A 1100EET301122102 Pages: 3

Reg No.:_______________ Name:__________________________

APJ ABDUL KALAM TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Fifth Semester B.Tech Degree Examination December 2021 (2019 scheme)

Course Code: EET 301

Course Name: POWER SYSTEMS I
Max. Marks: 100 Duration: 3 Hours
PART A
(Answer all questions; each question carries 3 marks) Marks
1 What is load factor and what is its importance? 3
2 Explain the functions of the following. (i) Super heater (ii) Economiser (iii) air 3
pre heater
3 Explain the concept of self GMD and mutual GMD for overhead line. 3
4 The three conductors of a three phase lines are arranged at the corners of a
triangle of sides 2m, 2.5m, and 4.5m. Calculate the inductance per km of the line 3
when the conductors are regularly transposed. The diameter of each conductor is
1.24cm
5 What do you mean by Surge Impedance Loading? 3
6 Explain methods to reduce the corona in transmission lines 3
7 Define following terms 3
(i) Arc voltage (ii) Restriking voltage (iii) recovery voltage
8 Differentiate between switching and lightning surges 3
9 Write notes on different types of distribution systems. 3
10 What is effect of power factor on the cost of generation? 3
PART B
(Answer one full question from each module, each question carries 14 marks)
Module -1
11 a) With a neat schematic diagram explain the working of a nuclear power plant 10
b) A generating station has a connected load of 23MW and a maximum demand of
20MW, the unit generated being 61.5×106 per annum, calculate (a) demand 4
factor (b) average demand (c) load factor
12 a) With the help of a block diagram, explain the working of wind energy conversion 7
system.
b) Explain the design steps of a ground mounted solar farm. 7

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 1100EET301122102

Module -2
13 Derive the expression for capacitance of a three phase transmission line with
(i) Symmetrical spacing and (ii) Unsymmetrical spacing 14
14 a) What is meant by transposition of lines? What are its advantages 4
b) In a three phase transmission line with 132KV at the receiving end, the following
are the transmission constants: A=D= 0.98<3o, B=110<75o Ω, C=0.0005<88o S. 5
If the load at the receiving end is 50MVA at 0.8 lagging power factor. Determine
the voltage, current and power factor at the sending end.
c) Derive the expression for inductance of a single phase overhead transmission line 5
Module -3
15 a) What do you mean by sag? Derive the expression for sag when the supports are
at same level. 7
b) What are FACTS devices? How are they classified? Explain the working of any 7
one FACTS device with the help of a diagram.
16 a) A three phase transmission line is being supported by three disc insulators. The
potential across top unit and middle unit are 8KV and 11KV respectively. 6
Calculate (i) The ratio of capacitance between pin and earth to the self
capacitance of each unit (ii)The line voltage (iii) String efficiency
b) With the help of diagrams, explain what do you mean by intersheath grading. 8
Module -4
17 a) What are the basic requirements of a protective relaying? 6
b) Explain the construction and working of SF6 Circuit breaker 8
18 a) Explain the working of microprocessor based over current relay with the help of 6
block diagram
b) Explain with the help of a diagram, the construction and working of any one type 8
of surge diverter.
Module -5
19 a) Derive an expression for the most economical value of power factor which may
be attained by a consumer 7
b) A single phase distributor 2 kilometres long supplies a load of 120 A at 0·8 p.f.
lagging at its far end and a load of 80 A at 0·9 p.f. lagging at its mid-point. Both
power factors are referred to the voltage at the far end. The resistance and 7

reactance per km are 0·05 Ω and 0·1 Ω respectively. If the voltage at the far end

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 1100EET301122102

is maintained at 230 V, calculate: (i) voltage at the sending end (ii) phase angle
between voltages at the two ends
20 a) Write short notes on the following 6
i Two-part tariff
ii Three part tariff
iii Power factor tariff
b) Write short notes on distribution automation system 4
c) What do you mean by an aerial bunched cable? Compare its advantages and 4
disadvantages.
*****

