‘The independence of the ordering principle from a restricted axiom of choice Hi bie + Geral) ‘The main purpose of this papa eto akaw that the axiom af eholee for at of fnte sta does aot ily he onary theorem, (This problem J been mentioned by Honk (2) ma by Lod (5) ameng ethers) Hlowover, the ordering theorem le independent of tc ssvage scion at chon ( "Damon (8). The conjunction of the folowing boo tomes is con eet wih se hery (Say bald, (0) Not eery at can Be tay ord. (01) Thre i 8 ftion whieh anit to ery serdar et ll ordering of ConouAK The following theovems donot Simply the endening ‘theo (a) There is choice fonction for the ate of ll wsrdirabe ate In pacticlar, for every class (ot) of finite sets thre Ib o elee functions For every cata (st) of coustble ets thee la'8 cholo faye (0) The anion of & weerderable sot of welLoreabe ee 6 wl order, 1a partcalar, the union of comtble set of soustable sets it countable Tes pehaps worth mentioning that as consaenos of there (8), (1) oss "not inply the full axim of aioe. omever, oor root wi ‘Show hat (ID sisted in Mowtowa's moda to (Ee), Taps wat pep forging he pve when Lan rot ostag ont turd pj ta he ounes fale rp ye UE Mad Sic roentatin mnt ie, (The guoine whtbr un sbenger tet coal be obaa Yy ta ot saga mae ow by A Tons Spe,fa pesea icon” ‘The theorem 8) sles to teary which i nsontally tho Berge Cael vet theory exempt that we do not assume the axiom of shee fod Wat we neplace the ordimry axiom of regularity by an alam of equity ith ropect to base aot J (whieh may be taken a et atts &= (6), of). ‘The proc of (8) vill Yo gven in two pars. Tn tho sooo pat, the group theoreti one, we ate going to prove theorem (@). Yor the atom of fh theorem we tae the following aanotaions it @ be 2 permatation group am a tt C. Then, for avery #0; Hee) ie that fabpoap af @ which eons in those perautalona whieh franfam ¢ So al. Xl) isthe subgroup of thoee pormtations which love ¢ otwin fined (Heth enbgroup ot general by Hy and Ty ‘B(O) is tho sot of tho into subsets of ©. ‘omc (6). Thre exits « permalation group Gono denumerale set sting (A) Hele) = Kale for sry 4 B( 0) () Wel), Hole} = Kole 6) fora «6 eB(G, (0) Por ery 4 B(C) dhe are 2,50, wy 8,0 difret from ah the, end 0,2 Kft) uch Bat 2 ono an ts 9 In the fit par norm (8) ig prov wing tho Franke-Mastewki- Specter sntiod (C1) {S) (6)) of interesting Tin some theory 2 et be the theory whichis obtanel in anraming Beside the ations ‘of the seongasiom of choice (cole fnetion fr te nniveseal ls) ‘nd postlating that tho basis st Bia desamerabn. Since the prot of tbarem (6) coal be formalized within, i Ja provable sa 2" that ‘here en permutation gro fon the base ad stein (A) (0. ‘ow let T* he that extension of J" which is obtained fn intodeng 4 special constant @ and an axiom whieh ays eat @ Is permatation BP om raring (A), (8, (©), Then i content provide at Denocamone, jis the (ugar tere) anton ot te ‘lve swith compu fos peain pf Dy HD ‘Se"mbeey of O whit detemiaed by in tbvngniton 4H Hat on ane K(X) p URL HS he esi fan, Fe? 6B) <0 soe ee BT oe ai a Ue a Ud wh «soe te laa ad, ci Ae = B, y= Ge Gyn Mle ey Qe er i niente of ero ri fr rabid ato of se 38 sumer 4, hen for every et 6 eA EC A ad Bo). at te