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Com

et
fzpjk;

i.N
10

la
sa
da

khztu;fSf;fhd ifnaL
Pa

2024-25
w.

Achieved State Level 10th Place in

SSLC Public Examination - March 2024
thH;j;JfSld;.....
ww

jpU. bu. mwptHfd;/ M.A., M.A., B.Ed., M.Phil.,

Kjd;ikf; fy;tp mYtyu;/ tpGg;g[uk; khtl;lk;.

jd;dk;gpf;if + tplhKaw;rp + fod ciHg;g[ = btw;wp

"The Struggle you're in Today will definitely develop the strength you need for Tomorrow.

A. SIVAMOORTHY, Government High School, Perumbakkam, Villupuram District.

Mobile: 9750827997
Kindly Send Me Your Key Answer to Our email id - [email protected]
 Details of the Public Questions which took place in our Maths Material.

GOVT. QUESTION PAPER - MARCH 2024 GOVT. QUESTION PAPER - JUNE 2024
Pub. Mat. Pub. Mat. Pub. Mat. Total Pub. Mat. Pub. Mat. Pub. Mat. Total
Mark Mark Mark Mark Mark Mark
Q.No. P.No. Q.No. P.No. Q.No. P.No. Marks Q.No. P.No. Q.No. P.No. Q.No. P.No. Marks
ww
1 60 - 1 1 15 15 - 1 2 29 17 - 2i 5 8 1 60-10 1 15 15-4 2 29 18 - 6i 5 8
2 60 - 11 1 16 1-1 2 30 20-11M 5 8 2 60-8 1 16 - - 30 3-3 5 6
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3 61 - 5 1 17 22 - 1 2 31 27 - 8 5 8 3 61-6 1 17 24-18 2 31 27 - 5ii 5 8

4 61 - 10 1 18 29 - 2 2 32 33 - 1 5 8 4 62-17 1 18 28-1 2 32 34 - 2 5 8
w.
5 62 - 8 1 19 31 - 12 2 33 36 - 12 5 8 5 63-19 1 19 12-5 2 33 28 - 11 5 8
6 62 - 12 1 20 23 - 2 2 34 39 - 1 5 8 6 63-11 1 20 - - 34 36 - 11 5 6
7 63 - 5 1 21 35 - 2 2 35 44 - 4i 5 8 7 64-3 1 21 31-11 2 35 40 - 3 5 8
Pa
8 63 - 12 1 22 33 - 21 2 36 38 - 11 5 8 8 64-10 1 22 34-24 2 36 45 - 4ii 5 8
3

9 64 - 1 1 23 46 - 3 2 37 41 - 7 5 8 9 65-2 1 23 - - 37 - - 1
10 65 - 7 1 24 - - 38 50 - 4 5 6 10 65-10 1 24 44-1 2 38 - - 3
da
11 - - 25 43 - 6 2 39 - - 2 11 66-3 1 25 49-3 2 39 45 - 3 5 8
12 66 - 15 1 26 51 - 1 2 40 47 - 1 5 8 12 67-9 1 26 51-7 2 40 - - 3
13 1 27 53 - 19 2 41 58 - 16 5 7 13 67-2 1 27 53-17 2 41 54 - 2 5 8
sa
14 67 - 12 28 5 - 2m 2 42 26-4M 5 8 14 28 23-9 2 42 - - 3
43 (a) 69 - 4 8 8 43 (a) 8 - 12 8 8
la 43 (b) 7 - 9 8 8 43 (b) 69 - 5 8 8
44 (a) 68 -12 8 8 44 (a) 13 - 8 8 8
44 (b) 12 - 6 8 8 44 (b) 68 - 4 8 8

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i.N
12 26 97 135 14 22 82 118
Total = 135 Marks
et Total = 118 Marks
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et
i.N
la
sa
da
Pa
w.
ww

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10 Ý‹ õ°Š¹ - èEî‹
6

4. toÉaš jPu;t[: P

1. bfhLf;fg;gl;l Kf;nfhzk; PQR?f;F xj;j P'

gf;f=;fspd; tpfpjk; 3 vd mika[khW xU
5
tobthj;j Kf;nfhzk; tiuat[k;. Q
R' R
(mst[ fhuzp 3 < 1) Q1

et
jPu;t[: 5 Q2
 cjtpg;glk; Q3

bfhLf;fg;gl;l Kf;nfhzk; LMN?d; xj;j

4. 

i.N
4
gf;f=;fspd; tpfpjk; vd mika[khW xU
5
tobthj;j Kf;nfhzk; tiuat[k;.
 4
(mst[ fhuzp < 1). L
5
jPu;t[: L'

la
M
sa N' N
M1
M2
M3
M4
2. bfhLf;fg;gl;l Kf;nfhzk; PQR ?f;F xj;j
7 M5
gf;f=;fspd; tpfpjk; vd mika[khW xU
da
4
tobthj;j Kf;nfhzk; tiuat[k;.
7 bfhLf;fg;gl;l Kf;nfhzk; ABC?apd; xj;j
5. 
(mst[ fhuzp (mst[ fhuzp > 1)
4 6
jPu;t[: gf;f=;fspd; tpfpjk; vd mika[khW xU
5
cjtpg;glk; tobthj;j Kf;nfhzk; tiuat[k;.
6
Pa

(mst[ fhuzp > 1). brg;.20

 5
jPu;t[: A'
w.

C C'
A
B1
B2
ww

B3
B4
B5
bfhLf;fg;gl;l Kf;nfhzk; PQR apd; xj;j
3.  B6
2
gf;f=;fspd; tpfpjk; vd mika[khW xU
3 bfhLf;fg;gl;;l Kf;nfhzk; PQR ?d; xj;j
6. 
tobthj;j Kf;nfhzk; tiuat[k;. 7
2 gf;f=;fspd; tpfpjk; vd;wthW xU
(mst[ fhuzp < 1). 3
3 tobthj;j Kf;nfhzk; tiuat[k;.
(mst[ fhuzp 7 > 1). Mf.22
3
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

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ªñ™ô 蟰‹ ñ£íõ˜èÀ‚è£ù ¬è«ò´

7
jPu;t[: P'

Q
R R'

et
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q5
Q6

i.N
Q7

7. 3 br.kP MuKs;s tl;lk; tiuat[k;.

tl;lj;jpd; nky; P vd;w g[s;spiaf; Fwpj;J
mg;g[s;sp tHpna bjhLnfhL tiuat[k;. 9. 6 br.kP tpl;lKs;s tl;lk; tiue;J
jPu;t[: tl;lj;jpd; ikaj;jpypUe;J, 8 br.kP

la
Muk; r = 3 br.kP vdf; bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. bjhiytpy; P vd;w g[s;spiaf; Fwpf;ft[k;.
 cjtpg;glk; mg;g[s;spapypUe;J PA kw;Wk; PB vd;w
,U bjhLnfhLfs; tiue;J mtw;wpd;
sa ePs=;fis mstpLf.
jPu;t[:  cjtpg;glk;
da
Pa

8. 4 br.kP MuKs;s tl;lk; tiuat[k;.

tl;lj;jpd; kPJs;s L vd;w g[s;sp tHpahf
w.

khw;W tl;lj;Jz;L njw;wj;ijg;

gad;gLj;jp tl;lj;jpw;Fj; bjhLnfhL
tiuat[k;.
bjhLnfhl;od; ePsk; PA = PB = 7.4 br.kP
jPu;t[:
ww

cjtpg;glk; rhpghh;j;jy;:
br=;nfhz Kf;nfhzk; OPA?apy;
PA2 – OA2 = 64 – 9 = 55
PA = 55 = 7.4 br.kP (njhuhakhf)

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10 Ý‹ õ°Š¹ - èEî‹
8
10. P I ikakhff; bfhz;l 3.4 br.kP MuKs;s

P
xU tl;lj;jpw;F R vd;w g[s;spapy;
bjhLnfhL tiuat[k;.

cm

8.6
10 cm
8.6
jPu;t[:  cjtpg;glk;

cm
P

et
A
3.4 br.kP m
m
5c
5c
T' R T

O
P T
3.4 br.kP

i.N
R
rhpghh;j;jy;:
br=;nfhz Kf;nfhzk; OPA ,y;
T' PA2 = OP2 – OA2 = 102 – 52 = 100 – 25 = 75

la
11. 4.5 br.kP MuKs;s tl;lk; tiuat[k;. PA = 75 = 8.6 br.kP (njhuhakhf)
tl;lj;jpd; kPJ VnjDk; xU g[s;spf;F khw;W 13. 4 br.kP MuKs;s tl;lk; tiue;J mjd;
tl;lj;Jz;L njw;wj;jpidg; gad;gLj;jpj; ikaj;jpypUe;J 11 br.kP bjhiytpYs;s

jPu;t[:
sa
bjhLnfhL tiuat[k;.

M
xU g[s;spiaf; Fwpj;J/ mg;g[s;spapypUe;J
tl;lj;jpw;F
tiuat[k;.
,uz;L bjhLnfhLfs;

jPu;t[:  cjtpg;glk;
da
A

.kP
4br
N O 11br.kP
O P
4.5
br

B
.k

T
P

O
Pa

P 4br
L r.k .kP
B 4b A
4br.kP

T'
M
12. 5 br.kP MuKs;s tl;lj;jpd; ikaj;jpypUe;J
11br.kP

kP
10.3

br.

10 br.kP bjhiytpYs;s g[s;spapypUe;J

w.

10.3
br.

tl;lj;jpw;Fj; bjhLnfhLfs; tiuat[k;.

kP

nkYk; bjhLnfhl;od; ePs=;fisf;

fzf;fpLf.  P
brg;.20
jPu;t[:  cjtpg;glk; rhpghh;j;jy;:
ww

A
br=;nfhz Kf;nfhzk; ∆OPA ,y;
AP2 = OP2 – OA2
.kP
3br

O 5br.kP P = 112 – 42 = 121 – 16 = 105

AP = 105 = 10.2 br.kP
 B

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

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9
14. 6 br.kP tpl;lKs;s tl;lk; tiue;J 15. O?it ikakhff; bfhz;l 3.6 br.kP
tl;lj;jpd; ikaj;jpypUe;J 5 br.kP MuKs;s tl;lk; tiuat[k;. tl;lj;jpd;
bjhiytpYs;s xU g[s;spiaf; Fwpf;ft[k;. ikaj;jpypUe;J. 7.2 br.kP bjhiytpYs;s P
mg;g[s;spapypUe;J tl;lj;jpw;Fj; vd;w g[s;spiaf; Fwpj;J mg;g[s;spapypUe;J
bjhLnfhLfs; tiue;J bjhLnfhl;od; tl;lj;jpw;Fj; bjhLnfhLfs; tiuat[k;.
ePs=;fisf; fzf;fpLf. brg;.21 Mf.22 jPu;t[:  cjtpg;glk;
jPu;t[: 

et
cjtpg;glk; A

. kP
A

r
3.6b
7.2br.kP P

. kP
O

3 br
O 5br.kP P

i.N
B
B A

6.2b
P

r . kP
r.k
P

b
3.6
O M 7.2br.kP
P
4c
m

.kP
5 cm
4c

br

la 3.6
B
A

B
3cm
A

sa rhpghh;j;jy;:
O

br=;nfhz Kf;nfhzk; OPA ,y;

PA2 = OP2 – OA2 = 7.22 – 3.62
da
= 51.84 – 12.96 = 38.88
rhpghh;j;jy;:
br=;nfhz Kf;nfhzk; ∆OPA ,y; PA = 38.88 = 6.2 br.kP (njhuhakhf)
AP2 = OP2 – OA2
= 52 – 32 = 25 – 9 = 16
Pa

AP = 16 = 4 br.kP ***
w.
ww

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10 Ý‹ õ°Š¹ - èEî‹
10

3. ïa‰fÙj«
1. th;&pfh btt;ntW mst[fspy; 6 tl;l=;fis tiue;jhs;. ml;ltizapy; cs;sthW/ xt;bthU
tl;lj;jpd; tpl;lj;jpw;Fk; Rw;wstpw;Fkhd xU tiuglk; tiuat[k;. mjidg; gad;gL;j;jp/
tpl;lkhdJ 6 br.kP Mf ,Uf;Fk;nghJ tl;lj;jpd; Rw;wsitf; fhz;f.
tpl;lk; (x) br.kP 1 2 3 4 5
Rw;wst[ (y) br.kP 3.1 6.2 9.3 12.4 15.5

et
jPu;t[: 1. ml;ltiz:
tpl;lk; (x) br.kP 1 2 3 4 5 6
Rw;wst[ (y) br.kP 3.1 6.2 9.3 12.4 15.5 18.6

i.N
2. khWghL:
neh;khWghL
3. rkd;ghL:
y = kx
k = y = 3.1 = 3.1
6.2 9.3 12.4
= = = .... = 3.1

la
x 1 2 3 4
y = 3.1x
4. g[s;spfs;:
(1, 3.1) (2, 6.2) (3, 9.3), (4, 12.4), (5, 15.5),
sa
(6, 18.6)
5. jPh;t[:
 tpl;lkhdJ 6 br.kP Mf ,Uf;Fk;nghJ
tl;lj;jpd; Rw;wst[ = 18.6 br.kP
da
2. xU ngUe;J kzpf;F 50 fp.kP'kzp vd;w rPuhd ntfj;jpy; gazpf;fpwJ. ,j;bjhlh;g[f;fhd J}uk; ?
neuk; tiuglk; tiue;J/ gpd;tUtdtw;iwf; fhz;f.
(i) tpfpjrk khwpypiaf; fhz;f. (ii) 1½ kzp neuj;jpy; gazpf;Fk; J}uk; vt;tst[>
(iii) 300 fp.kP J}uj;ij gazpf;f vt;tst[ neuk; MFk;>
jPu;t[: 1. ml;ltiz:
Pa

gaz neuk; x (epkp?y;) 60 120 180 240 300 360

gaz J}uk; y (fp.kP?y;) 50 100 150 200 250 300
2. khWghL:
 neh;khWghL.
3. rkd;ghL:
w.

y = kx
y 505 100 5
k = == = =
x 606 120 6
5
y = x
6
ww

4. g[s;spfs;: 
(60, 50), (120, 100), (180, 150), (240, 200),
(300, 250), (360, 300)
5. jPh;t[:
5
i) tpfpjrk khwpyp k =
6
ii) 90 epkpl=;fspy; gazpf;Fk;
J}uk; = 75 fp.kP
iii) 300fp.kP J}uj;ij gazpf;f
vLj;Jf;bfhz;l neuk; = 360 epkpl=;fs; = 6 kzp neuk;.

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

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Stage - 1
11
3. xU epWtdkhdJ bjhlf;fj;jpy; 40 ntiyahs;fSld; 150 ehs;fspy; xU ntiyia Kof;fj;
bjhl=;fpaJ. gpwF/ ntiyia tpiuthf Koj;jpl gpd;tUkhW ntiyahs;fis mjpfhpj;jJ.
ntiyahs;fspd; vz;zpf;if (x) 40 50 60 75
ehs;fspd; vz;zpf;if (y) 150 120 100 80
(i) n
 kny bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s jut[fSf;F tiuglk; tiue;J khWghl;od; tifia milahsk; fhz;f.
(ii) t
 iuglj;jpypUe;J/ epWtdkhdJ 120 ntiyahs;fis ntiyf;F mkh;j;j tpUk;gpdhy;/
ntiy Koa vj;jid ehs;fs; MFk; vdf; fhz;f.

et
(iii) ntiyahdJ 30 ehs;fspy; Koa ntz;Lk; vdpy;/ vj;jid ntiyahs;fs; njit>
jPu;t[: 1. ml;ltiz (bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ)
ntiyahs;fspd; vz;zpf;if (x) 30 40 50 60 75 100 120
ehs;fspd; vz;zpf;if (y) 200 150 120 100 80 60 50

i.N
2. khWghL: 
vjph;khWghL
3. rkd;ghL:
xy = k
xy = 40 × 150 = 6000

la
xy = 6000
4. g[s;spfs;:
(30, 200), (40, 150), (50, 120), (60, 100),
(75, 80), (100, 60), (120, 50)
sa
5. jPh;t[:
i. khWghl;od; tif = vjph;khWghL
ii.  tiuglj;jpypUe;J/ epWtdkhdJ 120
ntiyahs;fis ntiyf;F mku;j;j
tpUk;gpdhy;/ ntiy Koa MFk;
da
ehs;fs; = 50 ehs;fs;
iii. tiuglj;jpypUe;J/ ntiyahdJ 200
ehs;fspy; Koa ntz;Lk; vdpy;/ njitahd ntiyahs;fspd; vz;zpf;if
= 30 ntiyahs;fs;
4. ep&he;jp/ 12 fp.kP J}uj;jpw;fhd khuj;jhd; Xl;lj;jpd; btw;wpahsh; Mthh;. mth; kzpf;F 12 fp.kP
Pa

vd;w rPuhd ntfj;jpy; Xo/ ,yf;fpid 1 kzp neuj;jpy; mile;jhh;. mtiuj; bjhlh;e;J Muhjdh/
bghd;bkhHp/ b$ae;j;/ rj;ah kw;Wk; Rntjh Mfpnahh; Kiwna 6 fp.kP'kzp/ 4 fp.kP'kzp/ 3
fp.kP'kzp kw;Wk; 2 fp.kP'kzp vd;w ntfj;jpy; Xo te;jdh;. mth;fs; me;j J}uj;ij Kiwna 2 kzp/
3 kzp/ 4 kzp/ kw;Wk; 6 kzp neuj;jpy; mile;jdh;. ntfk; ? neuk;/ tiuglk; tiue;J mjidg;
gad;gLj;jp/ kzpf;F 2.4 fp.kP'kzp ntfj;jpy; brd;w bfsrpf; vLj;Jf;bfhz;l neuj;ijf; fhz;f.
jPu;t[: 1. ml;ltiz:
w.

ntfk; (x)
(fp.kP'kzp) 12 6 4 3 2
neuk; y kzp 1 2 3 4 6
2. khWghL:
vjph; khWghL
ww

3. rkd;ghL:
xy = k,
xy = 12 × 1 = 12
xy = 12
4. g[s;spfs;:
(12, 1), (6, 2), (4, 3), (3, 4), (2, 6)
5. jPh;t[:
tiuglj;jpypUe;J kzpf;F 2.4 fp.kP'kzp
ntfj;jpy; bfsrpf; vLj;J bfhz;l neuk; 5 kzp.

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10 Ý‹ õ°Š¹ - èEî‹
12
5. 
xU Jzpf;filahdJ jdJ thof;ifahsh;fSf;F th=;Fk; xt;bthU bghUspd; kPJk; 50%
js;Sgoia mwptpf;fpwJ. Fwpj;j tpiyf;Fk; js;Sgof;Fkhd tiuglk; tiuat[k;. nkYk;/
(i) t
 iuglj;jpypUe;J/ xU thof;ifahsh; ₹ 3250 I js;Sgoahfg; bgw;why; Fwpj;j tpiyiaf;
fhz;f.
(ii) Fwpj;j tpiyahdJ ₹ 2500 vdpy; js;Sgoiaf; fhz;f.
Y
jPu;t[: I. ml;ltiz: 5500

et
Fwpj;j 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 5000 mst[j;jpl;lk;
x-mr;rpy; – 1 br.kP – 1000 myFfs;
bjhif ` (x) y-mr;rpy; – 1 br.kP – 500 myFfs;
4500
js;Sgo ` (y) 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500
4000

i.N
2. khWghL: 3500
neh; khWghL

js;Sgo
3250
3000 (6000, 3000)
3. rkd;ghL:
2500 (5000, 2500)
y = kx,
2000 (4000, 2000)
y 500 1
k = = = 1500
x 1000 2

la
(3000, 1500)
1250
1 1000 (2000, 1000)
y = x
2 500 (1000, 500)
4. g[s;spfs;:
sa O X

2500

6500
X’
(1000, 500), (2000, 1000), (3000, 1500), (4000,

1000

2000
3000

4000

5000

6000

7000
8000

2000), (5000, 2500), (6000, 3000), (7000. 3500) Fwpj;j bjhif
Y’
5.
jPh;t[:
tiuglj;jpypUe;J
da
i)  xU thof;ifahsu; ` 3250 I js;Sgoahfg; bgw;why; Fwpj;j tpiy = ` 6500
ii) Fwpj;j tpiyahdJ ` 2500 vdpy; js;Sgo = ` 1250
6. xy = 24, x, y > 0 vd;w tiuglj;ij tiuat[k;. tiuglj;ijg; gad;gLj;jp/
(i) x = 3 vdpy; y If; fhz;f kw;Wk; (ii) y = 6 vdpy; x–If; fhz;f.
jPu;t[: 1. ml;ltiz: Y
Pa

mst[j;jpl;lk;
28 x-mr;rpy; – 1 br.kP – 2 myFfs;
x 12 8 6 4 3 2 y-mr;rpy; – 1 br.kP – 2 myFfs;

y 2 3 4 6 8 12 26

24 (1, 24)
2. khWghL:
22
 vjph;khWghL
w.

20
3. rkd;ghL:
18
xy = k
16
xy = 12 × 2 = 24
xy = 24 14
ww

12 (2, 12)
4. g[s;spfs;:
10
(12, 2), (8, 3), (6, 4), (4, 6), (3, 8),
(2, 12) 8 (3, 8)

6 (4, 6)
5.
jPh;t[: (6, 4)
tiuglj;jpypUe;J 4 (8, 3)
(12, 2)
i) x = 3 vdpy;/ y = 8 2 (24, 1)
ii) y = 6 vdpy;/ x = 4
X’ 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 X
Y’
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

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Stage - 1
13
1
7. y = x vd;w nehpa rkd;ghl;od;'rhh;gpd; tiuglk; tiuat[k;. tpfpjrk khwpypia milahsk;
2
fz;L/ mjid tiuglj;Jld; rhpghh;f;f. nkYk; (i) x = 9 vdpy; y If; fhz;f. (ii) y = 7.5 vdpy; x
If; fhz;f.
jPh;t[: 1. ml;ltiz:
x 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
y 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

et
2. khWghL: Y
neh;khWghL 10 mst[j;jpl;lk;
x-mr;rpy; – 1 br.kP – 1 myF
3. rkd;ghL: 9 y-mr;rpy; – 1 br.kP – 1 myF
 y = kx,

i.N
8
y 1 7.5
k = = 7
x 2
1 6
y = x
2 5
4.5
4. g[s;spfs;: 4

la
(2, 1), (4, 2), (6, 3), (8, 4), (10, 5),
3
(10, 5), (12, 6), (14, 7), (16, 8)
5. jPh;t[: 2

tiuglj;jpypUe;J
sa 1
i) x = 9 vdpy;/ y = 4.5
ii) y = 7.5, vdpy; x = 15 X’ O 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 X
Y’
8. 
xU bjhl;oia epug;gj; njitahd
FHha;fspd; vz;zpf;ifa[k; mit vLj;Jf; bfhs;Sk; neuKk; gpd;tUk; ml;ltizapy;
bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
da
FHha;fspd; vz;zpf;if (x) 2 3 6 9
vLj;Jf; bfhs;Sk; neuk; (y) epkpl=;fspy; 45 30 15 10
nkw;fhQk; jut[fSf;F tiuglk; tiue;J/ 46 Y
(i) 5 FHha;fis gad;gLj;jpdhy;/ bjhl;o epuk;g 44
Scale
vLj;Jf; bfhs;sg;gl neuj;ijf; fhz;f. 42 x-axis – 1 cm – 1 units
y-axis – 1 cm – 2 units
Pa

(ii) 9 epkpl=;fspy; bjhl;o epuk;gpdhy;/

40

38
gad;gLj;jg;gl;l FHha;fspd; 36
vz;zpf;ifiaf; fhz;f. 34

jPh;t[: 1. ml;ltiz: 32

30
FHha;fspd; 28

vz;zpf;if (x) 2 3 5 6 9 10
w.

26
fhyk;

vLj;Jf;bfhs;Sk; 24

neuk; (y) epkp?y; 45 30 18 15 10 9 22

20
2. khWghL: vjph;khWghL 18

3. rkd;ghL: 16
ww

xy = k 14

xy = 2 × 45 = 90 12

xy = 90 10

4. g[s;spfs;: 8

(2, 45), (3, 30), (5, 18), (6, 15), (9, 10), (10, 9) 6
4
5. jPh;t[:
i) 5 FHha;fis gad;gLj;jpdhy;/ bjhl;o
2

epuk;g vLj;Jf; bfhs;Sk; fhyk; = 18 X’ O 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 X

Y’ FHha;
epkpl=;fs;.
i) 9 epkpl=;fspy; bjhl;o epuk;gpdhy;/ gad;gLj;jg;gl;l FHha;fspd; vz;zpf;if = 10 FHha;fs;

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14
9. xU gs;spahdJ/ Fwpg;gpl;l rpy nghl;ofSf;F/ ghpRj; bjhifapid vy;yh g=;nfw;ghsh;fSf;Fk;
gpd;tUkhW rkkhf gphpj;J tH=;Ftjhf mwptpf;fpwJ.
g=;nfw;ghsh;fspd; vz;zpf;if (x) 2 4 6 8 10
xt;bthU g=;nfw;ghshpd; bjhif ₹ (y) 180 90 60 45 36
(i) tpfpjrk khwpypiaf; fhz;f.
(ii) n
 kw;fhQk; jut[fSf;F tiuglk; tiue;J/ 12 g=;nfw;ghsh;fs; g=;bfL;j;Jf; bfhz;lhy;
xt;bthU g=;nfw;ghsUk; bgWk; ghpRj; bjhif vt;tst[ vd;gijf; fhz;f.

et
jPh;t[: 1. ml;ltiz:
190 mst[j;jpl;lk;
g=;nfw;ghsh;fspd; x-mr;rpy; 1 br.kP = 1 myF

2 4 6 8 10 12 180 y-mr;rpy; 1 br.kP = 10 myFfs;

vz;zpf;if (x) 170

xt;bthU g=;nfw;gh
180 90 60 45 36 30 160

i.N
shpd; bjhif ` (y) 150

2. khWghL: 140

xt;bthU g=;nfw;ghshpd; bjhif

130
vjph;khWghL 120
3. rkd;ghL: 110

xy = k 100

xy = 2 × 180 = 360 90

la
80
xy = 360 70
4. g[s;spfs;: 60

(2, 180), (4, 90), (6, 60), (8, 45), (10, 36), (12, 30)
sa 50

5 jPh;t[: 40

30
i) tpfpjrk khwpyp k = 360 20

ii) 12 g=;nfw;ghsu;fs; g=;bfLj;Jf; bfhz;lhy;/ 10

xt;bthU g=;nfw;ghsUk; bgWk; gupRj; X’ O 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 X
bjhif ` 30 Y’
da
g=;nfw;ghsh;fspd; vz;zpf;if
10. ngUe;J epiyak; mUnf cs;s ,U rf;fu thfdk;
epWj;Jkplj;jpy; bgwg;gLk; fl;lzj; bjhif gpd;tUkhW:
neuk; (kzpapy;) (x) 4 8 12 24
fl;lzj; bjhif ₹ (y) 60 120 180 360
 bgwg;gLk; fl;lzj; bjhifahdJ thfdk; epWj;jg;gLk; neuj;jpw;F neh; khWghl;oy; cs;sjh
Pa

my;yJ vjph; khWghl;oy; cs;sjh vd Muha;f. bfhLf;fg;gl;l jut[fis tiuglj;jpy; Fwpf;ft[k;.

nkYk;/ (i) epWj;jg;gLk; neuk; 6 kzp vdpy;/ fl;lzj;bjhifiaf; fhz;f. (ii) ₹150 I fl;lzj;
bjhifahfr; brYj;jp ,Ue;jhy;/ epWj;jg;gl;l neuj;jpd; msitf; fhz;f.
jPh;t[: 1. ml;ltiz: Y
)
60

mst[j;jpl;lk;
360
,3

x-mr;rpy; – 1 br.kP – 2 myFfs;

(24

neuk; (kzpapy;) (x)

y-mr;rpy; – 1 br.kP – 20 myFfs;
4 6 8 10 12 24 340
320
fl;lzj; bjhif ` (y) 60 90 120 150 180 360
w.

