history of architecture

Indian
Renaissance
ROMANESQUE

RENAISSANCE
GOTHIC Architecture
Architecture
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 Introduction

The Historical
Timeline of Architecture

Egyptian Byzantine

Pre-Historic Greek Roman Early Christian Romanesque Gothic Renaissance 18th-19th C: 20th C:
Revival Modern
history of architecture

Near East Islamic

ROMANESQUE
Indian Chinese & Japanese
GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE
GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE
GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 NORWAY

SWEDEN Renaissance
GREAT RUSSIA
BRITAIN DENMARK • Printing by Movable Types
DUTCH
• Led to the mass production of books
REP. POLAND • Contributed to the circulation of ideas and knowledge
HOLY ROMAN
EMPIRE LITHUANIA
FRANCE SWISS
CONF.
OTTOMAN
SAVOY EMPIRE

SPAIN PAPAL
PORTUGAL STATES

AFRICA

• Several Christian thinkers challenged and attacked the

beliefs, customs, power and wealth of the Catholic Church
• Protestants in Germany, Scandinavia and England
• Martin Luther and John Calvin
• Religious and intellectual unity of Christendom had
begun to crumble
history of architecture

INFLUENCES

HISTORY
• Previous trade routes to the east had now been blocked
by the Ottoman Turks in Constantinople
• 1450, series of voyages and explorations by sea led by
Spain and Portugal
• For trade mostly but also for the discovery of more lands

ROMANESQUE
GOTHIC • Increased understanding of Science and the Arts
RENAISSANCE • Medicine and Astronomy
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL • Human Anatomy by Andreas Vesalius
20TH C.: MODERN
• Attempt to understand the ancient world, its values,
• Warfare was changed by the invention of gunpowder literary, artistic forms and architectural forms
• This brought about the need for a new building type • "Treatise on Architecture" by Vitruvius in 1486
 utilitas,
venustas
,
firmitas
history of architecture

Vitruvian Man, Leonardo da Vinci, (c. 1485-1490)

ROMANESQUE
GOTHIC De architectura (On architecture, published as Ten Books on
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
Architecture) is a treatise on architecture written by the Roman
20TH C.: MODERN architect and military engineer Marcus Vitruvius Pollio and
dedicated to his patron, the emperor Caesar Augustus, as a guide
for building projects.
 Renaissance
ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER ROCOCO
• Style which is primarily French in origin
DESCRIPTION • Rock-like forms, fantastic scrolls, and crimped shells
• The Renaissance movement created a break in the • Profuse, often semi-abstract ornamentation
evolution of European church architecture • Light in color and weight
• Departure from Gothic, with the employment of Classic
Roman “Orders of Architecture”
• Byzantine structural and decorative practices, instead of
Gothic, were interwoven with those from Roman and
Romanesque succession

PERIODS

EARLY RENAISSANCE IN SUMMARY:

• Period of learning
• Designers were intent on the accurate transcription of • Palladian Architecture was logical, staid and serene
Roman elements
• Proto-Baroque Architecture was vivid, virile and intense
HIGH RENAISSANCE or PROTO-BAROQUE
• Renaissance became an individual style in its own right • Baroque Architecture was dramatic, rich, grand and alive
• Purist or Palladian, where Roman tradition was held in
history of architecture

high respect (represented by Andrea Palladio) • Rococo Architecture was a profusion and confusion of
• Proto-Baroque, where there was more confidence in detail, presenting a lavish display of decoration
using the acquired vocabulary freely (represented by
Michelangelo)
• Mannerist, where practices which had no Roman
precedent were interspersed with the usual buildings, or
entire buildings were conceived in a non-Roman way
• Mannerists used architectural elements in a free,
decorative and illogical way, unsanctioned by antique
precedent

