AISL CALCULUS [223 marks]

1. [Maximum mark: 15] SPM.2.SL.TZ0.4

The Happy Straw Company manufactures drinking straws.

The straws are packaged in small closed rectangular boxes, each with length 8
cm, width 4 cm and height 3 cm. The information is shown in the diagram.

(a) Calculate the surface area of the box in cm2. [2]

(b) Calculate the length AG. [2]

Each week, the Happy Straw Company sells x boxes of straws. It is known that
= −2x + 220, x ≥ 0, where P is the weekly profit, in dollars, from the
dP

dx

sale of x thousand boxes.

(c) Find the number of boxes that should be sold each week to
maximize the profit. [3]

(d) Find P (x). [5]

(e) Find the least number of boxes which must be sold each week
in order to make a profit. [3]
2. [Maximum mark: 12] EXN.2.SL.TZ0.2
A box of chocolates is to have a ribbon tied around it as shown in the diagram
below.

The box is in the shape of a cuboid with a height of 3 cm. The length and width
of the box are x and y cm.

After going around the box an extra 10 cm of ribbon is needed to form the bow.

(a) Find an expression for the total length of the ribbon L in terms
of x and y. [2]

The volume of the box is 450 cm 3 .

(b) Show that L = 2x +

300
+ 22 [3]
x

(c) Find
dL
[3]
dx

(d) Solve
dL
= 0 [2]
dx

(e) Hence or otherwise find the minimum length of ribbon

required. [2]
3. [Maximum mark: 12] EXN.2.SL.TZ0.3
The rate of change of the height (h) of a ball above horizontal ground,
measured in metres, t seconds after it has been thrown and until it hits the
ground, can be modelled by the equation

dh
= 11. 4 − 9. 8t
dt

The height of the ball when t = 0 is 1. 2 m.

(a) Find an expression for the height h of the ball at time t. [6]

(b.i) Find the value of t at which the ball hits the ground. [2]

(b.ii) Hence write down the domain of h. [1]

(c) Find the range of h. [3]

4. [Maximum mark: 16] EXN.2.SL.TZ0.6
A theatre set designer is designing a piece of flat scenery in the shape of a hill.
The scenery is formed by a curve between two vertical edges of unequal height.
One edge is 2 metres high and the other is 1 metre high. The width of the
scenery is 6 metres.

A coordinate system is formed with the origin at the foot of the 2 metres high
edge. In this coordinate system the highest point of the cross‐section is at
(2, 3. 5).

A set designer wishes to work out an approximate value for the area of the
scenery (A m 2 ).

(a) Explain why A < 21. [1]

(b) By dividing the area between the curve and the x‐axis into two
trapezoids of unequal width show that A > 14. 5, justifying
the direction of the inequality. [4]

In order to obtain a more accurate measure for the area the designer decides to
model the curved edge with the polynomial
+ cx + d a, b, c, d ∈ R where h metres is the
3 2
h(x) = ax + bx

height of the curved edge a horizontal distance x m from the origin.

(c) Write down the value of d. [1]

(d) Use differentiation to show that 12a + 4b + c = 0. [2]

(e) Determine two other linear equations in a, b and c. [3]

(f ) Hence find an expression for h(x). [3]

(g) Use the expression found in (f ) to calculate a value for A. [2]

5. [Maximum mark: 16] 23M.2.SL.TZ1.2
Consider the function f (x) = 3x − 1 + 4x
−2
. Part of the graph of
y = f (x) is shown below.

The function is defined for all values of x except for x = a.

(a) Write down the value of a. [1]

(b) Use your graphic display calculator to find the coordinates of

the local minimum. [2]

The equation f (x) = w, where w ∈ R, has three solutions.

(c) Identify one possible value for w. [1]

The line y = mx −
1

4
is tangent to f (x) when x = −4.

(d) Write down whether the value of m is positive or negative.