300

2. khWghL: 280

neh;khWghL MFk;. 260

240
3. rkd;ghL: 220
y = kx
ww

200
bjhif

y 60
)
80

180
k = = = 15
,1
(12

x 4 160
150
y = 15x 140
0)

120
4. g[s;spfs;:
12
(8

100
(4, 60), (6, 90), (8, 120), (10, 150), (12, 180), (24, 320) 80
90

5. jPh;t[: 60
)
60

i) epWj;jg;gLk; neuk; 6 kzp vdpy;/

(4,

40
fl;lzj; bjhif = ` 90. 20
ii) ` 150 I fl;lzj; bjhifahf brYj;jp ,Ue;jhy;/ X
X’
epWj;jg;gl;l neuj;jpd; mst[ = 10 kzp neuk;. Y’
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26
fhyk;

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

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15
= {(1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 5), (1, 7), (2, 2),
1. cwîfS« rh®òfS« (2, 3), (2, 5), (2, 7), (3, 2), (3, 3),
2 kjpg;bgz;fs; (3, 5), (3, 7)}
B × A = {2, 3, 5, 7} × {1, 2, 3}
A × B = {(3, 2), (3, 4), (5, 2), (5, 4)} vdpy;
1. 
= {(2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (3, 1), (3, 2),
A kw;Wk; B?I fhz;f. brg;.20 Mf.22 (3, 3), (5, 1), (5, 2), (5, 3), (7, 1),
jPu;t[: (7, 2), (7, 3)}

et
A × B = {(3, 2), (3, 4), (5, 2), (5, 4)} B × A = {(−2, 3), (−2, 4), (0, 3), (0, 4), (3, 3),
4. 
A = {A × B ?apd; Kjy; Maj;bjhiyt[ (3, 4)} vdpy;/ A kw;Wk; B Mfpatw;iwf;
cWg;g[fspd; fzk;}. vdnt A = {3, 5} fhz;f.

i.N
B = {A × B ?apd; ,uz;lhk; Maj;bjhiyt[ jPu;t[:
cWg;g[fspd; fzk;}. vdnt B = {2, 4} A = {B × A?apd; ,uz;lhtJ
A = {3, 5} kw;Wk; B = {2, 4}
Maj;bjhiyt[ cWg;g[fspd; fzk;}
vdnt/ A = {3, 4}
gpd;tUtdtw;wpw;F A × B, A × A kw;Wk;
2.  B = {B×A?apd; Kjy; Maj; bjhiyt[
B × A If; fhz;f. cWg;g[fspd; fzk;}

la
i) A={2, −2, 3} kw;Wk; B = {1, −4} vdnt/ B = {–2, 0, 3}
ii) A = B = {p, q} iii) A = {m, n}; B = φ vdnt/ A = {3, 4}, B = {–2, 0, 3}
jPu;t[: 5. glj;jpy; fhl;lg;gl;Ls;s (glk;) mk;g[f;Fwp
sa
i) A × B = {2, –2, 3} × {1, –4}
= {(2, 1), (2, –4), (–2, 1), (–2, –4),
(3, 1), (3,–4)}
glkhdJ P kw;Wk; Q fz=;fSf;fhd
cwitf; Fwpf;fpd;wJ. ,e;j cwit

A × A = {2, –2, 3} × {2, –2, 3}

= {(2, 2),(2, –2),(2, 3),(–2, 2),(–2, –2),
da
(–2, 3),(3, 2),(3, –2), (3, 3)}
B × A = {1, –4} × {2, –2, 3}
(i) fz fl;likg;g[ Kiw
= {(1, 2), (1, –2), (1, 3), (–4, 2),
(ii) gl;oay; Kiwfspy; vGJf.
(–4, –2), (–4, 3)}
(iii) R
 ?d; kjpg;gfk; kw;Wk; tPr;rfj;ijf;
ii) A = B = {p, q} fhz;f.
Pa

A×B = {p, q} × {p, q} jPu;t[:

= {(p, p), (p, q), (q, p), (q ,q)} i) R apd; fz fl;likg;g[ Kiw
A×A = {p, q} × p, q} = {(x, y) | y = x – 2, x P, y Q}
= {(p, p), (p, q), (q, p),(q ,q)}
ii) R apd; gl;oay; Kiw
B×A = {p, q} × {p, q}
= {(5, 3), (6, 4), (7, 5)}
= {(p, p), (p, q), (q, p), (q ,q)}
w.

iii) R apd; kjpg;gfk; = {5, 6, 7} kw;Wk;

iii) A = {m, n}, B = φ
R apd; tPr;rfk; = {3, 4, 5}
A × B = {(m, n) × { } = { }
A × A = {(m, n)} × {m, n} 6. X = {1, 2, 3, 4}, Y = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10} kw;Wk;
= {(m, m), (m, n), (n, m), (n, n)} R = {(1, 2), (2, 4), (3, 6), (4, 8)} vdpy;/ R
ww

B × A = { } × {m, n} = { } MdJ xU rhu;g[ vdf; fhl;Lf. nkYk;

mjd; kjpg;gfk;/ Jiz kjpg;gfk; kw;Wk;
A = {1, 2, 3} kw;Wk; B = {x | x vd;gJ 10 ?I
3.  tPr;rfj;ijf; fhz;f.
tplr; rpwpa gfh vz;} vdpy;/ A × B kw;Wk; jPu;t[:
B × A Mfpatw;iwf; fhz;f. nk 22
jPu;t[:
A = {1, 2, 3}, B = {2, 3, 5, 7}
A × B = {1,2,3} × {2,3,5,7}

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10 Ý‹ õ°Š¹ - èEî‹
16
glj;jpy; R Fwpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. 10. f vd;w rhu;g[ f(x) = 3 − 2x vd tiuaWf;fg;
xt;bthU x X?f;Fk;/ xnu xU y Y cWg;g[ gLfpwJ. f(x2) = (f(x))2 vdpy; x If; fhz;f.
kl;Lk; fpilf;fpwJ. jPu;t[:
vdnt X?d; vy;yh cWg;g[fSf;Fk; Y?y; f(x) = 3 – 2x
xnu xU epHy; cU cs;sJ. bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ f(x2) = [f(x)]2
vdnt R?MdJ xU rhu;g[ MFk;. 3 – 2x2 = [3 – 2x]2
kjpg;gfk; X = {1, 2, 3, 4} 3 – 2x2 = 9 + 4x2 – 12x

et
2 2
Jiz kjpg;gfk; Y = { 2, 4, 6, 8, 10} 3 – 2x – 9 – 4x + 12x = 0
tPr;rfk; f ={2, 4, 6, 8} –6 x2 + 12x – 6 = 0 ÷ –6
x2 – 2x + 1 = 0
A = {1, 2, 3, 4, ..., 45} kw;Wk; R vd;w cwt[
7. 

i.N
(x – 1) (x – 1) = 0 x = 1, 1
``A?apd; kPJ/ Xu; vz;zpd; tu;f;fk;~~ vd
tiuaWf;fg;gl;lhy; R ?I A×A?apd; 11. A = {1, 2, 3, 4} kw;Wk; B = N vd;f.
cl;fzkhf vGJf. nkYk; R?f;fhd  nkYk; f : A → B MdJ f(x) = x3 vd
kjpg;gfj;ija[k;/ tPr;rfj;ija[k; fhz;f. tiuaWf;fg;gLfpwJ vdpy;/ (i) f ?apd;
jPu;t[:  brg;.21 tPr;rfj;ijf; fhz;f. (ii) f vt;tif rhu;g[

la
A = {1, 2, 3, …., 45} vdf; fhz;f.
R = {(1, 1), (2, 4), (3, 9), (4, 16), (5, 25), (6, 36)} jPu;t[:
R MdJ (A × A) apd; cl;fzk; vd;gJ A = {1, 2, 3, 4}, B = N
bjspthfpwJ.
sa f : A → B, f(x) = x3
kjpg;gfk; = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} f(1) = (1)3 = 1; f(2) = (2)3 = 8;
tPr;rfk; = {1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36} f(3) = (3)3 = 27; f(4) = (4)3 = 64
i) tPr;rfk; ={1, 8, 27, 64}
R vd;w xU cwt[ {(x, y) / y = x + 3, x {0, 1,
8. 
2, 3, 4, 5}} vdf; bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ ,jd; ii) tPr;rfk; ≠ Jiz kjpg;gfk; vd;gjhy;
da
kjpg;gfj;ija[k; tPr;rfj;ija[k; fz;lwpf. ,J xU cs; rhu;g[ MFk;.
jPu;t[: 5 kjpg;bgz;fs;
x = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5} 1. A = {1, 3, 5}, B = {2, 3} vdpy;
f(x) = y = x +3 (i) A × B kw;Wk; B × A ?I fhz;f.
f(0) = 3; f(1) = 4; f(2) = 5; (ii) A × B = B × A MFkh> ,y;iybadpy;
Pa

f(3) = 6; f(4) = 7; f(5) = 8 Vd;>

R = {(0, 3), (1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6), (4, 7), (5, 8)} (iii) n(A × B) = n(B × A) = n(A) × n(B) vdf;
kjpg;gfk; = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5} fhl;Lf. brg;.21
tPr;rfk; = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} jPu;t[:
bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ: A = {1, 3, 5}, B = {2, 3}
bfhLf;fg;gl;l rhu;g[ f : x → x2 − 5x +
9. 
w.

6, vdpy;/ (i) f(–1) (ii) f(2) Mfpatw;iw i) A × B = {1, 3, 5} ×{2 × 3}

kjpg;gpLf. = {(1, 2), (1, 3), (3, 2), (3, 3), (5, 2), (5, 3)}
jPu;t[:  ---- (1)
,=;F f : x → x2 – 5x + 6 B × A = {2 × 3} × {1, 3, 5}
ww

f(x) = x2 – 5x + 6 = {(2, 1), (2, 3), (2, 5), (3, 1), (3, 3), (3, 5)}
i) f(–1) = (–1)2 – 5(–1) + 6  ---- (2)
= 1+5+6 ii) (1) kw;Wk; (2)?d; @ykhf A × B ≠ B × A
= 12 Vbddpy; (1, 2) ≠ (2, 1) kw;Wk;
(1, 3) ≠ (3, 1)...
ii) f(2) = (2)2 – 5(2) + 6
= 4 –10 + 6 iii) n(A) = 3; n(B) = 2
= 0 (1) kw;Wk; (2)?ypUe;J ehk; fhz;gJ/
n(A × B) = n(B × A) = 6;
n(A) × n(B) = 3 × 2 = 6
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

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17
Mfnt/ n(A × B) = n(B × A) jPu;t[:
= n(A) × n(B) A = {5, 6}, B = {4, 5, 6}, C = {5, 6, 7}
A = {x N | 1 < x < 4}, B = {x W| 0 ≤ x < 2}
2.  LHS:
kw;Wk; C = {x N | x < 3} vd;f. A × A = {5, 6} × {5, 6}
(i) A × (B C) = (A × B) (A × C) = {(5, 5), (5, 6), (6, 5), (6, 6)}  ---- (1)
(ii) A × (B C) = (A × B) (A × C) RHS: (B × B) (C × C)

et
vd;gdtw;iwr; rupghu;f;f. B × B = {4, 5, 6} × {4, 5, 6}
jPu;t[: = {(4, 4), (4, 5), (4, 6), (5, 4), (5, 5),
A = {x N | 1 < x < 4} = {2, 3}, (5, 6), (6, 4), (6, 5), (6, 6)}
B = {x W | 0 ≤ x < 2} = {0, 1}, C × C = {5, 6, 7} × {5, 6, 7}

i.N
C = {x N | x < 3} = {1, 2} = {(5, 5), (5, 6), (5, 7), (6, 5), (6, 6),
i) A × ( B C)=(A × B) (A × C) (6, 7), (7, 5), (7, 6), (7, 7)}
B C = {0, 1} {1, 2} = {0, 1, 2} (B×B) (C×C) = { (5, 5), (5, 6), (6, 5), (6,6)}
A × (B C) = {2, 3} × {0, 1, 2}  ---- (2)
= {(2, 0), (2, 1), (2, 2), (3, 0), (3, 1), (3, 2)} (1) kw;Wk; (2) ypUe;J LHS = RHS.

la
 ---- (1) A={1, 2, 3}, B = {2, 3, 5}, C = {3, 4} kw;Wk;
4. 
A × B = {2, 3} ×{0, 1} D = {1, 3, 5} vdpy; (A C) × (B D) =
= (2, 0), (2, 1), (3, 0), (3, 1)} (A × B) (C × D) vd;gJ cz;ikah vd

sa
A × C = {2, 3} × {1, 2}
= {(2, 1), (2, 2), (3, 1), (3, 2)}
(A×B ) (A×C ) = {(2,0), (2,1), (3, 0), (3,1) }
nrhjpf;ft[k;.
jPu;t[:
A C = {1, 2, 3} {3, 4}
{(2,1), (2, 2), (3, 1), (3, 2)} A C = {3}
= {(2, 0), (2, 1), (2, 2), (3, 0), (3, 1), (3, 2)} B D = {2, 3, 5} {1, 3, 5}
da
 ---- (2) B D = {3, 5}
(1) = (2) (A C) × (B D) = {3} × {3, 5}
A × (B C) = (A × B) (A × C) vd;gJ = {(3, 3), (3, 5)}  ---- (1)
rupghu;f;fg;gl;lJ. A × B = {1, 2, 3} × {2, 3, 5}
= {(1, 2), (1, 3), (1,5), (2, 2), (2, 3),
Pa

ii) A × ( B C) = (A × B) (A × C) (2, 5), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 5)}

B C = {0, 1} {1, 2} = {1} C × D = {3, 4} × {1, 3, 5}
A × (B C ) = {2, 3} ×{1} = {(3, 1), (3, 3), (3, 5), (4, 1), (4, 3), (4, 5)}
= {(2, 1), (3, 1)}  ---- (1) (A × B) (C × D) = {(3, 3), (3, 5)}  ---- (2)
A × B = {2, 3} × {0, 1} (1) kw;Wk; (2) rkk;.
w.

= {(2, 0), (2,1 ), (3, 0), (3, 1)} (A C) × (B D) = (A × B) (C × D)

A × C = {2, 3} × {1, 2} vd;gJ rupghu;f;fg;gl;lJ.
= {(2, 1), (2, 2), (3, 1), (3, 2)}
(A×B) (A×C) = {(2, 0), (2, 1), (3, 0), (3, 1)} A = {x
5.  W | x < 2}, B = {x N | 1 < x ≤ 4}
{(2, 1), (2, 2), (3, 1), (3, 2)} kw;Wk; C = {3, 5} vdpy;/ fPnH bfhLf;fg;
ww

gl;Ls;s rkd;ghLfisr; rupghu;f;f.

= {(2, 1), (3, 1)}  ---- (2)
(i) A × (B C) = (A × B) (A × C)
(1) = (2)
(ii) A × (B C) = (A × B) (A × C) brg;.21
A × (B C) = (A × B) (A × C)
(iii) (A B) × C = (A × C) (B × C)
vd;gJ rupghu;f;fg;gl;lJ.
jPu;t[:
A = {5, 6}, B = {4, 5, 6}, C = {5, 6, 7}, vdpy;
3.  A = {x W / x < 2} A = {0, 1}
A × A = (B × B) (C × C) vdf; fhl;Lf. B = {x N / 1< x ≤ 4}
 Mf.22 B = {2, 3, 4}; C = { 3, 5}

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10 Ý‹ õ°Š¹ - èEî‹
18
i)A × (B C) = (A × B) (A × C). jPu;t[:
B C = {2, 3, 4} { 3, 5} A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
B C = {2, 3, 4, 5} B = {2, 3, 5, 7} C = {2}
A × (B C) = {0, 1} × {2, 3, 4, 5} epqgpf;f ntz;oaJ:
= {(0, 2), (0, 3), (0, 4), (0, 5), (1, 2), i) (A B) × C = (A × C) (B × C)
(1, 3), (1, 4), (1, 5)}  ---- (1)
A B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7} {2, 3, 5, 7}
A × B = {0, 1} × {2, 3, 4}

et
= {2, 3, 5, 7}
= {(0, 2), (0, 3), (0, 4), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4)}
(A B) × C = {2, 3, 5, 7} × {2}
A × C = {0, 1} × {3, 5}
= {(0, 3), (0, 5), (1, 3), (1, 5)} (A B) × C = {(2, 2), (3, 2), (5, 2), (7, 2)}
 ---- (1)
(A × B) (A × C) = {(0, 2), (0, 3), (0, 4),

i.N
(0, 5), (1, 2), (1, 3), A × C = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7} × {2}
(1, 4), (1, 5)}  ---- (2) = {(1, 2), (2, 2), (3, 2), (4, 2), (5, 2),
(1) = (2) vd;gJ rupghu;f;fg;gl;lJ. (6, 2), (7, 2)}
B × C = {2, 3, 5, 7} × {2}
ii) A × (B C) = (A × B) (A × C)
= {(2, 2), (3, 2), (5, 2), (7, 2)}
B C ={2, 3, 4} { 3, 5} = {3}

la
(A × C) (B × C)
A × (B C) = {(0, 3), (1, 3)}  ---- (1)
= {(2, 2), (3, 2), (5, 2), (7, 2)}  ---- (2)
A × B = {0, 1} × {2, 3, 4} (1) kw;Wk; (2) ypUe;J/ LHS = RHS.
= {(0, 2), (0, 3), (0, 4), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4)}
sa
A × C = {0, 1} × {3, 5} ii) A × (B – C) = (A × B) – (A × C)
= {(0, 3), (0, 5), (1, 3), (1, 5)} B – C = {2, 3, 5, 7} – {2} = {3, 5, 7}
(A × B) (A × C) = {(0, 3), (1, 3)}  ---- (2) A × (B – C) = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}×{3, 5, 7}
(1) = (2) vd;gJ rupghu;f;fg;gl;lJ. = {(1, 3), (1, 5), (1, 7), (2, 3), (2, 5),
(2, 7), (3, 3), (3, 5), (3, 7), (4, 3),
da
iii) (A B) × C = (A × C) (B × C)
(4, 5), (4, 7), (5, 3), (5,5), (5,7),
A B = {0, 1} {2, 3, 4}
(6, 3), (6, 5), (6, 7), (7, 3), (7, 5),
= { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4}
(7, 7)}  ---- (1)
(A B) × C = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4} × {3, 5}
A × B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7} × {2, 3, 5, 7}
= {(0, 3), (0, 5), (1, 3), (1, 5), (2, 3), (2, 5),
(3, 3), (3, 5) , (4, 3), (4, 5)} ---- (1) = {(1,2), (1,3), (1,5), (1,7), (2,2), (2,3),
Pa

(2,5), (2,7), (3,2), (3,3), (3,5), (3,7),

A × C = {0, 1} × { 3, 5}
(4,2), (4,3), (4,5), (4,7), (5,2), (5,3),
= {(0, 3), (0, 5), (1, 3), (1, 5)}
(5,5), (5,7), (6,2), (6,3), (6,5),(6,7),
B × C = {2, 3, 4} × {3, 5}
(7,2), (7,3), (7,5), (7,7)}
= {(2, 3), (2, 5), (3, 3), (3, 5), (4, 3), (4,
A × C = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}×{2}
5)}
= {(1,2), (2,2), (3,2), (4,2), (5,2), (6,2),
w.

(A × C) (B × C) = {(0, 3), (0, 5), (1, 3),

(1, 5), (2, 3), (2, 5), (7,2)}
(3, 3), (3, 5), (4, 3), (A × B) – (A × C)
(4, 5)} ---- (2) = {(1,3), (1,5), (1,7), (2,3), (2,5), (2,7), (3,3),
(1) = (2) LHS = RHS (3,5), (3,7), (4,3), (4,5), (4,7), (5,3), (5,5),
ww

(5,7), (6,3), (6,5), (6,7), (7,3), (7,5), (7,7)}

A vd;gJ 8?I tplf; Fiwthd ,ay;
6.   ---- (2)
vz;fspd; fzk;/ B vd;gJ 8?I tplf;
(1) = (2)
Fiwthd gfh vz;fspd; fzk; kw;Wk; C
= vd;gJ ,ul;ilg;gil gfh vz;fspd; A × (B – C) = (A × B) – (A × C)
fzk; vdpy;/ fPH;fz;ltw;iwr; rupghu;f;f. vd;gJ rupghu;f;fg;gl;lJ.
(i) (A B) × C = (A × C) (B × C) brg;.20 A = {3, 4, 7, 8} kw;Wk; B = {1, 7, 10} vdpy; fPH;
7. 
(ii) A×(B −C) = (A×B) − (A×C) nk 22 cs;s fz=;fspy; vit A ypUe;J B?f;F
Md cwitf; Fwpf;fpd;wJ>

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

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19
(i) R1 = {(3, 7), (4, 7), (7, 10), (8, 1)} (i) {(x, y) | x = 2y, x {2,3,4,5}, y {1,2,3,4}
(ii) R2 = {(3, 1), (4, 12)} (ii) {(x, y) | y = x + 3, x, y Mfpait ,ay;
(iii) R3 = {(3, 7), (4, 10), (7, 7), (7, 8), (8, 11), vz;fs; < 10} Mf.22
(8, 7), (8, 10)} jPu;t[:
jPu;t[: (i) {(x, y) | x = 2y, x {2,3,4,5}, y {1,2,3,4}
A × B = {(3, 1), (3, 7), (3, 10), (4, 1), (4, 7), x = 2y
(4, 10), (7, 1), (7, 7), (7, 10), (8, 1), x 2 3

et
(8, 7), (8, 10)} f(x) = ; f(2) = = 1; f(3) = ;
2 2 2
i) R1 A × B vd;gijf; fhzyhk;. vdnt/ 4 5
R1 vd;gJ A ?ypUe;J B ?f;F Md cwt[ f(4) = = 2; f(5) =
2 2
MFk;. 1. mk;g[f;Fwp glk; 2. tiuglk;

i.N
ii) 
,=;F/ (4, 12) R2, Mdhy; (4, 12) A × B.
vdnt R2 MdJ A?ypUe;J B?f;F Md 4
cwt[ ,y;iy. x R y 3
iii) ,=;F/ (7, 8) R3, Mdhy; (7, 8) A × B. 2 1
2 (4, 2)
vdnt/ R3 MdJ A?ypUe;J B?f;F Md 3 2
1 (2, 1)

la
cwt[ ,y;iy. 4 3
A = {1, 2, 3, 7} kw;Wk; B = {3, 0, –1, 7},
8.  5 4  1 2 3 4
gpd;tUtdtw;wpy; vit A ypUe;J B?f;fhd 3. tupir nrho
sa
cwt[fshFk;>
(i) R1 = {(2, 1), (7, 1)} (ii) R2 = {(–1, 1)}
(iii) R3 = {(2, –1), (7, 7), (1, 3)}
{(2, 1), (4, 2)}
(ii) {(x, y) | y = x + 3, x, y Mfpait ,ay; vz;fs;
< 10}
(iv) R4 = {(7, –1), (0, 3), (3, 3), (0, 7)}
jPu;t[:
jPu;t[:
 f(x) = x + 3;
da
A = {1, 2, 3, 7} kw;Wk; B = {3, 0, –1, 7}
 f(1) = 4; f(2) = 5; f(3) = 6; f(4) = 7;
A × B = {1, 2, 3, 7} × {3, 0, –1, 7} f(5) = 8 ; f(6) =9
= {(1, 3), (1, 0), (1, –1), (1, 7), (2, 3),
1. mk;g[f;Fwp glk;: 2.tiuglk;:
(2, 0), (2, –1), (2, 7), (3, 3), (3, 0),
(3, –1), (3, 7), (7, 3), (7, 0), (7, –1), 9 (6, 9)
Pa

(7, 7)}
8 (5, 8)
i) R1 = {(2, 1), (7, 1)}, (2, 1) R1 x R y
1 1 7 (4, 6)
Mdhy; (2, 1) A × B
2 2 6 (3, 6)
R1 xU cwt[ my;y.
3 3 5 (2, 5)
ii) R2 = {(–1, 1)}, (–1, 1) R2
w.

4 4
Mdhy; (–1, 1) A × B 4 (1, 4)
5 5
R2 xU cwt[ my;y. 6 6
3

iii) R3 = {(2, –1), (7, 7), (1, 3)}, R3 A×B 7 7 2

R3 xU cwt[. 8 8 1
ww

iv) R4 = {(7, –1), (0, 3), (3, 3), (0, 7)}, 9 9 0 1
 2 3 4 5 6
(0, 3), (0, 7) R4 vd;gJ A × B y; cWg;g[
my;y. 3. tupir nrho:
R4 xU cwt[ my;y. {(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6),(4, 7), (5, 8), (6, 9)}

9. bfhLf;fg;gl;l cwt[fs; xt;bthd;iwa[k;

(1) mk;g[f;Fwp glk; (2) tiuglk;
(3) gl;oay; Kiwapy; Fwpf;f.

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10 Ý‹ õ°Š¹ - èEî‹
20
10. xU epWtdj;jpy; cjtpahsu;fs; (A), jPu;t[:
vGj;ju;fs; (C), nkyhsu;fs; (M) kw;Wk; A = {1, 2, 3, 4}, B = {2, 5, 8, 11, 14}
epu;thfpfs; (E) Mfpa ehd;F gpupt[fspy;
f(x) = 3x – 1
gzpahsu;fs; cs;sdu;. A, C, M kw;Wk;
E gpupt[ gzpahsu;fSf;F Cjpa=;fs; f(1) = 3(1) – 1 = 3 – 1 = 2;
Kiwna ` 10,000, ` 25,000, ` 50,000 f(2) = 3(2) – 1 = 6 – 1 = 5 f(3) = 3(3) – 1
kw;Wk; ` 1,00,000 MFk;. A1, A2, A3, A4 = 9 – 1 = 8;

et
kw;Wk; A5 Mfpnahu; cjtpahsu;fs; C1, f(4) = 3(4) – 1 = 12 – 1 = 11
C2, C3, C4 Mfpnahu; vGj;ju;fs; M1, M2,
rhu;g[ R = {(1, 2), (2, 5), (3, 8), (4, 11)}
M3 Mfpnahu;fs; nkyhsu;fs; kw;Wk;
i. mk;g[f;Fwp glk;:
E1, E2 Mfpnahu; epu;thfpfs; Mtu;. xRy

i.N
x f y
vd;w cwtpy; x vd;gJ y vd;gtUf;Ff; 1 2
bfhLf;fg;gl;l Cjpak; vdpy; R?vd;w 5
2
cwit/ tupirr; nrhofs; @ykhft[k;
3 8
mk;g[f;Fwp glk; @ykhft[k; Fwpg;gpLf.
4 11
jPu;t[:
14

la
a) tupir nrho:
ii. ml;ltiz:
{ (10000, A1), (10000, A2), (10000, A3),
x 1 2 3 4
(10000, A4), (10000, A5) (25000, C1),
y 2 5 8 11
(25000, C2), (25000, C3), (25000, C4),
sa
(50000, M1), (50000, M2), (50000, M3) iii. tupir nrho:
(100000, E1), (100000, E2) } {(1, 2), (2, 5), (3, 8), (4, 11)}

b) mk;g[f;Fwp glk;: iv. tiuglk;:

y
da
x R
A1 12
(4, 11)
A2 10
10000
A3
8 (3, 8)
A4
A5 6
Pa

(2, 5)
C1 4
C2
25000 2 (1, 2)
C3
C4 0 1 2 3 4
M1
50000 M2 12. f : N ® N vd;w rhu;ghdJ f (x) = 3x + 2,
w.