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 A Pages: 2
06000EE301122001

Reg No.:_______________ Name:__________________________

APJ ABDUL KALAM TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Fifth Semester B.Tech Degree (S,FE) Examination January 2022 (2015 Scheme)

Course Code: EE301

Course Name: POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION AND PROTECTION
Max. Marks: 100 Duration: 3 Hours
PART A
Answer all questions, each carries 5 marks. Marks

1 Suppose a power station has to meet the following demands : (5)

Group A : 200 kW between 10 AM and 8 PM
Group B : 100 kW between 6 AM and 10 AM
Group C : 50 kW between 7 AM and 11 AM
Group D : 100 kW between 8 AM and 4 PM and then between 6 PM
and 6 AM
Plot the daily load curve and hence determine the number of units
generated per day.
2 A two-conductor single phase transmission line operates at 50Hz. Diameter of (5)
each conductor is 20mm and the spacing between the conductors is 3m. Calculate
loop inductance of line/km and inductive reactance/km.
3 With the help of a diagram, explain what do you mean by an ACSR conductor. (5)
What are its advantages?
4 Analyse any five advantages of HVDC systems over HVAC systems. (5)
5 Define RRRV. Derive an expression for it. (5)
6 With the help of a neat diagram, explain the working of a thermal relay. (5)
7 Discuss the different causes of over voltages. (5)
8 With the help of a neat diagram, illustrate how stator inter turn protection of an (5)
alternator is done.
PART B
Answer any two full questions, each carries 10 marks.
9 With the help of a block diagram, explain the working of a wind energy (10)
conversion system. Discuss about any four disadvantages of wind power.

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 06000EE301122001

10 a) With the help of a vector diagram, derive an expression for capacitance required (5)
to improve the power factor from cosφ1 to cosφ2.
b) Discuss the need for transposition of conductors and explain how it is done. (5)

11 a) Derive ABCD Constants of a medium transmission lines using nominal π (7)

method. Also draw the phasor diagram.
b) With the help of a vector diagram, explain what do you mean by Ferranti effect. (3)
PART C
Answer any two full questions, each carries10 marks.
12 a) What do you mean by sag template? Explain its necessity. (5)
b) In a 33 kV overhead line, there are three units in the string of insulators. If the (5)
capacitance between each insulator pin and earth is 11% of self-capacitance of
each insulator, find (i) voltage across the top, middle and bottom unit and (ii)
string efficiency.
13 a) Compare the volume of conductor material required in a 2 wire d.c system with a (5)
single phase 2 wire ac system.
b) The core diameter of a single-core cable is 2·5 cm and resistivity of insulation is (5)
4·5 × Ω-cm. If the insulation resistance is 495 MΩ per km, find the
insulation thickness.
14 a) Analyse the benefits of FACTS devices. (5)
b) Illustrate the need for grading of underground cables. Explain any one method (5)
with the help of a diagram.

PART D
Answer any two full questions, each carries 10 marks.
15 a) Explain the working of a vacuum circuit breaker with the help of a diagram. (6)
b) Define the different ratings of a circuit breaker. (4)
16 a) With the help of a block diagram, explain the working of a microprocessor-based (5)
relay.
b) With necessary sketches, explain different types of AC distributors. (5)
17 a) What do you mean by insulation co-ordination? Why is it necessary? (4)
b) With the help of a neat diagram, explain the working of a percentage differential (6)
protection of transformers.
****

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 03000EE301092002
A Pages: 3

Reg No.:_______________ Name:__________________________

APJ ABDUL KALAM TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Fifth Semester B.Tech Degree Regular and Supplementary Examination December 2020

Course Code: EE301

Course Name: POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION AND PROTECTION
Max. Marks: 100 Duration: 3 Hours

