200-710

Zend Certified Engineer

Version 6.0

QUESTION NO: 2

What is the difference between the spaceship operator (<=>) and the strcmp() function?

A. There is no difference in functionality

B. strcmp() returns a Boolean value, the spaceship operator a number
C. strcmp() does a case-intensive comparison, the spaceship operator does not
D. The spaceship operator returns -1, 0 or 1; strcmp() may return any integer

Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 15

Which of these error types may be handled by a user defined error handler function? (Choose
two.)

A. E_ERROR
B. E_NOTICE
C. E_PARSE
D. E_WARNING

Answer: A,C

QUESTION NO: 23 CORRECT TEXT

What is the output of the following code?

Answer: 1

QUESTION NO: 25

What is the output of the following code?

A. string(0) “”
B. bool(false)
C. string(1) “!”
D. string(2) “k!”

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 28

Consider 3 PHP files that are called asynchronously via XmlHttpRequest:

Which of the following statements is true? (Choose two.)

A. The total execution time for all 3 requests will be the maximum of the longest sleep() call
B. The requests may be processed out of order
C. The requests are guaranteed to be executed in order
D. Concurrent requests will be blocked until the session lock is released

Answer: A

QUESTION NO: 39

What is the output of the following code?

A. 1
B. 2
C. null

Answer: A

QUESTION NO: 43

What is the benefit of using persistent database connections in PHP? (Choose two.)

A. Reduces the connection & authentication overhead of connecting to the database

B. Ensures that only a single connection is open to the database from PHP
C. Allows connection settings such as character set encoding to persist
D. Allows for resumption of transactions across multiple requests.

Answer: C,D

QUESTION NO: 44

What is the output of the following code?

A. MyNamespace\Test
B. empty string
C. parse error
D. Test

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 57

What function is best suited for extracting data from a formatted string into an array?

A. fgetcsv
B. sscanf
C. sprintf
D. strtok

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 65

What exception type will catch the error raised by the expression 2 / 0?

A. LogicException
B. RangeException
C. DivisionByZeroError
D. ArithmeticError

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 74 CORRECT TEXT

Which value will be assigned to the key 0 in the following code?

Answer: 1

QUESTION NO: 1
What is the output of the following code?

echo '1' . (print '2') + 3;

A. 123
B. 213
C. 142
D. 214
E: Syntax error

Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 2
What is the output of the following code?

$a = 3;
switch ($a) {
case 1: echo 'one'; break;
case 2: echo 'two'; break;
default: echo 'four'; break;
case 3: echo 'three'; break;
}

A. one
B. two
C. three
D. four

Answer: C
QUESTION NO: 3
What is "instanceof" an example of?

A. a boolean
B. an operator
C. a function
D. a language construct
E: a class magic

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 4
Which of the following may be used in conjunction with CASE inside a SWITCH statement?

A. A scalar
B. An expression
C. A boolean
D. All of the above

Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 5
What is the output of the following code?

$a = 'a'; $b = 'b';
echo isset($c) ? $a.$b.$c : ($c = 'c').'d';

A. abc
B. cd
C. 0d

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 6
Which of the following are valid identifiers? (Choose 3)

A. function 4You() { }
B. function _4You() { }
C. function object() { }
D. $1 = "Hello";
E: $_1 = "Hello World";

Answer: B, C, E

QUESTION NO: 7
What super-global should be used to access information about uploaded files via a POST
request?

A. $_SERVER
B. $_ENV
C. $_POST
D. $_FILES
E: $_GET

Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 8
What is the difference between "print" and "echo"?

A. There is no difference.
B. Print has a return value, echo does not
C. Echo has a return value, print does not
D. Print buffers the output, while echo does not
E: None of the above

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 9
What is the output of the following code?

echo "1" + 2 * "0x02";

A. 1
B. 3
C. 5
D. 20
E: 7

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 10
What is the result of the following bitwise operation in PHP?

1^2

A. 1
B. 3
C. 2
D. 4
E: -1

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 11
What is the output of the following code?

echo "22" + "0.2", 23 . 1;

A. 220.2231
B. 22.2231
C. 22.2,231
D. 56.2

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 12
What is the output of the following code?

$first = "second";
$second = "first";
echo $$$first;
A. "first"
B. "second"
C. an empty string
D. an error

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 13
Your supervisor wants you to disallow PHP scripts to open remote HTTP and FTP resources
using PHP's file functions. Which php.ini setting should you change accordingly?