M3 x N vd tiuaWf;fg;gl;lhy;
(i) 1, 2, 3?apd; epHy; cUf;fisf; fhz;f.
100000 E1
E2 (ii) 29 kw;Wk; 53 ?apd; Kd; cUf;fisf;
fhz;f.
(ii) rhu;gpd; tifiaf; fhz;f.
ww

11. A = {1, 2, 3, 4} kw;Wk; B = {2, 5, 8, 11, 14} jPu;t[:

vd;gd ,U fz=;fs; vd;f. f : A → B vDk; f : N ® N vd;w rhu;ghdJ f(x) = 3x + 2 vd
rhu;g[ f(x) = 3x − 1 vdf; bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. tiuaWf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
,r;rhu;gpidf; bfhz;L brg;.20
i) x = 1 vdpy;/ f(1) = 3(1) + 2 = 5
(i) mk;g[f;Fwp glk;
(ii) ml;ltiz x = 2 vdpy;/ f(2) = 3(2) + 2 = 8
(iii) tupirr; nrhofspd; fzk; x = 3 vdpy;/ f(3) = 3(3) + 2 = 11
(iv) tiuglk; Mfpatw;iwf; Fwpf;f. 1, 2, 3 ?apd; epHy; cUf;fs; Kiwna 5, 8, 11
MFk;.

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

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21
ii) 29?apd; Kd; cU x vdpy;, f(x) = 29. vdnt 14. f : A → B vd;w rhu;ghdJ
3x + 2 = 29; 3x = 27 x = 9. x
 f(x) = − 1 vd tiuaWf;fg;gLfpwJ.
 ,ijg;nghynt/ 53?d; Kd; cU x vdpy;/ 2
f(x) = 53. vdnt/ 3x + 2 = 53 ,=;F/ A = {2, 4, 6, 10, 12}, B = {0, 1, 2, 4, 5, 9}.
3x = 53 – 2 3x = 51 x = 17 Mf ,Uf;Fk;nghJ rhu;g[ f?I gpd;tUk;
 vdnt/ 29 kw;Wk; 53 ?apd; Kd; cUf;fs; Kiwfspy; Fwpf;f.
Kiwna 9 kw;Wk; 17 MFk;. i) tupirr; nrhofspd; fzk;

et
ii) ml;ltiz
iii) N ?apd; btt;ntW cWg;g[fSf;Fj; Jiz iii) mk;g[f;Fwp glk;
kjpg;gfj;jpy; btt;ntW epHy; cUf;fs; iv) tiuglk;
cs;sd.

i.N
jPu;t[:
f MdJ xd;Wf;F xd;whd rhu;ghFk;. x
f(x) = –1
f ?apd; Jiz kjpg;gfkhdJ N. 2
tPr;rfk; f = {5, 8, 11, 14, 17, ….} MdJ x = 2 f(2) = 1 – 1 = 0
N?d; jF cl;fzkhFk;. x = 4 f(4) = 2 – 1 = 1
vdnt/ f MdJ nky;rhu;g[ ,y;iy. x = 6 f(6) = 3 – 1 = 2

la
mjhtJ/ f cl;rhu;g[ MFk;. x = 10 f(10) = 5 – 1 = 4
vdnt/ f MdJ xd;Wf;F xd;whd kw;Wk; x = 12 f(12) = 6 – 1 = 5
cl;rhu;g[ MFk;.
sa i) tupirr; nrhofspd; fzk;:
13. f = {(1, 2), (2, 2), (3, 2), (4, 3), (5, 4)} vd;w f = {(2, 0), (4, 1), (6, 2), (10, 4), (12, 5)}
rhu;gpid (i) mk;g[f;Fwp glk;
ii) ml;ltiz:
(ii) ml;ltiz (iii) tiuglk; @ykhff;
Fwpf;ft[k;. x 2 4 6 10 12
f(x) 0 1 2 4 5
da
jPu;t[:
i. mk;g[f;Fwp glk;: iii) mk;g[f;Fwp glk;:
f
1
f 2 0
4 1
2 2
6 2
Pa

3 3
10 4
4 4
12 5
5

iv) tiuglk;:
ii. ml;ltiz:
x 1 2 3 4 5 6
w.

f(x) 2 2 2 3 4 5 (12, 5)
4 (10, 4)
iii. tiuglk;:
3
2 (6, 2)
ww

6
1 (4, 1)
5 (2, 0)
0
4 (5, 4)
2 4 6 8 10 12

3 (4, 3)
(2, 2) ***
2
(1, 2) (3, 2)
1
0
1 2 3 4 5 6

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10 Ý‹ õ°Š¹ - èEî‹
22
4. 
mog;gil vz;zpay; njw;wj;ijg;
2. v©fS« bjhl®tÇirfS« gad;gLj;jp 408 kw;Wk; 170 vd;w vz;fspd;
2 kjpg;bgz;fs; kP.bgh.k kw;Wk; kP.bgh.t fhz;f.
jPu;t[: 2 408 2 170
1. ab × ba = 800 vd;wthW mika[k; ,U kpif
KGf;fs; a kw;Wk; b I fhz;f. 2 204 5 85
jPu;t[: 2 102 17

et
3 51
800 = ab × ba 2 800
2 400 17
2 200
408 = 23 × 3 × 17
2 100

i.N
2 50 170 = 2 × 5 × 17
5 25 408, 170 ,d;; kP.bgh.t = 2 × 17 = 34
5 408, 170 ,d; kP.rp.k= 23 × 3 × 5 × 17
800 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 5 × 5 = 25 × 52 = 2040
a = 2, b = 5 (my;yJ) a = 5, b = 2
5. 
xU bjhlu;tupirapd; bghJ cWg;g[

la
2. 252525 kw;Wk; 363636 vd;w vz;fspd; gpd;tUkhW tiuaWf;fg;gLfpwJ.
kP.bgh.t fhz;f. ìn(n + 3); n Î N Xh; xw; iw vz;
jPu;t[: an = í 2
2 363636 5 252525 în + 1; n Î N Xh; ,ul; il vz;
sa 2
3
3
181818
90909
30303
5
3
7
50505
10101
3367
11?tJ cWg;g[ kw;Wk; 18?tJ cWg;g[ fhz;f.
jPu;t[:
3 10101 13 481 n = 11 vd;gJ xw;iw vz; vd;gjhy;/ a11 ,d;

7 3367 37 37 kjpg;g[ fhz n = 11 vd
da
13 481 1 an= n (n + 3) apy; gpujpapl/
37 37 11?tJ cWg;g[ a11 = 11 (11 + 3) = 154
1
n = 18 vd;gJ ,ul;ilg;gil vz;

252525 = 3 × 52 × 7 × 13 × 37 vd;gjhy;/ a18 ,d; kjpg;g[ fhz
363636 = 23 × 33 × 7 × 13 × 37 n = 18 vd an= n2 + 1 apy; gpujpapl
Pa

252525 kw;Wk; 363636 ,d; kP.bgh.t 18 tJ cWg;g[ a18 = 182 + 1 = 325

= 3 × 7 × 13 × 37
= 10101 6. 
fPH;f;fz;l bjhlu;tupirfs; xt;bthd;wpYk;
n?tJ cWg;g[ bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. mjpy;
3. 13824 = 2a × 3b vdpy;/ a kw;Wk; b?apd; kjpg;g[ Fwpg;gpl;Ls;s cWg;g[fisf; fhz;f.
fhz;f. nk 22
w.

2 13824 5n
jPu;t[: (i) an = ; a kw;Wk; a13
2 6912 n+2 6
2 3456 (ii) an = −(n2 – 4); a4 kw;Wk; a11
2 1728
2 864 jPu;t[:
ww

2 432 5n
i. an =
2 216 n+2
2 108 30 15 65 13
2 54 a6 = = ; a13 = =
8 4 15 3
3 27
3 9 ii. an = – (n2 – 4)
3 a4 = – (16 – 4) = –12
13824 = 29 × 33 a11 = – (121 – 4) = –117
a = 9, b = 3
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

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23
ì n2 - 1 9 3, 99 vd;gd ,f;Tl;Lj; bjhlu;
ïï n + 3 ; Xh; ,ul; il vz; n Î N tupirapd; eL cWg;g[fshFk;.
7. an = í 2
ï n ; Xh; xw; iw vz; nÎ N
11. 3 + k, 18 – k, 5k + 1 vd;git xU Tl;Lj;
ïî 2n + 1 bjhlu;tupirapy; cs;sd vdpy;/ k apd;
 vd;gJ n?tJ cWg;g[ vdpy;/ a8 kw;Wk; a15 kjpg;g[f; fhz;f. brg;.21
fhz;f. jPu;t[:

et
jPu;t[: 3 + k, 18 – k, 5k + 1 vd;git
n2 - 1
n ,ul;il vdpy; a8 ,d; kjpg;g[ xU Tl;Lj; bjhlu;tupir
64 - 1 63 n+3 t2 – t1 = t3 – t2
a8 = =
11 11 (18 – k) – (3 + k) = (5k + 1 ) – (18 – k)
n2

i.N
n xw;iw vdpy; a15 ,d; kjpg;g[ 15 – 2k = 6k – 17
2n + 1
(15)2 225 –2k – 6k = –17 –15
a15 = = –8k = –32
30 + 1 31
k =4
8. 
–11, –15, –19, ... vd;w Tl;Lj; bjhlu;
tupirapd; 19?tJ cWg;igf; fhz;f. 12. xU rpdpkh mu=;fpd; Kjy; tupirapy; 20

la
jPu;t[:  Mf.22 ,Uf;iffSk; bkhj;jk; 30 tupirfSk;
Tl;Lj; bjhlupd; n?tJ cWg;g[ cs;sd. mLj;jLj;j xt;bthU
tn = a + (n – 1)d
tupirapYk; mjw;F Ke;ija tupiriatpl
sa
a = –11; d = –15 + 11 = –4; n = 19
t19 = –11 + 18(–4)
= –11 – 72
,uz;L ,Uf;iffs; TLjyhf cs;sd.
filrp tupirapy; vj;jid ,Uf;iffs;
,Uf;Fk;>
jPu;t[:
t19 = –83
Kjy; cWg;g[ a = 20
da
9. 16, 11, 6, 1, ... vd;w Tl;Lj; bjhlu;tupirapy; bghJ tpj;jpahrk; d = 2
–54 vd;gJ vj;jidahtJ cWg;g[> nk 22 filrp tupirapy; cs;s ,Uf;iffspd;
jPu;t[: vz;zpf;if tn = a + (n – 1) d
æ l - aö t30 = a + 29d
n= ç +1
è d ÷ø = 20 + 29(2)
Pa

a = 16; d = 11 – 16 = –5; l = –54 = 20 + 58 = 78

-54 - 16 -70
n= +1 = +1 13. Kjy; cWg;g[ 20 Mft[k; bghJ tpj;jpahrk; 8
-5 -5 Mft[k; bfhz;l Tl;Lj; bjhlu;tupiria
n = 14 + 1 n = 15 vGjt[k;.
10. 
9, 15, 21, 27, …, 183 vd;w Tl;Lj; jPu;t[:
w.

bjhlu;tupirapd; eL cWg;g[fisf; fhz;f. Kjy; cWg;g[ a = 20; bghJ tpj;jpahrk; d = 8

jPu;t[: Tl;Lj; bjhlu;tupirapd; bghJ totk;
a = 9, d = 6, l = 183 a, a + d, a + 3d, …
æ l - aö ,e;j epfH;tpy; ehk; bgWtJ
n =ç +1
è d ÷ø 20, 20+8, 20+2(8), 20+3(8), ...
ww

183 - 9 174 vdnt/ njitahd Tl;Lj; bjhlu;tupir

= +1= + 1 = 29 + 1 = 30
6 6 20, 28, 36, 44, … MFk;.
15 MtJ cWg;g[k; 16 MtJ cWg;g[k; eL
cWg;g[fshFk;. 14. 3, 6, 9, 12, …, 111 vd;w Tl;Lj;
tn = a + (n – 1)d bjhlu;tupirapy; cs;s cWg;g[fspd;
t15 = a + 14d t16 = a + 15d vz;zpf;ifiaf; fhz;f. brg;.21
= 9 + 14(6) = 9 + 15(6) jPu;t[:
= 9 + 84 = 9 + 90 Kjy; cWg;g[ a = 3,
= 93 = 99 bghJ tpj;jpahrk; d = 6 – 3 = 3

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10 Ý‹ õ°Š¹ - èEî‹
24
filrp cWg;g[ l = 111 t2 t3
=
æ l - aö t1 t2
n= ç + 1 vd ehk; mwpnthk;.
è d ÷ø x + 12 x + 15
æ 111 - 3 ö =
n= ç + 1 = 37 x+6 x + 12
è 3 ÷ø (x + 12)2 = (x + 6) (x + 15)
vdnt/ ,e;jf; Tl;Lj; bjhlu;tupirapy;
37 cWg;g[fs; cs;sd. x2 + 24x + 144
= x2 + 21x + 90

et
24x – 21x = 90 – 144
15. fPnH bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s Kjy; cWg;g[ 3x = – 54
kw;Wk; bghJ tpfpjk; cila bgUf;Fj; 54
x = – = –18
bjhlu;tupirapd; Kjy; @d;W cWg;g[fis 3

i.N
vGJf.
18. gpd;tUk; Kot[wh bjhlu;fspd; TLjy;
(i) a = 6, r = 3 (ii) a = 2,r= 2
2 fhz;f. 28
(iii) a = 1000, r = (i) 9 + 3 + 1 + ... (ii) 21 + 14 + + ...
5 3
jPu;t[: jPu;t[:
2 1
i. bghJtotk; G.P. a, ar, ar , ….. i. 9 + 3 + 1 + …. ,=;F a = 9 , r =
3

la
a = 6, r = 3 ( –1 < r < 1)
G.P. 6, 6(3), 6(3)2… a 9 27
S∞ = = =
6, 18, 54, …. 1- r 1 2
1-
sa 3
ii. G.P. a, ar, ar2, ……
a = 2 , r = 2 28 2
ii. 21 + 14 + + … ,=;F a =21, r =
( 2)
2
G.P. 2 , 2 ( 2 ), 2 3 3
2
( –1 < < 1)
2 , 2, 2 2 3
a 9
a, ar, ar2,…..
iii. G.P. S∞ = = = 63
da
2 1- r 2
1-
a = 1000, r = 3
5 2 2
2
G.P. 1000, 1000× , 1000× æç ö÷ … 19. xU Kot[wh bgUf;Fj; bjhlupd; Kjy;
5 è 5ø
G.P. 1000, 400, 160, …. cWg;g[ 8 kw;Wk; Kot[wh cWg;g[fs; tiu
TLjy; 32 vdpy; mjd; bghJ tpfpjk;
Pa

16. 
729, 243, 81,… vd;w bgUf;Fj; bjhlu;
tupirapd; 7-tJ cWg;igf; fhz;f. fhz;f. 3
jPu;t[: jPu;t[:
32
bgUf;Fj; bjhlupd; n MtJ cWg;g[ G.P. a = 8, S∞ =
3
tn = arn–1 a 8 32
243 1 = S∞ =
w.

a = 729, r = = ,n=7 1- r 1- r 3
729 3
24 = 32 – 32r
7 -1 6
8 1
t7 = 729 × æç 1 ö÷ 729 × æç 1 ö÷ 32r = 8 r= =
è 3ø è 3ø 32 4
1 1 1 1 1 1
t7 = 729 × × × × × ×
ww

20. xU bgUf;Fj; bjhlu;tupirapy; S6 = 4095

3 3 3 3 3 3
kw;Wk; r = 4 vdpy;/ mjd; Kjy; cWg;igf;
17. x + 6, x + 12 kw;Wk; x + 15 vd;gd xU fhz;f.
bgUf;Fj; bjhlu;tupirapd; bjhlu;r;rpahd jPu;t[:
@d;W cWg;g[fs; vdpy;/ x?apd; kjpg;igf; bghJ tpfpjk; = 4 > 1,
fhz;f. Kjy; 6 cWg;g[fspd; TLjy; S6 = 4095
jPu;t[:
vdnt/ Sn =
(
a rn -1 ) = 4095
x + 6, x + 12 kw;Wk; x + 15 vd;gd
 r -1
xU bgUf;Fj; bjhlu;tupir

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25

r = 4, vd;gjhy;
(
a 46 - 1 ) = 4095 n = –37 my;yJ n = 36
n ≠ –37 (n ≠ –37 Vw;fj;jf;fjy;y)
4 -1
4095 n = 36
a× = 4095
3 26. TLjy; fhz;f.
Kjy; cWg;g[ a = 3
(i) 2 + 4 + 6 + ..... + 80
21. kjpg;g[ fhz;f. 1 + 2 + 3 + ... + 50 (ii) 1 + 3 + 5 + ..... + 55

et
jPu;t[: jPu;t[:
1 + 2 + 3 + … + 50 i. 2 + 4 + 6 + ..… + 80
n (n + 1) = 2 [1 + 2 + 3 + ..… + 40]
1 + 2 + 3 + … + n = vd;w

i.N
2 é n (n + 1) ù
Nj;jpuj;ijg; gad;gLj;j =2 ê ú = 40 × 41 = 1640
ë 2 û
50 ´ (50 + 1)
1 + 2 + 3 + ..… + 50 = = 1275 ii. 1 + 3 + 5 + ..… + 55
2
22. TLjy; fhz;f.  ,e;j cWg;g[fspd; vz;zpf;if
1 + 3 + 5 + ..... to 40 cWg;g[fs; tiu bfhLf;fg;gltpy;iy. ehk;

la
jPu;t[: cWg;g[fspd; vz;zpf;ifia vd;w
1 + 3 + 5 + ..... + n cWg;g[fs; tiu Nj;jpuj;ijg; gad;gLj;jpf; fhz;nghk;.
TLjy; = n2 (55 - 1)
sa n = + 1 = 28
1 + 3 + 5 + ..… + 40 cWg;g[fs; tiu 2
TLjy; = (40)2 = 1640  vdnt/
1 + 3 + 5 + ..... + 55 = (28)2 = 784
23. TLjy; fhz;f. 12 + 22 + ..... + 192
jPu;t[: 27. gpd;tUk; bjhlu;fspd; TLjiyf; fhz;f.
da
12 + 22 + ..... + 192 (i) 1 + 2 + 3 + ..... + 60
n (n + 1)(2n + 1) 19 ´ (19 + 1)(2 ´ 19 + 1) (ii) 3 + 6 + 9 + ..... + 96
= = (iii) 1 + 4 + 9 + 16 + ..... + 225
6 6
19 ´ 20 ´ 39 (iv) 1 + 3 + 5 + ..... + 71
= = 2170
6 jPu;t[:
Pa

n (n + 1) 60 ´ 61
24. TLjy; fhz;f. 13 + 23 + 33 + ..... + 163 i. 1 + 2 + 3 + …. + 60 = =
2 2
jPu;t[: = 30 × 61 = 1830
é n (n + 1) ù
2
3 3 3 3
1 + 2 + 3 + ..... + n = ê ú ii. 3 + 6 + 9 + …. + 96
ë 2 û
16 ´ 17 ù
2
= 3 (1 + 2 + 3 + … + 32)
13 + 23 + 33 + ..... + 163 = éê
w.

ë 2 úû
2
é 32 ´ 33 ù
= 3 = 3 × 328 = 1584
= [136]2 êë 2 úû
= 18496 iii. 1 + 4 + 9 + 16 + …. + 225
25. 1 + 2 + 3 + ... + n = 666 vdpy;/ n?apd; kjpg;g[ = 12 + 22 + 32 + 42 + …. + 152
ww

fhz;f. n (n + 1)(2n + 1) 15 (15 + 1)(2 ´ 15 + 1)

= =
jPu;t[: 6 6
15 ´ 16 ´ 31
1 + 2 + 3 + ...... + n = 666 = = 1240
6
n (n + 1)
= 666 iv. 1 + 3 + 5 + …. + 71 = n2
2
n2 + n =1332 n = l - a + 1 æç 71 - 1ö÷ + 1 = 36
n2 + n – 1332 =0 d è 2 ø
(n – 36) (n + 37 ) = 0 1 + 3 + 5 + …. + 71 = 362 = 1296

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10 Ý‹ õ°Š¹ - èEî‹
26
28. 1 + 2 + 3 + ... + k = 325, vdpy; 13 + 23 + 33 + 113400 = 23 × 34 × 52 × 71
..... + k3 apd; kjpg;g[ fhz;f. P1 = 2, P2 = 3, P3 = 5, P4 = 7
jPu;t[: x1 = 3, x2 = 4, x3 = 2, x4 = 1
k (k + 1)
1 + 2 + 3 + ..... + k = = 325
2 a1 = 1, a2 = 1 kw;Wk; an = 2an–1 + an–2 n ≥ 3,
2. 
3 3 3 3
1 + 2 + 3 + ..... + k n N, vdpy; bjhlu;tupirapd; Kjy; MW
= ê (
é k k + 1) ù
2
cWg;g[fisf; fhz;f.

et
2
ú = (325) = 105625 jPu;t[:
ë 2 û
a1 = a2 = 1 kw;Wk; an = 2an–1 + an–2 vd;f.
29. 13 + 23 + 33 + ..... + k3 = 44100 vdpy;/
1 + 2 + 3 + ..... + k apd; kjpg;g[ fhz;f. a3 = 2a2 + a1 = 2 (1) + 1 = 3

i.N
jPu;t[: a4 = 2a3 + a2 = 2 (3) + 1 = 7
1 + 2 + 3 + ...+ k = 44100 = ê (
é k k + 1) ù
2
3 3 3 3 a5 = 2a4 + a3 = 2 (7) + 3 = 17
ú
ë 2 û a6 = 2a5 + a4 = 2 (17) + 7 = 41
1+2+3+…+k= (
k k + 1)
= 210 x, 10, y, 24, z vd;git xU Tl;Lj;
3. 
2
bjhlu;tupirapy; cs;sd vdpy;/ x, y, z

la
30. 13 + 23 + 33 + ..... vd;w bjhlupd; vj;jid Mfpatw;wpd; kjpg;g[ fhz;f.
cWg;g[fisf; Tl;odhy; TLjy; 14400 jPu;t[:
fpilf;Fk;>
x, 10, y, 24, z vd;gd Tl;Lj; bjhlu;tupir

jPu;t[:sa vd;gjhy; y vd;gJ
1 + 2 + 3 + ... + k = ê (
é k k + 1) ù
2
3 3 3 3
ú 10, 24 ,d; eL cWg;ghFk;.
ë 2 û 10 + 24 34
= 14400 mjhtJ y = = = 17
k (k + 1) 2 2
= 14400 = 120 A.P = x, 10, 17, 24, z
2
da
k (k + 1) = 240 d = 17 – 10 = 7 vd;gJ ,=;F bjspthfpwJ.

2
k + k – 240 = 0 x = 10 – 7 = 3
(k – 15) ( k + 16) = 0 z = 24 + 7 = 31
k = +15 my;yJ k = –16 x = 3, y = 17, z = 31.
,J bghUe;jhJ. 4. 5 + 55 + 555 + ..... vd;w bjhlu;tupirapd;
Pa

k = 15 Kjy; n cWg;g[fspd; TLjy; fhz;f.

5 kjpg;bgz;fs; jPu;t[:
1. p1 x1 ´ p2 x2 ´ p3 x.3 ´ p4 x4 = 113400 ,=;F p1, Sn = 5 + 55 + 555 + ….. + n cWg;g[fs; tiu
p2, p3, p4 vd;gd VWtupirapy; mike;j = 5[1 + 11 + 111 + ….. + n cWg;g[fs; tiu]
gfh vz;fs; kw;Wk; x1, x2, x3, x4 vd;gd
w.

5
KGf;fs; vdpy; p1, p2, p3, p4 kw;Wk; x1, x2, x3, = [ 9 + 99 + 999 + ….+ n cWg;g[fs; tiu]
x4 Mfpatw;wpd; kjpg;g[fisf; fhz;f. 9
2 113400 5
jPu;t[: = [(10 – 1) + (100 – 1) + (1000 – 1) + …. n
2 56700 9 cWg;g[fs; tiu]
ww

2 28350 5
= [(10 + 100 + 1000 + ….)
3 14175 9
– (1 + 1 + 1 + ….)]
3 4725
3 1575 5 é10 10 - 1
ê
n
( ù
- nú
)
=
3 525 9 ê 9 úû
ë
5 175
50 é n 5 ù
5 35 = ê
81 ë
( )
10 - 1 - n ú
9 û
7 7
1

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

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27
gpd;tUk; bjhlu;fspd; n cWg;g[fs; tiu
5.  3(2)n–1 = 3(2)9
TLjy; fhz;f. 2n–1 = 29
(i) 0.4 + 0.44 + 0.444 +..... n cWg;g[fs; tiu n = 10
(ii) 3 + 33 + 333 + ..... n cWg;g[fs; tiu a (r n - 1) 1(210 - 1)
jPu;t[: TLjy; Sn = S10 =
r -1 2 -1
i. 0.4 + 0.44 + 0.444 + ....... n cWg;g[fs; = 3(1023) = 3069

et
= 4 + 44 + 444 + ... n cWg; gf [ s; 7. kjpg;g[ fhz;f. 16 + 17 + 18 + ..... + 75
10 100 1000
é 1 11 111 ù jPu;t[:
= 4 ê + + + ... n cWg; g[fs; ú
ë10 100 1000 û 16 + 17 + 18 + ….. + 75

i.N
4 é 9 99 999 ù = (1 + 2 + 3 +….. + 75) –
= ê + + + ... n cWg; g[fs; ú
9 ë10 100 1000 û (1 + 2 + 3 + ….. + 15)
4 éæ 1ö æ 1 ö æ 1 ö ù é n (n + 1) ù é n (n + 1) ù
= ç1 - ÷ + ç1 - ÷ + ç1 - ÷ ... n cWg; gf
[ s; ú = ê ú – ê ú
9 êëè 10 ø è 100 ø è 1000 ø û ë 2 û ë 2 û
4
= [(1+1+1+… n cWg;g[fs;) – 75 (75 + 1) 15 (15 + 1)

la
9 = –
é 1 11 111 ù 2 2
 êë10 + 100 + 1000 + ... n cWg; g[fs; úû ] = 2850 – 120 = 2730
é sa é æ 1 ö n ùù 8. TLjy; fhz;f. 93 + 103 + ..... + 213
ê ê1 - úú
= 4 ê 1 ê çè 10 ÷ø ú ú jPu;t[:
n-
9 ê 10 ê 1 - 1 ú ú
ê 93 + 103 + …. + 213
ê
ë 10 úû ú
ë û = (13 + 23 + 33..... + 213) – (13 + 23 + 33 ..... + 83)
4 é 1æ 1 ö
n
ù é n (n + 1) ù 2 é n (n + 1) ù 2
= ê n - ç1 - æç ö÷ ÷ ú
da
= ê ú – ê ú
9 êë 9 è è 10 ø ø úû ë 2 û ë 2 û
é 21 ´ (21 + 1) ù é 8 ´ (8 + 1) ù
2 2

ii. 3 + 33 + 333 + ...... n = ê ú – ê ú

= 3 (1 + 11 + 111 + ….. + n cWg;g[fs;) ë 2 û ë 2 û
2 2
3 = (231) – (36) = 52065
= (9 + 99 + 999 + ... + n cWg;g[fs;)
Pa

9 9. 
gpd;tUk; bjhlu;fspd; TLjiyf; fhz;f.
3
= ((10–1) + (100–1) + (1000–1) + ..... + (i) 62 + 72 + 82 + ..... + 212
9 n cWg;g[fs;) (ii) 103 + 113 + 123 + ..... + 203
3
= (10 + 100 + 1000 + ..... + n cWg;g[fs;) jPu;t[:
9
– (1 + 11 + 111 +….. + n cWg;g[fs;) i. 62 + 72 + 82 + ..... + 212
w.

