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Queuing Theory

Queuing Theory is a quantitative method for optimizing the number of service facilities based on customer demand and service rates. It involves understanding the characteristics of queuing systems, including arrival processes, service distributions, service channels, and queue disciplines. Key elements include the random nature of customer arrivals, the service rate, and the order in which customers are served.

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himanshigarlapalli
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17 views

Queuing Theory

Queuing Theory is a quantitative method for optimizing the number of service facilities based on customer demand and service rates. It involves understanding the characteristics of queuing systems, including arrival processes, service distributions, service channels, and queue disciplines. Key elements include the random nature of customer arrivals, the service rate, and the order in which customers are served.

Uploaded by

himanshigarlapalli
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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QUEUING THEORY

Meaning of Queue
The line that forms in front service channel is called a queue or waiting line that is the
word queue refers to waiting in line. A queuing system can be described as composed
of customers arriving for service, waiting for service if the service channel is not empty
and if having waited for service, leaving the system after being served. The queue or
waiting line stands for the number of customers waiting to be serviced.

Meaning of Queuing Theory


Queuing Theory is a quantitative technique useful for determining the optimum number
of service facilities. The word queue refers to customers waiting for service in a line. A
Queuing problem arises when the current service rate of a facility falls short of the
current rate of customers demand.Examples of this type of situation include
determining the appropriate number of checkout clerks in a supermarket, tellers in a
bank, doctors on duty in an emergency room etc.

Characteristics of Queuing system


1. The input process (arrival) : The mode of arrival of customers at a service
facility to receive some kind of service. They do not come at regular intervals.
Arrivals occur at random and may be occur at a constant rate or may be in
accordance with some probability distribution such as poison, normal etc. Also
the customers may arrive in batches of fixed size or of variable size or one by
one. When more than one arrival is allowed to enter the system simultaneously,
the input is said to be batches or bulk.

2. Service distribution: Service distribution represent the pattern in which the


numbers of customers leave the system. Service rate is the average numbers of
customers served per unit of time. Service time may be constant or random
variable. It can be described by the exponential probability distribution.
3. Service channel: The process or system which is performing the service to
the units may be single or multi-channel. When the system has one server the
Queuing model is called one server mode. When the system has a number of
parallel service channel is called multi server model.

4. Service discipline or queue discipline: It is order in which the service station


select the customers for service from the queue. They are:

a. FIFO (First In First Service)

b. LCFS (Last Come First Service)

c. SIRO (Service In Random Order)

5. The capacity of the system: The total number of customers in the system
may be either finite or infinite.

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