PART A
Answer all questions, each carries5 marks. Marks
1 With neat sketch explain the working of a nuclear power station. (5)
2 A long transmission line when lightly loaded causes the receiving end voltage (5)
to exceed the sending end voltage. Justify with neat phasor diagram.
3 Obtain the most economical size of conductor according to Kelvin’s law. Also (5)
list any 4 limitations of Kelvin’s law.
4 Explain the construction of underground cables with neat figure. (5)
5 Illustrate the significance of dividing the power system into various protection (5)
zones.
6 Differentiate between breaking capacity and making capacity with necessary (5)
equations.
7 Explain stator inter-turn protection method of alternator. (5)
8 With necessary figures explain the actions performed by a lightning arrester. (5)
PART B
Answer any two full questions, each carries 10 marks.
9 A power station has to meet the following demand: (10)
Group A: 300 kW between 8 AM and 6 PM
Group B: 200 kW between 6AM and 10 AM
Group C: 50 kW between 6 AM and 10 AM
Group D: 100 kW between 10 AM and 6 PM and then between 6 PM and 6
AM. Plot daily load curve and determine (i) Diversity factor (ii) Units
generated per day (iii) Load factor
10 a) Explain the significance of transposition in transmission lines. (4 )
b) Find the inductance per phase per km of double circuit three phase line shown (6)
in figure. The conductors are transposed and are of radius 0.9cm each. The

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 03000EE301092002

phase sequence is ABC.

11 a) Explain the role of synchronous condensers in improving power factor with (5)
phasor diagram.
b) Derive the ABCD constants of nominal π configuration in transmission lines (5)
with necessary figures.
PART C
Answer any two full questions, each carries 10 marks.
12 a) “The disc nearest to the conductor has maximum voltage drop across it.” Prove (6)
for a 3 disc suspension string insulator with neat figure.
b) Illustrate the configuration of ACSR conductors and list its main features. (4)
13 a) Derive maximum and minimum dielectric stress for a single core cable with (5)
neat figure.
b) Explain the different types of DC links with neat figures. (5)
14 a) A transmission line has a span of 375m between level supports. The conductor (6)
has an effective diameter of 1.96cm and weighs 0.865kg/m. Its ultimate
strength is 6000kg. If the conductor has ice coating of radial thickness 1.27cm
and is subjected to a wind pressure of 3.9gm/cm2nof projected area, calculate
sag for a safety factor of 2. Weight of 1cc of ice is 0.91gm.
b) Explain any four factors affecting corona. (4)

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 03000EE301092002

PART D
Answer any two full questions, each carries 10 marks.
15 a) With neat figure explain the following: (4)
(a) Arc Voltage (b) Restriking Voltage (c) Recovery Voltage
b) Explain the working principle of electromagnetic induction type relays. (6)
16 a) Explain the basic protection scheme employed using microprocessor. (5)
b) With neat figure explain principle of operation of thermal relays. (5)
17 a) An electric train runs between two sub-stations 6km apart maintained at (7)
voltages 600V and 590V respectively and draws a constant current of 300A
while in motion. The track resistance of go and return path is 0.04Ω/km.
Calculate:
(i) The point along the track where minimum potential occurs
(ii) The current supplied by the two sub-stations when the train is at the
point of minimum potential.
b) Write short notes on insulation coordination. (3)
****

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 03000EE301092002
A Pages: 3

Reg No.:_______________ Name:__________________________

APJ ABDUL KALAM TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Fifth Semester B.Tech Degree Regular and Supplementary Examination December 2020

Course Code: EE301

Course Name: POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION AND PROTECTION
Max. Marks: 100 Duration: 3 Hours