Answer: allow_url_fopen, allow_url_fopen=off, allow_url_fopen=Off, allow_url_fopen = off,

allow_url_fopen = Off

QUESTION NO: 16
Which of the following will set a 10 seconds read timeout for a stream?

A. ini_set("default_socket_timeout", 10);
B. stream_read_timeout($stream, 10);
C. Specify the timeout as the 5th parameter to the fsockopen() function used to open a stream
D. stream_set_timeout($stream, 10);
E: None of the above

Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 17
What function allows resizing of PHP's file write buffer?

A. ob_start()
B. set_write_buffer()
C. stream_set_write_buffer()
D. Change the output_buffering INI setting via ini_set() function
Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 18
What does the __FILE__ constant contain?

A. The filename of the current script.

B. The full path to the current script.
C. The URL of the request made.
D. The path to the main script.

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 19
What can prevent PHP from being able to open a file on the hard drive (Choose 2)?

A. File system permissions

B. File is outside of open_basedir
C. File is inside the /tmp directory.
D. PHP is running in CGI mode.

Answer: A, B

QUESTION NO: 20
What purpose do namespaces fulfill?

A. Encapsulation
B. Alternative to classes
C. Improved performance
D. All of the above

Answer: A

QUESTION NO: 21
When would you use classes and when would you use namespaces?
A. Use classes to encapsulate code and represent objects, and namespaces to avoid symbol name
collisions
B. Use classes for performance-sensitive code, and namespaces when readability matters more
C. Use namespaces for performance-sensitive code, and classes when readability matters more
D. Always use them; namespaces are always superior to classes

Answer: A

QUESTION NO: 22
Which of these elements can be encapsulated by namespaces and made accessible from the
outside?

A. Only classes
B. Classes, functions and constants
C. Classes, functions, constants and variables

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 23
You'd like to use the class MyDBConnection that's defined in the
MyGreatFramework\MyGreatDatabaseAbstractionLayer namespace, but you want to minimize
*as much as possible* the length of the class name you have to type. What would you do?

A. Import the MyGreatFramework namespace

B. Import the MyGreatFramework\MyGreatDatabaseAbstractionLayer namespace
C. Alias MyGreatFramework\MyGreatDatabaseAbstractionLayer\MyDBConnection to a shorter
name
D. Alias MyGreatFramework\MyGreatDatabaseAbstractionLayer to a shorter name

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 24
How should you track errors on your production website?

A. Enabling display_errors
B. Enabling log_errors
C. Having a site-wide exception handler
D. Setting error_reporting to E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 25
What would be the output of the following code?

namespace MyFramework\DB;

class MyClass {
static function myName() {
return __METHOD__;
}
}

print MyClass::myName();

A. MyFramework\DB\myName
B. MyFramework\DB\MyClass\myName
C. MyFramework\DB\MyClass::myName
D. MyClass::myName

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 26
Which of the following methods are available to limit the amount of resources available to PHP
through php.ini? (Choose 2)

A. Limit the amount of memory a script can consume

B. Limit the total amount of memory PHP uses on the entire server
C. Limit the maximum execution time of a script
D. Limit the maximum number of concurrent PHP processes
E: Limit the maximum number of concurrent PHP threads

Answer: A, C

QUESTION NO: 27
Consider the following two files. When you run test.php, what would the output look like?

test.php:
include "MyString.php";
print ",";
print strlen("Hello world!");

MyString.php:
namespace MyFramework\String;
function strlen($str)
{
return \strlen($str)*2; // return double the string length
}
print strlen("Hello world!")

A. 12,12
B. 12,24
C. 24,12
D. 24,24
E: PHP Fatal error: Cannot redeclare strlen()

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 28
Which line of code can be used to replace the INSERT comment in order to output "hello"?

class C {
public $ello = 'ello';
public $c;
public $m;
function __construct($y) {
$this->c = static function($f) {
// INSERT LINE OF CODE HERE
};
$this->m = function() {
return "h";
};
}
 }

$x = new C("h");
$f = $x->c;
echo $f($x->m);

A. return $this->m() . "ello";

B. return $f() . "ello";
C. return "h". $this->ello;
D. return $y . "ello";

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 29
What is the output of the following code?
function z($x) {
return function ($y) use ($x) {
return str_repeat($y, $x);
};
}

$a = z(2);
$b = z(3);
echo $a(3) . $b(2);

A. 22333
B. 33222
C. 33322
D. 222333

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 30
What is the output of the following code?

