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03-Lecture-PF-Generations of Porgraming Languages

The document outlines the five generations of computer programming languages, starting from first generation (machine language) to fifth generation (AI-oriented languages). Each generation is characterized by its complexity, ease of use, and application, with advancements from binary code to high-level languages that resemble human language. Examples of languages from each generation include assembly language, C++, SQL, and Prolog.

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22 views10 pages

03-Lecture-PF-Generations of Porgraming Languages

The document outlines the five generations of computer programming languages, starting from first generation (machine language) to fifth generation (AI-oriented languages). Each generation is characterized by its complexity, ease of use, and application, with advancements from binary code to high-level languages that resemble human language. Examples of languages from each generation include assembly language, C++, SQL, and Prolog.

Uploaded by

huzaifashaikh6510
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Programing Fundamentals

Generations of Computer Language


First Generation Language
• It is also known as binary or machine language.
• These binary languages are mostly based on 0&1.
• These languages are quite difficult to understand.
• To develop a program in first generation language
is complicated task.
• They are machine dependent language.
• They are also known as low level language (lll).
• The programs written on binary language used to executed very fast.
Second Generation Language
• These languages are also belong to the category of low level language.
• Second generation language were also known as assembly language.
• The binary digits o&1 were replaced by some special symbol known as
Mnemonics eg:-sub = -, add=+,div=/,save=save.
• This language is machine independent language.
• Assembly Language is faster than higher level
language
Third Generation Language
• They are also known as high level language (HLL).

• In this the commands written are in simple English language.


• Third generation language were portable.

• As the commands written are in simple language so special


software(compiler) were develop which converts HLL to machine
code

• For example:-C,C++,JAVA,C#
Forth Generation Language
• Fourth-generation programming languages (4GL) were created to enhance
programmer productivity in specific domains such as database querying and
report generation.
The syntax of a fourth-generation language is generally closer to human
language than the syntax from previous generations of programming
languages.
• A single statement in a fourth-generation language can automatically
generate the equivalent of a series of instructions in a third-generation
language, reducing the time it takes to develop an application.
Examples of fourth-generation languages include Structured Query
Language (SQL), LisP, etc……
• SQL Example Code = SELECT * FROM Book WHERE price > 100.00 ORDER
BY title;
Fifth Generation Languages
• languages used for artificial intelligence and neural networks.

The traditional unit of computation is the algorithm, which is


basically a step-by-step procedure for calculating a solution.
• Fifth-generation languages attempt to go beyond the algorithm by
defining the conditions (or properties) for a solution and allowing
the computer to determine the possible solutions that meet the
specified conditions.
• Examples: Prolog, OPS5, and Mercury are examples of fifth-
generation languages.
Example Code in prolog…
Generations of Programing Languages

1st Generation 2nd Generation 3rd Generation 4h Generation 5th Generation

Artificial &
Neural Network
Oriented
Machine Assembly Domain Languages
Language High Level
Language Specific Like
(Binary Language
Like Move, SQL,LisP PROLOG,MERC
Language) C,C++,JAVA
ADD,SUB URY
0,1
Programing Languages

Low Level Languages Mid level High Level

Binary/machine language
Assembly languages e.g. C,C++,JAVA,SQL

• 010100011 (meaning full words like,


Like English
• Directly Executed Move, add, sub)
Very easy
• Very fast Easier then MLL
Machine Independent
• Difficult to understand Machine Dependent
Video Package

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