PART A
Answer all questions, each carries5 marks. Marks
1 With neat sketch explain the working of a nuclear power station. (5)
2 A long transmission line when lightly loaded causes the receiving end voltage (5)
to exceed the sending end voltage. Justify with neat phasor diagram.
3 Obtain the most economical size of conductor according to Kelvin’s law. Also (5)
list any 4 limitations of Kelvin’s law.
4 Explain the construction of underground cables with neat figure. (5)
5 Illustrate the significance of dividing the power system into various protection (5)
zones.
6 Differentiate between breaking capacity and making capacity with necessary (5)
equations.
7 Explain stator inter-turn protection method of alternator. (5)
8 With necessary figures explain the actions performed by a lightning arrester. (5)
PART B
Answer any two full questions, each carries 10 marks.
9 A power station has to meet the following demand: (10)
Group A: 300 kW between 8 AM and 6 PM
Group B: 200 kW between 6AM and 10 AM
Group C: 50 kW between 6 AM and 10 AM
Group D: 100 kW between 10 AM and 6 PM and then between 6 PM and 6
AM. Plot daily load curve and determine (i) Diversity factor (ii) Units
generated per day (iii) Load factor
10 a) Explain the significance of transposition in transmission lines. (4 )
b) Find the inductance per phase per km of double circuit three phase line shown (6)
in figure. The conductors are transposed and are of radius 0.9cm each. The

Page 1 of 3
 03000EE301092002

phase sequence is ABC.

11 a) Explain the role of synchronous condensers in improving power factor with (5)
phasor diagram.
b) Derive the ABCD constants of nominal π configuration in transmission lines (5)
with necessary figures.
PART C
Answer any two full questions, each carries 10 marks.
12 a) “The disc nearest to the conductor has maximum voltage drop across it.” Prove (6)
for a 3 disc suspension string insulator with neat figure.
b) Illustrate the configuration of ACSR conductors and list its main features. (4)
13 a) Derive maximum and minimum dielectric stress for a single core cable with (5)
neat figure.
b) Explain the different types of DC links with neat figures. (5)
14 a) A transmission line has a span of 375m between level supports. The conductor (6)
has an effective diameter of 1.96cm and weighs 0.865kg/m. Its ultimate
strength is 6000kg. If the conductor has ice coating of radial thickness 1.27cm
and is subjected to a wind pressure of 3.9gm/cm2nof projected area, calculate
sag for a safety factor of 2. Weight of 1cc of ice is 0.91gm.
b) Explain any four factors affecting corona. (4)

Page 2 of 3
 03000EE301092002

PART D
Answer any two full questions, each carries 10 marks.
15 a) With neat figure explain the following: (4)
(a) Arc Voltage (b) Restriking Voltage (c) Recovery Voltage
b) Explain the working principle of electromagnetic induction type relays. (6)
16 a) Explain the basic protection scheme employed using microprocessor. (5)
b) With neat figure explain principle of operation of thermal relays. (5)
17 a) An electric train runs between two sub-stations 6km apart maintained at (7)
voltages 600V and 590V respectively and draws a constant current of 300A
while in motion. The track resistance of go and return path is 0.04Ω/km.
Calculate:
(i) The point along the track where minimum potential occurs
(ii) The current supplied by the two sub-stations when the train is at the
point of minimum potential.
b) Write short notes on insulation coordination. (3)
****

Page 3 of 3
A 03000EE301092001 Pages: 3

Reg No.:_______________ Name:__________________________

APJ ABDUL KALAM TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
B.Tech S5 (S) Examination September 2020

Course Code: EE301

Course Name: POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION AND PROTECTION

Max. Marks: 100 Duration: 3 Hours

PART A
Answer all questions, each carries5 marks. Marks
1 Explain the general arrangement and operation of a hydro electric power plant. (5)
2 The receiving end voltage of an unloaded long line may be more than the (5)
sending end voltage. Explain this phenomenon with the help of a phasor
diagram.
3 Explain Kelvin’s law. What are its limitations? (5)
4 Describe the phenomenon of corona. Explain any three factors which affect (5)
corona loss.
5 Explain the arc quenching theorems in a circuit breaker. (5)
6 Explain the fundamental requirements of protective relaying. (5)
7 Differentiate between surge diverter and surge absorber. What are the (5)
characteristics of an ideal surge diverter.
8 Explain briefly various systems of primary distribution in the case of ac. (5)
.
PART B
Answer any two full questions, each carries 10 marks.
9 a) Define the term Diversity factor and prove that the load factor of a supply (5)
system is improved by an increase in diversity of load.
b) Find the sending end voltage and voltage regulation of a 250 km, 3 phase, 50 (5)
Hz transmission line delivering 25 MVA at 0.8 pf lag to a balanced load at 132
kV. The inductance of the line is 1.25mH/km/ph and the shunt capacitance is
0.0095 µF/km/ph. Use nominal π method.
10 a) From first principles, derive the equation for the loop inductance of a single (5)
phase over head line.
b) A synchronous motor improves the power factor of a load of 250 kW from 0.75 (5)