ROMANESQUE BAROQUE
GOTHIC • Architects worked with freedom and firmly-acquired
RENAISSANCE knowledge
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL • The true nature of Renaissance as a distinctive style
20TH C.: MODERN
began to emerge
• Baroque saw architecture, painting, sculpture and the
minor arts being used in harmony to produce the unified
whole
 Renaissance
FLORENCE ROME
• Cities of Florence, Genoa, Milan - central, chief powers • Splendidly presented examples of High Renaissance and
of Italy Proto-baroque
• Medici family - founded by Giovanni de Medici, who was • Famous architect is Donato Bramante
a commercial and political power
• Vitality of social life at every level Tempietto in S. Pietro, Montorio
• Artists, who excelled in several arts, achieve high status • Resembling small Roman circular temple with Doric
in society columns
• Craft guilds, with both religious and lay connotations, • 4.5 m internal diameter
directed activities of studios and workshops
• Renaissance had its birth in Florence

PALAZZI
• With the development of gunpowder, palace-type building
evolved, taking the place of fortified castles
• Built around a cortile or interior court, like medieval
cloister • Site where S. Peter was martyred
• Ground floor and piano nobile • Designed by Donato Bramante
• Façade of massive, rugged, fortress-like character due to • Dome on drum pierced with alternating windows and
use of rusticated masonry and wall angles called quoins shell-headed niches
• Large windows unnecessary and unsuitable
history of architecture

• Low pitched roof covered by a balustrade, parapet or

boldly protruding roof cornices

ROMANESQUE
GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE Palazzo Strozzi
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL • By Benedetto da Majano
20TH C.: MODERN
• Representative of the Florentine palace of that period
• Open cortile and piano nobile
• Astylar exterior of uniform rustication
• Cornice of 1/13 the height, 2.1 m projection
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE
GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE
GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE
GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN

LINK: https://www.st-peters-basilica-tickets.com/st-peters-basilica-architecture/
 Renaissance
6. Antonio da Sangallo
• Slightly altered plan - extended vestibule and campanile,
and elaborated the central dome
• Died

7. Michelangelo
• Undertook the project at 72 years old - present building
owes most of its outstanding features to him
• Greek-cross plan, strengthened dome, redesigned
surrounding chapels
S. Peter, Rome
• Most important Renaissance building in Italy 8. Giacomo della Porta
• With cathedral, piazza and the Vatican, forms a world-
famous group 9. Domenico Fontana
• Completed dome in 1590
• 120 years, outcome of the works of many architects
under the direction of the pope 10. Vignola
• Added sided cupolas
12 Architects:
11. Carlo Maderna
1. Bramante • Lengthened nave to form Latin cross and built the
history of architecture

• His design was selected from several entries in a gigantic facade

competition
• He proposed a Greek cross plan and a dome similar to 12. Bernini
the Pantheon in Rome • Erected noble entrance piazza 198 m wide with Tuscan
• Foundation stone laid in 1506 colonnade

2. Giuliano da Sangallo
• Upon death of Julius II in 1513

3. Fra Giocondo

ROMANESQUE 4. Raphael
GOTHIC • Proposed a Latin cross plan
RENAISSANCE • Died
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
5. Baldassare Peruzzi • Completed plan is a Latin cross with an internal length of
• Reverted to Greek cross 183 m, width of 137 m
• Died • At crossing, majestic dome of 41.9 m internal diameter
• Largest church in the world
 Renaissance
FRANCE

COUNTRY HOUSES
• Country houses took the place of fortified castles

Some examples:
Chateau de Justice, Rouen
Chateau d'O, Mortree
Chateau de Josselin Chateau de Maisons
Chateau de Blois • One of the most harmonious of all chateaux
Chateau d'Azay-Rideau • Designed by Francois Mansart on a symmetrical E-plan
Chateau de Chenonceaux

Palaise du Louvre, Paris

history of architecture

• Built from Francis I to Napoleon III

• Together with Tuilleries, 45 acres constituting one of the
most imposing palaces in Europe

ROMANESQUE
GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
Chateau de Chambord
• Designed by an Italian, Domenico da Cortona
• Semi-fortified palace, most famous in Loire district
 Renaissance
Petit Trianon, Versailles CHURCHES
• Designed by JA Gabriel for Louis XV
• One of most superb pieces of domestic architecture of
the century

