AW S A c a d e m y C l o u d F o u n d a t i o n s

Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview

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Module overview

Topics
• Introduction to cloud computing
• Advantages of cloud computing
• Introduction to Amazon Web Services (AWS)
• AWS Cloud Adoption Framework (AWS CAF)

Knowledge check

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Module objectives

After completing this module, you should be able to:

• Define different types of cloud computing models
• Describe six advantages of cloud computing
• Recognize the main AWS service categories and core services
• Review the AWS Cloud Adoption Framework (AWS CAF)

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What is cloud computing?

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Cloud computing defined

Cloud computing is the on-demand delivery of compute power,

database, storage, applications, and other IT resources via the
internet with pay-as-you-go pricing.

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Infrastructure as software

Cloud computing enables you to stop thinking of your infrastructure

as hardware, and instead think of (and use) it as software.

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Traditional computing model

• Infrastructure as hardware
• Hardware solutions:
• Require space, staff, physical
security, planning, capital
expenditure
• Have a long hardware procurement
cycle
• Require you to provision capacity by
guessing theoretical maximum
peaks

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Cloud computing model

• Infrastructure as software
• Software solutions:
• Are flexible
• Can change more quickly, easily,
and cost-effectively than hardware
solutions
• Eliminate the undifferentiated
heavy-lifting tasks

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Cloud service models

IaaS PaaS SaaS

(infrastructure as a (platform as a (software as a
service) service) service)

More control Less control

over IT resources over IT resources

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Cloud computing deployment models

Cloud Hybrid On-premises

(private cloud)

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Similarities between AWS and traditional IT

Traditional, on-premises IT space AWS

Security
Security groups
Firewalls ACLs Administrators Network ACLs IAM

Networking
Router Network pipeline Switch Elastic Load Balancing Amazon VPC

On-premises Compute
servers Amazon EC2
AMI
instances

Storage and
DAS SAN NAS RDBMS
database Amazon EBS Amazon Amazon Amazon
EFS S3 RDS

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 • Cloud computing is the on-demand
delivery of IT resources via the internet
Section 1 key with pay-as-you-go pricing.
takeaways • Cloud computing enables you to think of
(and use) your infrastructure as
software.
• There are three cloud service models:
IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
• There are three cloud deployment
models: cloud, hybrid, and on-premises
or private cloud.
• Almost anything you can implement with
traditional IT can also be implemented
as an AWS cloud computing service.
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Trade capital expense for variable expense

Capital

Data center investment Pay only for the amount

based on forecast you consume

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Massive economies of scale

Because of aggregate usage from all customers, AWS can achieve

higher economies of scale and pass savings on to customers.

AWS Cloud

Economies of scale Savings

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Stop guessing capacity

Overestimated Underestimated Scaling on

server capacity server capacity demand

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Increase speed and agility

Launch

Weeks between wanting Minutes between wanting

resources and having resources resources and having resources

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Stop spending money on

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Running data centers Business and customers

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Go global in minutes

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 • Trade capital expense for variable
Section 2 key expense
takeaways • Benefit from massive economies
of scale
• Stop guessing capacity
• Increase speed and agility
• Stop spending money on running
and maintaining data centers
• Go global in minutes

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Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview

Section 3: Introduction to Amazon Web Services (AWS)

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What are web services?

A web service is any piece of software that makes itself available

over the internet and uses a standardized format—such as
Extensible Markup Language (XML) or JavaScript Object Notation
(JSON)—for the request and the response of an application
programming interface (API) interaction.

Request message

Internet
Response message
Client Web service

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What is AWS?

• AWS is a secure cloud platform that offers a broad set of global

cloud-based products.
• AWS provides you with on-demand access to compute, storage,
network, database, and other IT resources and management tools.
• AWS offers flexibility.
• You pay only for the individual services you need, for as long as
you use them.
• AWS services work together like building blocks.

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 Categories of AWS services

Analytics Application AR and VR Blockchain Business Compute

Integration Applications

Cost Customer Database Developer Tools End User Game Tech

Management Engagement Computing

Internet Machine Management and Media Services Migration and Mobile

of Things Learning Governance Transfer

Networking and Robotics Satellite Security, Identity, and Storage

Content Delivery Compliance
23
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Simple solution example

Networking Compute Database Storage

AWS Cloud

Virtual Private Cloud (VPC)

Amazon
DynamoDB
Users Amazon S3

Amazon EC2

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 Choosing a service

The service you select depends on your business goals and technology
requirements.
Amazon
VMware Cloud EC2 AWS
on AWS Lambda

Amazon ECS ? AWS Elastic

Beanstalk

Amazon EKS

Amazon
AWS Fargate
AWS Outposts Lightsail
AWS Batch
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 Services covered in this course

