PHYSICS C: MECHANICS SECTION ‘Time—45 minutes 35 Questions Directions: Each of the questions or incomplete statements below is followed by five suggested answers or completions. Select the one that is best in each case and then fill in the corresponding oval on the answer sheet. ‘Note: To simplify calculations, you may use g = 10m/s* in all problems. (Questions 1-2 ‘Starting from rest, a vehicle accelerates on a straight level road atthe rate of 4.0 m/s? for 5.0, 1. What is the speed of the vehicle at the end of this time interval? (A) 13m/s @®) 10ms (©) 20ms ©) 80ms ©) 100.ms 2. What isthe total distance the vehicle travels. during this time interval? (A) 10m @) 20m © 25m @) 40m ) 50m 3. Allof the following are units of power EXCEPT (A) watts (B) joules per second (©) electron volts per second (D) newton meters per second (©) kilogram meters per second 4, A dart gun is used to fire two rubber darts with different but unknown masses, M, and M,. ‘The gun exerts the same constant force on each dart, but its magnitude F is unknown. The ‘magnitudes ofthe accelerations of both darts, a, and ay, respectively, are measured. Which of the following can be determined from these data? (A) F only (B) M, and M, only (© The ratio of M, and M, only (D) F and the ratio of M, and M, only © F Mand M, GO ON-FO-TWENEXT PAGE, == 115ny Physics C: Mechanics ‘5. An object is thrown vertically upward in a region 6. If air resistance is negligible, the speed of a 2 kg where g is constant and air resistance is sphere that falls from rest through a vertical negligible. Its speed is recorded from the moment displacement of 0.2 m is most nearly itleaves the thrower's hand until it reaches its (A) ims ‘maximum height. Which of the following graphs @ 2m best represents the object's speed v versus 3m time t ? ame we © Sms 7. A person holds a portable fire extinguisher that ejects 1.0 kg of water per second horizontally at ‘speed of 6.0 m/s. What horizontal force in ‘newtons must the person exert on the extinguisher : in order to prevent it from accelerating? 7 (A) ON ® y ®) 6N © 10N ©) 18N ©) 36N 8, A disk is free to rotate about an axis perpendicular + to the disk through its center. If the disk starts from rest and accelerates uniformly at the rate © of 3 radians/s? for 4 s, its angular displacement luring this time is (A) 6 radians @) 12 radians “ (© 18 radians a (D) 24 radians (©) 48 radians Ve Se] 116 ct = GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.Physics C: Mechanics Questions 9-10 ‘A 2 kg mass connected to a spring oscillates on a horizontal, frictionless surface with simple harmonic ‘motion of amplitude 0.4 m. The spring constant is 50N/m. 9. The period of this motion is (A) 0.0448 (B) 0.08e5 (C) O4xs ) 0805 ©) 1.26n5 10. The maximum velocity occurs where the (A) potential energy is a maximum (B) kinetic energy is a minimum (©) displacement from equilibrium is equal to the amplitude of 0.4 meter (©) ncn a pple Ml ® éipeenat fom equtsi qa fap te pe gat 11. A student is asked to determine the mass of Jupiter. Knowing which ofthe following about Jupiter and one of its moons will allow the ‘determination to be made? 1. The time it takes for Jupiter to orbit the Sun TL The time it takes for the moon to orbit Jupiter IDL. The average distance between the moon and Jupiter (A) Lonly (B) only (©) Monly (D) Land © Wand 11712, 13. 118 14, An object of mass m moves with acceleration a down a frictionless incline that makes an angle with the horizontal, as shown above. If NV is the normal force exerted by the plane on the block, ‘A disk sliding on a horizontal surface that has negligible friction collides with a rod that is free to move and rotate on the surface, as shown in the ‘which of the following is correct? top view above. Which of the following quantities must be the same for the disk-rod system before (A) N=mg and after the collision? (B) N=ma I. Linear momentum (© a= mgsing TL. Angular momentum @) a=gsino ~ UL Kinetic energy (©) a= mgcosd (A) Tonly ®) Honly 15. A disc of mass m slides with negligible friction (© Iand I only along a flat surface with a velocity v . The disc (D) Mand Il only strikes a wall head-on and bounces back in the ©) 1.1, and 01 ‘opposite direction with a kinetic energy one- fourth of its initial kinetic energy. What is the final velocity of the disc? (A) 0/4 @) v/2 © -» @) -¥/2 © -r/4 4(8) 12345678 ‘The velocity v of an elevator moving upward between adjacent floors is shown as a function of time 1 in the graph above. At which of the following times is the force exerted by the elevator floor on a passenger the least? (A) Is (B) 3s ©O4s D) 5s ©) 6s GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.