Church of the Val de Grace, Paris

• Projecting portal by Francois Mansart, dome by
Lemercier
history of architecture

St. Gervais, Paris

• earliest wholly-classical church facade
• by Salomon de Brosse

ROMANESQUE
GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN

St. Etienne du Mont, Paris

 Renaissance
ENGLAND STUART BUILDINGS

PERIODS

ELIZABETHAN (1558 to 1603 AD)

• During the reign of Queen Elizabeth
• Establishment of Renaissance style in England, followed
Tudor architecture Banqueting House, Whitehall, London
• Transition style with Gothic features and Renaissance • Designed by Inigo Jones
detail

JACOBEAN (1603 to 1625 AD)

STUART (1625 to 1702 AD)

• 1st Phase: Inigo Jones was influenced by Italian Queen's House
Renaissance • Influenced by Palladian architecture
• 2nd Phase: Christopher Wren was influenced by French
Renaissance

GEORGIAN (1702 to 1830 AD)

history of architecture

ELIZABETHAN MANSIONS
• Statesmen, merchants and gentry built mansions in the
countryside to suit their positions
• E-shaped plan or H-shaped plan

Hardwick Hall, Derbyshire

• Great hall, kitchen and office, living rooms, grand St. Paul's Cathedral, London
staircase, long gallery, withdrawing room or solar, towers, • Designed by Christopher Wren
gables, parapets, balustrades, chimney stacks, oriel and • Area of 6000 sq.m and a large central space under dome
bay windows for big congregations

ROMANESQUE
GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL GEORGIAN HOUSES
20TH C.: MODERN
Blenheim Palace, Oxfordshire
• Most monumental mansion in England
• Example of central block with wings
 Renaissance
SPAIN & PORTUGAL

EARLY PERIOD (1492 to 1556 AD)

• Grafting Renaissance details unto Gothic forms

In Spain:
• Plateresque, rich and poetic style, so named for its
similarity to silversmiths' work – plateria
• Influenced by Moorish art - extremely florid and
decorative, from the minuteness of detail

in Portugal:
• Manueline Style (from King Manuel I, 1495 to 1521 AD)
• Decorative rather than structural in character, inspired by
the voyages of discoverers

CLASSICAL PERIOD (1556 to 1690 AD)

• Close adherence to Italian Renaissance art The Escorial, Madrid
• Austere group of buildings, composed of the monastery,
BAROQUE PERIOD (1650 to 1750 AD) college, church and palace with state apartments
• Classical rules disregarded
history of architecture

• Churrigueresque, fantastically extravagant expression,

by Jose de Churriguera, (1650 to 1723 AD)

ANTIQUARIAN PERIOD (1750 to 1830 AD)

• Returned to ancient classical models

ROMANESQUE
GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
The University, Salamanca
• The facade is a Plateresque design masterpiece
• Admirable craftsmanship
 Renaissance
GERMANY

Heidelberg Castle
• Exemplifies progressive developments of the Early
Renaissance on the castle
• Saalbau, Heinrichsbau, Friedrichsbau
• Great watchtower and irregular court
history of architecture

ROMANESQUE
GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
Monastery, Melk
• One of most striking Baroque monuments
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE
GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE
GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE
GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE
GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE
GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE
GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE
GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE
GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE
GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE
GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE
GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE
GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 DOCUMENTARIES

The Renaissance - The Age of Michelangelo and Leonardo da

Vinci (1/2) | DW Documentary
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BmHTQsxxkPk

The Renaissance - The Age of Michelangelo and Leonardo da

Vinci (2/2) | DW Documentary
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_LMUWV1Tacs
history of architecture

Documentary Renaissance HD - The High Renaissance

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qjhnumqvOiQ

https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/itar/hd_itar.htm

ROMANESQUE https://architectureofcities.com/renaissance-architecture
GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 Significance
The mosque is an example of the mud-brick construction of the region. Typical of the Dyula mosques, the building does not have a courtyard. The flat roof is
supported by clay piers and the structure contains numerous buttresses.