Compute services – Storage services – Management and

• Amazon EC2 • Amazon S3 Governance services –
• AWS Lambda • Amazon S3 Glacier • AWS Trusted Advisor
• AWS Elastic Beanstalk • Amazon EFS • AWS CloudWatch
• Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling • Amazon EBS • AWS CloudTrail
• Amazon ECS • AWS Well-Architected Tool
• Amazon EKS Database services – • AWS Auto Scaling
• Amazon ECR • Amazon RDS • AWS Command Line Interface
• AWS Fargate • Amazon DynamoDB • AWS Config
• Amazon Redshift • AWS Management Console
• Amazon Aurora • AWS Organizations
Security, Identity, and
Compliance services – Networking and Content AWS Cost Management
• AWS IAM Delivery services – services –
• Amazon Cognito • Amazon VPC • AWS Cost & Usage
• AWS Shield • Amazon Route 53 Report
• AWS Artifact • Amazon CloudFront • AWS Budgets
• AWS KMS • Elastic Load Balancing • AWS Cost Explorer
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Three ways to interact with AWS

AWS Management
Console graphical interface
Easy-to-use

Command Line Interface (AWS CLI)

Access to services by discrete commands or scripts

Software Development Kits

(SDKs)
Access services directly from your code (such as Java, Python, and
others)

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 • AWS is a secure cloud platform that
Section 3 key offers a broad set of global cloud-based
takeaways products called services that are
designed to work together.
• There are many categories of AWS
services, and each category has many
services to choose from.
• Choose a service based on your
business goals and technology
requirements.
• There are three ways to interact with
AWS services.

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Sample exam question

Why is AWS more economical than traditional data centers for applications with
varying compute workloads?

A. Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) costs are billed on a monthly
basis.
B. Customers retain full administrative access to their Amazon EC2 instances.
C. Amazon EC2 instances can be launched on-demand when needed.
D. Customers can permanently run enough instances to handle peak workloads.

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 AW S A c a d e m y C l o u d F o u n d a t i o n s

Module 2: Cloud Economics and Billing

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Module overview

Topics Activities
• Fundamentals of pricing • AWS Pricing Calculator
• Total Cost of Ownership • Support plans scavenger hunt
• AWS Organizations
• AWS Billing and Cost Management
• Technical Support

Demo
• Overview of the Billing Dashboard

Knowledge check

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Module objectives

After completing this module, you should be able to:

• Explain the AWS pricing philosophy
• Recognize fundamental pricing characteristics
• Indicate the elements of total cost of ownership
• Discuss the results of the AWS Pricing Calculator
• Identify how to set up an organizational structure that simplifies billing and account
visibility to review cost data.
• Identify the functionality in the AWS Billing Dashboard
• Describe how to use AWS Bills, AWS Cost Explorer, AWS Budgets, and AWS Cost
and Usage Reports
• Identify the various AWS technical support plans and features
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Module 2: Cloud Economics and Billing

Section 1: Fundamentals of pricing

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AWS pricing model

Three fundamental drivers of cost with AWS

Compute Storage Data transfer

• Charged per hour/second* • Charged typically per GB • Outbound is aggregated
and charged
• Varies by instance type
• Inbound has no charge
(with some exceptions)
*Linux only • Charged typically per GB

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How do you pay for AWS?

Pay for what you use Pay less when you reserve Pay less when you
use more and as
AWS grows

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Pay for what you use

Pay only for the services that you consume, with no large
upfront expenses.

On premises AWS

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 Pay less when you reserve

Invest in Reserved
Instances (RIs):
• Save up to 75 percent
EC2
• Options: instance
• All Upfront Reserved
Instance (AURI) !
largest discount
• Partial Upfront On NURI PURI AURI
Reserved Instance Demand
(PURI) ! lower
discounts
• No Upfront Payments
Reserved Instance
(NURI) ! smaller
discount

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 Pay less by using more

Realize volume-based discounts:

• Savings as usage increases.
• Tiered pricing for services like Amazon
Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3),
Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon
EBS), or Amazon Elastic File System
(Amazon EFS) ! the more you use, the
less you pay per GB.
• Multiple storage services deliver lower
storage costs based on needs.

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 Pay even less as AWS grows

As AWS grows:

• AWS focuses on lowering cost of doing business.

• This practice results in AWS passing savings from
economies of scale to you.
• Since 2006, AWS has lowered pricing 75 times (as of
September 2019).
• Future higher-performing resources replace current
resources for no extra charge.

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Custom pricing

• Meet varying needs through custom pricing.

• Available for high-volume projects with unique
requirements.

