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Video Signals Group Project Completed

The document provides an overview of video signals, including their types such as analog and digital, and their applications in CCTV and surveillance systems. It details various analog video formats like component, composite, and S-video, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of understanding video signals for effective installation and maintenance of surveillance equipment.

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4 views10 pages

Video Signals Group Project Completed

The document provides an overview of video signals, including their types such as analog and digital, and their applications in CCTV and surveillance systems. It details various analog video formats like component, composite, and S-video, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of understanding video signals for effective installation and maintenance of surveillance equipment.

Uploaded by

kimonesalmon00
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Video Signals

 Names: Adrian Annakie/ Jessica Francis


 Lecturer: Major Ezra Bignall
 Topic: Video Signals

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Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. What are Video Signals?
3. Component Video
4. Composite Video
5. S-Video
6. Digital Video Signals
7. How Video Signals are connected to CCTV/Surveillance
Introduction
In this short presentation we hope to enlighten you to the different types of video
signals, how they are transmitted and how they play a part in Closed Circuit television
(CCTV) and Surveillance.
What are video signals?
To answer that question, we must first understand what a video is. A video is an
electronic medium for the recording, copying, playback, broadcasting and visual
display of moving visual media.
Video signals are signals produced by a video adapter that allows an display device
such as a computer monitor or television to display a picture or video. There are two
types of video signals which are:

 Analog Video

 Digital video

Analog
An analog video is is transferred by an analog signal which is comprised of
Luminance/brightness (Y) and Chrominance (C). Three types of analog video signals
are:

1. Component

2. Composite

3. S-Video
Component Video Signals
A component video signal is an analog video signal that has been split into two or
more channels. It is mainly called CAV or component analog video and is carried by
carried on a15-pin VGA type connectors.

Image 1. Component Cables RGB

Component signals can also represent video signals as one luminance (Y) and two
colour signals often called Pb and Pr. Audiovisual systems typically consist of a
combination of analog and digital signals and many legacy systems have only analog
outputs. For this reason, most of RGB spectrum products include the option of analog
input cards which enable analog signals to be processed and distributed.

Advantages of Component Videos are:

 Gives the best colour representation


 Best used on old televisions, VHS, DVD players
+

Composite Video Signals


Composite video is an analog format which uses one channel and a single cable to
transfer video signals. It is the first analog signal which was created and added to
black and white TV in 1957, comprising of two colour signals U and V which were
multiplexed and added to the monochrome signal ( black and white/Y) and
transmitted on the same channel.

Image 2. Composite Cables YUV

The composite video is yellow and three source signals are combined to form it, they
are represented as YUV in which Y represents the brightness of the picture and the
colors are carried by UV.

 The main disadvantage is the the video quality is not as good as the component
video.
`

S-videos
S-videos also known as Super-video or Separate video is an analog video
transmission, which carries all the video data including brightness and color
information in one signal over one wire. This contains both luminance/ brightness
/(Y) and Chroma/colors /(C) / (Y/C)which defines hue and saturation,this in turn
achieves a higher video quality than a composite video, despite its advantages there
are a few setbacks in which the S-Video has a poorer quality than a component video,
another draw back is that it only carries video, so composite video signals/cables are
still needed to carry audio signals to a display device.

Image 3. S-Video cable Y/C

Advantages of S-Video transmissions.

 Better video quality than a composite video .


 Only one medium of transmission is needed for color and brightness (Y/C)
Digital Video Signals
Digital video is an electronic representation of moving visual images (video) in the
form of encoded digital data.This is in contrast to analog video, which represents
moving visual images in the form of analog signals. Digital videos comprises of a
series of digital images displayed in rapid succession, usually at a rate of 24,30 or 60
frames per second (FPS) which is comprised of a formation of pixels. Due to it being
a more modern version of video transmissions, digital video signals have a myriad of
advantages opposed to analog video signals, which include but not limited to:
displaying a higher video quality than analogs, an example of this is HDTV (High
Definition Television) which displays images or videos with far greater clarity and
can be copied repeatedly with no generational loss which is main problem with analog
video systems/signals.
Digital video signals are also not limited by a physical medium through with to
transfer data. Digital data can be transferred via radio transmissions(radio waves)
along micro fiber internet cables,HDMI (High Definition Multimedia Interface)
transmitters and storage devices (Thumb drives and SD cards).

Image 4. HDMI tranmitter/ SD cards/ Thumb drive


Advantages of Digital Video signals are:

 Digital data can be easily compressed.


 Digital equipment is more common.
 Digital signals convey information with less noise, distortion and interference.
 Digital Signals can be transmitted over long distances.
 Digital Signals are often easily stored on any magnetic or optical media using
semiconductor chips.
 Digital signals can be reproduced easily at mas quantities at comparatively low
costs.

Disadvantages of digital signals are:

 Sampling may cause loss of information.


 Processor speed is limited.
 Systems and processing is more complex.
 A higher bandwidth is required for data communication in comparison to analog
transmission of an equivalent information.
 Digital systems and processing are typically more complex.
How Video Signals are connected to
CCTV/Surveillance
The Knowledge of Video Signals, how they work and how to apply them in CCTV
monitoring/ Surveillance, is very beneficial to those working in that field as it helps
one to better understand and appreciate the entire process of the installation of
surveillance equipment and to better be able to assist in any technical manner should
problems arise, it also helps one to better be able to assist in equipping their areas of
work/monitoring in a more successful and professional manner so to assist in business
productivity through the prevention of theft, investigation of incidents and the
protection of life and property.

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