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 03000EE301092001

to 0.9 lagging. Simultaneously the motor carries a load of 100 kW. Find (1) the
leading KVAR taken by the motor (2) KVA rating of the motor and pf at which
the motor operates.
11 a) With the help of block diagrams explain the working of a solar power plant and (5)
a wind power plant.
b) Derive the capacitance of a single phase transmission line, considering the (5)
effect of earth.
PART C
Answer any two full questions, each carries 10 marks.
12 a) Explain the configuration of FC+ TCR. (5)
b) A single core cable has a conductor radius 2 cm and inside sheath radius 4 cm. (5)
It is provided with one inter heath so that limits of maximum and minimum
electric stresses is the same in the two layers of dielectric. The system voltage
is 66kV, 3 phase.
Find (a) the radius of inter sheath and its voltage (b) the ratio of maximum
electric stress with and without inter sheath.
13 a) Explain the power transfer equations in ac transmission and dc transmission. (5)
b) A string of 5 suspension insulators is to be graded for obtaining uniform (5)
voltage distribution across the string. If the pin to earth capacitance are all
equal to C and the mutual capacitance of the top insulator is 10 C, find the
mutual capacitance of each unit in terms of C.
14 a) Classify the types of HVDC links and explain the construction and working of (5)
each type with the help of necessary diagrams.
b) Assuming that the shape of an over head line can be approximated by a (5)
parabola, derive the expression for sag. How the effect of wind and ice loadings
can be taken into account.
PART D
Answer any two full questions, each carries 10 marks.
15 a) Compare the arc rupture in oil and air blast circuit breakers and summarize the (5)
relative advantages and disadvantages of these types of switch gears.
b) With the help of a neat diagram explain the Buchholz's protection for (5)
transformers.
16 a) Explain how an amplitude comparator can be converted to a phase comparator (5)
and vice versa.

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 03000EE301092001

b) What are the causes of over voltages arising on a power system? (3)

c) Explain the term insulation co ordination. (2)

17 a) Draw a neat sketch of an induction disc relay and explain its construction and (5)
operation.
b) A dc two wire distributor AB of 300m long is fed at both ends A and B. It (5)
supplies uniformly distributed load of 0.15A/m and concentrated loads of 50A,
60A and 40A at distances of 75m, 175m and 225m respectively from the end
A. The potentials of feeding points A and B are 206 V and 200 V respectively.
The resistance of each wire is 0.00015 ohm/m. Find the currents fed at points A
and B.
****

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A E192011 Pages:3

Reg No.:_______________ Name:__________________________

APJ ABDUL KALAM TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
FIFTH SEMESTER B.TECH DEGREE EXAMINATION(R&S), DECEMBER 2019
Course Code: EE301
Course Name: POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION AND PROTECTION
Max. Marks: 100 Duration: 3 Hours
PART A
Answer all questions, each carries5 marks. Marks