Selection Criteria
history of architecture

vi. to be directly or tangibly associated with events or living traditions, with ideas, or with beliefs, with artistic and literary works of outstanding universal
significance

End of Module 3
ISLAMIC Ar. Christian Nico Pilotin
INDIAN
SRI LANKA
HOA 121 Instructor
BURMA, CAMBODIA,
THAILAND
CHINESE
JAPANESE
 • Plate No. 3

• Reproduction drawing
• Page 1. Draw the St. Peter’s Basilica, Vatican,
Rome
• Page 2. Draw the Tempietto in San Pietro, Montorio

• Plate Title: RENAISSANCE ARCHITECTURE

• Due Date: November 9, 2022

history of architecture

• Late plates to be deducted 50

• Color pencils/pens, watercolor or any other medium
• Paper size Use 9"x12"
• You may add description...
ROMANESQUE • Put the Building name
GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 Plates
• Reproduction Drawings

MATERIALS:
history of architecture

a. Sketchpad. Use 9"x12" sketchpad

b. HB pencil/s
c. Colored pens and pencils
d. Watercolor

ROMANESQUE
GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 Significance
The mosque is an example of the mud-brick construction of the region. Typical of the Dyula mosques, the building does not have a courtyard. The flat roof is
supported by clay piers and the structure contains numerous buttresses.

Selection Criteria
history of architecture

vi. to be directly or tangibly associated with events or living traditions, with ideas, or with beliefs, with artistic and literary works of outstanding universal
significance
Color Code

SUBJECT

ROMANESQUE
GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 BS ARCH BS ARCH BS ARCH BS ARCH

HOA 2 HOA 2 HOA 2 HOA 2

history of architecture

ROMANESQUE
GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 Guidelines for Submission of Plates
1. Refer to Drawing Schedule for due dates of each Plates
2. Prepare to take a photo/scan of your finished/ completed Plate (whole paper)
3. Required format .jpeg
4. Rename photo: Program/Section, Course, Plate No., Last Name, First Name
(example below)
Significance
The BSARCH3A_HOA134_P1_DELACRUZ_JUAN
mosque is an example of the mud-brick construction of the region. Typical of the Dyula mosques, the building does not have a courtyard. The flat roof is
supported by clay piers and the structure contains numerous buttresses.

Selection Criteria
history of architecture

vi. to be directly or tangibly associated with events or living traditions, with ideas, or with beliefs, with artistic and literary works of outstanding universal
significance

5. Click "Classwork" from Google Classroom.com

6. Click "View assignment" from WEEKLY topic/ module assigned
7. From "Your Work" + Add or create, File (to upload photo of your Plate)
8. Click "Turn in" for final submission
9. Submit
ISLAMIC
photo on or before due date
INDIAN
SRI LANKA

BURMA, CAMBODIA,
THAILAND
CHINESE
JAPANESE
 Guidelines for Submission of Plates
10. Every end of MODULE basis for deadline of delivery of compiled Plates.
11. Submit package on or before due date.
12. Prepare Plates for package delivery through courier.
13. Securely seal your package.
14. Shouldn't have tears, rips, bends, or other damage upon delivery.
Significance
The mosque15. Properly label your package (example below) of the Dyula mosques, the building does not have a courtyard. The flat roof is
is an example of the mud-brick construction of the region. Typical
supported by clay piers and the structure contains numerous buttresses.
Sender: JUAN DELA CRUZ
FLORENTINO ST., BRGY I, Selection Criteria
history of architecture

vi. to be directly or tangibly associated with events or living traditions, with ideas, or with beliefs, with artistic and literary works of outstanding universal
VIGAN CITY, ILOCOS SUR significance
+63 9088000000
Receiver: CHRISTIAN NICO R. PILOTIN
2F JUAN LUNA HALL BLDG, UNIV. OF NORTHERN PHILS, TAMAG,
VIGAN CITY 2700
+63 9063939294

ISLAMIC

INDIAN
SRI LANKA

BURMA, CAMBODIA,
THAILAND
CHINESE
JAPANESE