3 æ æ 10n - 1ö ö
= (12 + 22 + 32 ..... + 212) –
= ç 10 ç ÷ - n÷
9 è è 9 ø ø (12 + 22 + 32 ..... + 52)
30 3n
= (10n – 1) – n (n + 1)(2n + 1) n (n + 1)(2n + 1)
81 9 = –
6 6
ww

6. 3 + 6 + 12 + ..... + 1536 vd;w bgUf;Fj; 21 ´ (21 + 1)(42 + 1) 5 ´ (5 + 1)(10 + 1)

= –
bjhlupd; TLjy; fhz;f. 6 6
jPu;t[: 21 ´ 22 ´ 43 5 ´ 6 ´ 11
= –
6 6
3 + 6 + 12 + .... + 1536
= 3311 – 55 = 3256
a = 3, r = 2
tn = 1536 ii. 103 + 113 + 123 + ..... + 203
n–1
ar = 1536 = 13 + 23 + 33 + ..... + 203 –
3(2)n–1 = 1536 13 + 23 + 33 + ..... + 93

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10 Ý‹ õ°Š¹ - èEî‹
28
= (12 + 22 + 32 + ..... + 242)
é n (n + 1) ù é n (n + 1) ù
2 2

= ê ú – ê ú – (12 + 22 + ..... + 92)

ë 2 û ë 2 û
2 n (n + 1)(2n + 1) n (n + 1)(2n + 1)
20 ´ 21 ù
2
é 9 ´ 10 ù = –
= éê – ê 6 6
ë 6 û ú ë 3 úû 24 ´ 25 ´ 49 9 ´ 10 ´ 19
= –
= [210]2 – (45)2 = 44100 – 2025 6 6
= 4900 – 285

et
= 42075
= 4615 br.kP2
10. Kjy; n ,ay; vz;fspd; fz=;fspd; ***
TLjy; 2025 vdpy; n-apd; kjpg;g[ fhz;f.
3. ïa‰fÙj«

i.N
jPu;t[:
Kjy; n ,ay; vz;fspd; tu;f;f=;fspd;
2 kjpg;bgz;fs;
TLjy; = 285
1. gpd;tUtdtw;wpw;F kP.bgh.k fhz;f.
12 + 22 + 32 + ..... + n2 = 285 (i) 4x2y, 8x3y2
n (n + 1)(2n + 1) (ii) 9a3b2, 12a2b2c

la
= 285
2´3 (iii) 16m, 12m2n2, 8n2
n (n + 1)(2n + 1) (iv) p2 – 3p + 2, p2 – 4
= 285
sa 6 (v) 2x2 – 5x – 3, 4x2 – 36
n(n+1) (2n+1) = 285 × 6  ----(1)
(vi) (2x2 – 3xy)2, (4x – 6y)3, 8x3 – 27y3
Kjy; n ,ay; vz;fspd; fd=;fspd; TLjy; jPu;t[:
= 2025 i. 4x2y, 8x3y2
3 3 3 3
1 + 2 + 3 + ..... + n = 2025 4x2y = 22x2y
da
é n (n + 1) ù
2

8x3y2 = 23x3y2
ê ú = 2025
ë 2 û (4x2y, 8x3y2) ?d; kP.bgh.k =23x3y2 = 8x3y2
n (n + 1) ii. 9a3b2, 12a2b2c
= 2025 = 45
2 9a3b2 = (1)(3)2 a3b2
n(n+1) = 45 × 2  ----(2)
Pa

12a2b2c = 22 × 3 × a2 × b2 × c
() n(n + 1) (2n + 1) 285 ´ 6
= (9a3b2, 12a2b2c) ?d; kP.bgh.k
() n (n + 1) 45 ´ 2
= (1) × 22 × 32 × a3 × b2 × c = 36a3b2c
2n + 1 = 19
2n = 19 – 1 iii. 16m, 12m2n2, 8n2
16m = 24 × m
w.

2n = 18
12m2n2 = 22 × 3 × m2 × n2
n =9
8n2 = 23 × n2
11. nufhtplk; 10 br.kP/ 11 br.kP/ 12 br.kP…, (16m, 12m2n2, 8n2) ?d; kP.bgh.k
24 br.kP vd;w gf;f mst[s;s 15 rJu = 24 × 3 × m2 × n2 = 48m2n2
ww

tot tz;zf; fhfpj=;fs; cs;sd. ,e;j

tz;zf; fhfpj=;fisf; bfhz;L vt;tst[ iv. p2 – 3p + 2, p2 – 4
gug;ig milj;J my=;fupf;f Koa[k;> p2 – 3p + 2 = (p – 1) (p – 2)
jPu;t[: p2 – 4 = (p + 2) (p – 2)
bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s 15 rJu tot tz;zf; (p2 – 3p + 2, p2 – 4) ?d; kP.bgh.k
fhfpj=;fspd; gf;f mst[fs; = (p – 1) (p + 2) (p – 2)
10 br.kP + 11br.kP + 12br.kP + ..... + 24br.kP v. 2x2 – 5x – 3, 4x2 – 36
mjd; gug;g[ = 102 + 112 + 122 + ..... + 242 2x2 – 5x – 3 = (x – 3) (2x + 1)

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29
4x2 – 36 = 4(x + 3) (x – 3) 7p+ 2
ii. vd;w nfhitahdJ
(2x2 – 5x – 3, 4x2 – 36) ?d; kP.bgh.k 2
8 p + 13 p + 5
= 4(x – 3) (x + 3) (2x + 1)
8p2 + 13p + 5 = 0 mjhtJ
vi. (2x2 – 3xy)2, (4x – 6y)3, 8x3 – 27y3 (8p + 5) (p + 1) = 0 tpypUe;J
(2x2 – 3xy)2 = x2(2x – 3y)2 -5
p = , p = –1, vDk;nghJ nfhit
(4x – 6y)3 = 23(2x – 3y)3 8

et
8x3 – 27y3 = (2x)3 – (3y)3 tiuaWf;f ,ayhjjhfpwJ.
= (2x – 3y) (4x2 + 6xy + 9y2) vdnt/ tpyf;fg;gl;l kjpg;g[fs;
((2x2 – 3xy)2, (4x – 6y)3, (8x3 – 27y3) ?d; -5
kw;Wk; –1

i.N
kP.bgh.k 8
= 23 × x2 × (2x – 3y)3 (4x2 + 6xy + 9y2)
5. 
fPH;f;fz;l nfhitfSf;F tpyf;fg;gl;l
= 8x2(2x – 3y)3 (4x2 + 6xy + 9y2)
kjpg;g[fs; ,Ug;gpd; mtw;iwf; fhz;f.
2. RUf;Ff. y t
i) ii)
2 xz 2
y - 25
i) 4 x y ×
2
t - 5t + 6

la
2z 2 20 x2 + 6 x + 8 x 3 - 27
2
p - 10 p + 21 p 2 + p - 12 iii) iv) 3
ii) × x2 + x - 2 x + x2 - 6 x
p-7 ( p - 3)2 jPu;t[:
sa
jPu;t[: y
i. 2
vd;w nfhitahdJ y2 – 52 = 0
4x2 y 6 xz 3
3x z 3 y - 25
i. × 4 =
2z 2
20 y 5 y3 y2 – 52 = 0
p 2 - 10 p + 21 p 2 + p - 12 (y + 5) (y – 5) = 0
ii. ×
p-7 ( p - 3)2 y + 5 = 0, y – 5 = 0
da
=
( p - 7)( p - 3) = ( p + 4)( p - 3) y = –5, y = 5
( p - 7) ( p - 3)2  vDk;nghJ nfhit tiuaWf;f
= (p + 4) ,ayhjjhfpwJ.
tpyf;fg;gl;l kjpg;g[fs; –5 kw;Wk; 5.
x3 y3
Pa

3. Tl;Lf: + t
x- y y- x ii. 2
vd;w nfhitahdJ
jPu;t[: t - 5t + 6
x3 y3 x3 - y 3 t2 – 5t + 6 = 0
+ =
x- y y-x x- y t2 – 5t + 6 = 0
(x 2
)
+ xy + y 2 ( x - y ) (t – 2) (t – 3) = 0
w.

= t – 2 = 0, t – 3 = 0
(x - y)
= x + xy + y2
2 t = 2, t =3
 vDk;nghJ nfhit tiuaWf;f
4. 
gpd;tUk; nfhitfspd; tpyf;fg;gl;l
,ayhjjhfpwJ.
kjpg;g[ fhz;f. nk 22
ww

tpyf;fg;gl;l kjpg;g[fs; 2 kw;Wk; 3.

7p+2
i) x + 10 ii)
( x + 4)( x + 2) = x + 4
2
8x 8 p + 13 p + 5 x2 + 6x + 8
iii. =
jPu;t[: 2
x + x-2 ( x + 2)( x - 1) x - 1
x + 10 vd;w nfhitahdJ
i.  x+4
 vd;gJ x – 1 = 0 vDk;nghJ
8x x -1
8x = 0 (my;yJ) x = 0 vDk;nghJ tiuaWf;fg;gltpy;iy.
tiuaWf;f ,ayhjjhfpwJ. tpyf;fg;gl;l kjpg;g[fs; 1.
Mfnt tpyf;fg;gl;l kjpg;g[ 0 MFk;.

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10 Ý‹ õ°Š¹ - èEî‹
30

iv.
x 3 - 27
=
( x - 3) x 2 + 3x + 9 ( ) 9. 
@y=;fspd; TLjy; kw;wk; bgUf;fw;gyd;
bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,Ugor;
x3 + x 2 - 6 x x x2 + x - 6 ( ) rkd;ghLfisf; fhz;f.
( x - 3)(x 2 + 3x + 9) (i) –9, 20 (ii) 5 , 4 brg;.21
= 3
( x)( x + 3)( x - 2) jPu;t[:
x 3 - 27 i. –9, 20
 vd;gJ x3+ x2 – 6x = 0

et
x3 + x 2 - 6 x
njitahd ,Ugo rkd;ghL
vDk;nghJ tiaWf;fg;gltpy;iy.
x2 – [α + β]x + αβ = 0
(x) (x + 3) (x – 2) = 0
x = 0 my;yJ x = –3 my;yJ x = 2 x2– [–9]x + 20 = 0

i.N
tpyf;fg;gl;l kjpg;g[fs; 0, –3, 2 x2 + 9x + 20 = 0
5
6. gpd;tUtdtw;wpd; th;f;f@yk; fhz;f. ii. ,4
3
400 x 4 y12 z 16  Mf.22 njitahd ,Ugo rkd;ghL
100 x 8 y 4 z 4  x2 – (@y=;fspd; TLjy; gyd;)x +
@y=;fspd; bgUf;fw;gyd; = 0

la
jPu;t[: 5
x2 – x + 4 = 0
400 x 4 y12 z16 4 6
4 y 8 z12 = 2 y z 3
= ,Ug[wKk; 3 My; bgUf;f
100 x8 y 4 z 4 x4 x2
sa 3x2 – 5x + 12 = 0
7. fPH;f;fz;l nfhitfspd; th;f;f@yk;
fhz;f. 10. fPH;f;fhQk; ,Ugor; rkd;ghLfSf;F
@y=;fspd; TLjy; kw;Wk; bgUf;fy; fhz;f.
i) 256(x – a)8(x – b)4(x – c)16(x – d)20
(i) x2 + 3x − 28 = 0 (ii) x2 + 3x = 0
144a 8 b12 c16
da
ii) jPu;t[:
81 f 12 g 4 h14
i) x2 + 3x – 28 = 0
jPu;t[:
a = 1, b = 3, c = –28
i) (256(x - a) (x - b) (x - c)
8 4 16
( x - d )20 ) @y=;fspd; TLjy; gyd;
b
= α+β = – = – 3 = –3
= 16 |(x–a)4(x–b)2(x – c)8(x–d)10|
Pa

a 1
@y=;fspd; bgUf;fy; gyd;
144a8b12 c16 4 a 4b 6 c8 c 28
ii) = = αβ = = – = –28
81 f 12 g 4 h14 3 f 6 g 2 h7 a 1
ii) x2 + 3x = 0
8. gpd;tUtdtw;wpd; th;f;f@yk; fhz;f. a = 1, b = 3, c = 0
w.

121(a + b) ( x + y ) (b - c )
8 8 8 @y=;fspd; TLjy; gyd;
b
81(b - c ) (a - b)
4 12
(b - c )4 = α+β = – = – 3 = –3
a 1
jPu;t[: @y=;fspd; bgUf;fy; gyd;
c 0
= αβ = = = 0
ww

121(a + b) ( x + y ) (b - c )
8 8 8
a 1
81(b - c) (a - b) (b - c)4
4 12

æ8 9 4 3ö
ç ÷
121(a + b) ( x + y ) (b - c ) 3
8 8 8
= ç -1 7 5÷
81(b - c ) (a - b)
11. A = ç 2 ÷ vd;w mzpapy;,
4 12
(b - c) 4

ç1 4 3 0÷
ç ÷
11 (a + b) ( x + y )
4 4

= è6 8 -11 1ø
9 (a - b)6 (i) cWg;g[fspd; vz;zpf;ifiaf; fhz;f.
(ii) mzpapd; thpir fhz;f.
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

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31
(iii) a22, a23, a24, a34, a43, a44. Mfpa cWg;g[fis
vGJf. (i) aij = i − 2j (ii) aij =
(i + j )3
3
jPu;t[: jPu;t[:
i)  cWg;g[fspd; vz;zpf;if i. aij = |i – 2j|
= 4 × 4 = 16 æ a11 a12 a13 ö
ii) mzpapd; thpir = 4 × 4 A = ç a21 a22 a23 ÷
ç ÷

et
3 è a31 a32 a33 ø
iii) a22 = 7 ; a23 = ; a24 = 5;
2 é 1- 2 1- 4 1 - 6 ù é1 3 5 ù
ê ú
a34 = 0; a43 = –11; a44 = 1 = ê2-2 2-4 2 - 6 ú = êê0 2 4 úú

i.N
12. fPH;f;fhQk; ,Ugor; rkd;ghLfSf;F êë 3 - 2 3- 4 3 - 6 úû êë1 1 3 úû
@y=;fspd; TLjy; kw;Wk; bgUf;fy; fhz;f.
(i) x2 + 3x − 28 = 0 (ii) x2 + 3x = 0 ii. aij = (i + j )3
3 é8 64 ù
jPu;t[: ê3 9
æ a11 a12 a13 ö 3 ú
i. x2 + 3x – 28 = 0 ê ú
64 125 ú
= ç a21 a22 a23 ÷ = ê 9

la
a = 1, b = 3, c = –28 ê
ç ÷ 3 3 ú
@y=;fspd; TLjy; gyd; è a31 a32 a33 ø ê ú
b 3 ê 64 125 72 ú
= α+β = – = – = –3 êë 3 3 úû
sa a 1
@y=;fspd; bgUf;fy; gyd; 15. aij = i2j2 vd;w mikg;igf; bfhz;l 3 × 3
c 28
thpira[ila mzpiaf; fhz;f.
= αβ = = – = –28
a 1 jPu;t[:
ii) x2 + 3x = 0 3×3 thpira[ila mzpapd; bghJ totk;
da
a = 1, b = 3, c = 0 æ a11 a12 a13 ö
@y=;fspd; TLjy; gyd; A = ç a21 a22 a23 ÷ aij = i2j2
ç ÷
b 3 è a31 a32 a33 ø
= α+β = – = – = –3
a 1 a11= 12×12 = 1×1 = 1; a12 = 12×22 = 1×4 = 4;
@y=;fspd; bgUf;fy; gyd;
a13 = 12×32 = 1×9 = 9; a21 = 22×12 = 4×1 = 4;
Pa

c 0
= αβ = = = 0
a 1 a22 = 22×22 = 4×4 = 16; a23 = 22×32 = 4×9 = 36
a31 = 32×12 = 9×1 = 9; a32 = 32×22 = 9×4 = 36;
13. 18 cWg;g[fisf; bfhz;l Xh; mzpf;F
vt;tif thpirfs; ,Uf;f ,aYk;> Xh; a33 = 32×32 = 9×9 = 81
æ1 4 9 ö
mzpapd; cWg;g[fspd; vz;zpf;if 6
vdnt/ njitahd mzp A = ç 4 16 36÷
w.

vdpy;/ vt;tif thpirfs; ,Uf;f ,aYk;> ç ÷

è 9 36 81ø
jPu;t[:
18 cwg;g[fis;f bfhz;l Xh; mzpf;F æ 5 4 3ö
1 × 18 (m) 2 × 9 (m) 3 × 6 (m) 6 × 3 (m) 16. A = ç 1 -7 9÷ vdpy;/ A apd; epiu
ç ÷
è 3 8 2ø
ww

9×2 (m) 18 × 1 vDk; tiffspy; thpir

,Uf;f ,aYk;. epuy; khw;W mzpiaf; fhz;f.
6 cWg;g[fisf; bfhz;l Xh; mzpf;F jPu;t[:
1 × 6 (m) 2 × 3 (m) 3×2 (m) 6 × 1 vDk; æ 5 4 3ö
A = ç 1 -7 9÷
tiffspy; thpir ,Uf;f ,aYk;. ç ÷
è 3 8 2ø
14. gpd;tUtdtw;iwf; bfhz;L 3 × 3
æ 5 1 3ö
thpiriaf; bfhz;l mzp A –[aij] apidf; ç 4 -7 8÷
fhz;f. AT =
ç ÷
è 3 9 2ø

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10 Ý‹ õ°Š¹ - èEî‹
32
æ 7 -3ö 5+z=5 x + y = 6;
ç ÷ z=5–5 y = 6 – x;
17. A = ç - 5 2 ÷ vdpy;/
z=0
ç ÷
è 3 -5ø xy = 8
–A ?apd; epiu epuy; khw;W mzpiaf; x(6–x) = 8
fhz;f. brg;.20 6x – x2 – 8 = 0

et
jPu;t[: x2–6x+8 = 0
æ 7 -3ö æ- 7 3ö (x – 2) (x – 4) = 0
ç ÷ ç ÷ x – 2 = 0 (m) x – 4 = 0
A = ç - 5 2 ÷ –A = ç 5 -2÷
ç ÷ ç ÷ x = 2 (or) x = 4

i.N
è 3 -5ø è- 3 5ø 8 8
x = 2 vdpy; y = = = 4
æ- 7 5 - 3ö x 2
(–A)T = ç ÷ 8
è 3 -2 5 ø x = 4 vdpy; y = = 2
4
æ 5 2 2ö
æ x + y + z ö æ 9ö
ç 5÷ iii) ç x + z ÷ = ç 5÷

la
18.  A = ç - 17 0.7 ÷ vdpy; ç ÷ ç ÷
ç 2÷
çè 8 è y + z ø è 7ø
3 1 ÷ø
x + y + z = 9 ---- (1)
(A ) = A vd;gjidr; rhpghh;f;f.
T T
sa x + z = 5 ---- (2)
jPu;t[:
æ ö y + z = 7 ---- (3)
æ 5 2 2ö
ç ç 5 - 17 8÷ (3) I (1) y; gpujpapl
5÷
A = ç - 17 0.7 ÷; AT = ç 2 0.7 3÷ x + 7 = 9 x=9–7=2
ç 2÷ ç ÷
çè 8 3 1 ÷ø
ç 5 ÷ x = 2 vd (2) y; gpujpapl
da
çè 2 1÷
ø
2 2 + z = 5 z=5–2=3
æ 5 2 2ö
ç z = 3 vd (3) y; gpujpapl
5÷
(AT)T = ç - 17 0.7 ÷ y + 3 = 7 y=7–3 y=4
ç 2÷
çè 8 3 1 ÷ø æ 7 8 6ö æ 4 11 -3ö
Pa

(AT)T = A 20. A = ç 1 3 9 ÷ , B = ç -1 2 4 ÷
ç ÷ ç ÷
19. fPH;f;fhQk; rkd;ghLfspy; ,Ue;J x, y è -4 3 -1ø è 7 5 0ø
kw;Wk; z ?apd; kjpg;igf; fhz;f. vdpy;/ 2A + B If; fhz;f.
æ 12 3ö æ y zö jPu;t[:
(i) ç = çè 3 5÷ø
è x 5÷ø æ 7 8 6ö æ 4 11 -3ö
w.

æx+ y 2ö æ 6 2ö 2A + B = 2 ç 1 3 9 ÷ + ç -1 2 4 ÷
(ii) ç = çè 5 8÷ø ç ÷ ç ÷
è 5 + z xy÷ø è -4 3 -1ø è 7 5 0ø
æ x + y + zö æ 9ö æ 14 16 12 ö æ 4 11 -3ö
(iii) ç x + z ÷ = ç 5÷ = ç 2 6 18 ÷ + ç -1 2 4 ÷
ç ÷
ww

ç ÷ ç ÷ ç ÷
èy+z ø è 7ø è -8 6 -2ø è 7 5 0 ø
jPu;t[: æ 14 + 4 16 + 11 12 - 3 ö
æ12 3ö æ y zö = ç 2 -1 6 + 2 18 + 4 ÷
i. ç = ç ÷
è x 5÷ø çè 3 5÷ø è -8 + 7 6 + 5 -2 + 0ø
12 = y; 3 = z; x = 3 æ 18 27 9 ö
æx+ y 2ö æ 6 2ö = ç 1 8 22÷
ii. ç = ç ÷
çè 5 8÷ø è -1 11 -2ø
è 5 + z xy÷ø

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

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33
æ5 4 -2 ö æ -7 4 -3ö ii. A + (–A) = (–A) + A = 0
ç1 3 ÷ ç 1 7 ÷ æ 1 9 ö æ -1 -9ö æ 0 0ö
21. A = ç 2÷ , B = ç 3÷, A + (–A) = ç 3 4 ÷ + ç -3 -4÷ = ç 0 0÷ --- (1)
ç2 4 ÷ ç 4 2 ÷ ç ÷ ç ÷ ç ÷
çè 1 9 4 ÷ø çè 5 -6 9 ÷ø è 8 -3ø è -8 3 ø è 0 0ø
vdpy;/ 4A–3B If; fhz;f. æ -1 -9ö æ 1 9 ö æ 0 0ö
jPu;t[: (–A) + A = ç -3 -4÷ + ç 3 4 ÷ = ç 0 0÷ --- (2)

et
æ5 4
-2 ö æ -7 4 -3ö ç ÷ ç ÷ ç ÷
ç1 ÷ ç 1 7 ÷ è -8 3 ø è 8 -3ø è 0 0ø
3
4A – 3B = 4 ç 2 ÷ –3 ç 3÷ (1), (2) A + (–A) = (–A) + A = 0
ç2 4
÷ ç 4 2 ÷
çè 1
4 ÷ø çè 5 -6
9 9 ÷ø
æ 0 4 9ö

i.N
æ 7 3 8ö
æ 21 -12 9 ö 23. A = ç ÷ ,B= ç
æ 20 16 -8 ö
ç 3 ÷ è 8 3 7ø è 1 4 9÷ø
21
= ç 2 3 4 2 ÷ + ç - - -9 ÷ vdpy; gpd;tUtdtw;iwf; fhz;f.
ç ÷ ç 4 2 ÷ (i) B – 5A (ii) 3A – 9B
çè 4 36 16 ÷ø ç
è -15 18 -27÷ø
jPu;t[:
æ 20 + 21 16 - 12 -8 + 9 ö
æ 0 4 9ö æ 7 3 8ö

la
ç 3 21 ÷ A= ç , B= ç
= ç 2 - 3- 4 2 - 9÷ è 8 3 7÷ø è 1 4 9÷ø
ç 4 2 ÷
çè 4 - 15 36 + 18 16 - 27 ÷ø i. B – 5A
sa æ7 3 8ö æ0 4 9ö
æ 41 4 1 ö = ç – 5ç
ç 5 ÷ è1 4 9ø÷ è8 3 7÷ø
15
= ç - 4 2 - 9÷ æ7 3 8ö æ 0 -20 -45ö
ç 4 2 ÷ = ç +ç
çè -11 54 -11 ÷ø è1 4 9÷ø è -40 -15 -35÷ø
æ 7 -17 -37ö
da
æ1 9ö æ 5 7ö = ç
è -39 -11 -26÷ø
22. A = ç 3 4÷,B= ç 3 3÷
ç ÷ ç ÷ ii. 3A – 9B
è8 3ø è 1 0ø æ 0 4 9ö æ7 3 8ö
gpd;tUtdtw;iwr; rhpghh;f;f. = 3 ç ÷ – 9ç
è 8 3 7ø è1 4 9÷ø
(i) A + B = B + A
Pa

(ii) A + (−A) = (−A) + A = O æ 0 12 27ö æ -63 -27 -72ö

= ç ÷ +ç
jPu;t[: è 24 9 21ø è -9 -36 -81÷ø
æ -63 -15 -45ö
i. A + B = B + A = ç
è 15 -27 -60÷ø
L.H.S.
æ 1 9 ö æ 5 7ö 5 kjpg;bgz;fs;
w.

A + B = ç 3 4 ÷ + ç 3 3÷
ç ÷ ç ÷ 1. 64x4 − 16x3 + 17x2 − 2x + 1 vd;gjd; th;f;f
è 8 -3ø è 1 0ø @yk; fhz;f. brg;.21
æ 6 16 ö
jPu;t[:
= ç 6 7 ÷ ----- (1)
ç ÷ 8 –1 1
ww

è 9 -3ø
8 64 –16 17 –2 1
R.H.S.
æ1 9 ö
(–) 64
æ 5 7ö
16 –1 –16 17
B + A = ç 3 3÷ + ç 3 4 ÷
ç ÷ ç ÷ (+) –16 (–) 1
è 1 0ø è 8 -3ø 16 –2 16 –2 1
æ 6 16 ö 1 (–) 16 (+) –2 (–) 1
= ç 6 7 ÷ ---- (2) 0
ç ÷
è 9 -3ø
njitahd th;f;f @yk; = |8x2 – x + 1|
(1), (2) A + B = B + A

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10 Ý‹ õ°Š¹ - èEî‹
34
4 3 2
2. 9x – 12x + 28x + ax + b MdJ xU iv. 121x4 − 198x3 − 183x2 + 216x + 144
KGth;f;fk; vdpy; a, b Mfpatw;wpd; 11 –9 –12
kjpg;g[fisf; fhz;f. 11 121 –198 –183 216 144
jPu;t[: (–)121
3 2 4 22 – 9 – 198 –183
3 9 –12 28 a b (+) –198 (–)81
(–) 9 22 – 18 – 12 – 264 216 144

et
(+) –264 (–)216 (–)144
6 –2 – 12 28
(+) –12 (–) 4 0
njitahd th;f;f@yk; = |11x2 – 9x – 12|
6 –4 4 24 a b

i.N
(–) 24 (+) –16 (–) 16 4. 
fPH;f;fhQk; gy;YWg;g[f;nfhitfs; KG
a = –16, b = 16 th;f;f=;fs; vdpy; a kw;Wk; b–apd; kjpg;g[
fhz;f.
3. 
tFj;jy; Kiwapy; gpd;tUk; gy;YWg;g[f; jPu;t[:
nfhitfspd; th;f;f@yk; fhz;f.
brg;.20 Mf.22 i. 4x4 − 12x3 + 37x2 + bx + a
jPu;t[: 
2 –3 7

la
i. x4 − 12x3 + 42x2 −36x + 9
2 4 –12 37 b a
1 –6 3 (–) 4
1 1 –12 42 –36 9 4 –3 –12 37
sa 2 –6
(–) 1
–12 42
(+) –12 (–) 36
4 –6 7
(+) –12 (–) 9
28 b a
(–) 28 (+)– 42 (–) 49
2 –12 6 –36 9 a = 49 , b = –42
3 (–) 6 (+) –36 (–) 9
da
0 ii. ax4 + bx3 + 361x2 + 220x + 100
10 11 12
njitahd th;f;f@yk; = |x2 – 6x + 3|
10 100 220 361 b a
ii. 37x2 −28x3 + 4x4 + 42x + 9 (–)100
2 –7 –3 20 11 220 361
Pa

2 4 –28 37 42 9 (–) 220 (–)121

(–) 4 20 22 12 240 b a
4 –7 –28 37 (–) 240 (–)264 (–)144
(–) –28 (–) 49
a = 144 , b = 264
4 –14 –12 42 9
–3 (+) –12 (–) 42 (–) 9
w.