1 What is Load curve. Explain the significance of Load curve. (5 )

2 Derive an expression for the capacitance of a single phase transmission line. (5 )
3 Each line of a 3-phase system is suspended by a string of three similar (5)
insulators. If the voltage across the line unit is 17.5kV. Calculate the line to
neutral voltage. Assume that the shunt capacitance between each insulator and
earth is 1/8th of the capacitance of the insulator itself. Also calculate the string
efficiency.
4 Explain TCR configuration (5)
5 A circuit breaker interrupts the magnetising current of 100MVA transformer at (5)
220kV.The magnetising current of the transformer is 5% of the full load current.
Determine the maximum voltage which may appear across the gap of the breaker
when the magnetising current is interrupted at 53% of its peak value. The stray
capacitance is 2500µF.The inductance is 30H.
6 With the help of a block diagram explain the working of a microprocessor based (5)
over current relay.
7 With help of a neat diagram explain the working of a Buchholz relay. (5)
8 Distinguish between radial and ring main distribution systems. Enlist their (5)
advantages and disadvantages.
PART B
Answer any twofull questions, each carries10 marks.
9 a) With a neat figure explain the working of Hydro electric power plant. (6 )
b) A power station has a maximum demand of 15000kW.The annual load factor is ( 4)
50% and capacity factor is 40%. Determine the reserve capacity of the plant.

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A E192011 Pages:3

10 a) Power Factor of a 3-φ load of 25kW at 415V, 50Hz is to be improved from 0.6 ( 6)
to 0.9. Calculate the value of the capacitance required in each branch , if the
capacitor bank is in delta configuration.

b) Explain Ferranti Effect. (4)

11 a) Derive an expression for the inductance of an isolated current carrying (5)
conductor.
b) A 15km long 3 phase line has a resistance of 5.31ohms per phase and inductive (5)
reactance of 5.54ohms per phase. The sending end voltage is 11kV.The receiving
end load is 1200kW at a power factor of 0.8 lagging. Find the receiving end
voltage and line current.(Sending end and receiving end are star connected)
PART C
Answer any twofull questions, each carries10 marks.
12 a) A two conductor cable 1km long is required to supply a constant current of ( 5)
200A throughout the year. The cost of cable including installation is Rs.
(20a+20)per metre where a is the area of cross section of the conductor in cm 2.
The cost of energy is 5P per kWh and interest and depreciation charges amount
to 10%. Calculate the most economical conductor size. Assume resistivity of
conductor material is 1.73µΩcm.
b) What is Corona? What are the factors affecting Corona? What are the methods ( 5)
to reduce Corona.
13 a) The capacitances of a 3-phase belted cable are 12.6µF between the three cores (6)
bunched together and the lead sheath and 7.4µF between one core and the other
two connected to sheath. Find the charging current drawn by the cable when
connected to 66kV, 50Hz, star connected supply.
b) What are the advantages of dc transmission over ac transmission. (4)
14 a) Explain the configuration of a TCSC (4)
b) A transmission line at a river crossing is supported by two towers 50m and (6)
55mabove water level. The horizontal distance between towers is 300m. The
tension in the conductor is 2000kg and weight of conductor is 0.85 kg/m. a) Find
the minimum clearance between conductor and water b) Determine the position
of minimum clearance.

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A E192011 Pages:3

PART D
Answer any twofull questions, each carries 10 marks.
15 a) With the help of a neat diagram explain the working of Puffer type SF6 circuit ( 4)
breaker.
b) In a 220kV system, the reactance and capacitance up to the location of circuit ( 6)
breaker is 8Ω and 0.025µF respectively. A resistance of 600Ω is connected
across the contacts of the circuit breaker. Determine the following.
a)Natural frequency of oscillation
b)Damped frequency of oscillation
c) Critical value of resistance which will give no transient oscillation.
16 a) With the help of neat diagram explain the working of a watt hour metre type (5)
electromagnetic relay.
b) With the help of a neat diagram explain the working of percentage differential (5)
protection used in transformer.
17 a) An 11kV, 100MVA alternator is provided with differential protection. The (5)
percentage of winding to be protected against phase to ground fault is 85%. The
relay is set to operate when there is 20% out of balance current. Determine the
value of the resistance to be placed in the neutral to ground connection.
b) With the help of a neat diagram explain the working of a surge diverter. (5)
****