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Services with no charge

Amazon VPC

Elastic Beanstalk**

Auto Scaling**

AWS CloudFormation**

AWS Identity and Access

Management (IAM) **Note: There might be
charges associated with
other AWS services that are
used with these services.
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 • There is no charge for:
Key takeaways • Inbound data transfer.
• Data transfer between services
within the same AWS Region.
• Pay for what you use.
• Start and stop anytime.
• No long-term contracts are
required.
• Some services are free, but the
other AWS services that they
provision might not be free.

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On-premises versus cloud
Traditional Infrastructure AWS Cloud

≠
No upfront expense Improve time to
Equipment Resources and
—pay for what you market and agility
administration
use

Scale up
Contracts Cost Self-service
and down infrastructure

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 AW S A c a d e m y C l o u d F o u n d a t i o n s

Module 3: AWS Global Infrastructure Overview

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Module overview

Topics Activities
• AWS Global Infrastructure • AWS Management Console
clickthrough
• AWS service and service category
overview

Knowledge check
Demo
• AWS Global Infrastructure

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AWS Global Infrastructure

• The AWS Global Infrastructure is designed and built to deliver a flexible, reliable, scalable, and secure
cloud computing environment with high-quality global network performance.
• This map from https://infrastructure.aws shows the current AWS Regions and more that are coming soon.

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Educator-Led Demo:
AWS Global Infrastructure
Details

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AWS Regions

• An AWS Region is a geographical area.

• Data replication across Regions is controlled
by you.
• Communication between Regions uses AWS
backbone network infrastructure.
• Each Region provides full redundancy and
connectivity to the network.
• A Region typically consists of two or more
Availability Zones.

Example: London Region

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Selecting a Region

Data governance,
legal requirements

Proximity to customers
Determine the right Region for (latency)

your services, applications, and

Services available
data based on these factors within the Region

Costs (vary by Region)

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Availability Zones

AWS Cloud
• Each Region has multiple Availability Zones.
Region eu-west-1
• Each Availability Zone is a fully isolated partition
of the AWS infrastructure. Availability Zone eu-west-1a
• There are currently 69 Availability Zones worldwide Data center
• Availability Zones consist of discrete data centers
Data center
• They are designed for fault isolation
• They are interconnected with other Availability Zones by Data center
using high-speed private networking
• You choose your Availability Zones. Availability Zone eu-west-1b
• AWS recommends replicating data and resources
across Availability Zones for resiliency.
Availability Zone eu-west-1c

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 AWS data centers

• AWS data centers are designed for

security.
• Data centers are where the data
resides and data processing occurs.
• Each data center has redundant power,
networking, and connectivity, and is
housed in a separate facility.
• A data center typically has 50,000 to
80,000 physical servers.

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Points of Presence

• AWS provides a global network of

187 Points of Presence locations
• Consists of 176 edge locations
and 11 Regional edge caches
• Used with Amazon CloudFront
• A global Content Delivery Network
(CDN), that delivers content to end
users with reduced latency
• Regional edge caches used for
content with infrequent access.

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 AWS infrastructure features

• Elasticity and scalability Physically Backup

distinct generators
• Elastic infrastructure; dynamic adaption of capacity
• Scalable infrastructure; adapts to accommodate
growth Data center Data center Data center Data center

• Fault-tolerance Data center Data center Data center Data center

Availability Zone Availability Zone

• Continues operating properly in the presence of a
failure
• Built-in redundancy of components Data center Data center

Network
• High availability connectivity
Data center Data center

• High level of operational performance Availability Zone

• Minimized downtime
Uninterruptible Cooling
• No human intervention
power supply AWS Region equipment

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 • The AWS Global Infrastructure
consists of Regions and Availability
Key takeaways Zones.
• Your choice of a Region is typically
based on compliance requirements or to
reduce latency.
• Each Availability Zone is physically
separate from other Availability Zones
and has redundant power, networking,
and connectivity.
• Edge locations, and Regional edge
caches improve performance by
caching content closer to users.

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M o d u l e 3 : AW S G l o b a l I n f r a s t r u c t u r e O v e r v i e w

Section 2: AWS services and service category overview

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AWS foundational services

Applications Virtual desktops Collaboration and sharing

Databases Analytics Application Deployment and Mobile

Cluster services management Services
computing Queuing Containers Identity
Relational
Platform Real-time Orchestration DevOps tools Sync
Services App Streaming
NoSQL Data Resource templates Mobile
warehouse Transcoding
Usage tracking Analytics
Caching Data Email
Monitoring and logs Notifications
workflows Search

Compute (virtual,
Foundation Networking Storage (object,
automatic scaling,
Services block, and archive)
and load balancing)