Justify your answer. [2]

A second function is given by g(x) = kp x − 9, where p > 0. The graph of

y = g(x) intersects the y-axis at point A(0, − 5) and passes through point

B(3, 4. 5).

(e) Find the value of

(e.i) k; [2]

(e.ii) p. [2]

(f ) Write down the equation of the horizontal asymptote of

y = g(x). [2]

(g) Find the solution of f (x) = g(x) when x > 0. [2]

(h) State whether C also lies on the graph of h (x). Justify your
answer. [2]
6. [Maximum mark: 17] 23M.2.SL.TZ1.5
A large closed container, in the shape of a half cylinder with a rectangular lid, is
to be constructed with a volume of 0. 8 m 3 . The container has a length of l
metres and a radius of r metres.

diagram not to scale

(a) Find an exact expression for l in terms of r and π. [2]

The container will be constructed using two different materials. The material for
both the curved surface and the rectangular lid of the container costs $4. 40 per
square metre. The material for the semicircular ends of the container costs $p per
square metre.

The cost, C , of the materials to construct the container can be written in terms of
r and p (where p > 0 and r > 0).

(b) Show that C = 7. 04r

−1
+
14.08
r
−1
+ pπr
2
. [4]
π

(c) Find
dC
. [3]
dr

The cost of materials to construct the container is minimized when the radius of
the container, r, is 0. 7 m.
(d) Find the value of p. [3]

In total, 350 containers will be constructed at this minimum cost.

(e) Calculate the cost of materials, to the nearest dollar, to construct

all 350 containers. [3]

The materials for constructing the containers can be purchased at a discount

according to the information in the table.

Cost of materials ($C ) Discount applied to

before discount entire order
1000 ≤ C < 2500 1%

2500 ≤ C < 5000 4%

5000 ≤ C < 10 000 8%

C ≥ 10 000 10%

(f ) Determine the cost of materials for 350 containers after the

discount is applied. [2]
7. [Maximum mark: 16] 23M.2.SL.TZ2.5
A particular park consists of a rectangular garden, of area A m 2 , and a concrete
path surrounding it. The park has a total area of 1200 m 2 .

The width of the path at the north and south side of the park is 2 m.

The width of the path at the west and east side of the park is 1. 5 m.

The length of the park (along the north and south sides) is x metres,
3 < x < 300.

diagram not to scale

(a.i) Write down the length of the garden in terms of x. [1]

(a.ii) Find an expression for the width of the garden in terms of x. [2]

(a.iii) Hence show that A = 1212 − 4x −

3600
. [2]
x

(b) Find the possible dimensions of the park if the area of the
garden is 800 m 2 . [4]

(c) Find an expression for dA

. [3]
dx

(d) Use your answer from part (c) to find the value of x that will
maximize the area of the garden.
 [2]

(e) Find the maximum possible area of the garden. [2]

8. [Maximum mark: 17] 22N.2.SL.TZ0.5
Linda owns a field, represented by the shaded region R. The plan view of the
field is shown in the following diagram, where both axes represent distance and
are measured in metres.

The segments [AB], [CD] and [AD] respectively represent the western,
eastern and southern boundaries of the field. The function, f (x), models the
northern boundary of the field between points B and C and is given by
2

+ 2x + 30, for 0 ≤ x ≤ 70.

−x
f (x) =
50

(a.i) Find f ′(x). [2]

(a.ii) Hence find the coordinates of the point on the field that is
furthest north. [3]
Point A has coordinates (0, 0), point B has coordinates (0, 30), point C has
coordinates (70, 72) and point D has coordinates (70, 0).

(b.i) Write down the integral which can be used to find the area of
the shaded region R. [2]

(b.ii) Find the area of Linda’s field. [2]

Linda used the trapezoidal rule with ten intervals to estimate the area. This
calculation underestimated the area by 11. 4 m 2 .