Page 3 of 3
A R5922 Pages: 2

Reg No.:_______________ Name:__________________________

APJ ABDUL KALAM TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

FIFTH SEMESTER B.TECH DEGREE EXAMINATION, DECEMBER 2018
Course Code: EE301
Course Name: POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION AND PROTECTION
Max. Marks: 100 Duration: 3 Hours

PART A
Answer all questions, each carries5 marks. Marks

1 With the help of a block diagram explain wind power generation (5)
2 What is transposition of lines? Comment on its necessity in the system. (5)
3 Comment on the effect of wind and ice loading on transmission line with respect (5)
to change in sag calculation.
4 List the advantages and disadvantages of HVDC transmission. (5)
5 Clarify the term duality in terms of amplitude and phase comparators. (5)
6 Discuss the problems associated with capacitive current chopping. (5)
7 State the main types of distribution systems and compare their applications. (5)
8 What is meant by earth fault protection of an alternator? How is it implemented? (5)
PART B
Answer any two full questions, each carries 10 marks.
9 a) A proposed station has the following load cycle: (5)
Time in hours: 6-8 8-11 11-16 16-19 19-22 22-24 24-6
Load in MW: 20 40 50 35 70 40 20
Draw the load curve and select suitable generator units from 10,000, 20,000,
25,000, 30,000 kVA. Prepare the operation schedule for the selected machines
and determine the load factor from the curve.
b) State Skin Effect and Ferranti Effect and elucidate them with necessary diagrams (5)
10 a) Enlighten upon the various components and their operation in a hydroelectric (5)
power plant for energy production.
b) Derive the expression for capacitance in a single phase overhead line under the (5)
influence of earth effect.
11 a) Mention the merits and demerits of solar power generation in bulk and explain (5)
with respect to live examples.
b) Classify transmission lines according to their length and enlist the line models. (5)
Derive the ABCD constants for medium lines using nominal π method.

Page 1 of 2
A R5922 Pages: 2

PART C
Answer any two full questions, each carries 10 marks.
12 a) Illustrate the methods used for improving string efficiency of overhead line (5)
insulators.
b) Derive the expressions for capacitance and insulation resistance of a single core (5)
cable.
13 a) Explain the advantages and disadvantages of corona. (5)
b) With the aid of single line diagrams, differentiate between mono polar and (5)
bipolar types of HVDC links. Comment on their use in the system.
14 a) Discuss the various conductor materials used for overhead lines. What are their (5)
relative merits and demerits?
b) Draw the configuration of FC+TCR. Explain its operation. (5)

PART D
Answer any two full questions, each carries 10 marks.

15 a) Derive the expression for Rate of Rise of Restriking Voltage. (5)

b) What factors cause difficulty in applying circulating current principle to a power (5)
transformer?
16 a) With a neat diagram, explain the arc extinction in VCB. (5)
b) Explain the working of a surge diverter. (5)
17 a) Explain the operation of a microprocessor based over-current relay with the aid (5)
of a block diagram.
b) A single phase distributor has a total impedance of Ω. At the far (5)
end , a current of 80A at 0.8 p.f. lagging and at mid-point a current of 100A
at 0.6 p.f. lagging are tapped. If the voltage of the far end is maintained at 200V,
determine: (i) Supply end voltage and (ii) Phase angle between and . The
load power factors are with respect to the voltage at the far end.
****

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A E1108 Pages: 3

Reg No.:_______________ Name:__________________________

APJ ABDUL KALAM TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
FIFTH SEMESTER B.TECH DEGREE EXAMINATION(S), MAY 2019
Course Code: EE301
Course Name: POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION AND PROTECTION
Max. Marks: 100 Duration: 3 Hours
PART A
Answer all questions, each carries5 marks. Marks

