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4.1 Food Security

Food security is defined as the condition where all people have access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs for an active life. Currently, 795 million people are undernourished globally, while a significant amount of food is wasted, particularly in developed countries. Improving food security can be achieved through reducing waste, enhancing infrastructure, promoting fair trade, diversifying crops, and addressing climate change.

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Lorielyn Jacinto
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12 views40 pages

4.1 Food Security

Food security is defined as the condition where all people have access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs for an active life. Currently, 795 million people are undernourished globally, while a significant amount of food is wasted, particularly in developed countries. Improving food security can be achieved through reducing waste, enhancing infrastructure, promoting fair trade, diversifying crops, and addressing climate change.

Uploaded by

Lorielyn Jacinto
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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FOOD

SECURITY
For you, what does Food Security
mean?
Why is it important?
Did You Know That:

❖1 out of 9 people in the world (or 795 million people) do not have
enough food to lead a healthy, active life.

❖1/3 of all food produced in the world (or 1.3 billion metric tons) go
to waste, while 795 million people go hungry. Wastage is primarily
due to non-consumption of food on the table in developed
markets, and due to post-harvest spoilage in developing markets.
Did You Know That:
❖In Sub-Saharan Africa, 1 out of 4 people is undernourished.
❖Every year, about 222 million metric tons of food go to waste in
rich countries, which is almost equivalent to the entire net food
production of Sub-Saharan Africa (230 million metric tons).
❖45% of deaths in children under 5 years old (3 million children) is
caused by poor nutrition.
❖Over 2 billion adults are overweight or obese due to over-
consumption of unhealthy food choices and/or high cost of
properly nutritious diet, which leads to many diseases.
What is Food Security?
Definition of Food Security (1996 World Food Summit):

“ Food security, at the individual, household, national, regional and


global levels is achieved when all people, at all times, have physical
and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet
their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy
life.
Global Food Security
What is Food Security?
The definition was updated in 2001: (The State of Food Insecurity in
the World)

Food security, at the individual, household, national, regional


and global levels is achieved when all people, at all times, have
physical, social, and economic access to sufficient, safe and
nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for
an active and healthy life.
Global Food Security
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Ways to Improve Food Security
1. Reducing food waste and food loss
2. Improving infrastructure
3. Promoting fair trading practices
4. Paying attention to diversification
5. Reducing the yield gap
6. Combating climate change
7. Addressing the indirect causes of food insecurity
1. Reducing food waste and food
loss

Food waste is caused, for example, by


inefficient preparation methods and consumer
preferences (e.g. slightly rotten fruit or oddly
shaped vegetables). We can reduce food waste
by introducing improved methods of food
preparation. One example is the use of
vegetable trimmings in soups.
Food loss is caused, among other things,
by crop failures and incorrect storage of food.
We can reduce food loss by improving storage
and packaging.
2. Improving infrastructure

Optimizing the infrastructure


also ensures that less food is lost
and improves food security.
Sufficient people or machines must
be available for sowing and
harvesting, the crops must be
protected against weeds, diseases
and pests, storage must be in order,
and good transport to markets or end
users must be available.
3. Promoting fair trading practices
It is not just large commercial companies that need access to
food markets; small farmers must also be paid a fair price for their
products.
4. Paying attention to diversification
Focusing on a single type of crop
(monoculture) can exhaust the soil and
make the crop more vulnerable to
diseases and pests. Farmers have a big
problem if their crop fails and they have
no alternatives. Moreover, this can
reduce the nutritional value of products.
Diversification is important to guarantee
food security.
5. Reducing the yield gap
Inefficient production methods mean
that agricultural land yields are far less than
should be possible in some places. Crop
rotation and the use of sustainable
production methods and new techniques
increase production on these farmlands. This
also results in more nutritious crops.
6. Combating climate change
Agriculture can make a positive
contribution to a better climate. Crops
absorb CO², reducing the amount of
greenhouse gases.
On the other hand, poor farming
practices are a major cause of climate
problems. More sustainable agriculture
offers the best of both worlds, helping
combat climate change and better
absorbing its consequences.
7. Addressing the indirect causes of food
insecurity
Food insecurity is also caused by
an imbalance between imports and
exports. As not every country will be
able to grow all the food it needs there
must be sufficient capital available to
import food. Healthy food must also be
financially available to all population
groups.
Food security can also be under
pressure because agricultural land is
being used for other purposes, such as
growing crops for biofuels.

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