(Questions 16-18, ‘The following pairs of equations show how the and y-coordinates of a particle vary with time 1. In the equations, A, B, and @ are nonzero constants. ‘Choose the pair of equations that best answers each of the following ‘A choice may be used ‘once, more than once, Gr not at all. (A) x= Acoser y= Asinat @B) x= Acosat y= 2Acosat © x=At y= Bt © x=Ar yan? © x=At y=BP 16. Which pair of equations can describe the path of a particle moving with zero acceleration? 117, Which pair of equations can describe the path of a particle moving with an acceleration that is perpendicular to the velocity of the particle 1'=0 and remains constant in magnitude and a direction? 18. Which pair of equations can describe the path ofa particle that moves with a constant speed and with a nonzero acceleration that is constant ‘in magnitude? lany part ofthis page fea 19. A skier slides at constant speed down a slope inclined at an angle to the horizontal, as shown above, If air resistance is negligible, the coefficient of friction. 42 between the skis and © sing (@) cose © tang 20, A 2000 kg car, initially at rest, is accelerated along a horizontal roadway at 3 m/s?, What is the average power required to bring the car to ‘final speed of 20 m/s? (A) 6x10 W (B) 2x10°W (© 3x10W (D) 4x 10'w ® 6x10 Ww GOONTOTHENEXTPAGE. 119120 Sas Cemer System Raft d' -—— 1-4 21. A person is standing at one end of a uniform raft of length L that is floating motionless on water, as shown above. The center of mass of the person- raft system is adistance d from the center of the raft. The person then walks to the other end of the raft If friction between the raft and the water is negligible, how far does the raft move relative to the water? L ws @) L 4 OF Od © a Physics C: Mechanics mg 22. The object of mass m shown above is dropped from rest near Earth's surface and experiences a resistive force of magnitude ku, where v is the speed of the object and & is a constant. Which Of the following expressions can be used to find 1 asa function of time 1 ? (Assume that the direction of the gravitational force is postive.) “ f = ®) f ma is [ f2 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.Physics C: Mechanics (Questions 23-24 A solid cylinder of mass m and radius R has a string wound around it. A person holding the string palls it vertically upward, as shown above, such that the cylinder is suspended in midair for a brief time interval At and its center of mass does not move. ‘The tension inthe string is 7, and the rotational inertia ofthe cylinder about its axis is mR. 23. The net force om the cylinder during the time interval Ar is @T B) mg (© T-mgR (D) mgR-T © zr0 24. The linear acceleration of the person's hand during the time interval Az is [Gnaatorand opvng areal] sry put of ts popes tga 25. A figure skater goes into a spin with arms fully extended. Which of the following describes the changes in the rotational kinetic energy and angular momentum of the skater asthe skater’s arms are brought toward the body? Rotational Kinetic Energy Angular Momentum (A) Remains the same Increases (B) Remains the same Remains the same (©) Increases Remains the same (D) Decreases Increases (©) Decreases Remains the same 26. Objects 1 and 2 have the same momentum. pject can have more kinetic energy than object 2 if, compared with object 2, it (A) has more mass (B) has the same mass (© is moving at the same speed (D) is moving slower (©) is moving faster, 27. A'S kg object is propelled from rest at ime += 0 by anet force F that always acts in the same direction. The magnitude of F in newtons is given as a function of rin seconds by F = 0.5t. ‘What isthe speed of the object at ¢ (A) 05 mss @) 08 ms © 20m ©) 40ms © 80ms st GOONTOTHENEXTPAGE. = 121122 Physics C: Mechanics 28. Two balls with masses m and 2m approach each other with equal speeds v on a horizontal frictionless table, as shown in the top view above. Which of the following shows possible velocities of the balls for a time soon after the balls collide? “ i ©) © GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.Physics C: Mechanics 29. A projectile is lamched from level ground with an initial speed vp at an angle @ with the horizontal. If air resistance is negligible, how long will the ‘projectile remain in the air? (A) 2u/8 ®) 2 0050/¢ © woos6/g D) wsind/g ©) 2usind/g 30. One end of a string is fixed. An object attached to the other end moves on a horizontal plane ‘with uniform circular motion of radius R and frequency J. The tension inthe string is F,. If both the radius and frequency are