5. 
fPH;f;fhQk; gy;YWg;g[f;nfhitfs; KG
0 th;f;f=;fs; vdpy;/ m kw;Wk; n?apd; kjpg;g[.
njitahd th;f;f@yk; = |2x2 – 7x – 3| jPu;t[:
(i) 36x4 −60x3 + 61x2 −mx + n nk 22
iii. 16x4 + 8x2 + 1
6 –5 3
ww

4 0 1
4 16 0 8 0 1 6 36 –60 61 –m n
(–) 16 (–) 36
8 0 8 0 12 –5 –60 61
0 0 (+) –60 (–)25
8 0 1 8 0 1 12 –10 3 36 –m n
(–) 8 (–)0 (–)1 (–) 36 (+)– 30 (–) 9
0 –m = –30, m = 30
njitahd th;f;f@yk; = |4x2 + 1| n=9
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

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35
ii. x4 −8x3 +mx2 +nx +16 æ 1 2ö æ -7 6ö
1 1ö
8. A = æ ,B=ç , C = çè 3 2÷ø vdpy;
jPu;t[: çè -1 3÷ø è -4 2÷ø
1 –4 4 A(B + C) = AB + AC vd;gijr; rhpghh;f;f.
1 1 –8 m n 16
jPu;t[:
(–) 1
æ 1 2ö æ -7 6ö
2 –4 –8 m B+C = ç +ç
è -4 2ø ÷ è 3 2÷ø

et
(+) –8 (–)16
æ 1 - 7 2 + 6ö æ -6 8ö
2 –8 4 m–16 n 16 = ç =ç
(–) 8 (+)– 32 (–) 16 è -4 + 3 2 + 2ø÷ è -1 4÷ø
0 LHS = A (B + C)

i.N
m – 16 = 8, n = –32 æ 1 1ö æ -6 8ö
= ç
m = 8 + 16 è -1 3ø÷ çè -1 4÷ø
m = 24 æ -6 - 1 8 + 4 ö æ -7 12ö
=ç =ç
è 6 - 3 -8 + 12ø÷ è 3 4 ÷ø
6. 18 cWg;g[fisf; bfhz;l Xh; mzpf;F
æ 1 1ö æ 1 2ö

la
vt;tif thpirfs; ,Uf;f ,aYk;> Xh; AB = ç
mzpapd; cWg;g[fspd; vz;zpf;if 6 vdpy;/ è -1 3ø÷ èç -4 2ø÷
vt;tif thpirfs; ,Uf;f ,aYk;> æ 1- 4 2+2 ö æ -3 4ö
= ç ÷ =ç
jPu;t[:sa è -1 - 12 -2 + 6ø è -13 4÷ø
18 cWg;g[fisf; bfhz;l Xh; mzpf;F 1 × æ 1 1ö æ -7 6ö
AC = ç
18 (m) 2 × 9 (m) 3 × 6 (m) 6 × 3 (m) 9×2 è -1 3ø÷ çè 3 2÷ø
(m) 18 × 1 vDk; tiffspy; thpir ,Uf;f æ -7 + 3 6 + 2 ö æ -4 8ö
= ç =ç
,aYk;. è 7 + 9 -6 + 6ø÷ è 16 0÷ø
6 cWg;g[fisf; bfhz;l Xh; mzpf;F 1 × 6
da
RHS = AB + AC
(m) 2 × 3 (m) 3×2 (m) 6 × 1 vDk; tiffspy;
æ -3 4ö æ -4 8ö
thpir ,Uf;f ,aYk;. = ç ÷ +ç
è -13 4ø è 16 0÷ø
æ1 8 3ö æ 8 -6 -4ö
æ -3 - 4 4 + 8ö æ -7 12ö
7. A = ç 3 5 0÷ , B = ç 2 11 -3÷ , =ç ÷ =ç
è 3 4 ÷ø
Pa

ç ÷ ç ÷ è -13 + 16 4 + 0ø
è8 7 6ø è0 1 5 ø
LHS = RHS
æ5 3 0ö
C = ç -1 -7 2÷ vdpy;/ æ 2 -1ö
ç ÷ æ 1 2 1ö ç -1 4 ÷
è1 4 3ø A=ç
9.  ÷ø kw;Wk; B =
è 2 -1 1 ç ÷
gpd;tUtdtw;iwf; fhz;f.  è 0 2 ø brg;.20
w.

3A + 2B – C vdpy; (AB)T = BTAT vd;gijr; rhpghh;f;f.

jPu;t[: jPu;t[:
3A + 2B – C æ 2 -1ö
æ 1 2 1ö ç
AB = ç -1 4 ÷
æ 1 8 3ö æ 8 -6 -4ö æ 5 3 0ö è 2 -1 1÷ø ç ÷
ww

ç ÷ ç -1 -7 2÷ è 0 2ø
= 3 3 5 0 + 2 ç 2 11 -3÷–
ç ÷ ç ÷ ç ÷
è 8 7 6ø è0 1 5 ø è 1 4 3ø æ 2 - 2 + 0 -1 + 8 + 2 ö æ0 9 ö
=ç ÷ =ç ÷
è 4 + 1 + 0 -2 - 4 + 2ø è 5 -4 ø
æ 3 24 9 ö æ16 -12 -8ö æ -5 -3 0 ö
= ç 9 15 0 ÷ + ç 4 22 -6÷+ ç 1 7 -2÷ (AB)T
æ0 5 ö
=ç
ç ÷ ç ÷ ç ÷
è 24 21 18ø è 0 2 10 ø è -1 -4 -3ø è 9 -4ø÷
æ1 2 ö
æ 14 9 1 ö æ 2 -1 0ö
BT =ç A = ç 2 -1÷
T

= ç 14 44 -8÷ è -1 4 2÷ø ç ÷
ç ÷ è1 1 ø
è 23 19 25ø

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10 Ý‹ õ°Š¹ - èEî‹
36

æ 2 -1 0ö æ 1 2 ö æ1 7 ö
ç ÷ æ 5 2 9ö
B A =çT T
è -1 4 2ø÷ ç 2 -1÷ 11. A = ç , B = ç 1 2 ÷ vdpy;/
è 1 2 8÷ø ç ÷
è1 1 ø è 5 -1ø
æ 2-2+0 4 +1+ 0 ö æ0 9 ö (AB)T = BTAT vd;gijr; rhpghh;f;ft[k;.
= ç ÷ =ç ÷ jPu;t[:
è -1 + 8 + 2 -2 - 4 + 2ø è 5 -4 ø æ1 7 ö
LHS = RHS æ 5 2 9ö
A =ç , B = ç1 2 ÷

et
è 1 2 8÷ø ç ÷
è 5 -1ø
æ1 3 ö æ 1 -1 2ö æ 1 3 2ö
10. A = ç ,B= ç ÷ ,C= ç
÷
è 5 -1ø è 3 5 2ø è -4 1 3÷ø æ 5 + 2 + 45 35 + 4 - 9ö æ 52 30ö
AB =ç =
vdpy;/ A(B + C) = AB + AC Ir; rhpghh;f;ft[k;. è 1 + 2 + 40 7 + 4 - 8 ÷ø çè 43 3 ÷ø

i.N
jPu;t[: æ 52 43ö
(AB)T = ç
æ1 3 ö æ 1 -1 2ö æ 1 3 2ö è 30 3 ÷ø
A= ç ÷ ,B= ç ÷ ,C= ç
è 5 -1ø è 3 5 2ø è -4 1 3ø÷ æ 5 1ö
æ1 1 5 ö
A(B + C) = AB + AC rhpghh;f;f ntz;Lk;
T
B =ç A = ç 2 2÷
T
è 7 2 -1÷ø ç ÷

la
è 9 8ø
LHS
æ 1 -1 2ö æ 1 3 2ö æ 5 1ö
B+C= ç + æ1 1 5 ö
è 3 5 2÷ø èç -4 1 3ø÷
T
B A =ç T
÷ × ç 2 2÷
è 7 2 -1ø ç ÷
sa è 9 8ø
æ 2 2 4ö
=ç æ 5 + 2 + 45 1 + 2 + 40ö
è -1 6 5ø÷ =ç
æ 52 43ö
=ç
÷
è 35 + 4 - 9 7 + 4 - 8 ø è 30 3 ÷ø
æ1 3 ö æ 2 2 4ö
A(B + C) = ç ×
è 5 -1÷ø èç -1 6 5ø÷ (1), (2) (AB)T = BTAT
da
= æ 2 - 3 2 + 18 4 + 15ö æ 3 1ö
12. A = ç vdpy;/ A2 – 5A + 7I2 = 0 vd
çè10 + 1 10 - 6 20 - 5÷ø è -1 2÷ø
epWt[f.
æ -1 20 19ö
=ç  ----(1) jPu;t[:
è 11 4 15÷ø
Pa

æ 3 1ö æ 3 1ö
A2 = ç
æ1 3 ö æ 1 -1 2ö è -1 2÷ø çè -1 2÷ø
AB = ç ÷ ×ç
è 5 -1ø è 3 5 2÷ø æ 9 -1 3 + 2 ö æ 8 5ö
= ç =
1 + 9 -1 + 15 2 + 6 ö è -3 - 2 -1 + 4ø÷ èç -5 3ø÷
= æç ÷
è5 - 3 -5 - 5 10 - 2 ø A2 – 5A + 7I2
w.

æ10 14 8 ö æ 8 5ö æ 3 1ö æ 1 0ö
= ç = ç – 5ç ÷ + 7ç
è 2 -10 8 ø
÷ ÷
è -5 3ø è -1 2ø è 0 1÷ø
1 3ö æ 1 3 2ö æ 8 5ö æ 15 5 ö
AC = æç ×ç = ç + +
æ 7 0ö
è -4 1 3ø÷
ww

÷
è 5 -1ø è -5 3ø÷ çè -5 10÷ø çè 0 7÷ø

æ -11 6 11ö
= æ1 - 12 3 + 3 2 + 9 ö = ç æ 8 - 15 + 7 5 - 5 + 0 ö æ 0 0ö
çè 5 + 4 15 - 1 10 - 3÷ø è 9 14 7 ÷ø = ç ÷ =ç
è -5 + 5 + 0 3 - 10 + 7ø è 0 0÷ø
æ -1 20 19ö
AB+AC = ç ----(2) A2 – 5A + 7I2 = 0 vd epqgpf;fg;gl;lJ.
è 11 4 15÷ø
(1), (2) A (B + C) = AB + AC ***

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

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37

4. toÉaš
AB
=
BC
PQ QC
2 kjpg;bgz;fs; 5 6 5
= = 2 x=
1. ΔABC MdJ ΔDEF?f;F tobthj;jit. x 3 2
nkYk; BC = 3 br.kP/ EF = 4 br.kP kw;Wk; = 2.5
Kf;nfhzk; ΔABC ?apd; gug;g[ = 54 br.kP2
3. ΔABC ~ ΔDEF?y;/ ΔABC?apd; gug;g[ 9br.kP2,
vdpy;/ ΔDEF?apd; gug;igf; fhz;f.

et
ΔDEF?apd; gug;g[ 16 br.kP2 kw;Wk; BC = 2.1
jPu;t[: br.kP vdpy;/ EF?apd; ePsk; fhz;f.

,U tobthj;j Kf;nfhz=;fSila jPu;t[:
gug;g[fspd; tpfpjkhdJ mtw;wpd; xj;j D A

i.N
gf;f=;fSila th;f;f=;fspd; tpfpjj;jpw;Fr;
rkk; vd;gjhy;
∆ABC ?apd; gug;gst[ BC 2
=
∆DEF ?apd; gug;gst[ EF 2 E F B C
54 32
= 2 ∆ABC ~ ∆DEF vd;f.

la
∆DEF ?apd; gug;gst[ 4
16 ´ 54 (∆ABC)?d; gug;gst[ BC 2
∆DEF?apd; gug;gst[ = =
9 (∆DEF)?d; gug;gst[ EF 2
= 96 br.kP2 AB 2 AC 2
sa = =
DE 2 DF 2
2. 
fPnH bfhLf;fg;gl;ltw;wpy; ve;j
Kf;nfhz=;fs; tobthj;jit vd;gijr; 9
=
( 2.1)
2

nrhjpf;ft[k;. nkYk; x?apd; kjpg;g[ fhz;f. 16 EF 2

16
EF2 = (2.1)2 ×
i) ii) 9
da
4
EF = 2.1 ×
3
= 2.8 br.kP
jPu;t[: 4. ΔABC?apd; gf;f=;fs; AB kw;Wk; AC?y;
i. glj;jpypUe;J mike;j g[s;spfs; Kiwna D kw;Wk; E
Pa

1 7 7+4 nkYk;/ AB = 5.6 br.kP, AD = 1.4 br.kP/

3 +2 +2
AC AC = 7.2 br.kP/ kw;Wk; AE = 1.8 br.kP/ vdpy;/
= 2 = 2 = 2
AE 2 2 2 DE || BC vdf; fhl;Lf.
11 1 11 jPu;t[:
= ´ =  ----(1)
2 2 4
w.

AB 3+ 5 8
= =  ----(2)
AD 3 3
AC AB
(1), (2) ≠
AE AD
∆ABC kw;Wk; ∆ADE tobthj;jit
ww

AB = 5.6 br.kP, AD = 1.4 br.kP/

my;y.
AC = 7.2 br.kP/ AE = 1.8 br.kP
ii. glj;jpypUe;J ∆ABC kw;Wk; ∆PQC BD = AB – AD = 5.6 – 1.4 = 4.2 br.kP
ABC = PQC = 70°  ----(1) EC = AC – AE = 7.2 – 1.8 = 5.4 br.kP
(xj;j nfhz=;fs; rkk;) AD 1.4 1 AE 1.8 1
C = C (bghJ nfhzk;)----(2) = = kw;Wk; = =
DB 4.2 3 EC 5.4 3
A = QPC ( AAA tpjpg;go) AD AE
= .
∆ABC kw;Wk; ∆PQC Mfpad tobthj;j DB EC
Kf;nfhz=;fs;. DE || BC

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10 Ý‹ õ°Š¹ - èEî‹
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glj;jpy; A ?apd; ,Urkbtl;o AD MFk;.
5.  (ii) AD = 8x − 7, DB = 5x − 3, AE = 4x − 3
BD = 4 br.kP, DC = 3 br.kP kw;Wk; AB = 6 kw;Wk; EC = 3x − 1, vdpy;/ x ?d; kjpg;g[
br.kP vdpy;, AC?iaf; fhz;f. nk 22 fhz;f.
jPu;t[:
AD 3
i. = , AC = 15 br.kP
DB 4

et
AE = x, EC = 15 – x
jPu;t[: DE || BC njy;!; njw;wg;go/
AD AE 3 x
∆ABC?apy;, A?apd; ,Urkbtl;o AD. = =
DB EC 4 15 - x

i.N
vdnt/ nfhz ,Urkbtl;oj; njw;wj;jpd;
3(15 – x) = 4x
go/
45 – 3x = 4x
BD
= AB 45 = 7x
DC AC 45
4 6 x = = 6.43 br.kP
= ypUe;J 4AC = 18 7
3 AC

la
9 ii. bfhLf;fg;gl;lit:
vdnt/ AC = = 4.5 br.kP
2 AD = 8x – 7, DB = 5x – 3,
6. 
bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s  AE = 4x – 3, EC = 3x – 1
sa
glj;jpy; AD vd;gJ
BAC ?apd; ,Urk
btl;oahFk;. AB = 10
DE || BC njy;!; njw;wg;go

AD
DB
=
AE
EC
br.kP/ AC = 14 br.kP 8x - 7 4x - 3
=
kw;Wk; BC = 6 br.kP 5x - 3 3x - 1
da
vdpy;/ BD kw;Wk; DC I (8x–7) (3x–1) = (5x–3) (4x–3)
fhz;f. 24x2 – 29x + 7 = 20x2 – 27x + 9
jPu;t[: 4x2 – 2x – 2 = 0
AD vd;gJ BAC ?d; ,Urkbtl;oahFk;. 2x2 – x – 1 = 0
AB = 10 br.kP/ AC = 14 br.kP/ BC =6 br.kP (2x+1) (x–1) = 0
Pa

nfhz ,Urkbtl;o njw;wg;go/ 1

BDAB x = 1, x = –
= 2
DCAC x = 1
x
= 10 8. ΔABC?apy; D kw;Wk; E vd;w g[s;spfs;
6- x
14
x 5 Kiwna gf;f=;fs; AB kw;Wk; AC
w.

= Mfpatw;wpd; kPJ mike;Js;sd.

7
6- x
gpd;tUtdtw;wpw;F DE || BC vd epWt[f.
7x
= 30 – 5x
12x
= 30 AB = 12 br.kP, AD = 8 br.kP AE = 12 br.kP
(i) 
30 kw;Wk; AC = 18 br.kP.
ww

x = = 2.5 br.kP
12 (ii) AB = 5.6 br.kP AD = 1.4 br.kP AC = 7.2
BD = 2.5 br.kP DC = 3.5 br.kP br.kP kw;Wk; AE = 1.8 br.kP
jPu;t[:
7. ΔABC?apd; gf;f=;fs;, AB kw;Wk; AC apd; A
kPJs;s g[s;spfs; Kiwna D kw;Wk; E
MdJ DE || BC vd;wthW mike;Js;sJ.
AD 3 D E
(i) = kw;Wk; AC = 15 br.kP vdpy;
DB 4
AE?apd; kjpg;g[ fhz;f. brg;.21 B C

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

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39
i. 
AB = 12 br.kP/ AD = 8 br.kP/ A
AE = 12 br.kP/ AC = 18 br.kP
AD 8 2
= =  ----(1) 4 6
AB 12 3
AE 12 2
= =  ----(2)
AC 18 3 B 1.6 2.4 C
AD AE

et
(1), (2) = ii. 
AB = 4 br.kP/ AC = 6 br.kP/
AB AC BD = 1.6 br.kP/ CD = 2.4 br.kP
DE || BC AB 4 2
= =  ----(1)
ii. 
AB = 5.6 br.kP/ AD = 1.4 br.kP/ AC 6 3

i.N
BD 1.6 2
AC = 7.2 br.kP/ AE = 1.8 br.kP = = ----(2)
AD 1.4 CD 2.4 3
1 AB BD
= =  ----(1) (1), (2) =
AB 5.6 4 AC CD
AE 1.8 1 ( nfhz ,Urkbtl;o njw;wg;go)
= =  ----(2)
AC 7.2 4
AD  A ?d; nfhz ,Urkbtl;o AD MFk;.
AE

la
(1), (2) =
AB AC 5 kjpg;bgz;fs;
DE || BC
njw;wk; 1
gpd;tUtdtw;Ws; ΔABC?apy; AD MdJ
9.  sa mog;gil tpfpjrk njw;wj;ij vGjp epWt[f.
A?apd; ,Urkbtl;o MFkh vdr; (my;yJ) njy;!; njw;wk;. nk 22
nrhjpf;ft[k;.
AB = 5 br.kP/ AC = 10 br.kP/ BD= 1.5
(i) 
br.kP kw;Wk; CD= 3.5 br.kP brg;.20
da
(ii) AB= 4 br.kP/ AC = 6 br.kP/ BD = 1.6 br.kP
kw;Wk; CD= 2.4 br.kP
jPu;t[: A

Tw;W:

Pa

5 10 Xh; neh;f;nfhL Kf;nfhzj;jpd; xU

gf;fj;jpw;F ,izahft[k; kw;w ,U
C
gf;f=;fis btl;LkhWk; tiuag;gl;lhy;
B 1.5 3.5
mf;nfhL mt;tpuz;L gf;f=;fisa[k; rk
i. 
AB = 5 br.kP/ AC =10 br.kP/
tpfpjj;jpy; gphpf;fpwJ.
BD =1.5 br.kP/ CD = 3.5 br.kP
w.

AB 5 1 epqgzk;:
= =  ----(1)
AC 10 2 bfhLf;fg;gl;lit:
BD 1.5 3 ∆ABC-apy;, AB-apd; nkYs;s g[s;sp D,
= =  ----(2)
CD 3.5 7 AC?apd; nky; cs;s g[s;sp E MFk;.
AB BD AD AE
ww

(1), (2) ≠ epqgpf;f: =

AC CD DB EC
( nfhz ,Urkbtl;o njw;wg;go) mikg;g[: DE || BC tiuf.
 A ?d; nfhz ,Urkbtl;o AD my;y
vz; Tw;W fhuzk;
1. ABC = ADE xj;j nfhz=;fs;
= 1 rkk;.
Vbddpy; DE || BC

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10 Ý‹ õ°Š¹ - èEî‹
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2. ACB = AED xj;j nfhz=;fs; mikg;g[:
= 2 rkk;. AB?f;F ,izahf C tHpahf xU
Vbddpy; DE || BC ,iznfhL tiuf. AD apd; ePl;rpahdJ
C tHpahf bry;Yk; nfhl;oid E?apy;
3. DAE = BAC ,U Kf;nfhz=;f re;jpf;fpwJ.
= 3 Sk; xU bghJ
vz; Tw;W fhuzk;

et
thd nfhzj;ijf;
1. AEC = BAE = xU FWf;F
bfhz;Ls;sJ.
1 btl;oahdJ
∆ABC ~ ∆ADE AAA tpjpKiwgo ,uz;L

i.N
AB AC ,iznfhLfis
= xj;j gf;f=;fs;
AD AE tpfpjr; rkk;. btl;Ltjhy;
Vw;gLk;
AD + DB D kw;Wk; E?Ig; xd;Wtpl;l
AD gad;gLj;jp AB nfhz=;fs; rkk;.

la
AE + EC kw;Wk; AC?Ig; 2.
= ∆ACE vd;gJ ∆ACE?apy; CAE
AE gphpj;jy; ,Urkgf;f = CEA.
DB EC RUf;Fjy; Kf;nfhzk;
1+
sa = 1+
AD AE AC = CE …. (1)
DB EC ,U gf;f=;fspYk; 3. ∆ABD ~ ∆ECD AA tpjpKiwgo
=
AD AE 1?I ePf;Ff. AB BD
=
CE CD
AD AE jiyfPHhf khw;Wf
4.
da
= AB BD (1) ypUe;J
DB EC =
AC CD AC = CE njw;wk;
njw;wk; epqgpf;fg;gl;lJ
epqgpf;fg;gl;lJ.
njw;wk; 2
njw;wk; 3
Pa

nfhz ,Urkbtl;o njw;wj;ij vGjp epWt[f.

gpjhfu!; njw;wj;ij vGjp epWt[f.
(Angle Bisector Theorem) brg;.20 Mf.22
(Pythagoras Theorem) brg;.21
Tw;W:
Tw;W:
 xU Kf;nfhzj;jpd; xU nfhzj;jpd;
 xU br=;nfhz Kf;nfhzj;jpy;
cl;gw [ ,Urkbtl;oahdJ mf;nfhzj;jpd;
fh;zj;jpd; th;f;fk; kw;w ,U gf;f=;fspd;
w.

vjph;gf;fj;ij cl;g[wkhf mf;nfhzj;jpid

th;f;f=;fspd; TLjYf;Fr; rkk;.
mlf;fpa gf;f=;fspd; tpfpjj;jpy; gphpf;Fk;.
ww

bfhLf;fg;gl;lit: epqgzk;:
∆ABC-apy;, AD-ahdJ A?apd; cl;g[w bfhLf;fg;gl;lJ: ∆ABC, A = 90°
,Urkbtl;o epqgpf;f: AB2 + AC2 = BC2
AB BD mikg;g[: AD BC tiuf.
epqgpf;f: =
AC CD

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

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41
vz; Tw;W fhuzk; CA?d; eLg;g[s;sp E. vdnt/
1. ∆ABC kw;Wk; BAC = 90° CE
CE = EA. mjhtJ =1 ----(2)
∆ABD ?I bfhLf;fg;gl;lJ EA
xg;gpLf. kw;Wk; AB?d; eLg;g[s;sp F. vdnt
B bghJthdJ BDA = 90°
mikg;gpypUe;J AF = FB. mjhtJ AF = 1  ----(3)
FB
BAC = BDA

et
(1), (2) kw;Wk; (3)?I bgUf;f ehk; bgWtJ
= 90°
vdnt/ ∆ABC ~ AA tpjpKiwgo BD CE AF
× × =1×1×1=1
∆ABD DC EA FB

i.N
AB BC vdnt rPth!; njw;wk; epqgpf;fg;gl;lJ.
=
BD AB Mifahy;/ eLf;nfhLfs; xU g[s;sp tHpr;
2
AB = BC × BD bry;fpd;wd.
... (1)
2. ∆ABC kw;Wk; BAC = 90° ***

la
∆ADC ?I bfhLf;fg;gl;lJ
xg;gpLf. kw;Wk; 5. Ma¤bjhiyî toÉaš
C bghJthdJ CDA = 90°
mikg;gpypUe;J 2 kjpg;bgz;fs;
sa
BAC = ADC
= 90°
vdnt/ ∆ABC ~ AA tpjpKiwgo
1. 
(–3, 5), (5, 6) kw;Wk; (5, –2) Mfpatw;iw
Kidfshff; bfhz;l
gug;igf; fhz;f.
Kf;nfhzj;jpd;

∆ADC jPu;t[:
BC AC
da
=
AC DC
2
AC = BC × DC
... (2)
(1) kw;Wk; (2)?If; Tl;l ehk; bgwtJ
Pa

AB2 + AC2 = BC × BD + BC × DC
A(–3, 5),
B(5, –2), C(5,6)
= BC(BD + DC)

AB2 + AC2 = BC × BC = BC2
x1y1 x2y2 x3y3
njw;wk; epqgpf;fg;gl;lJ.
x1 y1 -3 5
w.

4. 
xU Kf;nfhzj;jpd; eLf;nfhLfs; xU 1 x2 y2 1 5 -2
g[s;sp tHpr; bry;Yk; vdf; fhl;Lf. brg;.21 ∆ d; gug;g[ = =
2 x3 y3 2 5 6
x1 y1 -3 5
1
= [(6+30+25)–(25–10– 18)]
ww

2
1
= [6+30+25–25+10+18]
2
1
= [6+30+10+18]
2
 ABC apy;
D 1
= [64] = 32 r.myFfs;
BC?d; eLg;g[s;sp D. vdnt/ 2
BD
BD = DC. mjhtJ =1  ----(1)
DC

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10 Ý‹ õ°Š¹ - èEî‹
42
P (–1.5, 3), Q (6, –2), kw;Wk; R (–3, 4) Mfpa
2.  1
g[s;spfs; xnu neh;nfhl;oy; mika[k; vdf; = [(6+20+3) – (4–18–5)]
2
fhl;Lf. nk 22 1
= [6+20+3–4+18+5]
jPu;t[: 2
∆PQR d; gug;g[ = 0 1
= [(6+20+3+18+5)–4]
-1.5 3 2
x1 y1
1

et
1 x2 y2 1 6 -2 = [52–4]
=0 = 0 2
2 x3 y3 2 -3 4 1
= [48] = 24 r.m
x1 y1 -1.5 3 2
1 ii. (–10, –4), (–8, –1) kw;Wk; (–3, –5)

i.N
[(3+24–9) – (18+ 6 – 6)] = 0
2 jPu;t[:
1 x1 y1 -10 -4
[3+24–9–18–6 + 6 ] = 0
2 1 1 x2 y2 1 -8 -1
[27–(27)] = 0 ∆ d; gug;g[ = =
2 1 2 x3 y3 2 -3 -5
[0] = 0
2 x1 y1 -10 -4

la
 fhLf;fg;gl;;l @d;W g[s;spfs; xnu
b 1
neh;nfhl;oy; mika[k;. = [(10+40+12)–(32+3+50)
2
A (–1, 2), B (k, –2) kw;Wk; C (7, 4) Mfpatw;iw
3.  1
= [62 – 85]
sa
thpirahd Kidg; g[s;spfshff; bfhz;l 2
Kf;nfhzj;jpd; gug;g[ 22 rJu myFfs; 1
= [–23] = –11.5 r.m
vdpy;/ k?apd; kjpg;g[f; fhz;f. Mf.22 2
jPu;t[: Kf;nfhzj;jpd; gug;g[ = 11.5 r.m
A (–1, 2), B (k, –2) kw;Wk; C (7, 4) Mfpad 5. 
fPH;f;fhQk; g[s;spfs; xnu neh;f;nfhl;oy;
da
Kidg;g[s;spfs; MFk;. mika[kh vdj; jPh;khdpf;ft[k;.
∆ABC ?apd; gug;g[ 22 rJu myFfs; æ 1 ö
i) çè - , 3÷ø (–5, 6) kw;Wk; (–8, 8)
-1 2 -1 2 2
1 k -2 k -2 jPu;t[:
= 22 = 44
1
2 7 4 7 4 æç - , 3ö÷ (–5, 6) kw;Wk; (–8, 8)
Pa

-1 2 -1 2 è 2 ø 1
x1 y1 - 3
2
{(2 + 4k + 14) – (2k – 14 – 4)} 44= 1 x2 y2 1 -5 6
2 + 4k + 14 – 2k + 14 + 4 44= ∆ d; gug;g[ = =
2 x3 y3 2 -8 8
2k + 34 44= x1 y1 1
- 3
w.

