if a delegate’s ability to
participate is impeded (e.g., can’t hear
the speaker, room is too cold).
2. Can interrupt a speaker since it relates
to comfort or the ability to follow the
proceedings.
3. Example: "Point of Personal Privilege:
Could the Chair lower the temperature
in the room?”

2. Point of Order:
1. Raised when a delegate believes that a
rule is being violated or misinterpreted
by the Chair or another delegate.
2. It cannot interrupt a speaker but must
be addressed immediately.
3. Example: "Point of Order: The delegate
exceeded their speaking time limit."
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Points in MUN
3. Point of Parliamentary Inquiry:
1. Used when a delegate is unsure about
the procedural rules or needs
clarification on how to proceed.
2. Example: "Point of Parliamentary
Inquiry: Can we propose multiple
amendments at once?”

4. Point of Information:
1. Allows delegates to ask questions
directly to the speaker, often during a
moderated caucus or after formal
speeches.
2. Example: "Point of Information: Could
the delegate clarify how their proposal
aligns with international law?"

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How the General Plenary Works in MUN
• Purpose of the General Plenary:
• The General Plenary brings together all committees to discuss and vote on key issues or resolutions that affect the entire MUN
conference.
• Presentation of Resolutions:
• Each committee presents the resolutions they have passed during their individual sessions.
• Committee Chairs or designated sponsors introduce the resolution, summarizing its key points and the rationale behind it.
• Delegates from other committees may ask questions or provide comments on the resolution before moving to a vote.
• Motions and Points in Plenary:
• The same points and motions from committee sessions apply, such as moderated caucuses, points of order, and points of
parliamentary inquiry.
• Motion to Divide the Question: Can be used to split the resolution into parts, voting on each section individually.
• Voting Procedure in General Plenary:
• After the presentation and discussion of resolutions, the plenary moves to voting.
• Methods: Placard voting or roll call voting.
• A resolution must pass by majority (or two-thirds majority, depending on the rules) to be adopted by the General Assembly.
 Formal Language and
Decorum
One key aspect of MUN procedure is the use of formal
language and decorum when addressing other delegates
and the chair. This includes referring to oneself in the
third person, addressing other delegates by their country
or committee name, and maintaining a respectful tone at
all times. Failure to adhere to these norms can result in
disciplinary action from the chair.

Details of MUN
Procedure Lobbying and Alliances
Another important detail of MUN procedure is the process
of lobbying and forming alliances with other delegates to
build support for resolutions and amendments. Delegates
must engage in diplomatic negotiations, build consensus,
and strategize effectively to achieve their goals during the
conference. Building strong relationships with other
delegates can greatly enhance a delegate's ability to
influence the outcome of the conference.
 Tips for Success in MUN
Preparation is key
To succeed in Model United Nations, it is important to
thoroughly research your assigned country's stance on
the topics being discussed and familiarize yourself with
the rules of procedure. Additionally, practice public
speaking and negotiation skills to effectively
communicate your country's position and work towards
consensus with other delegates.

Engagement and Diplomacy:

Furthermore, it is crucial to actively participate in debates, engage with other delegates, and be
open to compromise in order to build alliances and reach resolutions. Remember to stay
professional, respectful, and diplomatic at all times, as these qualities are essential in
representing your country effectively.