dete by ON) ECM AME (OF isan Bae) Then Mt se (5 a BR, "he iurpvaion in ation of in J ie gren by th following suiplaions: Bie set of 7 ae the caus of Ty he wt of fe the Sante of equ and membership estion ot ae 2 ‘ate as hoe of 7 fe “salon: UEy Sa) aid toe absie 1 provable in raha BU) sh UL) + ny Lo) Ta} Bie, Hin obtained by riviing all Roun vie i to “nual, wel state the alee of beton wien ot ‘Te pra ha the satamats (0) (do bold in oor Inferpeation tr given in cola) angugn Ws on 0 pee "in. {ving to's Tandon ‘root of (Wo are ging to sow tat the Daas at (which 4s the Sat Sn the 3H) am ot be Bode. ln the Motion "yon entering tence acute fees to ow Tat no Sdeing sto B ea Rast estat Hig) 42 or erry Crug raion on Bow, ovary HF contain R() for tome SCHUH, and ect of propery () of the group Inlet tha 1 erdlingrolion oar Wet fvarint eer Ei), “Por the prot of (1) we need some nmin, 9m xcept one {onmay tenn f) teng Provable withost ting the apa properties S10" tac lemons wil be ove wing proper (A) (2) of Shy, sled In Moto od to, ‘et be the lun the meni of Hoh ar theta smant nV (uate cat) eee 9, seOore ADA Analy ce-[eeemV ofp AF) ~All) Notice that every trantvity domain a st Doce the rank of siete act tao he aatcmorplme of Os nota cla, Bat NU) 0" at W be the clan fall yolrodrale sean 28 Srseus le. W isthe Car of al Rewevoreraie Rea). Then Howe. tat D= Cm Pm, PI) bang she power Gua OW. Tah 1 KID) ~6, BRD) and W =D. Proct, K(D}~@ beam of DEO and. K(0)~@. Snes every sloment cf Dit an shine of and se bet of W a roast Set of Mat and theeae an ony we gee BMD, WD, he WUD ie cosoqsnee of HY) =sagan an a Fide» san we iri ee nae oom at eae a Sood mene hes i comme et Bn eee rena nt oan Sern sae, Be uae Ce, Sa re onl Sak $. Wy, 2) an adv ston root, Suppo De) and Ry) f Wy) then obviously WM, 3), Conrenty, if Wy) then 2« W and, ng lms 2, Ka). Haaee Hs|eP for every #C wait thor, becsge of C2 every subot of 2 ia a BR-net, La every vonemnty eb of has 4 Soment th apodt toy, be. Wiss} da sors 4 He) eP splint Xa) — 10) root, 1 Yor every HeP there ik an o4 5) mh that HK) ence Sika 2M a 20,964, Ho¥, gc ten ye. Pe We maya sume th mai eS iat Hai peed) ae Peaeceine pe opto) Roe cgay Re 2 Da oe Lana Dat Re yet, oe Me have to show at gh. tt t= tye am 9) toi hae” Hujek. Hoa of pel 2 eer pesln tap Stor nm me at ged Bose Wa) Ky i'm) tad cy) ladies Oy 9 sound spend aida eet i put H aed root ot (Lat FM, DLE, Y) apeivly xy ha 4 alinton Yh the doa of Rann hao Oe ae et 86 mtn aed aparece So (6) ean kh at ay, PA, 2 or ao A ad A FA Dy fo 8 dae faring pre om rtd aon of hee ‘the idea of the Hoot ith foluwing one: Using the given cholce function #or the waiertal ds, pik fr every # Da pair ye) such that sez ant Wiss) and dave the ast of theao pales with seepect tothe wale aatonorphiam group @. They, Joking st the lemmas wo ‘proved; me gst hole funaton as rogue. "Por The detaled prot we dane! 18 = (ey. wee NARI) AT, A Ha= OnP(e), P= power at, AM Lssea), +o fnetion (ont tnt af) is m0 empty. “Stree condos stated In): We ae gung to prove that (HU) <0 (0) wd ipl # = 69), hr iy) MR) and WE, (0) Bor enary 2 1 nei a 40h ht 9) 4 (8) me and y0) 4 ipa = ‘hon wo got SM(A) Dean a) and (OLA) Recaro) ana), D(a) scan ot () and) Farther (9) 78 