$f = function () { return "hello"; };

echo gettype($f);
A. hello
B. string
C. object
D. function

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 31
What is the output of the following code?

class C {
public $x = 1;
function __construct() { ++$this->x; }
function __invoke() { return ++$this->x; }
function __toString() { return (string) --$this->x; }
}

$obj = new C();

echo $obj();

A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. 3

Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 32
Consider the following code. Which keyword should be used in the line marked with
"KEYWORD" instead of "self" to make this code work as intended?

abstract class Base {

protected function __construct() {
}
public static function create() {
return new self(); // KEYWORD
}
 abstract function action();
}

class Item extends Base {

public function action() { echo __CLASS__; }
}

$item = Item::create();
$item->action(); // outputs "Item"

Answer: static

QUESTION NO: 33
Which SPL class implements fixed-size storage?

Answer: SplFixedArray

QUESTION NO: 34
In order to create an object storage where each object would be stored only once, you may use
which of the following? (Choose 2)

A. SplFixedArray
B. SplObjectStorage
C. SplString
D. spl_object_hash
E: spl_same_object

Answer: B, D

QUESTION NO: 35
What is the output of the following code?

class Base {
protected static function whoami() {
echo "Base ";
}
public static function whoareyou() {
 static::whoami();
}
}

class A extends Base {

public static function test() {
Base::whoareyou();
self::whoareyou();
parent::whoareyou();
A::whoareyou();
static::whoareyou();
}
public static function whoami() {
echo "A ";
}
}

class B extends A {
public static function whoami() {
echo "B ";
}
}
B::test();

A. B B B B B
B. Base A Base A B
C. Base B B A B
D. Base B A A B

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 36
Late static binding is used in PHP to:

A. Load dynamic libraries and extensions at runtime

B. Use caller class information provided in static method call
C. Resolve undefined class names by automatically including needed files
D. Find proper method to call according to the call arguments
Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 37
What is the output of the following code?

class Test {
public function __call($name, $args)
{
call_user_func_array(array('static', "test$name"), $args);
}
public function testS($l) {
echo "$l,";
}
}

class Test2 extends Test {

public function testS($l) {
echo "$l,$l,";
}
}
$test = new Test2();
$test->S('A');

A. A,
B. A,A,
C. A,A,A,
D. PHP Warning: call_user_func_array() expects parameter 1 to be a valid callback

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 38
Which of the following tasks can be achieved by using magic methods? (Choose 3)

A. Initializing or uninitializing object data

B. Creating a new stream wrapper
C. Creating an iterable object
D. Processing access to undefined methods or properties
E: Overloading operators like +, *, etc.
F: Converting objects to string representation

Answer: A, D, F

QUESTION NO: 39
How should class MyObject be defined for the following code to work properly? Assume $array
is an array and MyObject is a user-defined class.

$obj = new MyObject();

array_walk($array, $obj);

A. MyObject should extend class Closure

B. MyObject should implement interface Callable
C. MyObject should implement method __call
D. MyObject should implement method __invoke

Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 40
Consider the following code. What change must be made to the class for the code to work as
written?

class Magic {
protected $v = array("a" => 1, "b" => 2, "c" => 3);
public function __get($v) {
return $this->v[$v];
}
}
$m = new Magic();
$m->d[] = 4;
echo $m->d[0];

A. Nothing, this code works just fine.

B. Add __set method doing $this->v[$var] = $val
C. Rewrite __get as: public function __get(&$v)
D. Rewrite __get as: public function &__get($v)
E: Make __get method static
Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 41
SimpleXML provides the ability to iterate over items in an XML document, as well as access
items within it as if they were object properties. When creating your own classes to access data,
implementing which of the following would NOT achieve this goal?

A. __toString
B. Iterator
C. __get/__set
D. ArrayAccess

Answer: A

QUESTION NO: 42
Which of the following is used to find all PHP files under a certain directory?

A. PHPIterator
B. RecursiveTreeIterator
C. RecursiveDirectoryIterator
D. SplTempFileObject

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 43
Which PHP function is used to validate whether the contents of $_FILES['name']['tmp_name']
have really been uploaded via HTTP?

Answer: is_uploaded_file(), is_uploaded_file

QUESTION NO: 44
Which PHP function is used to validate whether the contents of $_FILES['name']['tmp_name']
have really been uploaded via HTTP, and also save the contents into another folder?

Answer: move_uploaded_file(), move_uploaded_file

QUESTION NO: 45
What is the name of the key for the element in $_FILES['name'] that contains the provisional
name of the uploaded file?