1 What are the limiting factors in tapping the wind and solar potential? ( 5)
2 Explain the principle and causes of proximity effect and Ferranti effect using ( 5)
appropriate figures
3 What are the critical voltages in the formation of Corona? What is the effect of (5)
Corona?
4 With a neat cross sectional view show the constructional features of an EHT (5)
Cable.
5 What are the essential qualities required by any insulating medium used for arc (5)
quenching? What are the usual insulating media used?
6 Explain the significant features of a Microprocessor based relay. (5)
7 What makes the differential protection very significant in the protection (5)
schemes of electrical machines and transformers?
8 Calculate the voltage drop and Power loss for a radial load of 120A, 0.8 pf lag (5)
supplied by a 6.6kV Three Phase system with a branch impedance of 2 +j2
ohms.
PART B
Answer any two full questions, each carries10 marks.
9 a) With a neat sketch explain the principle of working of a High Head Hydro- ( 5)
electric Power Station.
b) An 80 km long transmission line has a series impedance of (0.15+j0.75) ohm (5)
per km and a shunt admittance of j5.1 x 10-6 ohm per km. Find the A, B, C, D
parameters by Nominal Pi method.
10 a) Derive the inductance of a single phase transmission line with three (5 )
conductors arranged vertically in Side A and two conductors in Side B. The
distance between adjacent conductors in each Side is 6m and that between the

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sides are 8m. Each conductor is of radius 0.3cm.

b) A generating station has the following maximum loads: 16000kW, 12000kW, (5)
10000kW, 7000kW and 800kW. The annual load factor is 50%. Calculate the
diversity factor and annual energy consumption if the maximum demand on
the station is noted as 24000kW.
11 a) A 3-phase 500-HP 50Hz, 11kV star connected induction motor has a full load (5)
efficiency of 85% and a lagging p.f. of 0.8. It is connected to a feeder and it is
desired to correct the p.f. to 0.95 lagging. Determine :
(i) The Capacitor bank rating in kVAR and
(ii) The capacitance of each unit if the units are connected in Star.
b) Derive the Capacitance of a single phase overhead transmission line (5)
considering the effect of earth.
PART C
Answer any two full questions, each carries10 marks.
12 a) Following results are obtained by making experiments on three phase, three ( 5)
core metal sheathed cable:
(a) Capacitance between all the three bunched conductors and sheath is 1.2
micro Farad.
(b) Capacitance between any one conductor and sheath and the other two being
insulated is 0.8 micro Farad.
Calculate the capacitance (C) between any two conductors when the third
conductor is connected to the sheath.
b) A transmission line conductor at a river crossing is supported from two towers (5 )
at a height of 45m and 75m above the water level. The span length is 300m.
Weight of the conductor is 0.85kg/m. Determine the clearance between the
conductor and water at a point midway between towers if the tension in the
conductor is 2050kg.
13 a) What is the expansion of FACTS? What are the devices used as FACTS (5)
devices? Why are they significant in the present scenario?
b) A three phase overhead transmission line is supported by three disc suspension (5)
insulators. The potentials across the first and second insulator are 9kV and
12kV respectively. Find out:

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(i) The line voltage and

(ii) The string efficiency

14 a) What are the advantages and disadvantages of HVDC transmission systems? (4)
b) Derive Kelvin’s law for conductors (4)
c) What are the advantages of bundling of conductors? (2)
PART D
Answer any two full questions, each carries 10 marks.

15 a) In a short circuit test on a 132kV three phase system, the breaker gave the ( 6)
following result: power factor of the fault =0.6, recovery voltage 0.97of full
line value; the breaking current is symmetrical and the restriking transient had
a natural frequency of 16kHz. Determine the rate of rise of restriking voltage.
Assume that the fault is grounded.
b) Derive the equations for voltage drop and current loss in a two wire ring main (4)
distributor supplied by (i) DC and (ii) AC Voltages.
16 a) With a neat sketch explain the principle of operation of an Air Blast Circuit (5)
Breaker
b) What are the primary causes of over voltages? How are the equipments (5)
protected from over voltages?
17 a) Explain the principle of operation of a static over current relay. (5)
b) What are the three main protection aspects included in the protection of (5)
alternators? Why are they significant?
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