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Assignment PDC

The document outlines various problems related to control systems, including first and second order systems, controller and final control elements, stability analysis, and advanced control techniques. Each problem requires calculations or plots to determine system responses, stability criteria, and controller parameters. Topics include time constants, percent overshoot, PID controller settings, and Nyquist stability criteria.

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Shreya Sadhukhan
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
21 views

Assignment PDC

The document outlines various problems related to control systems, including first and second order systems, controller and final control elements, stability analysis, and advanced control techniques. Each problem requires calculations or plots to determine system responses, stability criteria, and controller parameters. Topics include time constants, percent overshoot, PID controller settings, and Nyquist stability criteria.

Uploaded by

Shreya Sadhukhan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assignment 1

1st Order System

Problem 1: A thermometer having a time constant* of 0.1 min is at a steady-state temperature of 90%
At time t = 0, the thermometer is placed in a temperature bath maintained at 100°F. Determine the
time needed for the thermometer to read 98”. (The time constant given in this problem applies to the
thermometer when it is located in the temperature bath. The time constant for the thermometer in air
will be considerably different from that given because of the lower heat-transfer coefficient in air.)
(Page 57)

Problem 2: A mercury thermometer having a time constant of 0.1 min is placed in a temperature bath
at 100°F and allowed to come to equilibrium with the bath. At time t = 0, the temperature of the bath
begins to vary sinusoidally about its average temperature of lOO˚F with an amplitude of 2°F If the
frequency of oscillation is 101~cycles/min, plot the ultimate response of the thermometer reading as a
function of time. What is the phase lag? (Page 60)

2nd Order System

Problem 1: (Page 104) A step change of magnitude 4 is introduced into a system having the transfer
function
𝒀(𝒔) 𝟏𝟎
=
𝑿 (𝒔) 𝒔𝟐 + 𝟏. 𝟔𝒔 + 𝟒

Determine

(a) Percent overshoot

(b) Rise time

(c) Maximum value of Y(t)

(d) Ultimate value of Y(f)

(e) Period of oscillation

Controller and Final Control Element

Problem 1: (Page 129): A pneumatic proportional controller is used to control temperature within
the range of 60 to 1OO˚F. The controller is adjusted so that the output pressure goes from 3 psi (valve
fully open) to 15 psi (valve fully closed) as the measured temperature goes for 71 to 75˚F with the set
point held constant. Find the gain and the proportional band.

Problem 2 (Page 134): A PID controller is at steady state with an output pressure of 9 psig. The set
point and pen point are initially together. At time t = 0, the set point is moved away from the pen point
at a rate of 0.5 in./min. The motion of the set point is in the direction of lower readings. If the knob
settings are

K, = 2 psig/in. of pen travel

τi = 1.25min

τD = 0.4min

plot the output pressure versus time.


Servo problem and Regulator problem

Problem 1 (Page 159): The set point of the control system shown in following Figure is given a step
change of 0.1 unit. Determine: (a) The maximum value of y and the time at which it occurs. (b) The
offset. (c) The period of oscillation. Draw a sketch of y(t) as a function of time.

Stability

Characteristics equation

Problem 1 (Page 171): Given the characteristic equation

𝒔𝟒 + 𝟑𝒔𝟑 + 𝟓𝒔𝟐 + 𝟒𝒔 + 𝟐 = 𝟎

determine the stability by the Routh criterion


1 1
Problem 2 (Page 172): (a) Using 𝜏1 = 1, 𝜏2 = 2 , 𝜏3 = 3, determine the values of KC, for which the
control system in following Figure is stable. (b) For the value of K, for which the system is on the
threshold of instability, determine the roots of the characteristic equation with the help of Theorem 3.

Figure: Third-order control system

Problem 3 (Page 173): Determine the stability of the system shown in above Figure (Problem 2 in
1 1
Stability section) for which a PI controller is used. Use 𝜏1 = 1, 𝜏2 = 2 , 𝜏3 = 3 , 𝐾𝐶 = 5 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝜏𝐼 = 0.25.

Nyquist Plot

Using Nyquist stability criterion, Investigate the stability of a closed-loop system whose open-loop
transfer function is given by,
𝟏𝟎
𝑮(𝒔)𝑯(𝒔) =
(𝒔 + 𝟏)(𝒔 + 𝟐)

Polar plot

Problem 1: Consider the open loop transfer function of a closed loop control system.

𝟓
𝑮(𝒔)𝑯(𝒔) =
𝒔(𝒔 + 𝟏)(𝒔 + 𝟐)
Let us draw the polar plot for this control system using the above rules.

Root locus
Problem 1: Draw the root locus for the open loop transfer function of unity feedback control system
given below
𝑲
𝑮(𝒔)𝑯(𝒔) =
𝒔(𝒔 + 𝟏)(𝒔 + 𝟑)

Advanced control system (study)

1. Cascade control
2. Split range
3. Ratio control
4. Feed forward

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