REPUBLIQUE DU CAMEROUN REPUBLIC OF CAMEROON

Paix-Travail-Patrie Peace-work-fatherland
***** *****
MINISTERE DE L’ENSEIGNEMENT MINISTRY OF HIGHER
SUPERIEUR EDUCATION
***** *****
UNIVERSITE DE MAROUA THE UNIVERSITY OF MAROUA
***** *****
ECOLE NATIONALE SUPERIEURE NATIONAL ADVANCED SCHOOL
DES MINES ET DES INDUSTRIES OF MINES AND PETROLEUM
PETROLIERES INDUSTRIES
***** B.P./P.O. Box : 08 Kaélé *****
DEPARTEMENT D’INGENIERIE Tel : (237) 699 359 211 DEPARTMENT OF MINING
MINIERES ET TRAITEMENT DES Email : [email protected] ENGINEERING AND MINERAL
MINERAIS PROCESSING

UE : GITOLOGIE

COMPANIES PROCESSING RUTILE

Presented by
CLARISA BISSIRI FUSI 19A033FM

ENSEIGNANT: Dr Kanouo Sylvestre

ACADEMIC YEAR : 2022/2023

......................................................................................................................................................... 1
TABLE OF CONTENT .................................................................................................................. 2
I. ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK .................................................................................... 3
1. Maoming Ubridge Group Co., LTD .................................................................................... 3
2. China Minerals and Chemicals Group Ltd .......................................................................... 4
3. SIERA RUTILE ................................................................................................................... 5
II. REVIEW ON MINERAL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY OF RUTILE IN CHINA
WANG Jun1,2, ZHAO Hong-bo1, QIN Wen-qing1, QIU Guan-zhou1, HU Yue-hua1, JIANG
Tao1, ZHANG Lin2, ZENG Xiang-long2, TANG Yan-bin2, WANG Yong2 (1. School of
Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; 2.
Daye Nonferrous Corporation, Huangshi,435005, China) ............................................................. 6
4. The study and application of gravity separation for rutile minerals .................................... 6
5. The study and application of purification for rutile ............................................................. 6
6. The study and application of desliming for rutile minerals ................................................. 7
7. The study and application of magnetic separation for rutile minerals ................................. 7
REFERENCE .................................................................................................................................. 9
 I. ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK

1. Maoming Ubridge Group Co., LTD

➢ Company Details
• Business Type: Manufacturer
• Location: Guangdong, China (Mainland)
• Year Established: 1998
• Number of Employees: 101 - 200 People
• Export Percentage:
• Production Lines:
• R&D Staff:
• Total Annual Revenue: US$2.5 Million - US$5 Million
• Main Markets: Eastern Europe
• Main Products : 1) Nature Rutile (TiO2>, =90%, TiO2>,=92%, , =93%, , =95) 2) Artificial
Rutile (TiO2>, =85%, , =87%) 3) Ilmenite (TiO2>, =50%) 4) Zircon (ZrO2>, =65%),
• Country/Region: China
• Links : China Minerals & Metallurgy, China Ore, China Other Ore,

➢ Company Introduction
Maoming Ubridge Group Co., LTD is an enterprise group with mineral industry, developing
agriculture, trade and business. The group company has 60-million-yuan total fund. It has a
professional factory with welding material and multifactor with welding accessorial material. The
company is located at Maoming city, Guangdong province. The registered trade
markis'Ubridge'.
In the company, there are eleven subordinate specialized companies (factories). Among them,
Welding Material Co., Ltd., Mineral Co., Ltd., Maoming Ilmenite Mineral Factory, Hainan
Titanium Factory, Hanoi Subsidiary Company in Vietnam, Zhuzhou Smelt Factory, Qinzhou
Smelt Co., Ltd, Tangshan Hongqiao Titanium Co., Ltd. Each year, they can produce 80 thousand
ton of ilmenite,10 thousand ton of Natural Rutile, 8 thousand ton of zircon, 8 thousand ton of
Artificial Rutile,10 thousand ton of Restore Ilmenite,3 thousand ton of Iron Oxide Red Pigment /
Iron Oxide Black Pigment. Meanwhile, they can also produce welding accessorial material of
White Mud, Marble, Feldspar, Sericite. Now it had become the largest base of produce and provide
welding accessorial material in China. Maoming Welding Electrode Factory has the ability to
produce 1.7 thousand ton each kind of hand-arc welding electrode per year. The leading production
has been authorized by Chinese Classification Society. And is also recommended by Chinese
Welding Association. Jinmao Co., mainly develops various of managing and trade. Yuexi Fruit
Industry Development Co., is an enterprise with a collection of science and research, mainly
developing the good fruit, preserving and processing fruit. 7 thousand mu of the advanced fruit
base have been finished planting.
The Group Company has been given some honor ' The Best Credit Enterprise Stressing on
Contract', 'Advanced Unit in Maoming'. It has been authorized by ISO9001 (International Standard
Organization) system on June, 2000. The enterprise always insisted on the aim of ' Base on
Management, The First-rate Quality; The Best Production and Service’. And hold on the industrial
spirit of ' Unite and Struggle, Open-up and Honesty'. In the future, the enterprise will seek the way
to develop and contribute for Chinese welding career. Warmly welcome the people at home and
abroad to guide and cooperate friendly.
➢ Company Information
• Contact Person: Mr. Sky Tsai
• Department: Export Sales Department
• Job Title: Export Sales Manager
• Telephone: 86-668-2987677
• Fax Number: 86-668-2286666
• Address: 122 Guanghua South Road, Maoming City, Guangdong Province
• Fax: 86-668-2286666
• Zip/Post Code: 525000