2k =
44 – 34 2
2k 10= 1
= [(–3–40–24) – (–15–48–4)]
10 2
vdnt k = =5 1
2 = [(–67) – (–67)] = 0
2
ww

4. 
fPH;f;fz;l g[s;spfshy; mikf;fg;gLk; bfhLf;fg;gl;l @d;W g[s;spfs; xnu
Kf;nfhzj;jpd; gug;g[ fhz;f. neh;nfhl;oy; mika[k;.
jPu;t[: ii. (a, b+c), (b, c+a) kw;Wk; (c, a+b)
i. (1, –1), (–4, 6) kw;Wk; (–3, –5)
jPu;t[:
x1 y1 1 -1 x1 y1 a b+c
1 x2 y2 1 -4 6 1 x2 y2 1 b c+a
∆ d; gug;g[ = = ∆d; gug;g[ = =
2 x3 y3 2 -3 -5 2 x3 y3 2 c a+b
x1 y1 1 -1 x1 y1 a b+c

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

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43
1 x1 y1 p p
= [(ac +a2 + ab + b2 + bc + c2 ) –
2 (b2 + bc + c2 + ca + a2 + ab] 1 x y2 1 5 6
2 = 32 = 32
1 2 x3 y3 2 5 -2
= [ac + a2 + ab + b2 + bc + c2 – b2 – bc
2 – c2 – ca – a2 – ab] x1 y1 p p
1 p p
= [0] = 0
2 5 6

et
khw;WKiw: = 64
5 -2
(a, b+c), (b, c+a), (c, a+b)
p p
x1, y1 x2, y2 x3, y3
(6p–10+5p) – (5p+30–2p) = 64

i.N
1 x1 - x2 x1 - x3
∆d; gug;g[ = 6p – 10 + 5p – 5p – 30 + 2p = 64
2 y1 - y2 y1 - y3 8p – 40 = 64
1 a-b a-c 8p = 64 + 40
= 8p = 104
2 b+c-c-a b+c-a-b
104
p =

la
1 a-b a-c 8
=
2 - ( a - b) - ( a - c ) p = 13
1 7. 
bfhLf;fg;gl;l g[s;spfs; xU nfhl;oy;
= [(a–b) (a–c) + (a–b) (a–c)]
sa
2 mike;jit vdpy;/ ‘a’ ?apd; kjpg;igf;
1 fhz;f.
= [0] = 0
2 (2, 3), (4, a) kw;Wk; (6, –3)
b
 fhLf;fg;gl;l @d;W g[s;spfs; xnu jPu;t[:
neh;nfhl;oy; mika[k;.
∆ = 0 r.m
da
6. 
thpirapy; mike;j Kf;nfhzj;jpd; x1 y1 2 3
Kidg;g[s;spfSk;/ mjd; gug;gst[fSk; x y2 4 a
ml;ltizapy; bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. ‘p’ 2 =0 =0
x3 y3 6 -3
?apd; kjpg;igf; fhz;f. 2 3
x1 y1
Pa

gug;g[
vz; Kidg; g[s;spfs; [(2a – 12 + 18) – (12 + 6a – 6)] = 0
(rJu myfpy;)
2a – 12 + 18 – 12 – 6a + 6 = 0
(i) (0, 0), (p, 8), (6, 2) 20 –4a = 0
(ii) (p, p), (5, 6), (5, –2) 32 a = 0
jPu;t[: 5 kjpg;bgz;fs;
w.

i. A (0, 0), B (p, 8), C (6, 2) 1. 

Xh; miwapd; jskhdJ xnu khjphpahd
∆ABCd; gug;g[ = 20 r.m Kf;nfhz totj; jiu XLfisf; bfhz;L
0 0 (tiles) mikf;fg;gLfpwJ. mjpy; Xh; Xl;od;
x1 y1
Kidfs; (–3, 2) , (–1, –1) kw;Wk; (1, 2)
1 x y2 1 p 8
2 = 20 = 20 MFk;. jiuj;jsj;ij KGikahf mikf;f
ww

2 x3 y3 2 6 2 110 XLfs; njitg;gLfpd;wJ. vdpy; mjd;

x1 y1 0 0 gug;igf; fhz;f.
(0+2p+0) – (0+48+0) = 40 jPu;t[:
2p – 48 = 40 Xh; Xl;od; Kidg; g[s;spfs; (–3, 2), (–1, –1)
2p = 88 kw;Wk; (1, 2) MFk;.
p = 44 -3 2
1 -1 -1
ii. A (p, p), B (5, 6), C (5, –2) Δ d; gug;g[ =
2 1 2
∆d; gug;g[ = 32 r.m -3 2

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10 Ý‹ õ°Š¹ - èEî‹
44
1 `1300 brythFk; vd kjpg;gplg;gLfpwJ
Xl;od; gug;g[ = {(3–2+2) – (–2–1–6)}
2 vdpy;/ thfd epWj;jk; Vw;gLj;Jtjw;Fj;
1 1 njitahd bkhj;jr; bryitf;
= [3 – (–9)] = [3 + 9]
2 2 fzf;fplt[k;.
1 jPu;t[:
= (12) = 6 r.myFfs;
2
jiuj;jskhdJ xnu khjphpahd 110

et
XLfshy; epug;gg;gLtjhy;/
jiuj;jsj;jpd; gug;g[ = 110 × 6
= 660 r.myFfs;

i.N
2. (8, 6), (5, 11), (–5, 12) kw;Wk; (–4, 3) Mfpa
g[s;spfis Kidfshff; bfhz;l
ehw;fuj;jpd; gug;igf; fhz;f. Mf.22
jPu;t[:
A (2, 2), B (5, 5), C (4, 9) kw;Wk; D (1, 7)

la
vd;gJ ehw;fu tot thfd epWj;jj;jpd;
Kidg; g[s;spfs; MFk;.
vdnt/ thfd epWj;jj;jpd; gug;g[
sa x1 y1 2 2
x2 y2 5 5
1 1
3 x y3 = 4 9
2 2
x4 y4 1 7
ehw;fuj;jpd; gug;igf; fhz;gjw;F Kd;ghf
x1 y1 2 2
da
bfhLf;fg;gl;l g[s;spfis tiuglj;jpy;
Fwpf;f ntz;Lk;. 1
= [(10 + 45 + 28 + 2) – (10 + 20 + 9 + 14)]
A (8, 6), B (5, 11), C (–5, 12) kw;Wk; D (–4, 3) 2
1 1
vd;gd Kidg; g[s;spfs; MFk;. vdnt/ = [85 – 53] = [32] = 16 rJu mofs;
ehw;fuk; ABCD?apd; gug;g[ 2 2
vdnt/ thfd epWj;jj;jpd; gug;g[ = 16 rJu
x1 y1 8 6
Pa

mofs;.
x2 y2 5 11 xU rJu mo mikf;f MFk; bryt[ = `1300
1 1
x3 y3 = -5 12 Mifahy;/ thfd epWj;jk; mikf;f MFk;
2 2
x4 y4 -4 3 bkhj;jr; bryt[ = 16 × 1300 = ` 20800
x1 y1 8 6 4. 
bfhLf;fg;gl;l g[s;spfis Kidfshff;
w.

1 bfhz;l ehw;fuj;jpd; gug;igf; fhz;f.

= [(88 + 60 – 15 – 24) – (30 –55 – 48 + 24)]
2 jPu;t[:
1
= [88 + 60 – 15 – 24 – 30 + 55 + 48 – 24] (i) (–9, –2), (–8, –4), (2, 2) kw;Wk; (1, –3)
2
1
= [88 + 60 + 55 + 48 – 15 – 24 – 30 –24]
ww

2
1
= [251–93] A D
2 (2, 2)
1 (–9, –2)
= [158] = 79 r.myFfs;
2 C (1, –3)

3. 
bfhLf;fg;gl;l glkhdJ xU tshfj;jpy; B (–8, –4)

g[jpa thfd epWj;jk; Vw;gLj;j A (–9, –2), B (–8, –4), C (1, –3), D (2, 2)

mikf;fg;gl;l gFjpiaf; fhl;LfpwJ. vd;f.
,ij mikg;gjw;F xU rJu mof;F
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

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45
ehw;fuj;jpd; gug;g[ 1 -8 - (-6) -9 - (-1)
=
x1 y1 -9 -2 2 6 - (-3) 0 - (-2)
x y2 -8 -4
1 2 1 1 -8 + 6 -9 + 1 1 -2 -8
= x y3 = 1 -3 = =
2 3 2 2 6+3 0+2 2 9 2
x4 y4 2 2 1 1
x1 y1 -9 -2 = [–4 + 72] = [68] = 34 r.myFfs;
2 2

et
1
= [(36 + 24 + 2 – 4) – (16 – 4 – 6 – 18)] (–4, –2), (–3, k), (3, –2) kw;Wk; (2, 3)
5. 
2
1 Mfpatw;iw Kidfshff; bfhz;l
= [(36 + 24 + 2 + 4 + 6 + 18) – (4 + 16)] ehw;fuj;jpd; gug;g[ 28 r.myFfs; vdpy;/
2

i.N
1 1 k?apd; kjpg;g[f; fhz;f. brg;.20
= [90 – (20)] = [70] = 35 r.m jPu;t[:
2 2
ii. (–9, 0), (–8, 6), (–1, –2) kw;Wk; (–6, –3) -4 -2
A
-3 k
(–8, 6) 1
3 -2 = 28
2

la
2 3
B
-4 -2
(–9, 0)
(–4k + 6 + 9 – 4) – (6 + 3k – 4 –12) = 56
sa D
(–1, –2) –4k + 6 + 9 – 4 – 6 – 3k + 4 + 12 = 56
C (–6, –3) –7k + 21 = 56
A (–8, 6), B (–9, 0), C (–6, –3), D (–1, –2) –7k = 56–21
–7k = 35
ehw;fuj;jpd; gug;g[
35
k = = –5
da
x1 y1 -8 6 -7
x2 y2 -9 0 khw;WKiw:
1 1
= x y3 = -6 -3 (4, –2), (–3, k), (3, –2), (2, 3)
2 3 2
x4 y4 -1 -2 x1, y1 x2, y2 x3, y3 x4, y4
x1 y1 -8 6 ehw;fuj;jpd; gug;g[
Pa

1 x1 y1
= [(0 + 27 + 12 – 6) – (–54 + 0 + 3+ 16)]
2 x2 y2
1 1
= [27 + 12 – 6 + 54 – 3 – 16] x y3 = 28
2 2 3
x4 y4
1
= [(27 + 12 + 54) – (6 + 3 + 16)] x1 y1
w.

2
1 1 1 x - x x2 - x4
= [93–25] = [68] = 34 r.m 1 3 = 28
2 2 2 y1 - y3 y2 - y4
khw;WKiw:
1 -4 - 3 -3 - 2
A(–8, 6), B(–9, 0), C(–6, –3), D(–1, –2) = 28
2 -2 - (-2) k - 3
ww

x1, y1 x2, y2 x3, y3 x4, y4

ehw;fuj;jpd; gug;g[ -7 -5
= 56
x1 y1 0 k -3
x2 y2 –7(k – 3) + 0 =
56
1 1 x1 - x3 x2 - x4 –7k + 21 =
56
= x3 y3 =
2 2 y1 - y3 y2 - y4 –7k =
56 – 21
x4 y4
–7k =
35
x1 y1
k = 35 = –5
-7

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10 Ý‹ õ°Š¹ - èEî‹
46
A (–3, 9), B (a, b) kw;Wk; C (4, –5) vd;gd
6. 
xU nfhlike;j g[s;spfs; kw;Wk; if a + b = 1 6. K¡nfhzÉaš
vdpy;, a kw;Wk; b?apd; kjpg;igf; fhz;f. 2 kjpg;bgz;fs;
jPu;t[: sinA 1 - cosA
A (–3, 9), B (a, b), C (4, –5) vd;gd xU
 1. = vd;gij epqgpf;ft[k;.
1 + cosA sinA
nfhl;like;j g[s;spfs; kw;Wk;
jPu;t[:
a + b = 1  ----(1)

et
sin A sin A 1 - cos A

xnu nfhl;like;j 3 g[s;spfs; bfhz;l = ´
1 + cos A 1 + cos A 1 - cos A
Kf;nfhzj;jpd; gug;g[ = 0
x1 y1 -3 9 sin A (1 - cos A)
=
(1 + cos A)(1 - cos A)

i.N
1 x2 y2 1 a b
= =0 sin A (1 - cos A)
2 x3 y3 2 4 -5 =
-3 9 1 - cos 2 A
x1 y1
sin A (1 - cos A) 1 - cos A
(–3b – 5a + 36) – (9a + 4b + 15) = 0 = =
sin 2 A sin A
–5a – 3b + 36 – 9a – 4b – 15 = 0

la
–14a – 7b + 21 = 0 cot 2q
2. 1+ = cosecθ vd;gij epqgpf;ft[k;.
–14a – 7b = –21 1 + cosecq
jPu;t[:
14a + 7b = 21 (÷7)
sa cot 2 q cosec 2q - 1
2a + b = 3----(2) 1+ = 1+
1 + cosecq cosecq + 1
bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ a + b = 1 ----(1) [ cosec2θ – 1 = cot2θ]
(1) – (2) a = 2 b = –1
= 1+
(cosecq + 1)(cosecq - 1)
A (–5, –4), B (1, 6) kw;Wk; C (7, –4) Mfpatw;iw
7.  cosecq + 1
da
Kidg; g[s;spfshff; bfhz;l Kf;nfhz = 1+(cosecθ – 1) = cosecθ
totf; fz;zhof;F th;zk; g{rg;gLfpwJ.
6 rJu mo gug;g[f;F th;zk; g{r xU thsp 1 + cosq
3. = cosecθ + cotθ vd;gij
njitg;gLfpwJ vdpy; fz;zhoapd; 1 - cosq
KGg; gFjpiaa[k; xU Kiw th;zk; g{r epqgpf;ft[k;.
Pa

vj;jid thspfs; njitg;gLk;> jPu;t[:

jPu;t[:
1 + cos q 1 + cos q 1 + cos q
njitahd thspfspd; gug;gst[ = = ´
1 - cos q 1 - cos q 1 + cos q
∆ABC?d; gug;gst[
xU thspapdhy; th;zk; g{rg;gLk; = (1 + cosq )2 = (1 + cosq )2
1 - cos 2 q sin 2 q
w.

gFjpapd; gug;gst[
∆ABC?d; gug;gst[ 2
1 + cos q
æ 1 + cos q ö
x1 y1 -5 -4 çè = ÷ø = sin q
sin q
1 x2 y2 1 1 6 1 cos q
= = +
2 x3 y3 2 7 -4 sin q sin q
ww

x1 y1 -5 -4 LHS = cosecθ + cotθ

1 LHS = RHS
= [(–30 – 4 – 28) – (–4 + 42 + 20)]
2 4. 
gpd;tUk; Kw;bwhUikfis epqgpf;ft[k;.
1 1
= [–30 – 4 – 28 + 4 – 42 – 20] = [–120] jPu;t[:
2 2
= + 60 r.m cotθ + tanθ = secθ cosecθ
i.
60 LHS = cotθ + tanθ
thspfspd; vz;zpf;if = = 10
6 cos q sin q
*** = +
sin q cos q
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

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47
cos 2 q + sin 2 q 7. 
jiuapypUe;J xU gl;lk; 75 kP
= cauj;jpy; gwf;fpwJ. xU E}y; bfhz;L
sin q cos q
1 jw;fhypfkhfj; jiuapd; xU g[s;spapy;
= = secθ cosecθ gl;lk fl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ. E}y; jiua[ld;
sin q cos q
Vw;gLj;Jk; rha;t[f; nfhzk; 60° vdpy;/ E}
LHS = RHS epqgpf;fg;gl;lJ. ypd; ePsk; fhz;f. (E}iy xU neh;f;nfhlhf
ii. tan4θ + tan2θ = sec4θ −sec2θ vLj;Jf;bfhs;st[k;)

et
jPu;t[: jPu;t[:
LHS = tan4θ + tan2θ = tan2θ (tan2θ + 1)
∆ABC apy; sinθ
= tan2θ (sec2θ) ( 1 + tan2θ = sec2θ)
AB
= vjph;gf;fk; =

i.N
= (sec2θ – 1)(sec2θ)
fh;zk; AC
( tan2θ = sec2θ – 1)
75
= sec4θ – sec2θ sin 60° =
AC
LHS = RHS epqgpf;fg;gl;lJ 3 75
=
5. 
gpd;tUk; Kw;bwhUikfis epqgpf;ft[k;. 2 AC

la
1 + sinq 75 ´ 2 3
= secθ tanθ brg;/20 AC = ´
1 - sinq 3 3
jPu;t[: 150 3
sa =
1 + sin q 1 + sin q 3
LHS = ´
1 - sin q 1 + sin q AC = 50 3 kP

= (1 + sin q )2 = (1 + sin q )2 fapw;wpd; ePsk; 50 3 kP

1 - sin q
2
cos q2
8. 10 3 kP cauKs;s nfhg[uj;jpd;
da
1 + sin q 1 sin q moapypUe;J 30 kP bjhiytpy; jiuapy;
= = +
cos q cos q cos q cs;s xU g[s;spapypUe;J nfhg[uj;jpd;
= secθ + tanθ = RHS cr;rpapd; Vw;wf;nfhzj;ijf; fhz;f.
LHS = RHS epqgpf;fg;gl;lJ. jPu;t[:  brg;/21 Mf.22
6. 
xU nfhg[uk; jiuf;Fr; br=;Fj;jhf cs;sJ. ∆ABC y;
Pa

nfhg[uj;jpd; mog;gFjpapypUe;J jiuapy; vjph;gf;fk;

tanθ =
48 kP/ bjhiytpy; cs;s xU g[s;spapypUe;J mLj;Js;s gf;fk;
nfhg[u cr;rpapd; Vw;wf;nfhzk; 30° vdpy;/ 10 3
nfhg[uj;jpd; cauj;ijf; fhz;f. tan θ =
30
3 3
tan θ = tan θ =
w.

3 3 3
1
tan θ = θ = 30°
3
jPu;t[:
9. 
xU rhiyapd; ,Ug[wKk; ,ilbtspna
ww

vjph;gf;fk; PQ
∆PQRy; tanθ = = ,y;yhky; thpirahf tPLfs; bjhlh;r;rpahf
mLj;Js;s gf;fk; QR cs;sd. mtw;wpd; cauk; 4 3 kP. ghjrhhp
h 1 h xUth; rhiyapd; ikag; gFjpapy;
tan 30° = =
48 3 48 epd;Wbfhz;L thpirahf cs;s tPLfis
48 3
nehf;Ffpwhh;. 30° Vw;wf;nfhzj;jpy; ghjrhhp
48 3
h = ´ = = 16 3 tPl;od; cr;rpia nehf;Ffpwhh; vdpy;/
3 3 3
rhiyapd; mfyj;ijf; fhz;f.
h = 16 3 kP

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10 Ý‹ õ°Š¹ - èEî‹
48
jPu;t[: 11. 50 3 kP cauKs;s xU ghiwapd;
cr;rpapypUe;J 30° ,wf;ff;nfhzj;jpy;
jiuapYs;s kfpGe;J xd;W ghh;f;fg;
gLfpwJ vdpy;/ kfpGe;jpw;Fk; ghiwf;Fk;
,ilnaa[s;s bjhiyitf; fhz;f.

glj;jpypUe;J/ jPu;t[:  nk 22

et
BC - tPL/ AB - rhiyapd; mfyk;/ ∆ABC apy;,
P - rhiyapd; ikag;gFjp vjph;gf;fk;
AP = PB = x tanθ =
BC
mLj;Js;s gf;fk;
∆PBC-y;, tan30° =

i.N
PB 50 3
tan 30° =
4 3 1 4 3 KC
tan30° = = 1 50 3
PB 3 PB =
PB = 4 3 × 3 3 KC
= 4 ×3 = 12 KC = 50 3 × 3
= 50 (3) = 150 kP

la
rhiyapd; mfyk; = AP + PB = 12 + 12
= 24 kP 12. ,uz;L fl;ll=;fSf;F ,ilg;gl;l
10. 20 kP cauKs;s fl;llj;jpd; cr;rpapy; fpilkl;lj; bjhiyt[ 70 kP MFk;.
sa
xU tpisahl;L tPuh; mkh;e;Jbfhz;L ,uz;lhtJ fl;llj;jpd; cr;rpapypUe;J
jiuapYs;s xU ge;ij 60° ,wf;ff; Kjy; fl;llj;jpd; cr;rpf;F cs;s
nfhzj;jpy; fhz;fpwhh; vdpy;/ fl;ll ,wf;ff;nfhzk; 45° MFk;. ,uz;lhtJ
mog;gFjpf;Fk; ge;jpw;Fk; ,ilnaa[s;s fl;llj;jpd; cauk; 120 kP vdpy; Kjy;
bjhiyitf; fhz;f. ( 3 = 1.732) fl;llj;jpd; cauj;ijf; fhz;f.
( 3 = 1.732)
da
jPu;t[:
Pa

jPu;t[: 
fl;olj;jpd; cauk; BC = 20 kP vd;f. CD - Kjy; fl;olk;
jiuapy; ge;J ,Uf;Fk; ,lj;ij A vd;f. AB - ,uz;lhtJ fl;olk;
XCA = 60° = CAB glj;jpypUe;J AB = 120 kP
w.

br=;nfhz Kf;nfhzk; ABCapy;, EB = CD = x, AE=120 – x,

BC EC = BD = 70 kP
tan θ = vjph;gf;fk;
AB ∆ACEapy;, tanθ =
mLj;Js;s gf;fk;
20 20
tan 60° = 3 = AE
ww

AB AB tan 45° =
20 EC
3
AB = ×
3 3 1 = 120 - x
70
20 ´ 1.732
AB = 20 3 = 120 – x = 70 kP
3 3
34.640 x = 50 kP
= = 11.54 kP
3
vdnt fl;olj;jpd; mof;Fk; ge;jpw;Fk; ***
,ilg;gl;l bjhiyt[ = 11.55 kP
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

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49
4. 
,U nfhs=;fspd; Mu=;fspd; tpfpjk; 4 : 7
7. msÉaš vdpy;/ mtw;wpd; fd mst[fspd; tpfpjk;
2 kjpg;bgz;fs; fhz;f.
jPu;t[:
1. xU Tk;gpd; ,ilf;fz;lr; rha[auk; ,U nfhs=;fspd; Mu=;fspd; tpfpjk; = 4 : 7
5 br.kP MFk;. mjd; ,U Mu=;fs; 4 br.kP
nfhsk;?1d; Muk; r1 = 4x,
kw;Wk; 1 br.kP vdpy;/ ,ilf;fz;lj;jpd;

et
tisgug;igf; fhz;f. nfhsk;?2d; Muk; r2 = 7x,
fd mst[fspd; tpfpjk;
jPu;t[: 4 3
l = 5 br.kP/ R = 4 br.kP/ r = 1 br.kP p r1 (4 x)3
r3 43 ´ x 3
= 3 = 13 = =

i.N
,ilf;fz;lj;jpd; tisgug;g[ 4 3 r2 (7 x)3 73 ´ x 3
p r2
= π (R + r) l r.m 3
22 43 64
= (4+1) × 5 = 3 =
7 7 343
22 ´ 5 ´ 5 550 fd mst[fspd; tpfpjk; 64 : 343
= =
7 7 5. 

la
xU jpz;kf; nfhsk; kw;Wk; jpz;k
= 78.57 r.br.kP miuf;nfhsj;jpd; bkhj;jg; gug;g[
2. 
Xh; cUisapd; Muk; kw;Wk; cau=;fspd; rkkhdjhf ,Uf;Fkhdhy; mtw;wpd; fd
tpfpjk; 5 : 7 MFk;. mjd; tisgug;g[ 5500
sa mst[fspd; tpfpjk; 3 3 : 4 vd epqgp.
r.br.kP vdpy;/ cUisapd; Muk; kw;Wk; jPu;t[:
cauk; fhz;f. Mf.22 jpz;kf; nfhsj;jpd; bkhj;j gug;gst[ =
jPu;t[:  jpz;k miuf;nfhsj;jpd; bkhj;j gug;gst[
r : h = 5 :7 r = 5x br.kP, h = 7x br.kP 4πR2 = 3πr2
da
tisgug;g[ = 5500 r.br.kP R2 3 R 3
= =
2πrh = 5500 r 2
4 r 2
22
2× × 5x × 7x = 5500 fd mst[fspd; tpfpjk;
7 5500 4 3
x2 = pR 3 3
2 ´ 22 ´ 5 3 2R 3 éRù é 3ù
= = 3 = 2ê ú = 2ê ú
2 3
Pa

= 25 pr r ërû ë 2 û
x = 5 3
3 3
Muk; = 5 × 5 = 25 br.kP =2× 3 3 =
8 4
cauk; = 7 × 5 = 35 br.kP fd mst[fspd; tpfpjk; = 3 3 : 4
3. 
rk Mu=;fs; bfhz;l ,U Tk;g[fspd; 5 kjpg;bgz;fs;
w.

fdmst[fs; 3600 f.br.kP kw;Wk; 5040 f.br. 1. 

xU bjhHpw;rhiyapd; cnyhf thsp/
kP vdpy;/ cau=;fspd; tpfpjk; fhz;f. Tk;gpd; ,ilf;fz;l totpy; cs;sJ.
jPu;t[:  nk 22 mjd; nkw;g[w/ mog;g[w tpl;l=;fs; Kiwna
fdmst[fspd; tpfpjk; 10 kP kw;Wk; 4 kP MFk;. mjd; cauk; 4 kP
ww

1 2 1 vdpy;/ ,ilf;fz;lj;jpd; tisgug;g[

= πr h1 : πr2 h2  [ Mu=;fs; rkk;] kw;Wk; bkhj;jg; g[wg;gug;igf; fhz;f.
3 3
= h1 : h2 jPu;t[:
= 3600 : 5040 nky;tpl;lk; =10 kP
= 360 : 504 Muk; R = 5 kP
= 40 : 56 fPH;tpl;lk; = 4 kP
=5:7 Muk; r = 2 kP, cauk; h = 4 kP
rha[auk; l = h2 + ( R - r )2

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10 Ý‹ õ°Š¹ - èEî‹
50
1 r.kP f;F MFk; bryt[ ` 2
= 42 + (5 - 2) 2
th;zk g{r MFk; bryt[ = 678.86 × 2
l = 16 + 9 = 25 =5 kP
= `1357.72.
,ilf;fz;lj;jpd; tisgug;g[
= π(R +r)l r. myFfs; 3. 
cauk; 16 br.kP cila xU Tk;gpd;
22 ,ilf;fz;l totpy; mike;j bfhs;fyd;
= (5+2) × 5
xd;wpd; nkw;g[wk; jpwe;j epiyapy; cs;sJ.

et
7
22 fPH;g;g[w Muk; 8 br.kP kw;Wk; nkw;g[w Muk; 20
= ×7×5
7 br.kP bfhz;l bfhs;fydpy; KGikahfg;
= 110 kP2 ghy; epug;gg;gLfpwJ. xU ypl;lh; ghypd;

i.N
,ilf;fz;lj;jpd; bkhj;jgug;g[ tpiy ` 40 vdpy;/ epug;gg;gLk; ghypd;
 = π(R +r)l + πR2 + πr2 r. myFfs; bkhj;j tpiyiaf; fhz;f. nk 22
= π [(R+r)l + R2 + r2] jPu;t[:
22 h = 16 br.kP/ r = 8 br.kP/ R = 20 br.kP/
= [(5+2)5 + 52 + 22]
7 ,ilf;fz;lj;jpd; fdmst[

la
22
= (35 + 25 + 4) 1
7 = πh[R2 + Rr + r2] f.m
1408 3
= = 201.14 kP2 1 22
sa 7 = × × 16[202 + 20(8) + 82]
tisgug;g[ = 110 kP2 kw;Wk; 3
1 22
bkhj;jgug;g[ = 201.14 kP2 = × × 16[400 + 160 + 64]
3 7
2. 
xU nki$ tpsf;fpd; btspg;g[wj;jpw;F 22
= × × 16 × 624 = 10459 br.kP3
(nky;gFjpa[ld;) kl;Lk; th;zk; 7
da
g{rg;gLfpwJ. 1 r.br.kP th;zk; g{r ` 2 = 10.459 ypl;lh;
brythFbkdpy; tpsf;fpw;F th;zk; 1 ypl;lh; ghypd; tpiy = ` 40
g{Rtjw;fhd bkhj;jr; bryitf; fzf;fpLf. 10.459 ypl;lh; ghypd; tpiy
jPu;t[: = 10.459 × 40 = ` 418.36
Pa

glj;jpypUe;J
4. 45 br.kP cauKs;s Xh; ,ilf;fz;lj;jpd;
r = 6 kP, R = 12 kP  ,U g[w Mu=;fs; Kiwna 28 br.kP kw;Wk;
kw;Wk; h = 8 kP 7 br.kP vdpy;/ ,ilf;fz;lj;jpd; fd
Mdhy;, l = h2 + ( R - r )2 msitf; fhz;f. brg;.21
jPu;t[:
w.

