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Solid Mensuration Reviewer 3

The document reviews solid mensuration concepts, focusing on the frustum of a cone, composite solids, and the distinctions between Euclidean and Non-Euclidean geometries. It explains that Euclidean Geometry, based on Euclid's postulates, is commonly taught in schools, while Non-Euclidean Geometry, such as Spherical Geometry, diverges from these postulates and has practical applications. Ultimately, it emphasizes that while Euclidean Geometry is sufficient for most everyday situations, other geometries exist and are useful in specific contexts.

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17 views4 pages

Solid Mensuration Reviewer 3

The document reviews solid mensuration concepts, focusing on the frustum of a cone, composite solids, and the distinctions between Euclidean and Non-Euclidean geometries. It explains that Euclidean Geometry, based on Euclid's postulates, is commonly taught in schools, while Non-Euclidean Geometry, such as Spherical Geometry, diverges from these postulates and has practical applications. Ultimately, it emphasizes that while Euclidean Geometry is sufficient for most everyday situations, other geometries exist and are useful in specific contexts.

Uploaded by

redox francisco
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SOLID MENSURATION REVIEWER (3rd QUARTER)

LESSON 1 – Frustum of A Cone

What is a Conical Frustum?


 A conical frustum is a frustum created
by slicing the top off a cone (with the
cut made parallel to the base)

LESSON 2 – Composite Solids

LESSON 3 – Non-Euclidean Geometry

What is Euclidean Geometry?


 Euclidean Geometry is the geometry
that is taught in High School Geometry
Classes
 It is based primarily on a book called
“The Elements” written by a Greek
Mathematician named Euclid who So, if you change the postulates, you
lived from about 325-265 B.C. can change the meaning of points,
 Euclidean Geometry deals with lines, and planes, and how they
points, lines and planes and how they interact with each other.
interact to make more complex
figures. Spherical Geometry
 Euclid’s Postulates define how the  The main difference between
points, lines, and planes interact with Spherical Geometry and Euclidean
each other. Geometry is that instead of describing
a plane as a flat surface a plane is a
sphere.
 A line is a great circle on the sphere.
A great circle is any circle on a
sphere that has the same center as
the sphere.
 Points are exactly the same, just on a
sphere.

 Euclid’s Fifth Postulate, called the


Parallel Postulate seems obvious, but
is the source of much debate.

What is Non-Euclidean Geometry?


 Non-Euclidean Geometry is any
Geometry that uses a different set of
postulates than Euclid used.
 Most of the time Non-Euclidean
Geometry is Geometry in which the
Parallel Postulate does not hold to be
true.
 If the parallel postulate is not true that
means that given a line and a point
not on the line there is NOT exactly
one line through the point which is
parallel to the line.
---------------------------------------------------------------
-----------
 Remember that points, lines, and  Common Mistake: Except for the
planes are undefined terms. Their circle in the middle, these horizontal
meaning comes only from postulates. circles do not share a center with the
sphere and are therefore cannot be
considered parallel lines, even though
they appear to be parallel.

Spherical Geometry: A Real-World


Application

Euclidean vs Spherical Geometry


Which Geometry is right?
 Neither Geometry is the “right”
Geometry, but since Euclidean
Geometry works in most cases and is
simplest, it is taught in schools.

Other Geometries
 Spherical Geometry is just one
Example of Non-Euclidean Geometry
 Any Geometry that starts with a
different set of postulates is non-
Euclidean.
 Some other Geometries have practical
applications and some are just
theoretical
 Hyperbolic Geometry is used to model
space since Einstein’s theories imply
that space is curved.

Summary
 Euclidean Geometry is not the only
type of Geometry.
 Spherical Geometry is one example
of Non-Euclidean Geometry that has
definite practical applications.
 Euclidean Geometry sufficiently
describes the world that most of us
deal with day to day, so it is the
primary Geometry studied in School.

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