2. China Minerals and Chemicals Group Ltd

➢ Company Details
• Business Type: Exporters
• Location: -
• Year Established: 1970
• Number of Employees: 100+
• Export Percentage: -
• Production Lines: -
• R&D Staff: -
• Total Annual Revenue:
• Main Markets: Americas, Africa, Asia, Caribbean, America, Europe, Middle East, Oceania,
Worldwide
• Main Products : Metal, Zinc, Lead, Aluminum,Copper,Nickel,Silver,Tin,
Urea, Rutile,Titanium Dioxide
• Country/Region: China
• Links : China Minerals & Metallurgy, China Nickel,
 ➢ Company Introduction
China Minerals and Chemicals Group Ltd Products: Nonferrous Metal, Zinc, Lead, Aluminum, Copper,
Nickel, Silver, Tin, Urea, Rutile, Titanium Dioxide, etc. Orders come from Asia, America, Europe,
Africa, Middle East and all over the world. We strive to supply our customers with the best products
and competitive prices. Meet various kinds of requirements.

➢ Company Information
• Contact Person: Justin
• Telephone: 86-31168031246
• Fax Number: 86-31168031246
• Address: Floor 23, Wanda Plaza A, Yehuda District, Shijiazhuang, China, Shijiazhuang, Hebei,
China,
• Fax: 86-31168031246

3. SIERA RUTILE

Sierra Rutile (ASX: SRX) is a multi-mine mineral sands operation straddling the Bothe and
Moyamba districts in southern Sierra Leone with over 2,200 employees, representing one of the
largest private employers in Sierra Leone.
Sierra Rutile’s current mining and mineral processing operations at Area 1 include four wet
concentrator plants (WCPs); a mineral separation plant (MSP) and associated infrastructure;
residential camps for senior and management staff; and a dedicated port facility (collectively
referred to as Area 1). Sierra Rutile also holds one of the world’s largest known natural rutile
deposits, the Sembehun Project.
Sierra Rutile has an established operating history over more than 50 years and, if the Sembehun
Project proceeds, a future mine life of over 13 years post completion of steady state operations at
Area 1 based on the recent Sembehun PFS.
The Sembehun deposit, located approximately 30 kilometers from the current Area 1 operations,
is one of the largest and highest quality known rutile deposits in the world, presenting an attractive
development opportunity, long mine life and additional exploration potential underpinned by
strong medium to long term titanium feedstock fundamentals.
➢ Company Information
Australia:

• Corporate Office
Level 8, 225 St Georges Terrace
Perth WA 6000
• Phone: 08 6251 5555
 • ABN: 79 613 822 165

Sierra-Leone:

• 110 Wilkinson Road

II. REVIEW ON MINERAL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY OF RUTILE

4. The study and application of gravity separation for rutile minerals

Except for magnetite, biotite, ilmenite, hematite, goethite, chlorite, amphibole and sphene, the
specific gravity of the other gangue minerals is 2.1-3.1, and the specific gravity of rutile is 4.1-5.2,
so gravity separation can be used to separate rutile from the above gangue minerals with lower
specific gravity. And gravity separation process can be also used to for desliming, then the dosage
of flotation reagents can be reduced. The main equipment of gravity separation includes shaking
table, spiral chute, centrifugal concentrator and spiral concentrator, spiral chute and shaking table
are often used in the beneficiation of rutile. With the advantages of low production cost and less
pollution to the environment, gravity separation technology has been paid much attention in the
beneficiation of rutile minerals. Wang baoxian used gravity separation for the primary rutile
minerals of Laishui, shaking tables were used to remove mine slimes in the first step, good results
and high efficiency were obtained. Zhao hongfen studied one kind of primary rutile minerals,
gravity separation was used in the first step, and then high intensity magnetic separation was used.
The result showed that the grade of final rutile concentrate was 89. 94%, and recovery rate was
45. 66%, garnet concentrate was obtained with grade of 85%-90%, with recovery rate of 70%. As
the properties of primary rutile minerals, the effect is still not good enough using the common
equipment of gravity separation, so the development of highly efficient gravity separation
equipment, especially for fine particle rutile minerals, is an important step for the comprehensive
exploitation and utilization of rutile minerals.
5. The study and application of purification for rutile

The process of purification is used to enhance the purity of rutile concentrate, the grade of rutile
concentrate is often about 60% after beneficiation, but the content of silicate minerals is still large.
So, the process of pickling is often used to remove the impurities and to improve the quality of
concentrates. In the process of agitation leaching, including direct pickling, step pickling with
heating and flash melting-cold pickling, the mixtures of HF and HCl with different rations are
often used to dissolve the silicate minerals and other impurities. In addition, some reports showed
that the method of biological metallurgy can be used for purification of rutile minerals. Song
xiangyu, etc. obtained the desilication bacteria of YJ-6 through ultraviolet mutagenesis and
screening, and this kind of desilication of bacteria was used to leach the rough rutile concentrates
with grade of 78.21％. The result showed that the yield of final concentrate was 8.90％, grade of
final concentrate was 91.80％, and the total recovery rate was 92.6l％ after leaching for 7 days.