= 82 + 6 2
h = 45 br.kP/ R = 28 br.kP/ r = 7 br.kP
= 64 + 36 = 100 = 10 kP ,ilfz;lj;jpd; fdmst[
l = 10 kP 1
= πh [R2 + Rr + r2] f.m
nkir tpsf;fpd; bkhj;j gug;g[ 3
ww

= n
 kir tpsf;fpd; tist[ + 1 22
= × × 45 [282 + 28 × 7 + 72]
nkw;gFjpapd; gug;g[ 3 7
1 22
= π(R + r)l + πr2 = × × 45 [784 + 196 + 49]
3 7
22 22
= × 18 × 10 + ×6×6 1 22
7 7 = × × 45 ×1029
3 7
22 22
= ×6 [30 + 6] = × 6 × 36 = 22 × 15 × 147 = 48510 br.kP3
7 7
= 678.86 kP2 ***

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

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51

8. òŸËaY« Ãfœjfî« tPr;Rf;bfG =

L-S
L+S
2 kjpg;bgz;fs; 125 - 63 62
= =
1. 
bfhLf;fg;gl;l jut[g; g[s;spfSf;F tPr;R 125 + 63 188
kw;Wk; tPr;Rf;bfG Mfpatw;iwf; fhz;f. = 0.33
25, 67, 48, 53, 18, 39, 44.
ii. 43.5, 13.6, 18.9, 38.4, 61.4, 29.8

et
jPu;t[: L = 61.4, S = 13.6
kpfg; bghpa kjpg;g[ L = 67; tPr;R/ R = L – S = 61.4 – 13.6 = 47.8
kpfr; rpwpa kjpg;g[ S = 18 L-S
tPr;R R = L − S = 67 − 18 = 49 tPr;Rf;bfG =

i.N
L+S
L-S 47.8 47.8
tPr;Rf;bfG = = =
L+S 61.4 + 13.6 75.0
67 - 18 49 = 0.64
tPr;Rf;bfG = = = 0.576
67 + 18 85
5. 
xU jutpd; tPr;R kw;Wk; kpfr; rpwpa kjpg;g[

la
2. bfhLf;fg;gl;l gutypd; tPr;R fhz;f. Mfpad Kiwna 36.8 kw;Wk; 13.4 vdpy;/
taJ 16- 18- 20- 22- 24- 26- kpfg;bghpa kjpg;igf; fhz;f.
(tUl=;fspy;) 18 20 22 24 26 28 jPu;t[:
khzth;fspd;
sa tPr;R/ R = 36.8
0 4 6 8 2 2
vz;zpf;if rpwpa kjpg;g[/ S = 13.4
jPu;t[: bghpa kjpg;g[ L = R + S
,=;F kpfg; bghpa kjpg;g[ L = 28 = 36.8 + 13.4 = 50.2
kpfr; rpwpa kjpg;g[ S = 18 6. 
bfhLf;fg;gl;l jutpd; tPr;irf; fhz;f.
da
tPr;R R = L – S R = 28 – 18 tUkhdk; 400-450 450-500 500-550
= 10 tUl=;fs; CHpah;fspd;
8 12 30
3. 
xU jutpd; tPr;R 13.67 kw;Wk; kpfg; bghpa vz;zpf;if
kjpg;g[ 70.08 vdpy; kpfr; rpwpa kjpg;igf; tUkhdk; 550-600 600-650
Pa

fhz;f. CHpah;fspd;
21 6
jPu;t[: vz;zpf;if
tPr;R/ R = 13.67 jPu;t[:
kpfg; bghpa kjpg;g[ L = 70.08 bfhLf;fg;gl;lit:
tPr;R/ R = L − S bghpa kjpg;g[/ L = 650
w.

13.67 = 70.08 −S rpwpa kjpg;g[/ S = 400

S = 70.08 −13.67 tPr;R = L – S = 650 – 400 = 250
= 56.41
7. 
Kjy; 21 ,ay; vz;fspd; jpl;l tpyf;fj;ijf;
vdnt/ kpfr; rpwpa kjpg;g[ 56.41
fhz;f.
ww

4. 
fPH;f;fhQk; jut[fSf;F tPr;R kw;Wk; tPr;Rf; jPu;t[:
bfGitf; fhz;f. 
Kjy; 21 ,ay; vz;fspd; jpl;ltpyf;fk;
(i) 63, 89, 98, 125, 79, 108, 117, 68 |brg;.20|
n2 - 1
(ii) 43.5, 13.6, 18.9, 38.4, 61.4, 29.8 σ =
12
jPu;t[: 441 - 1
= (21)2 - 1 =
i. 63, 89, 98, 125, 79, 108, 117, 68 12
12
L = 125, S = 63
= 440 = 36.66 = 6.05
tPr;R/ R = L – S = 125 – 63 = 62
12

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10 Ý‹ õ°Š¹ - èEî‹
52
8. 
xU jutpd; jpl;l tpyf;fk; 4.5 MFk;. mjpy; 12. xU jutpd; jpl;l tpyf;fk; kw;Wk;
,Uf;Fk; jut[g; g[s;sp xt;bthd;wpYk; khWghl;Lf; bfG Mfpad Kiwna 1.2
5?I fHpf;f fpilf;Fk; g[jpa jutpd; jpl;l kw;Wk; 25.6 vdpy; mjd; ruhrhpiaf; fhz;f.
tpyf;fk; fhz;f. jPu;t[:
jPu;t[: jutpd; jpl;l tpyf;fk; σ = 1.2

xU jutpd; jpl;l tpyf;fk; σ = 4.5, khWghl;Lf; bfG CV = 25.6
s

et
jut[g;g[s;sp xt;bthd;wpYk; 5I fHpf;f/ CV = × 100
fpilf;Fk; g[jpa jpl;l tpyf;fk; 4.5 MFk;. x
1.2 1200
x = s × 100 = × 100 =
9. 
xU jutpd; jpl;l tpyf;fk; 3.6 MFk;. mjd; C.V 25.6 256
xt;bthU g[s;spiaa[k; 3 My; tFf;Fk;nghJ x = 4.7

i.N
fpilf;Fk; g[jpa jutpd; jpl;ltpyf;fk;
kw;Wk; tpyf;f th;f;fr; ruhrhpiaf; fhz;f. 13. xU jutpd; ruhrhp kw;Wk; khWghl;Lf; bfG
Kiwna 15 kw;Wk; 48 vdpy; mjd; jpl;l
jPu;t[: tpyf;fj;ijf; fhz;f.

xU jutpd; jpl;ltpyf;fk; σ = 3.6 jPu;t[:
jut[g;g[s;sp xt;bthd;wpYk; 3 My;

la
jutpd; ruhrhp x = 15
3.6
tFf;Fk;nghJ fpilg;gJ = =1.2 khWghl;Lf; bfG C.V. = 48
3 s
mjhtJ g[jpa jpl;ltpyf;fk; = 1.2 CV = × 100
sa x
C.V ´ x 48 ´ 15
g[jpa tpyf;f th;f;f ruhrhp = (1.2)2 jpl;l tpyf;fk; σ =
=
100 100
σ2 = 1.44 720
= = 7.2
10. jutpd; ruhrhpahdJ 25.6 kw;Wk; mjd; 100
khWghl;Lf; bfGthdJ 18.75 vdpy;/ 14. n = 5, x = 6, Σx2 = 765, vdpy;/ khWghl;Lf;
da
mjd; jpl;l tpyf;fj;ijf; fhz;f. bfGitf; fhz;f.
jPu;t[: jPu;t[:
ruhrhp x = 25.6 n = 5, x = 6 , Σx2 = 765
khWghl;Lf; bfG C.V. = 18.75 2
s jpl;l tpyf;fk; σ = Sx 2 æ Sx ö
Pa

C.V = × 100 -ç ÷
x n è nø
s 765
18.75 = × 100 - (6) = 153 - 36 = 117
2
=
25.6 5
= 10.8
18.75 ´ 25.6
σ = = 4.8 khWghl;Lf;bfG
100
w.

s 10.8
11. xU jutpd; jpl;l tpyf;fk; kw;Wk; ruhrhp CV = × 100% = × 100
x 6
Mfpad Kiwna 6.5 kw;Wk; 12.5 vdpy; 1080
khWghl;Lf; bfGitf; fhz;f. = = 180%
6
jPu;t[:
15. xU igapy; 5 ePy epwg;ge;JfSk;/ 4 gr;ir
ww

s
khWghl;Lf; bfG C.V. = × 100 epwg;ge;JfSk; cs;sd. igapypUe;J
x
jutpd; jpl;l tpyf;fk; σ = 6.5 rktha;g;g[ Kiwapy; xU ge;J
ruhrhp x =12.5 vLf;fg;gLfpwJ. vLf;fg;gLk; ge;jhdJ (i)
khWghl;Lf; bfG ePykhf (ii) ePykhf ,y;yhky; ,Ug;gjw;fhd
epfH;jfitf; fhz;f.
s 6.5
CV = × 100 = × 100 jPu;t[:
x 12.5
6500 bkhj;j tha;g;g[fspd; vz;zpf;if
= = 52 % n(S) = 5 + 4 = 9
125

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

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53
i. A vd;gJ ePy epwg;ge;ij bgWtjw;fhd n(S) = 7
epfH;r;rp vd;f. A vd;gJ 53?tJ rdpf;fpHik fpilf;Fk;
 A epfH;tjw;fhd tha;g;g[fspd; epfH;r;rp vd;f.
vz;zpf;if n(A) = 5 vdnt A = {bts;sp?rdp/ rdp?+hapW}
ePy epwg; ge;J fpilg;gjw;fhd n(A) = 2
n(A) 5 53 rdpf;fpHikfs; fpilg;gjw;fhd
epfH;jft[/ P(A) = =
n(S) 9 n(A) 2

et
epfH;jfthdJ P(A) = =
ii. 
A MdJ ePy epwg;ge;J fpilf;fhky; n(S) 7
,Uf;Fk; epfH;r;rp/ vdnt/
5 4 19. xU gfil cUl;lg;gLk; mnj neuj;jpy;
P(A) = 1− P(A) = 1− = xU ehzaKk; Rz;lg;gLfpwJ. gfilapy;

i.N
9 9
xw;iwg;gil vz; fpilg;gjw;Fk;/
16. ,uz;L ehza=;fs; xd;whfr; Rz;lg; ehzaj;jpy; jiyf; fpilg;gjw;Fkhd
gLfpd;wd. ,uz;L ehza=;fspYk; epfH;jfitf; fhz;f. brg;.21
btt;ntW Kf=;fs; fpilg;gjw;fhd jPu;t[:
epfH;jft[ vd;d> nk 22

la
jPu;t[:
,uz;L ehza=;fs; Rz;lg;gLk;bghGJ
mjd; TWbtspahdJ
S = {HH, HT,TH,TT}; n (S) = 4
sa
A MdJ ehza=;fspy; btt;ntW Kf=;fs;
bfhz;l epfH;r;rp vd;f.
A = {HT,TH}; n(A) = 2
n(A)
P(A) = = 2=1 TWbtsp
da
n(S) 4 2 S = {1H, 1T, 2H, 2T, 3H, 3T, 4H, 4T, 5H, 5T,
17. xU ehzak; @d;W Kiw Rz;lg;gLfpwJ. 6H, 6T}
,uz;L mLj;jLj;j g{f;fs; fpilg;gjw;fhd n(S) = 12
epfH;jft[ vd;d> A MdJ xw;iwg;gil vz; kw;Wk; jiy
fpilg;gjw;fhd epfH;r;rp vd;f.
Pa

jPu;t[:
S = {HHH, HHT, HTH, THH, HTT, THT, A = {1H, 3H, 5H}; n(A) = 3
TTH, TTT} n(A) 3 1
P(A) = = =
n(S) = 8 n(S) 12 4
epfH;r;rp A:
20. P(A) = 0.37, P(B) = 0.42 , P(A B) = 0.09
mLj;jLj;J g{ tpH epfH;r;rp
w.

vdpy;/ P(A B) If; fhz;f.

= {HTT, TTH, TTT}
jPu;t[:
n(A) = 3
P(A) = 0.37 , P(B) = 0.42 , P(A B) = 0.09
n(A) 3
P(A) = = P(A B) = P(A) + P(B) − P(A B)
n(S) 8
ww

P(A B) = 0.37 + 0.42 − 0.09 = 0.7

18. xU bel;lhz;oy; (leap year) 53
rdpf;fpHikfs; fpilg;gjw;fhd epfH;jft[ 2 2 1
21. P(A) = , P(B) = , P(A B) = vdpy;
vd;d> 3 5 3
P(A B) fhz;f.
jPu;t[:
jPu;t[:
S = {+hapW?jp=;fs;/ jp=;fs;?brt;tha;/
2 2 1
brt;tha;?g[jd;/ g[jd;?tpahHd;/ P(A) =
, P(B) = , P(A B) =
tpahHd;?bts;sp/ bts;sp?rdp/ 3 5 3
rdp?+hapW} P(A B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A B)

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10 Ý‹ õ°Š¹ - èEî‹
54
2 2 1 10 + 6 - 5 ii. B MdJ Kf kjpg;g[fspd; TLjy; 10 ?I tpl
= + – = bghpa vz;zhf ,Ug;gjw;fhd epfH;r;rp
3 5 3 15
11 vd;f.
P(A B) =
B = {(5, 6), (6, 5), (6, 6)}; n(B) = 3
15
n(B) 3 1
5 kjpg;bgz;fs; P(B) = = =
n(S) 36 12
1. Kjy; n ,ay; vz;fspd; ruhrhp kw;Wk; iii. 
C MdJ Kf kjpg;g[fspd; TLjy; 13?I

et
tpyf;f th;f;fr; ruhrhpfisf; fhz;f. tpl Fiwthf ,Ug;gjw;fhd epfH;r;rp vd;f.
jPu;t[: vdnt C = S.
jut[g; g[s;spfspd; TLjy; kjpg;g[
ruhrhp x = Mfnt/ n(C) = n(S) = 36
36
P(C) = n(C) =
jut[g; g[s;spfspd; vz;zpf;if
=1

i.N
Sxi 1 + 2 + 3 + ... + n n(n + 1) n(S) 36
= = =
n n 2´n 3. 
glj;jpy; fhl;oa[s;s mk;g[f;Fwp RHw;Wk;
n +1
x= tpishal;oy; 1, 2, 3, …12 vd;w vz;fs;
2
rktha;g;g[ Kiwapy; fpilf;f tha;g;g[s;sJ.
tpyf;f th;f;fr; ruhrhp σ2
mk;g[f;FwpahdJ. (i) 7 (ii) gfh vz;
Sxi 2 = 12 + 22 + 32 + ... + n 2

la
2 2
= Sxi - æç Sxi ö÷ (iii) gF vz; Mfpatw;wpy; epw;gjw;fhd
n è n ø (Sx )2 = (1 + 2 + 3 + ... + n) 2 epfH;jft[fisf; fz;lwpf.
i
2
n(n + 1)(2n + 1) n(n + 1)
= sa -
6´n 2´n
n + 1 é 2n + 1 n + 1 ù
= -
2 êë 3 2 úû
n + 1 é 4n + 2 - 3n - 3 ù
jPu;t[:
= TWbtsp S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,
2 êë 6 úû
da
tpyf;fth;f;fr; ruhrhp 10, 11, 12}
n + 1 é n - 1ù n2 - 1 n(S) = 12
σ2 = =
2 êë 6 úû 12 i. A MdJ/ mk;g[f;Fwp vz; 7?y;
2. 
,uz;L gfilfs; cUl;lg;gLfpd;wd. epw;gjw;fhd epfH;r;rp vd;f. n(A)=1
n(A)
fpilf;fg;bgWk; Kf kjpg;g[fspd; TLjy; P(A) = = 1
Pa

(i) 4 ?f;Fr; rkkhf (ii) 10?I tplg; bghpjhf n(S) 12

(iii) 13?I tplf; Fiwthf ,Ug;gjw;fhd ii. 
B MdJ mk;g[f;Fwp gfh vz;zpy;
epfH;jft[ fhz;f. brg;.21 epw;gjw;fhd epfH;r;rp vd;f.
B = {2, 3, 5, 7, 11}; n(B) = 5
jPu;t[:
n(B) 5
,uz;L gfilfs; cUl;lg;gLk;bghGJ/ P(B) = =
n(S) 12
w.

TWbtspahdJ
S = { ( 1 , 1 ) , ( 1 , 2 ) , ( 1 , 3 ) , ( 1 , 4 ) , ( 1 , 5 ) , ( 1 , 6 ) iii. C mdJ mk;g[f;Fwp gF vz;zpy;
(2,1),(2,2),(2,3),(2,4),(2,5),(2,6) epw;gjw;fhd epfH;r;rp vd;f.
(3,1),(3,2),(3,3),(3,4),(3,5),(3,6) C = {4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12}; n(C) = 6
(4,1),(4,2),(4,3),(4,4),(4,5),(4,6) n(C) 6 1
ww

P(C) = = =
(5,1),(5,2),(5,3),(5,4),(5,5),(5,6) n(S) 12 2
(6,1),(6,2),(6,3),(6,4),(6,5),(6,6)};
vd ,Uf;Fk;. vdnt n(S) = 36 xU rktha;g;g[r; nrhjidapy; xU epfH;r;rp A
4. 
vd;f. ,=;F P(A) : P( A ) = 17:15 kw;Wk; n(S)
i. 
A MdJ Kf kjpg;g[fspd; TLjy; 4?Mf
= 640 vdpy; (i) P( A ) (ii) n(A)?If; fhz;f.
,Ug;gjw;fhd epfH;r;rp vd;f.
A = {(1, 3), (2, 2), (3, 1)}; n(A)= 3 jPu;t[:
n(A) 3 1 P(A) 17
P(A) = = = =
n(S) 36 12 P(A) 15

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55
1 - P(A) 17 iv. D = K
 f kjpg;g[fspd; TLjy; 1Mf
= ,Uf;f epfH;r;rp vd;f.
P(A) 15
n(D)
15[1–P(A )] = 17P(A ) n(D) = 0; P(D) = =0
n(S)
15–15P(A )
= 17P(A )
15
= 15P(A ) + 17P(A ) 6. 
@d;W rPuhd ehza=;fs; Kiwahf xnu
neuj;jpy; Rz;lg;gLfpd;wd.
32P(A )= 15

et
(i) midj;Jk; jiyahff; fpilf;f
15
P(A ) = (ii) Fiwe;jgl;rk; xU g{ fpilf;f
32 (iii) mjpfgl;rk; xU jiy fpilf;f
P(A) = 1 – P(A ) (iv) mjpfgl;rk; ,uz;L g{f;fs; fpilf;f
15 32 - 15 17

i.N
= 1– = = Mfpatw;wpw;fhd epfH;jft[fisf;
32 32 32 fhz;f.
n(A) 17 n(A)
P(A) = = = jPu;t[:
n(S) 32 640
 S = {HHH, HHT, HTH, THH, TTT, TTH,
17 ´ 640
n(A) = THT, HTT}
32
n(S) = 2×2×2 = 8

la
n(A) = 340
i. A = midj;Jk; jiy fpilf;fk; epfH;r;rp
5. 
,uz;L rPuhd gfilfs; Kiwahf xnu vd;f.
neuj;jpy; cUl;lg;gLfpd;wd.
sa A = {HHH} n(A) = 1
(i) ,
 uz;L gfilfspYk; xnu Kf kjpg;g[ n(A) 1
P(A) = =
fpilf;f n(S) 8
(ii) K
 f kjpg;g[fspd; bgUf;fw;gyd; gfh ii. B = F
 iwe;jgl;rk; xU g{ fpilf;Fk;
vz;zhff; fpilf;f epfH;r;rp vd;f.
(iii) K
 f kjpg;g[fspd; TLjy; gfh vz;zhff; B = {HHT, HTH, THH, TTT, TTH, THT, HTT}
da
fpilf;f n(B) 7
(iv) K f kjpg;g[fspd; TLjy; 1Mf ,Uf;f n(B) = 7 P(B) = =
n(S) 8
 brg;.20 Mf.22
jPu;t[: iii. C = m
 jpfgl;rk; xU jiy fpilf;Fk;
n(S) = 36
epfH;r;rp vd;f.
Pa

i. A = ,  uz;L gfilapk; xnu Kfk; C = {TTT, TTH, THT, HTT}

n(C) 4 1
fpilf;Fk; epfH;r;rp vd;f. n(C) = 4 P(C) = = =
n(S) 8 2
A = {(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4), (5, 5), (6, 6)}
n(A) 6 1 iv. D = m
 jpfgl;rk; ,U g{f;fs; fpilf;fk;
n(A) = 6; P(A) = = = epfH;r;rp vd;f.
n(S) 36 6
D = {TTH, THT, HTT, HHT, HTH, THH, HHH}
w.

B = K  f kjpg;g[fspd; bgUf;fw;gyd; gfh

n(D) 7
vz;zhf ,Ug;gjw;fhd epfH;r;rp n(D) = 7 P(D) = =
vd;f. n(S) 8
ii. B = {(1,2), (1,3), (1,5), (2,1), (3,1), (5,1)} 7. 
xU igapy; 5 rptg;g[ epwg;ge;JfSk;/
n(B) 6 1 6 bts;is epwg;ge;JfSk;/ 7 gr;ir
n(B) = 6; P(B) = = =
ww

n(S) 36 6 epwg;ge;JfSk;/ 8 fUg;g[ epwg;ge;JfSk;

iii. C = K
 f kjpg;g[fspd; TLjy; gfh
cs;sd. rktha;g;g[ Kiwapy; igapypUe;J
vz;zhf fpilf;Fk; epfH;r;rp vd;f. xU ge;J vLf;fg;gLfpwJ me;jg; ge;J
(i) bts;is
C ={(1,1), (2,1), (1,2), (1,4), (4,1), (1,6),
(ii) fUg;g[ my;yJ rptg;g[
(6,1), (2,3), (2,5), (3,2), (3,4), (4,3),
(iii) bts;isahf ,y;yhky;
(5,2), (5,6), (6,5)}
(iv) bts;isahft[k;/ fUg;ghft[k;
n(C) 15
n(C) = 14; P(C) = = = 5 ,y;yhky; ,Ug;gjw;fhd
n(S) 36 12 epfH;jft[fisf; fhz;f. Mf.22

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56
jPu;t[: btspna brt;tfj;jpw;Fs; tpGe;jhy;
S = {5 rp, 6 bt, 7 g, 8 f} mijj; njhy;tpahft[k; fUjg;gLfpwJ.
n(S) = 26 tpisahl;oy; btw;wp bfhs;tjw;fhd
i. A vd;gJ bts;is epw ge;J vd;f. epfH;jft[ vd;d> (π = 3.14)
6 3
n(A) = 6; P(A) = =
26 13

et
ii. B vd;gJ fUg;g[ (m) rpfg;g[ epw ge;J
vd;f.
13 1
n(B) = 8 + 5 = 13; P(B) = =
26 2

i.N
iii. C vd;gJ bts;is epw ge;J ,y;iy jPu;t[:
vd;f. bkhj;j gug;gst[ = 4 × 3 = 12 r.m
20 10
n(C) = 20; P(C) = = n(S) = 12
26 13

btw;wp bgWk; gug;gst[ = tl;lj;jpd; gug;g[
iv. D vd;gJ bts;is my;yJ fUg;g[ epw
ge;J vd;f. = πr2 = π(1)2 = π = 3.14 r.m
12 6 mjhtJ n(A) = 3.14

la
n(D) = 12; P(D) = =
26 13 n(A) 3.14
P(btw;wp bgw)= =
n(S) 12
8. 
xU bgl;oapy; 20 Fiwghoy;yhj
314 157
tpsf;FfSk; xU rpy FiwghLila
sa = =
tpsf;FfSk; cs;sd. bgl;oapypUe;J 1200 600
rktha;g;g[ Kiwapy; njh;e;bjLf;fg;gLk; 10. xU jutpd; jpl;l tpyf;fk; kw;Wk; khWghl;Lf;
xU tpsf;fhdJ FiwghLilajhf bfG Mfpad Kiwna 1.2 kw;Wk; 25.6 vdpy;
3
,Ug;gjw;fhd tha;g;g[ vdpy;/ mjd; ruhrhpiaf; fhz;f.
8
da
FiwghLila tpsf;Ffspd; jPh;t[:
vz;zpf;ifiaf; fhz;f. jutpd; jpl;l tpyf;fk; σ = 1.2,
jPu;t[: khWghl;Lf; bfG CV = 25.6,
s

xU bgl;oapy; 20 Fiwghoy;yhj CV = × 100
x
tpsf;Ffs; kw;Wk; x vd;gJ FiwghLila 1.2 1200
x = s × 100 =
Pa

× 100 =
tpsf;Ffs; vd;gjhy; C.V 25.6 256
n(S) = x + 20 x = 4.7
A vd;gJ FiwghLila tpsf;Ffs;

11. ,uz;L Efh;nthh;fs;/ gphpah kw;Wk;
vLf;Fk; epfH;r;rp vd;f.
mKjd; xU Fwpg;gpl;l m=;fhof;Fk;/
n(A) = x
n(A) x Fwpg;gpl;l thuj;jpy; (jp=;fs; Kjy; rdp
w.