tha {Gray pis Wg ‘root of (Tei mint $0 ton at H(A) (a) sd eat Hi) = 0 beens of 1) 6 Proot of (It eed thea ¢er(@ fr some de aod ace = Gra) for ame a9 aging 22D, hi) aad (2). Ra) S comuqaenes of HD) (Lema) root of (0 Lat #¢W. Dy Lemma 1 thre a dD such that seeds beng an lament af O 8 2 empty. Int Gi,29 e() i hoce 2 e)- hen 1 nad aca of de DEC tee Sipe such that gle) ma Bet y= Fly). Then. >= FC), tol noe ma) = Gy got Gra) cy dad Proof of d). Lat Gi, Qy2)ed. at yd eD be auch tint gap eth) aa Gi ide Poon eed @ aa throw = 4 (somene of 0 Since Hed) «tare 4 ge ouch ak B=) wey sed an gy) = By (above we have SR} By) Sea gis) Mace Wigs) he abun, follows Bat oF. Haney Ey Lom, s) eP aad thos Ho)~ X(s) by ama 4 Further soe, briny pn Ko) 9) ence He) = Es), Wha free eH Le Fa) a=,Second Part) {nie setion we prove theorem (G) whieh wa stl nthe into action. The prot sonst cvntally in onstactng a ultable aah (poup ofa toe group and canigering the Tater he petaation gray ‘ting on the lft sseta nodal that exbgron. Durpamox. U8 aid wo be a pure eebgromp of 6, welte U6, if eA implies $44 tor every FG and for every natural namber n° 0, ag DE He re ou gee by Pond 1 88 o Baa, o Us6 (0) on immedate omsaqunc of the tt that tho ttt eae seat yom fae anoint a tng malt a 1h adr tp prove () ow those lowing coon) sta or py (0) Beary Ah A) ht Ay inh a Amy Ay ad ‘at twine GA = Cok Fe fre Ta hen Back (oe ean Hc apis denote edie words ino 9, 1) ante he leg t 4A dts te coestenton ef he ends, Bas te fein 43 iad ht“ ha ade re (6 pe at We Pgh 2 whore 09 = 0-0. We may assis tat 132 uteri coiter Wand Gi ton emp at k= Ge Bing 29. Rey JX atotng (0. Them Wee Po. Poel Ingles 4 Catan WO Pg Pein We pact ar ely ia Wa WW ei ea, eet rey Condon (for oor group, Hats witent, et win 4,4 the seer sues Et ty Wan fr 14 onan pave aod geet Ata be was Rey tot Ae Bey dyn, La lh OT ae tein ae pose hey tennn of 14) we oe I eof {ts faving ttc Bae hy A =H 8, LR. ae empl fe et and st Am dy diffi a oH 18 the word cn 1,79, he ste ai he na ptr we cel npn an RE ary sarc Map gen By Min Vere Don in 7 tephra erg he wot a foley pri from sed eis of cn 97 04 2. Zt G be he jee prose of free ndgroupe By et Sm (8, ew wt of ree gerne of By, Je ly < Buy ‘and Wt Ay yO be mutually aso Fnte mute of Gy wath a (1 wyedoBu and oxy, Ben 2'y Uy, (i) aM Jor every #46. Lat Ube the subgroup of © whch generat by Uy ond te ot MS MOM, where (eines #eBU 6, £=1)2), Tinie 2eL0 0). (a) Wn ,= 4, (0) 156, implies ay, or the proot of thi Ionia 3S convenient to coder the fl- lowing tet Ne F— Mu Me Ne By where N= My Ny My Mya ed dee sed and ye Ay hr ovary y eB), Nem GPa Pedye®, preity ‘ea, under the hypothe of lemma 2, wo bave (e) W de generated by My ond. Proof, 1. MCT NE, lat pao mens, where edu C. Mt sed) then pa (e ede) epee tte eins, whore Foe Me, SMieeTy zinsedy. eed then eltber pe, ot Seyring gine tr nome ye, where yav ei, ging ey and wegeey " PMC hy a, Let, pay*Fus, where aed, ge and ye et Then peeing) eee gems, where 9 yy eM and Enemy . n'the following, «sting se. eas 6 ¢y and ere 820) Is 1d tobe 8 Gerd if eu ah or m4 PL fr 1,2) nu, 8a, Ase opt-in, well and qe, eld to be a Word it pA 9 erage d for G1, 2-2. The Geword yeh oven Ht sald to bo Geopeoayreduced, if) ey # ge" ot ay ray" Analogous the ncton ac eyetealy ra “Tecanae @ isthe free product of (and G, every clament of ‘nas a unique representation a » rend. Moreover Il the fe prod- ‘tof Ig and the mbgroap of © goueated by 2 in the folowing song () fs ate 664 sor and fy yon ae he Gord caresponding 10 Fy Ps epee, hm ander SompoHtOn yp irate ne ooo of am Borgo gam Be eons 1) Reel nt =8 ® ‘hace every gu conan B-symboly, it auflet to prove () in ‘ate af an eon gup. Let a conser Ou (he leat Doring one) the any ene Let 639; pe My. Aare that an S-apmbol can he at Called hen p= y's, Where 2 BO, a y = a mEq where Pecan ye flor very €B. Ou aammption ys aud "G> =, fal bee ede’ et. By dtinion of 3y On grea 24, ha, 2c ‘ecording to hypoth (u) sated in Lamia 9, we got ide ely aad ‘ence see Ue {) yllds B=, which contacts the ypetbae arom. ‘Oey, () an (@) together imply the serio () of Eon 2 notes cosegsnt (2) (6) The 6 word repravning om cloned of Ets B-eyaty edad 1 ad ony i he worepondng enord ep eee ‘haf och word wll be ered fo fin nw on singly ag to been reed ‘or the prof of part () of Temma 2 we consider the following aap ro © into Lt w « be seared bythe G-wurd 2 ‘hen flo) ste element ot G which i obtained by. fet replacing in {re part af th form (Gy By @ (2 1, and thon canceling all nung oreumene of Saymbol. (Noto that two pra of the frm (Gait never do over) (0 4 mapa MC ft yond 209) ~ af(ly for at 2,9 «8, 066 Proof, The teomd asyetion is an inmotiate conequence the detonate fat one roved by Snduetion with seepect fo the Deng ¥ of the Herd D— spin gata: TE R= 0, then Oey 2) 4, > 0, Shan eon, whew = ngs pug oad sumption, #10) «i Tn the simple ea where J} (a) Mp Teoaly have to abow hat fi) etlr But fipled elt pedo Mey And fip)= "doe tye. Mooover, nthe cate pe Fie ek aie to =a to ee 8 a wouthnone amar, 12) #/(wif((@), we hae tho flowing tens fhe 'S-vord 2 — wind? (fn? bing the G-ordh comeeponting fo ‘tu rmectivy) basa pat (En? which iotven th Igepal ening in tn the ft 8-epo!wcxing ia. ence, iopeton of the wt PH gins witvedP VIP, Le mene mae PEAS BSG ee doug tg" a (Ent tpi uy =, be 2 abeee By bapa oe ta, sy and Gt S52 ine on of eri ry one of 16 Bod th oe My trom of sry ind © eae ee in Bu, Paty, tennis of = y and AmB = 0; wo get 360. Sow, Mahar Dinter edema and Dm spongy) tthe ined eearenen of the B-eymbel g* oot not balmy to a gat bul of Idec of eagle fom rr aim lose 38 (oo ovetayping af wih pars). Monee /(2' = mf) Om tbo otter Inn, (2) = Weel fy-)o whlch ges ao ft) wea), Bat ‘Up bygotese fi) of the lemma, we C ipliee «Pa ty ene, Doane OE JD) ethy (0) ey, ae (g) Le Me

se el a) ly and snen(2 Uy we obi BP Sc Pm aOhy = a, Hy nd ae (agpotoss}, we get pel, Gade Proof of (b- We ae ging Wo show thatthe gtr ese saduaos othe pei is treated i () “Hemme Ue Gy a st pe De Fach that pe fur seme n> 0. Choose rel fork that the 1E-word ‘yp ate WER Toprsents tegen eylcally ved (et. (o)) and wtch tat the foiwing Toe (6) Bho e808 ye any 427 for ator yeaa Nt and ye SEU BE for ae ‘Worl how Ut under thew conditions 0 stisies the hypotasis ‘ot (gh Toon (0) el be proved: Wo eonelade «Mt aa hee, ecaae ot ell, peor We tay samune that B> 0, La. 9 My Otberwie we get cet ‘ecunte of My