Answer: tmp_name

QUESTION NO: 46
What is the name of the key in $_FILES['name'] that contains the number of bytes of the
uploaded file?

Answer: size

QUESTION NO: 47
What information can be used to reliably determine the type of an uploaded file?

A. MIME type
B. File name extension
C. Contents of the file

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 48
Which MIME type is always sent by a client if a JPEG file is uploaded via HTTP?

A. image/jpeg
B. image/jpg
C. image/pjpeg
D. Depends on the client system

Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 49
Your application uses PHP to accept and process file uploads. It fails to upload a file that is 5 MB
in size, although upload_max_filesize is set to "10M". Which of the following configurations
could be responsible for this outcome? (Choose 2)
A. The PHP configuration option post_max_size is set to a value that is too small
B. The web server is using an incorrect encoding as part of the HTTP response sent to the client
C. The browser uses an incorrect encoding as part of the HTTP request sent to the server
D. The hidden form field MAX_FILE_SIZE was set to a value that is too small
E: PHP cannot process file uploads larger than 4 MB

Answer: A, D

QUESTION NO: 50
Consider the following table data and PHP code. What is the outcome?

Table data (table name "users" with primary key "id"):

PHP code (assume the PDO connection is correctly established):

$dsn = 'mysql:host=localhost;dbname=exam';
$user = 'username';
$pass = '********';
$pdo = new PDO($dsn, $user, $pass);

$cmd = "SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = :id";

$stmt = $pdo->prepare($cmd);
$id = 3;
$stmt->bindParam('id', $id);
$stmt->execute();

$stmt->bindColumn(3, $result);
$row = $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_BOUND);
A. The database will return no rows.
B. The value of $row will be an array.
C. The value of $result will be empty.
D. The value of $result will be '[email protected]'.

Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 51
Consider the following table data and PHP code. What is the outcome?

Table data (table name "users" with primary key "id"):

id name email
------- ----------- -------------------
1 anna [email protected]
2 betty [email protected]
3 clara [email protected]
5 sue [email protected]

PHP code (assume the PDO connection is correctly established):

$dsn = 'mysql:host=localhost;dbname=exam';
$user = 'username';
$pass = '********';
$pdo = new PDO($dsn, $user, $pass);

try {
$cmd = "INSERT INTO users (id, name, email) VALUES (:id, :name, :email)";
$stmt = $pdo->prepare($cmd);
$stmt->bindValue('id', 1);
$stmt->bindValue('name', 'anna');
$stmt->bindValue('email', '[email protected]');
$stmt->execute();
echo "Success!";
} catch (PDOException $e) {
echo "Failure!";
throw $e;
 }

A. The INSERT will succeed and the user will see the "Success!" message.
B. The INSERT will fail because of a primary key violation, and the user will see the "Success!"
message.
C. The INSERT will fail because of a primary key violation, and the user will see a PDO
warning message.
D. The INSERT will fail because of a primary key violation, and the user will see the "Failure!"
message.

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 52
Consider the following table data and PHP code. What is a possible outcome?

Table data (table name "users" with primary key "id"):

id name email
------- ----------- -------------------
1 anna [email protected]
2 betty [email protected]
3 clara [email protected]
5 sue [email protected]

PHP code (assume the PDO connection is correctly established):

$dsn = 'mysql:host=localhost;dbname=exam';
$user = 'username';
$pass = '********';
$pdo = new PDO($dsn, $user, $pass);

$cmd = "SELECT name, email FROM users LIMIT 1";

$stmt = $pdo->prepare($cmd);
$stmt->execute();

$result = $stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_BOTH);
$row = $result[0];
A. The value of $row is `array(0 => 'anna', 1 => '[email protected]')`.
B. The value of $row is `array('name' => 'anna', 'email' => '[email protected]')`.
C. The value of $row is `array(0 => 'anna', 'name' => 'anna', 1 => '[email protected]', 'email'
=> '[email protected]')`.
D. The value of $result is `array('anna' => '[email protected]')`.

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 53
Consider the following table data and PHP code, and assume that the database supports
transactions. What is the outcome?