P(A) = = tiu) bry;fpwhh;fs;. mth;fs; m=;fhof;Fr;

n(S) x + 20
rktha;g;g[ Kiwapy; xt;bthU ehSk;
bfhLf;fg;gl;l tptuj;jpd; go
x 3
bry;fpwhh;fs;. ,UtUk; m=;fhof;F/
= (i) xnu ehspy;
x + 20 8
(ii) btt;ntW ehl;fspy;
ww

8x = 3x + 60
(iii) mLj;jLj;j ehl;fspy; bry;tjw;fhd
5x = 60 epfH;jft[fisf; fhz;f.
x = 12
jPu;t[:
FiwghLila tpsf;Ffspd;
vz;zpf;if = 12 n(S) = 36
i. 
A vd;gJ ,UtUk; xnu ehspy;
9. 
khzth;fs; tpisahLk; xU ghh;itapLk; epfH;r;rp vd;f.
tpisahl;oy; mth;fshy; vwpag;gLk; A = {(jp/ jp), (br/ br), (g[/ g[), (tp/ tp),
fy;yhdJ tl;lg;ghpjpf;Fs; tpGe;jhy; (bt/ bt), (r/ r)}
mij btw;wpahft[k;/ tl;lg;ghpjpf;F
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

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57
n(A) = 6 C=j  iyna tpHhky; fpilf;Fk; epfH;r;rp
n(A) 6 1 vd;f.
P(A) = = =
n(S) 36 6 C = {TTT}
ii. P(btt;ntW ehl;fspy; ghh;itapl) n(C) = 1
1 5 n(C) 1
= P(A) = 1 – P(A) = 1 – = P(C) = =
6 6 n(S) 8
iii. C vd;gJ mLj;jLj;j ehl;fspy; 13. ,uz;L gfilfs; cUl;lg;gLfpd;wd.

et
ghh;itapLk; epfH;r;rp vd;f. ,uz;L Kf kjpg;g[fSk; rkkhf ,Uf;f
C
 = {(jp/ br), (br/ g[), (g[/ tp), (tp/ my;yJ Kf kjpg;g[fspd; TLjy; 4 Mf
bt), (bt/ r) (br/ jp), (g[/ br), ,Ug;gjw;fhd epfH;jfitf; fhz;f.
(tp/ g[), (bt/ tp), (r/ bt)} jPu;t[:

i.N
n(C) = 10 n(S) = 36
n(C) 10 5
P(C) = = = ,uz;L gfilfs; xd;whf cUl;lg;gLk;
n(S) 36 18 bghGJ mjd; TWbtspapy; 6 × 6 = 36
12. xU tpisahl;ow;fhd/ EiHt[f; fl;lzk; cWg;g[fs; ,Uf;Fk;. vdnt/ n(S) = 36
` 150. m;ej tpisahl;oy; xU ehzak; A MdJ ,uz;L gfilfspYk; xnu

la
@d;W Kiw Rz;lg;gLfpwJ. jdh/ Kf kjpg;g[fs; kw;Wk; B MdJ ,uz;L
xU EiHt[r; rPl;L th=;fpdhs;. gfilfspd; Kf kjpg;g[fspd; TLjy; 4
mt;tpisahl;oy; xd;W my;yJ ,uz;L ?Mf fpilf;fg;bgWk; epfH;r;rpfs; vd;f.
jiyfs; tpGe;jhy; mts; brYj;jpa
sa vdnt A ={(1,1), (2,2), (3,3), (4,4), (5,5), (6,6)}
EiHt[f; fl;lzk; jpUk;gf; fpilj;JtpLk;. B = {(1,3),(2,2),(3,1)}
@d;W jiyfs; fpilj;jhy; mtsJ A B = {(2,2)}
EiHt[f; fl;lzk; ,uz;L kl=;fhff;
vdnt n(A) = 6 , n(B) = 3 , n(A B) = 1
fpilf;Fk;. ,y;iybad;why; mtSf;F n(A) 6
ve;jf; fl;lzKk; jpUk;gf; fpilf;fhJ. P(A) = =
n(S) 36
da
,t;thbwdpy;/ (i) ,uz;L kl=;fhf (ii) n(B) 3
EiHt[f; fl;lzk; jpUk;gg;bgw (iii) P(B) = =
n(S) 36
EiHt[f; fl;lzj;ij ,Hg;gjw;F/ Mfpa
epfH;r;rpfSf;fhd epfH;jft[fisf; fhz;f. n (A Ç B) 1
P(A B) = =
n(S) 36
jPu;t[:
Pa

P
 (xnu Kf kjpg;g[fs; my;yJ Kf
S = {HHH, HHT, HTH, THH, TTT, TTH, THT,
kjpg;g[fspd; TLjy; 4 fpilf;f) = P(A B)
HTT} n(S) = 8
i.  ,uz;L kl=;fhf EiHt[f; fl;lzk; P(A B) = P(A) + P(B) − P(A B)
6 3 1 8 2
jpUk;gg;bgw @d;W jiy bgw ntz;Lk;. = + – = =
36 36 36 36 9
A=@  d;W jiy fpilf;Fk; epfH;r;rp vd;f. 2
A = {HHH} n(A) = 1 vdnt/ njitahd epfH;jft[ MFk;.
w.

1 9
n(A)
P(A) = = 1 1
n(S) 8 14. A kw;Wk; B Mfpait P(A) = P(B) =
ii. EiHt[f; fl;lzk; jpUk;gg; bgw xd;W 1 4 2
kw;Wk; P(A kw;Wk; B)= , vd ,Uf;FkhW
my;yJ ,uz;L jiyfs; fpilf;fg; bgw 8
ww

ntz;Lk;. mika[k; ,uz;L epfH;r;rpfs; vdpy;/

B=x  d;W my;yJ ,uz;L jiy gpd;tUtdtw;iwf; fhz;f.
fpilf;Fk; epfH;r;rp vd;f. (i) P(A my;yJ B)
B = {TTH, THT, HTT, HHT, HTH, THH} (ii) P(A?k; ,y;iy kw;Wk; B?k; ,y;iy)
n(B) = 6 jPu;t[:
n(B) 6 3
P(B) = = = i. P(A my;yJ B) = P(A B)
n(S) 8 4
iii. 
EiHt[f; fl;lzj;ij ,Hg;gjw;F = P(A) + P(B) − P(A B)
1 1 1 5
jiyna tpHhky; ,Uf;f ntz;Lk;. P(A my;yJ B) = + − =
4 2 8 8

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58
ii. P(A ?k; ,y;iy kw;Wk; B?k; ,y;iy) jPu;t[:
= P(A B) S = {(1,1),(1,2), (1,3), (1,4), (1,5), (1,6)
= P A È B ( ) (2,1), (2,2), (2,3), (2,4), (2,5), (2,6)
(3,1), (3,2), (3,3), (3,4), (3,5), (3,6)
= 1−P (A B)
(4,1), (4,2), (4,3), (4,4), (4,5), (4,6)
P(A?k; ,y;iy kw;Wk; B?k; ,y;iy)
(5,1), (5,2), (5,3), (5,4), (5,5), (5,6)
5 3
= 1− = (6,1), (6,2), (6,3), (6,4), (6,5), (6,6)}

et
8 8
n(S) =36
15. 50 khzth;fs; cs;s xU tFg;gpy;/ 28 A=K  jy; gfilapy; Kf kjpg;g[
ngh; NCC?apYk;, 30 ngh; NSS?Yk; kw;Wk; ,ul;ilg;gil vz; fpilf;Fk;
18 ngh; NCC kw;Wk; NSS?Yk; nrh;fpwhh;fs;.

i.N
epfH;r;rp vd;f.
xU khzth; rktha;g;g[ Kiwapy; A = {(2,1), (2,2), (2,3), (2,4), (2,5), (2,6)
njh;e;bjLf;fg;gLfpwhh;. mth; (4,1), (4,2), (4,3), (4,4), (4,5), (4,6)
(i) NCC?apy; ,Ue;J/ Mdhy; NSS ?y; (6,1), (6,2), (6,3), (6,4), (6,5), (6,6)}
,y;yhky; n(A) 18
n(A) = 18; P(A) = =
(ii) NSS?y; ,Ue;J/ Mdhy; NCC?apy; n(S) 36

la
,y;yhky;. B=K  f kjpg;g[fspd; TLjy; 8 fpilf;Fk;
(iii) xd;nw xd;wpy; kl;Lk; nrh;e;J epfH;r;rp vd;f.
,Ug;gjw;fhd epfH;jft[fisf; fhz;f. B = {(2,6), (3,5), (4,4), (5,3), (6,2)}
 sa nk 22 n(B) 5
n(B) = 5; P(B) = =
n(S) 36
jPu;t[:
NCC NSS A B = {(2,6), (4, 4), (6, 2)}
n(A B) = 3
28–18 30–18
18 3
=10 =12 P(A B) =
da
36
bkhj;j khzth;fspd; vz;zpf;if P (A B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A∩B)
18 5 3 20 5
n(S) = 50 = + – = =
36 36 36 36 9
i. A : NCC apy; nrh;e;J NSS?apy;
nruhky; cs;s khzth;fs; 17. xU bgl;oapy; 3, 5, 7, 9, … 35, 37. vd;w
Pa

n(A) 10 1 vz;fs; Fwpf;fg;gl;l rPl;Lfs; cs;sd.

P(A) = = =
n(S) 50 5 rktha;g;g[ Kiwapy; vLf;fg;gLk; xU rPl;L
ii. B : NSS?y; ,Ue;J NCC-apy; MdJ 7 ?d; kl=;fhf my;yJ gfh vz;zhf
nruhky; cs;s khzth;fs;
,Ug;gjw;fhd epfH;jfitf; fhz;f.
n(B) 12 6 jPu;t[:
P(B) = = =
w.

n(S) 50 25 S = {3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25,
iii. C : xd;nw xd;wpy; kl;Lk; nrh;e;J 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37}
,Uf;Fk; khzth;fs; n(S) = 18

P(C) =
n(C)
=
(10 + 12) = 22 = 11 A vd;gJ 7?d; kl=;fhf ,Uf;Fk; epfH;r;rp

ww

n(S) 50 50 25 vd;f.
A = {7, 21, 35}, n(A) = 3
16. ,uz;L gfilfs; xU Kiw cUl;lg; 3
gLfpd;wd. Kjy; gfilapy; Kf kjpg;g[ P(A) =
18
,ul;ilg; gil vz; my;yJ Kf B vd;gJ gfh vz;zhf ,Uf;Fk; epfH;r;rp

kjpg;g[fspd; TLjy; 8 Mff; fpilg;gjw;fhd vd;f.
epfH;jfitf; fhz;f. B = {3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37}
11
n(B) = 11; P(B) =
18
A B = {7} n(A B) = 1
A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

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59
1 20. xU FoapUg;gpy; 1 Kjy; 100 tiu cs;s
P(A B) =
18 fjt[ vz; bfhz;l tPLfspypUe;J rktha;gg
; [
P(A my;yJ B Mf ,Uf;f) = P(A B) Kiwapy; xd;iwj; nju;e;bjLf;Fk; nghJ
me;j tPl;od; fjt[ vz; Xu; ,ul;il vz;
P(A B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A B)
my;yJ KGtu;f;f vz; my;yJ KG
3 11 1 13
= + – = fd vz;zhf fpilg;gjw;fhd epfH;jft[
18 18 18 18 fhz;f.

et
18. rPuhd @d;W ehza=;fs; xU Kiw jPu;t[:
Rz;lg;gLfpd;wd. mjpgl;rk; 2 g{f;fs;
my;yJ Fiwe;jgl;rk; 2 jiyfs; bkhj;j tPLfspd; vz;zpf;if n(S) = 100
fpilg;gjw;fhd epfH;jfitf; fhz;f. 
fjt[ vz; ,ul;il vz;zhf

i.N
jPu;t[: fpilg;gjw;fhd epfH;r;rp A vd;f.
A = {2, 4, 6, 8, ........ 100}
S = {HHH, HHT, HTH, THH, TTT, TTH, THT, n(A) = 50
HTT} n(S) = 8 n( A) 50
\ P(A) = =
A=m  jpfgl;rk; ,uz;L g{f;fs; fpilf;Fk; n( S ) 100

la
epfH;r;rp vd;f. fjt[ vz;nKGtu; ( B ) 10 f;f vz;zhf
=
A = {HHH, HHT, HTH, THH, TTH, THT, HTT} fpilg;gjw; n( f S )hd 100epfH;r;rp B vd;f.
A = {1, n ( A ) 50 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100}
7 n(C4, ) =9, 16,
4
n(A) = 7 P(A) = n ( S ) = 100
sa 8 n(A) = 10 n( S ) 100
B=F  iwe;jgl;rk; ,uz;L jiyfs; n( B) 10
\ P(A) = 5 = 2 2 1
fpilf;Fk; epfH;r;rp vd;f. n( S ) 100
100
n( A)100 50 100 100
B = {HHT, HTH, THH, HHH} fjt[ vz;n50 (C ) =fd
KG 4 vz;zhf
n( S )+=10 100+ 4 - 5 - 2 - (2 ) + 150
4 4 fpilg;gjw; n (f S )hd 100epfH;r;rp C vd;f. n A
n(B) = 4, P(B) = , P(A B) = 100
n( B ) 100 10 100 100 100 n100 =100
( S ) 100
da
8 8 A = {1, 5 8, 27,
=
2 64}
2 1
n65 ( S )- 100 9 56 14
= 100 =
P(A B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A B) n(A) = 4100 100 100 100 n( B) 10
n(C ) 1004 100 25 =
=
7 4
+ – =
4 7 \ P(A) = 50 +=10 + 4 - 5 - 2n( A-)n=(2S )50 +
100
1
n( S ) 100 n( S )n100
(C100
) 100 4
8 8 8 8 100 100 100 100 100
19. xU TilapYs;s 80 k+;rs;, 70 rptg;g[ P(AÇB) = 65 P5 2 9 2 56 1 =
14 n( B)n( S )10 100
kw;Wk; 50 bts;isg; g{f;fspypUe;J rk (,ul;il100 - kw;100 =k;100 = =
Pa

vz; 100 W KGtu;

100 100 100 25 n( A)n( S 50 f f
; vz; ) 5 100 2 2 1
tha;g;g[ Kiwapy; xU g{ nju;e;bjLf;fg;gLk; fpilf;f) 50 10 4 5 n( S )2n=(=C100) 2 4 1
+ + - - -100= 100+ 100 10
nghJ mJ k+;rs; my;yJ rptg;g[ epwg; P(BÇC) =100 P 100 100 100 n( B100 )100
)n( S10 50 10010
100
4
g{thf ,Uf;f epfH;jft[ vd;d> (KG tu;f65 ;f vz;9kw;W56 k; KG 14 fd vz; = + +
- = =n( A) n( S50 ) 5 100
1002 2100 1 10
jPu;t[: fpilf;f) 100 100 100 25 = = 65
n( S ) n(C100 )100 1004 - 1009100 =
56
bkhj;jg; g{f;fspd; vz;zpf;if P(AÇC) = P =
w.

n( B) n( S10 10010 1004 10

) 50 100
(,ul; = + + -
n(S) = 80 + 70 + 50 = 200 nn(( A i l
A)) = 50 vz;
50 kw; W k; KG fd vz;
5 100100
2 21001 100 1
= n ( S )
k+;rs; g{f;fspd; vz;zpf;if n(Y) = 80 fpilf;nn(( SS )) f)100100
=
65 9 56 1
n(C )100 100 4 100 - 100 = =
n(Y ) 80 P(AÇBÇC)
nn(( B B)) = 10 10 = P 50= 10010 1004 1005
\ P(Y) = n(Y ) = 80 = vz;/ KGtu;f;f nvz; ( S ) 100 + fd+ - -
n( S ) = 200 (,ul;nn(( SSi )) l100100
/ KG
100 100 100 100
ww

n SR)) vz; 5 2 2 1
rptg;g[ g{f;nf((spd; 200
70 zpf;if n(R) = 70 vz; nn((C ))
Cfpilf; 44 f) 65 =9 56 14
= =
= 100 100 100 - 100 = =
nn((R ) 70
\ P(R) = S ) = 200 njitahdnn(( SS )) 100 100epfH;jft[ 50 100 10 100 4 100 5 25 2
n80( S ) 70 n(Y ) 3 80
200 150 + + - -
+ = = P(AÈBÈC) 55 22 22= P(A) 11 + P(B) +100 P(C) 100 – P(AÇB) 100 – 100 100
Y kw;Wk; R200vd;
80 gd 70xd;i
200 150
200S )= 34200W tpyf;Fk;
n(wbahd;
+ = = 100
100 100
P(BÇC) 100 100
100 100
– P(AÇC) 100 + P(ABÇC) 65 9 56 14
epfH;r;rpfs;200P(YÈR) n( R )+ 4P(R)
200 = P(Y)
200 70 50 10 4 5 2 - 2 = 1 =
= 50 10 + 4 - 5 - 100 2 - 100 2 + 100 1 25
k+;rs; my;yJ rptg;gn[ (epwg; S ) 200g{thf ,Uf;f = 100 + + + - - - +
100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100100 100 100 100 100
80 70 150 3 65 9 56 14
epfH;jft[ P(YÈR) = +
200 200 200 4
= = = 65 - -
9 = 56 = 14
= =
100
100 100 100 100 100 25 25
***

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67
2. 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, ........... 8 Mfpa jutpd; tPr;R 11. xU g[j;jfj;jpypUe;J rktha;g;g[ Kiwapy;
m) 0 M) 1 xU gf;fk; njh;e;bjLf;fg;gLfpwJ. me;jg;
,) 8 <) 3 gf;f vz;zpd; xd;whk; ,l kjpg;ghdJ
3. 
ruhrhpapypUe;J fpilf;fg; bgw;w jut[g; 7 ?I tplf; Fiwthf ,Ug;gjw;fhd
g[s;spfSila tpyf;f=;fspd; TLjyhdJ epfH;jfthdJ
3
m) vg;bghGJk; kpif vz; m) M) 7
10 10

et
M) vg;bghGJk; Fiw vz;
,) g{r;rpak; 3 7
,) <)
<) g{r;rpakw;w KGf;fs; 9 9
4. 100 jut[g; g[s;spfspd; ruhrhp 40 kw;Wk; 12. xU egUf;F ntiy fpilg;gjw;fhd

i.N
jpl;ltpyf;fk; 3 vdpy;/ tpyf;f=;fspd; th;f;ff; x
epfH;jfthdJ . ntiy fpilf;fhky;
TLjyhdJ 3 2
m) 40000 M) 160900 ,Ug;gjw;fhd epfH;jft[ vdpy; x?apd;
kjpg;ghdJ 3
,) 160000 <) 30000
m) 2 M) 1
5. 
Kjy; 20 ,ay; vz;fspd; tpyf;f th;f;fr; ,) 3 <) 1.5

la
ruhrhpahdJ
m) 32.25 M) 44.25 13. fkyk;/ FYf;fy; nghl;oapy;
,) 33.25 <) 30 fye;Jbfhz;lhs;. m=;F bkhj;jk; 135
sa rPl;Lfs; tpw;fg;gl;ld. fkyk; btw;wp
6. 
xU jutpd; jpl;ltpyf;fkhdJ 3. xt;bthU 1
bgWtjw;fhd tha;g;g[ , vdpy;/ fkyk;
kjpg;iga[k; 5 ?My; bgUf;fpdhy; fpilf;Fk; 9
g[jpa jutpd; tpyf;f ruhrhpahdJ th=;fpa rPl;Lfspd; vz;zpf;if
m) 3 M) 15 m) 5 M) 10
,) 5 <) 225 ,) 15 <) 20
da
x, y, z Mfpatw;wpd; jpl;ltpyf;fk; p
7.  14. M=;fpy vGj;Jfs; {a, b, ........, z}, ?apypUe;J
?vdpy;/ 3x + 5, 3y + 5, 3z + 5 Mfpatw;wpd; Xh; vGj;J rktha;g;g[ Kiwapy; njh;t[
jpl;ltpyf;fkhdJ bra;ag;gLfpwJ. me;j vGj;J x?f;F Ke;ija
m) 3p + 5 M) 3p vGj;Jfspy; xd;whf ,Ug;gjw;fhd epfH;jft[
12 1
Pa

,) p + 5 <) 9p +15 m) M)
13 13
8. 
xU jutpd; ruhrhp kw;Wk; khWghl;Lf;
23 3
bfG Kiwna 4 kw;Wk; 87.5% vdpy; ,) <)
26 26
jpl;ltpyf;fkhdJ
m) 3.5 M) 3 15. xU gzg;igapy; notes of ` 2000 nehl;Lfs;
10?k;, ` 500 nehl;Lfs; 15?k;, ` 200 nehl;Lfs;
,) 4.5 <) 2.5
w.

25?k; cs;sd. xU nehl;L rktha;g;g[

9. 
bfhLf;fg;gl;litfspy; vJ jtwhdJ> Kiwapy; vLf;fg;gLfpd;wJ vdpy;/ me;j
m) P(A) > 1 M) 0 ≤ P(A) ≤ 1 nehl;L ` 500 nehl;lhfnth my;yJ ` 200
,) P(φ) = 0 <) P(A) + P(A) = 1 nel;lhfnth ,Ug;gjw;fhd epfH;jft[ vd;d>
ww

10. p rptg;g[/ q ePy/ r gr;ir epwf; THh=;fw;fs; 1 3

m) M)
cs;s xU FLitapy; ,Ue;J xU rptg;g[ 5 10
2
THh=;fy; vLg;gjw;fhd epfH;jfthdJ ,) <) 4
q p 3 5
m) M)
p+q+r p+q+r ***
p+q p+r
,) <)
p+q+r p+q+r

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68

tpilfs; gapw;rpf;fhd fzf;Ffs;

myF 1 - cwt[fSk; rhu;g[fSk; tiuglk;
1?, 2?, 3?m 4?M 5?, 1. 
gpd;tUk; ,Ugor; rkd;ghLfspd;
6?< 7?, 8?m 9?, 10?, jPh;t[fspd; jd;ikia tiuglk; @yk;
Muha;f.

et
11?m 12?< 13?, 14?M 15?<
(i) x2 + x − 12 = 0 (ii) x2 − 8x + 16 = 0
myF 2 - vz;fSk; bjhlu;tupirfSk; (iii) x2 + 2x + 5 = 0
1?, 2?m 3?M 4?, 5?< 2. 
y = 2x2 vd;w tiuglk; tiue;J mjd;

i.N
6?m 7?< 8?, 9?m 10?, @yk; 2x2 − x − 6 = 0 vd;w rkd;ghl;il
jPh;f;f.
11?, 12?< 13?M 14?M 15?,
3. y = x2 + 4x + 3?d; tiuglk; tiue;J
myF 3 - ,aw;fzpjk; mjidg; gad;gLj;jp x2 + x + 1 = 0 vd;w
rkd;ghl;od; jPh;itf; fhz;f.
1?< 2?m 3?M 4?m 5?M
4. y = x2 + x − 2 ?d; tiuglk; tiue;J mjd;

la
6?, 7?< 8?M 9?, 10?, @yk; x2 + x − 2 = 0 vd;w rkd;ghl;oidj;
11?M 12?m 13?M 14?< 15?M jPh;f;ft[k;.
16?M 17?<
sa 18?M 19?, 20?m 5. y = x2 − 4x + 3 ?apd; tiuglk; tiue;J mjd;
@yk; x2 − 6x + 9 = 0 vd;w rkd;ghl;ilj;
myF 4 - totpay; jPh;f;ft[k;.
1?, 2?M 3?< 4?m 5?< 6. bfhLf;fg;gl;l ,Ugor; rkd;ghLfspd;
6?m 7?M 8?, 9?m 10?< tiuglk; tiuf. mtw;wpd; jPh;t[fspd;
jd;ikiaf; TWf.
da
11?M 12?M 13?M 14?< 15?m
(i) x2 − 9x + 20 = 0 (ii) x2 − 4x + 4 = 0
(iii) x2 + x + 7 = 0 (iv) x2 − 9 = 0
myF 5 - Maj;bjhiy totpay; (v) x − 6x + 9 = 0
2
(vi) (2x − 3)(x + 2) = 0
1?M 2?m 3?M 4?, 5?, 7. y = x2−4 tiuglk; tiue;J/ mjidg;
6?< 7?M 8?M 9?m 10?, gad;gLj;jp x2−x −12 = 0 vd;w rkd;ghl;ilj;
Pa

11?, 12?m 13?M 14?M 15?M jPh;f;ft[k;.

8. y = x2 + x ?apd; tiuglk; tiue;J/ x2+1 = 0
myF 6 - Kf;nfhztpy; vd;w rkd;ghl;ilj; jPh;f;ft[k;.
1?M 2?< 3?M 4?m 5?M 9. y = x2 + 3x + 2 apd; tiuglk; tiue;J/
6?M 7?m 8?, 9?M 10?< mjidg; gad;gLj;jp x2 + 2x + 1 = 0 vd;w
w.

rkd;ghl;ilj; jPh;f;ft[k;
11?M 12?M 13?< 14?M 15?m
10. y = x2 + 3x − 4 apd; tiuglk; tiue;J/
mjidg; gad;gLj;jp x2 + 3x − 4 = 0 vd;w
myF 7 - mstpay; rkd;ghl;ilj; jPh;f;ft[k;.
1?< 2?m 3?m 4?M 5?, 11. y = x2 − 5x − 6 apd; tiuglk; tiue;J/
ww

6?M 7?M 8?, 9?, 10?m mjidg; gad;gLj;jp x2 − 5x − 14 = 0 vd;w

11?< 12?m 13?m 14?M 15?< rkd;ghl;ilj; jPh;f;ft[k;.
12. y = 2x2 − 3x − 5 apd; tiuglk; tiue;J/
myF 8 - g[s;spapaYk; epfH;jft[k; mjidg; gadgLj;jp 2x2 − 4x − 6 = 0 vd;w
1?, 2?m 3?, 4?M 5?, rkd;ghl;ilj; jPh;f;ft[k;.
6?< 7?M 8?m 9?m 10?M 13. y = (x − 1)(x + 3) apd; tiuglk; tiue;J/
mjidg; gad;gLj;jp x2 − x − 6 = 0 vd;w
11?M 12?M 13?, 14?, 15?<
rkd;ghl;ilj; jPh;f;ft[k;.

A. SIVAMOORTHY, BT. Asst. GHS, Perumpakkam, Villupuram Dt.

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69

totpay;
1. 
PQ = 8 br.kP, R = 60° cr;rp R ?ypUe;J
PQ?f;F tiuag;gl;l eLf;nfhl;od; ePsk;
RG = 5.8 br.kP vd ,Uf;FkhW ΔPQR
tiuf. R?ypUe;J PQ?f;F tiuag;gl;l
Fj;Jf;nfhl;od; ePsk; fhz;f.

et
2. QR = 5 br.kP, P = 30° kw;Wk; P ?apypUe;J
QR?f;F tiuag;gl;l Fj;Jf;nfhl;od;
ePsk; 4.2 br.kP bfhz;l ΔPQR tiuf.

i.N
3. mog;gf;fk; BC = 8 br.kP, A = 60°kw;Wk;
A apd; ,Urkbtl;oahdJ BC I D
vd;w g[s;spapy; BD = 6 br.kP vd;wthW
re;jpf;fpwJ vdpy; Kf;nfhzk; ABC tiuf.
4. PQ = 4.5 br.kP/ R = 35° kw;Wk; cr;rp R
?apypUe;J tiuag;gl;l eLf;nfhl;od;

la
ePsk; RG = 6 br.kP vd mika[khW ΔPQR
tiuf.
5. QR = 5 br.kP/ P = 40° kw;Wk; cr;rp
sa
P?apypUe;J QR?f;F tiuag;gl;l
eLf;nfhl;od; ePsk; PG = 4.4 br.kP vd
,Uf;Fk;go ΔPQR tiuf. nkYk; P?ypUe;J
QR?f;F tiuag;gl;l Fj;Jf;nfhl;od;
ePsk; fhz;f.
da
6. QR = 6.5 br.kP/ P = 60° kw;Wk; cr;rp
P ?apypUe;J QR ?f;F tiuag;gl;l
Fj;Jf;nfhl;od; ePsk; 4.5 br.kP cila
ΔPQR tiuf.
7. AB = 5.5 br.kP/ C = 25° kw;Wk; cr;rp
Pa

C apypUe;J AB?f;F tiuag;gl;l

Fj;Jf;nfhl;od; ePsk; 4 br.kP cila
ΔABC tiuf.
8. mog;gf;fk; BC = 5.6 br.kP A = 40° kw;Wk;
A ?apd; ,Urkbtl;oahdJ mog;gf;fk;
w.

BC I CD = 4 br.kP vd D-apy; re;jpf;FkhW

mika[k; Kf;nfhzk; ABC tiuf.
9. PQ=6.8 br.kP/ cr;rpf;nfhzk; 50° cr;rpf;
nfhzj;jpd; ,Urkbtl;oahdJ
ww

mog;gf;fj;ij PD = 5.2 br.kP vd D?apy;

re;jpf;FkhW mika[k; ΔPQR tiuf.

***

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