r meh that — A, By Od) Bacante of Hy Sy (i) $8 sated with yespect to $y to, ‘and i aid with vespect to Sy becauso of Gy §. Hence wo are ia the fest, fee (above) where the sets 7, MP, AP ae in gy and that in 5. ‘That, (a, (Dy () are batik rmpet toes, Proot of (Of, oP eS bwcaate of te deision of Sy, and 4 84 beaause of Lomma 1 (a) and property (a) above. Thanh 4, There ents a permiaton group om a at D eveh that ‘he jllwing condo are sli (A) Kale) He) for ery ¢« ED) () (Exe), He} = Kxee) for all «, € HD). (6) There are uy ejweD, ye, diferent from each the, and ayred nih tht os oe and’ wore, (ote that aertion (0) of his lemma 12 weaker than the core: sponding stron of thoor (@)) ‘Proot, Let, be aa in Lemme 3. Lat D bo the set ofthe lett ‘ote af fahod §, Wo denote the cot ontainisg © by 7. To every ‘yeBcarmesponda the permutation 9" of D which mape 7 onto 52 We have « FEF it ehywes Sines the corespondence yy 6 & homomorphiim, we have fr soy werd Wien 68) (at, a at be the group ofthe Ps ye Mhen F satis (A), (B), (0): Proof of (A). We havo to show that Mle) Hite) fr any ¢«BWD) Now, te B(D) and. peMole, Wen pre eke) for s sultable w> 0 it Gi vel‘Bot surion (A) of Lemma nomsly §

0, Hen pa) ~ a inpion gla) =e Hanes y exe, Wed root of (BD) Given 6,4 « LD), we have to show Hat Kee) Us Hold Let y «Ke ) and thovoe de tach that & =p, ‘Wwe dantia te et othe ent eorremponaing tothe lente fh abs tee F of G by X. Now, poking out oe seprseutativg of each cows ng to obe otto me © ‘nd, we get mtnally dint Hite mbwts A,B, 0 of G week hat es 4U0 and ao BuO, A,B, O,d eats te conditions (), (state in Lena 3, () expres ‘hat trent elonens of Av BC vopremt aitrnt coat: Bor the prot of (i Int we 0. Then Bem ern and swe dye Kalen ¢ Bu) m2 (0) given ede eG By Lanai 3) and teanlation os) ‘hoe woe Ey mate such th 2 «Eye f ee) ad p= det gt ‘Hee, Hee p= nf aty ee) ee oot of (0) Take eR according to Laxune 3 (0) Define @, enh wad ones tf Then eT became, i 8 and t= P cae of Ft) =(aF tbe b. Saco a D> sab and pr: Tob wo gat et Norte ad rs our ak stace 0, 45, i tlone that uy are diferent fons euch thor, aed Proof of Theorem (G) lat F,D bo aé in Temma 4, Take & eaamerble family (CED3}uy of Semorphie roca a, By, whe ‘the 2s are matuly ijl Then we define (0) to bo the weak et 'yrodact of the GE-D)?x Le. OUD. andthe lerneate of @ ‘ce thaw perotation oO wich act om every capone, og an ‘lement of bung tho Wdeuty element of For linet every te Tooling it the constructions we ied, iin laa Tat ie ‘umerbla. The, i i eval seen tat the properties (A) (8) af ‘re cared over to (G, 0) {in oxer to ge (B) on ae cently the fact Wat the camiderod ane produ it the wee el. Moreover, Hotemeat (C) of Tatma Ye taualated into eaten (0) of ther: ram (G). For, it #e(0) then emD,~0 for tome «J. Novy I gy teF, and we, «eB, acoodizg Yo Temnn 4 (0), atl et oy bo ‘how eimenta ot’ @ which eoinide with mx, on D, and which ae he identity on the remaining component Then se Me(o) and soem, Ewan, ade Reterencos {97 A Pesan a esp Pony de Soar oval Fara aon entiae Poti, Jou. Spa. 1 8p 1 ions hipaa of oligos rtrd ano of see 3 fi. ot and © Ryl-Nariswwant, 3 ye main ary or ies ton and aa ato, rH teatoab ir de zg Ss Weirdos om Org rip, To ha 35 (0p a0 8, Te) pSperkar dal dr mph, Zt ah, Lagi wo