6. The study and application of desliming for rutile minerals

In the process of mineral processing, especially in the process of flotation, sliming can make
separation very difficult. Sliming is one of the main problems in the flotation of rutile, so the slime
should be removed before flotation most of the time. There are kinds of desliming equipment, the
following three kinds of equipment are commonly used for desliming, by causing rotational flow
to increase the precipitation area, and then reduce the loss of rutile. (2) Hydro cyclone, by giving
pulp a certain velocity and kinetic energy to prevent blocking. (3) Classification box, can be used
for condensing the pulp, as well as classification. Shaking table and reverse flotation are can also
be used for desliming. Wang baoxian used shaking tables to remove mine slimes in the first step
of the mineral processing of primary rutile ores, good results and high efficiency were obtained.
Gao likun used reverse flotation for desliming before the flotation of rutile, Al2(SO4)3 was used
as depressant of rutile sodium oleate was used as collector. The result showed that this method
could remove products with yield of 31.34%, with grade of 0.39, with rutile loss of 6.23%, and the
grade of rutile ores could increase from 1.96% to 2.68%. The final concentrate with grade of
20.30% and with recovery rate of 83.88% could be obtained by one rougher flotation. How to
effectively eliminate the influence of mine slime, and to effectively prevent and eliminate a second
sliming, are very important for the mineral processing of rutile, which still deserves a further study.

7. The study and application of magnetic separation for rutile minerals

Some gangue minerals have the properties of magnetism, such as magnetite, ilmenite, biotite,
chlorite, amphibole and sphene, but rutile almost has no magnetism, so magnetic separation can
be used to separate rutile from the gangue minerals mentioned above. The high intensity magnetic
separation is mainly to remove the minerals with low magnetism, like monazite and xenotime. The
low intensity magnetic separation is used to remove the mineral with high magnetite, like ilmenite
and titanomagnetite. Many studies have been done on magnetic separation technologies for rutile
minerals. Xiao Jinhua and Zhang Songhua[26] studied the mineral processing technology of the
efflorescent ilmenite ores in Yunnan province, one stage low intensity magnetic separation was
used to remove iron, the combined process of one stage high intensity magnetic separation-
reduction roasting-low intensity magnetic separation was used to recover ilmenite minerals,and
then the process of flotation-gravity separation-pickling was used to recover rutile minerals from
the tailings of high intensity magnetic separation, good results were obtained finally. Wang weichu
studied rutile minerals of Donghai, with rutile (TiO2) of 2.8%, and associated pomegranate
reached at about 40%. Magnetic separation was used to recover pomegranate and finally good
results were obtained. Liu Q [27] studied the behavior of selective adsorption of magnetic reagents
on rutile and quartz minerals, the results showed that when pH>3.5, magnetic reagents could only
adsorb on rutile, the parameters of magnetic separation and the dosage of magnetic reagents were
studied. Francis Chachula,etc[28] studied to recover rutile from oil tailings of Athabasca, magnetic
separation was used to remove iron in the first step, then reverse flotation was used to remove
silicon, the differences of effect between high intensity magnetic separation and low intensity
magnetic separation were also studied, and rutile concentrate was obtained with grade of 87%-
89% finally, which can be directly prepared to produce titanium dioxide High gradient magnetic
separation machine, permanent magnetic separation machine and high intensity magnetic
separation machine are often chosen in the magnetic separation of rutile minerals, wet magnetic
separators are especially widely used in the magnetic separation of rutile minerals. Wang zhanqi
[29] 225 used CRG54 permanent magnet-double roller magnetic separator for the comprehensive
recovery of rutile in the placer minerals, and good results were obtained, and the effects of
electrode distance and loading capacity on the results were also studied. The Reading high gradient
magnetic separation machine was used to remove some impurities from rutile/zircon concentrates,
it was already in the process from laboratory test to industrial test. However, the effect of magnetic
separation is still limited, it is used to process concentrates most of the time.
 REFERENCE

• https://www.company-list.org/china/minerals_metallurgy/rutile
• https://www.bing.com/search?q=MINERAL+PROCESSING+COMPANIES+OF+RUTI
LE+IN+THE+WORLD
• https://sierra-rutile.com/
• ResearchGate
• https://www.researchgate.net/publication/280642792_34
• https://www.jxscmining.com/mineral-processing/rutile-mining-process
•