doubled, the tension is (A) ie 1 ® 35 © 2, ©) 4, © 8F, 31. An object of unknown mass is initially at rest and dropped from a height h. It reaches the ground with a velocity 1. The same object is then raised again to the same height h but this time is thrown downward with velocity 1. It now reaches the ‘ground with a new velocity v». How is v, related to 4? A) y= 4/2 B® m=4 © vw, =2y, © »= © y= 4y, 32. Three identical disks are initially at rest on a frictionless, horizontal the surface. Which of the following diagrams ‘shows a possible position of the disks at a later time? (In these diagrams, the triangle is shown in its original position.) «@ ®) @ © e3°@ 7 e ® 123Physics C: Mechanics 33. The figure above represents satellites S, and S, of equal mass orbiting Earth in circles of radii 2R, and 32, respectively, where R, is the radius of Earth. How do the kinetic energy and the angolar ‘Kinetic Energy (A) Less for S, (B) Greater for Sy (© The same for both (D) Less for S, ©) Greater for S, ‘momentum of $, compare with those of S.? ‘Angular Momentum Greater for S Greater for S ‘The same for both Less for S3 Less for S3 GO ON-FOTHE NEXT PAGE.Physics C: Mechanics 34, A car is traveling along a straight, level road when it runs out of gas at time t = 0. From this time on, the net force on the car is a resistive force of ~k, where vis velocity and & is a constant. Which of the following pairs of graphs best represents the speed v and position x of the car as functions of time after 1 = 07 “we? ” / ®) V © @ TT | G0 OW TO THE NEXT PAGE. 125128 35. A block of mass m is placed against the inner wall of a hollow cylinder of radius R that rotates about a vertical axis with a constant angular velocity @ , as shown above. In order for friction to prevent the mass from sliding down the wall, the coefficient of static friction 1 between the ‘mass and the wall must satisfy which of the following inequalities? (A) #2 me @ prt 8 2 e, ary © we «Dy ws o ar B) ps ® us2 STOP END OF MECHANICS SECTION | [Unsorted spying ous of] lary part of ue poe nga Physics C: MechanicsChapter V: Answers to the 2009 AP Physics C: Mechanics Exam '® Section I: Multiple Choice Section I: Multiple Choice OG Soeeccas rte tae ea tardeeia Listed below are the correct answers to the multiple-choice Correctly ; ‘questions, the percent of AP students who answered each * Analyzing Your Students Performance onthe {question correctly by AP score, and the total percent Multiple-Choice Section answering correctly. ‘© Diagnostic Guide for the 2009 AP Physics C: Mechanics Exam 1 Section I: Free Response = Comments from the Chief Reader = Scoring Guidelines, Sample Student Responses, and Commentary Section I Answer Key and Percent Answering Correctly ttem | Correct |_Percont Correct by Score | Total | [item | correct | Percent Correct by Score | Total No. | Answer Percent | | No. | Answar ceceet sa |s | 2 | 1 | correc sa [is {2 | a | correc ce [elela[a[m| « wo] 2 [elelwe/2lwl z || |e] e| | a] ja|sla|selul s ze |e] |el| || 7 a |e [el |as|2|wl «a c {a} eo | | 6 | | 7 aia [se{a[e>m[ nu] 2 ce [s[e|m|er|al| 7 als |} |o| fil « Bta[a[n| «|| 7 Fe Ls B fa] | 6 | oa a] co [m7] e|s| || D 2 || | | 7 a] eB || 0 ||| «| 7 oni aaicl o || 2 || zt s lols |s}alul| ioe aa_| 75 | s6 | 32 | 7 2 [> || 7|7| «| 6 | 76 ule s_| se | 6 | 1 | 63 2 [|e || so ||| wl] | w]e [elslalela| «o sof = |s|w{[n|e|7|] 6] s |e] 2fosl2|6| 2 a | ¢ |e] ss || || a «| > [#[of[slalv| 7 (xa ew neve [arse aa] ral|voa| ante | > |slels|s || oo a |_a [| 2 | 16 [15 | 6 | 2 16 | foo || «| «| 0 aa [> [es | 36 [| m | | 6 wi 2 |s,|wjo}ule| 2 a | 8 [s{sl[slolo| wl a jeofafelufu| 137138 Analyzing Your Students’ Performance on the Multiple-Choice Section IF you give your students the 2009 exam for practice, you may want to analyze the results to find overall strengths and weaknesses in their understanding of AP Physics C: Mechanics. The following diagnostic worksheet will help you do this. You are permitted to photocopy it and Aistribute it to your students for completion. 1. Imeach section, students should insert a check mark for each correct answer, 2. Add together the total number of correct answers for each section. 3. Tocompare the student's number of correct answers for each section with the average number correct for that section, copy the number of correct answers to the “Number Correct” table at the end of the Diagnostic Guide, In addition, under each question, the percent of AP students who answered correctly is shown, so students can analyze their performance on individual questions. This information will be helpful in deciding how students should plan their study time.