(c.i) Calculate the percentage error in Linda’s estimate. [2]

(c.ii) Suggest how Linda might be able to reduce the error whilst still
using the trapezoidal rule. [1]

Linda would like to construct a building on her field. The square foundation of
the building, EFGH, will be located such that [EH] is on the southern
boundary and point F is on the northern boundary of the property. A possible
location of the foundation of the building is shown in the following diagram.
The area of the square foundation will be largest when [GH] lies on [CD].
(d.i) Find the x-coordinate of point E for the largest area of the
square foundation of building EFGH. [3]

(d.ii) Find the largest area of the foundation. [2]

9. [Maximum mark: 15] 22M.2.SL.TZ1.4
A sector of a circle, centre O and radius 4. 5 m, is shown in the following
diagram.

(a.i) Find the angle AÔB. [3]

(a.ii) Find the area of the shaded segment. [5]

A square field with side 8 m has a goat tied to a post in the centre by a rope such
that the goat can reach all parts of the field up to 4. 5 m from the post.

[Source: mynamepong, n.d. Goat [image online] Available at:

https://thenounproject.com/term/goat/1761571/
This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported (CC BY-SA 3.0)
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en [Accessed 22 April 2010] Source adapted.]
(b.i) Find the area of a circle with radius 4. 5 m. [2]

(b.ii) Find the area of the field that can be reached by the goat. [3]

Let V be the volume of grass eaten by the goat, in cubic metres, and t be the
length of time, in hours, that the goat has been in the field.

The goat eats grass at the rate of .

dV −t
= 0. 3 te
dt

(c) Find the value of t at which the goat is eating grass at the
greatest rate. [2]
10. [Maximum mark: 15] 22M.2.SL.TZ2.5
A cafe makes x litres of coffee each morning. The cafe’s profit each morning, C ,
measured in dollars, is modelled by the following equation

x 2 3 2
C = (k − x )
10 100

where k is a positive constant.

(a) Find an expression for

dC
in terms of k and x. [3]
dx

(b) Hence find the maximum value of C in terms of k. Give your

answer in the form pk 3 , where p is a constant. [4]

The cafe’s manager knows that the cafe makes a profit of $426 when 20 litres of
coffee are made in a morning.

(c.i) Find the value of k. [2]

(c.ii) Use the model to find how much coffee the cafe should make
each morning to maximize its profit. [1]

(d) Sketch the graph of C against x, labelling the maximum point

and the x-intercepts with their coordinates. [3]

The manager of the cafe wishes to serve as many customers as possible.

(e) Determine the maximum amount of coffee the cafe can make
that will not result in a loss of money for the morning. [2]
11. [Maximum mark: 13] 21M.2.SL.TZ1.5
The cross-sectional view of a tunnel is shown on the axes below. The line [AB]
represents a vertical wall located at the left side of the tunnel. The height, in
metres, of the tunnel above the horizontal ground is modelled by
+ 0. 8x , 2 ≤ x ≤ 8, relative to an origin O.
3 2
y = −0. 1x

Point A has coordinates (2, 0), point B has coordinates (2, 2. 4), and point

C has coordinates (8, 0).

(a.i) Find
dy
. [2]
dx

(a.ii) Hence find the maximum height of the tunnel. [4]

When x = 4 the height of the tunnel is 6. 4 m and when x = 6 the height of

the tunnel is 7. 2 m. These points are shown as D and E on the diagram,
respectively.

(b) Use the trapezoidal rule, with three intervals, to estimate the
cross-sectional area of the tunnel.
 [3]

(c.i) Write down the integral which can be used to find the cross-
sectional area of the tunnel. [2]

(c.ii) Hence find the cross-sectional area of the tunnel. [2]

12. [Maximum mark: 16] 21M.2.SL.TZ2.5
A hollow chocolate box is manufactured in the form of a right prism with a
regular hexagonal base. The height of the prism is h cm, and the top and base of
the prism have sides of length x cm.