Infrastructure Regions Availability Zones Edge locations

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 AWS categories of services

Analytics Application AR and VR Blockchain Business Compute

Integration Applications

Cost Customer Database Developer Tools End User Game Tech

Management Engagement Computing

Internet Machine Management and Media Services Migration and Mobile

of Things Learning Governance Transfer

Networking and Robotics Satellite Security, Identity, and Storage

Content Delivery Compliance
57
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Storage service category

AWS storage services

Amazon Simple Storage Amazon Elastic Amazon Elastic

Service (Amazon S3) Block Store File System
Photo from https://www.pexels.com/photo/black-and-grey-device-159282/
(Amazon EBS) (Amazon EFS)

Amazon Simple Storage

Service
Glacier
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Compute service category

AWS Compute services

Amazon EC2 Amazon EC2 Amazon Elastic Amazon EC2

Auto Scaling Container Service Container Registry
Photo from https://www.pexels.com/photo/technology-computer-lines-
board-50711/ (Amazon ECS)

AWS Elastic AWS Lambda Amazon Elastic AWS Fargate

Beanstalk Kubernetes Service
(Amazon EKS)
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Database service category

AWS Database services

Amazon Relational Amazon Aurora Amazon Redshift

Database Service

Amazon
DynamoDB
Photo from https://aws.amazon.com/compliance/data-center/data-centers/

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Networking and content delivery service category

AWS networking
and content delivery services

Amazon VPC Elastic Load Amazon AWS Transit

Balancing CloudFront Gateway

Amazon AWS Direct AWS VPN

Route 53 Connect
Photo by Umberto on Unsplash

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Security, identity, and compliance service category

AWS security, identity,

and compliance services

AWS Identity and Access AWS Amazon Cognito

Management (IAM) Organizations
Photo by Paweł Czerwiński on Unsplash

AWS Artifact AWS Key AWS Shield

Management
Service
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AWS cost management service category

AWS cost management

services

AWS Cost and AWS Budgets AWS Cost

Photo by Alexander Mils on Unsplash Usage Report Explorer

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Management and governance service category

AWS management and

governance services

AWS Management AWS Config Amazon AWS Auto

Console CloudWatch Scaling
Photo by Marta Branco from Pexels

AWS Command AWS Trusted AWS Well- AWS

Line Interface Advisor Architected Tool CloudTrail

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Activity: AWS
Management Console
clickthrough

Photo by Pixabay from Pexels.

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 Hands-on activity: AWS Management Console clickthrough

1. Launch the Sandbox hands-on environment and connect to the AWS Management Console.
2. Explore the AWS Management Console.
A. Click the Services menu.
B. Notice how services are grouped into service categories. For example, the EC2 service appears in the Compute
service category.
Question #1: Under which service category does the IAM service appear?
Question #2: Under which service category does the Amazon VPC service appear?
C. Click the Amazon VPC service. Notice that the dropdown menu in the top-right corner displays an AWS Region (for
example, it might display N. Virginia).
D. Click the Region menu and switch to a different Region. For example, choose EU (London).
E. Click Subnets (on the left side of the screen). The Region has three subnets in it. Click the box next to one of the
subnets. Notice that the bottom half of the screen now displays details about this subnet.
Question #3: Does the subnet you selected exist at the level of the Region or at the level of the Availability Zone?
F. Click Your VPCs. An existing VPC is already selected.
Question #4: Does the VPC exist at the level of the Region or the level of the Availability Zone?
Question #5: Which services are global instead of Regional? Check Amazon EC2, IAM, Lambda, and Route 53.

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Activity answer key

• Question #1: Under which service category does the IAM service appear?
• Answer: Security, Identity, & Compliance.

• Question #2: Under which service category does the Amazon VPC service appear?
• Answer: Networking & Content Delivery

• Question #3: Does the subnet that you selected exist at the level of the Region or the level of the
Availability Zone?
• Answer: Subnets exist at the level of the Availability Zone.

• Question #4: Does the VPC exist at the level of the Region or the level of the Availability Zone?
• Answer: VPCs exist at the Region level.

• Question #5: Which of the following services are global instead of Regional? Check Amazon EC2, IAM,
Lambda, and Route 53.
• Answer: IAM and Route 53 are global. Amazon EC2 and Lambda are Regional.

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M o d u l e 3 : AW S G l o b a l I n f r a s t r u c t u r e O v e r v i e w

Module wrap-up

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Module summary

In summary, in this module you learned how to:

• Identify the difference between AWS Regions, Availability Zones, and

edge locations

• Identify AWS service and service categories

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Sample exam question

Which component of AWS global infrastructure does Amazon

CloudFront use to ensure low-latency delivery?

A. AWS Regions
B. AWS edge locations
C. AWS Availability Zones
D. Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (Amazon VPC)

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