(a) Given that sin 60°=

√3
, show that the area of the base of
2
2
3√ 3x
the box is equal to 2
. [2]

(b) Given that the total external surface area of the box is
1200 cm
2
, show that the volume of the box may be expressed
as V = 300√ 3x −
9

4
x
3
. [5]

(c) Sketch the graph of V = 300√ 3x −

9
x
3
, for
4

0 ≤ x ≤ 16. [2]
(d) Find an expression for
dV
. [2]
dx

(e) Find the value of x which maximizes the volume of the box. [2]

(f ) Hence, or otherwise, find the maximum possible volume of the

box. [2]

(g) The box will contain spherical chocolates. The production

manager assumes that they can calculate the exact number of
chocolates in each box by dividing the volume of the box
by the volume of a single chocolate and then rounding down
to the nearest integer.

Explain why the production manager is incorrect. [1]

13. [Maximum mark: 11] 20N.2.SL.TZ0.T_4
Hyungmin designs a concrete bird bath. The bird bath is supported by a
pedestal. This is shown in the diagram.

The interior of the bird bath is in the shape of a cone with radius r, height h and
a constant slant height of 50 cm.

(a) Write down an equation in r and h that shows this information. [1]

Let V be the volume of the bird bath.

(b) Show that V =

2500πh
−
πh 3
. [1]
3 3

(c) Find
dV
. [2]
dh

Hyungmin wants the bird bath to have maximum volume.

(d) Using your answer to part (c), find the value of h for which V is
a maximum. [2]

(e) Find the maximum volume of the bird bath. [2]

(f ) To prevent leaks, a sealant is applied to the interior surface of
the bird bath.

Find the surface area to be covered by the sealant, given that

the bird bath has maximum volume. [3]
14. [Maximum mark: 16] 19N.2.SL.TZ0.T_6
The Maxwell Ohm Company is designing a portable Bluetooth speaker. The
speaker is in the shape of a cylinder with a hemisphere at each end of the
cylinder.

The dimensions of the speaker, in centimetres, are illustrated in the following

diagram where r is the radius of the hemisphere, and l is the length of the
cylinder, with r > 0 and l ≥ 0.

(a) Write down an expression for V , the volume (cm3) of the

speaker, in terms of r, l and π. [2]

The Maxwell Ohm Company has decided that the speaker will have a surface
area of 300 cm 2 .

(b) Write down an equation for the surface area of the speaker in
terms of r, l and π. [3]

(c) 150−2πr
2

Given the design constraint that l =

πr
, show that
3
2πr
V = 150r −
3
.
 [2]

(d) Find
dV
. [2]
dr

The quality of sound from the speaker will improve as V increases.

(e) Using your answer to part (d), show that V is a maximum when

r is equal to √ cm.
75

π [2]

(f ) Find the length of the cylinder for which V is a maximum. [2]

(g) Calculate the maximum value of V . [2]

(h) Use your answer to part (f ) to identify the shape of the speaker
with the best quality of sound. [1]
15. [Maximum mark: 16] 19N.2.SL.TZ0.T_4
The graph of the quadratic function f (x) =
1

2
(x − 2)(x + 8) intersects

the y-axis at (0, c).

(a) Find the value of c. [2]

The vertex of the function is (−3, − 12. 5).

(b) Write down the equation for the axis of symmetry of the graph. [2]

The equation f (x) = 12 has two solutions. The first solution is x = −10.

(c) Use the symmetry of the graph to show that the second
solution is x = 4. [1]

(d) Write down the x-intercepts of the graph. [2]

(e) On graph paper, draw the graph of y = f (x) for

−10 ≤ x ≤ 4 and −14 ≤ y ≤ 14. Use a scale of 1 cm

to represent 1 unit on the x-axis and 1 cm to represent 2 units

on the y-axis. [4]

Let T be the tangent at x = −3.

(f.i) Write down the equation of T . [2]

(f.ii) Draw the tangent T on your graph. [1]

(g) Given f (a) = 5. 5 and f ′(a) = −6, state whether the

function, f , is increasing or decreasing at x = a. Give a reason
for your answer. [2]

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