Table data (table name "users" with primary key "id"):

id name email
------- ----------- -------------------
1 anna [email protected]
2 betty [email protected]
3 clara [email protected]
5 sue [email protected]

PHP code (assume the PDO connection is correctly established):

$dsn = 'mysql:host=localhost;dbname=exam';
$user = 'username';
$pass = '********';
$pdo = new PDO($dsn, $user, $pass);

try {
$pdo->exec("INSERT INTO users (id, name, email) VALUES (6, 'bill',
'[email protected]')");
$pdo->begin();
$pdo->exec("INSERT INTO users (id, name, email) VALUES (7, 'john',
'[email protected]')");
throw new Exception();
} catch (Exception $e) {
$pdo->rollBack();
}
A. The user 'bill' will be inserted, but the user 'john' will not be.
B. Both user 'bill' and user 'john' will be inserted.
C. Neither user 'bill' nor user 'john' will be inserted.
D. The user 'bill' will not be inserted, but the user 'john' will be.

Answer: A

QUESTION NO: 54
Given a PHP value, which sample shows how to convert the value to JSON?

A. $string = json_encode($value);
B. $string = Json::encode($value);
C. $json = new Json($value); $string = $json->__toString();
D. $value = (object) $value; $string = $value->__toJson();

Answer: A

QUESTION NO: 55
Given a JSON-encoded string, which code sample correctly indicates how to decode the string to
native PHP values?

A. $json = new Json($jsonValue); $value = $json->decode();

B. $value = Json::decode($jsonValue);
C. $value = json_decode($jsonValue);
D. $value = Json::fromJson($jsonValue);

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 56
Which of the following PHP values may NOT be encoded to a JavaScript literal using PHP's
ext/json capabilities?

A. 'Hello, world!'
B. function(){ alert("Hello, world!"); }
C. array('Hello, world!')
D. array('message' => 'Hello, world!')
Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 57
Which of the following will NOT instantiate a DateTime object with the current timestamp?

A. $date = new DateTime();

B. $date = new DateTime('@' . time());
C. $date = new DateTime('now');
D. $date = new DateTime(time());

Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 58
Given a DateTime object that is set to the first second of the year 2014, which of the following
samples will correctly return a date in the format '2014-01-01 00:00:01'?

A. $datetime->format('%Y-%m-%d %h:%i:%s')
B. $datetime->format('%Y-%m-%d %h:%i:%s', array('year', 'month', 'day', 'hour', 'minute',
'second'))
C. $datetime->format('Y-m-d H:i:s')
D. $date = date('Y-m-d H:i:s', $datetime);

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 59
Given the following DateTime objects, what can you use to compare the two dates and indicate
that $date2 is the later of the two dates?

$date1 = new DateTime('2014-02-03');

$date2 = new DateTime('2014-03-02');

A. $date2 > $date1

B. $date2 < $date1
C. $date1->diff($date2) < 0
D. $date1->diff($date2) > 0
Answer: A

QUESTION NO: 60
Given the following DateTime object, which sample will NOT alter the date to the value '2014-
02-15'?

$date = new DateTime('2014-03-15');

A. $date->sub(new DateInterval('P1M'));
B. $date->setDate(2014, 2, 15);
C. $date->modify('-1 month');
D. $date->diff(new DateInterval('-P1M'));

Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 61
Which interfaces could class C implement in order to allow each statement in the following code
to work? (Choose 2)

$obj = new C();

foreach ($obj as $x => $y) {

echo $x, $y;
}

A. Iterator
B. ArrayAccess
C. IteratorAggregate
D. ArrayObject

Answer: A, C

QUESTION NO: 62
What is the output of the following code?

class Foo Implements ArrayAccess {

 function offsetExists($k) { return true;}
function offsetGet($k) {return 'a';}
function offsetSet($k, $v) {}
function offsetUnset($k) {}
}
$x = new Foo();

echo array_key_exists('foo', $x)?'true':'false';

A. true
B. false

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 63
What is the output of the following code?

class Bar {
private $a = 'b';
public $c = 'd';
}
$x = (array) new Bar();

echo array_key_exists('a', $x) ? 'true' : 'false';

echo '-';
echo array_key_exists('c', $x) ? 'true' : 'false';

A. false-false
B. false-true
C. true-false
D. true-true

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 64
What is the output of the following code?

$a = array('a', 'b'=>'c');
 echo property_exists((object) $a, 'a')?'true':'false';
echo '-';
echo property_exists((object) $a, 'b')?'true':'false';

A. false-false
B. false-true
C. true-false
D. true-true

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 65
Assuming UTF-8 encoding, what is the value of $count?

A. 0
B. 4
C. 5
D. 7

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 66
What is the output of this code?

$world = 'world';
echo <<<'TEXT'
hello $world
TEXT;

A. hello world
B. hello $world
C. PHP Parser error

Answer: C
QUESTION NO: 67
Given a php.ini setting of

default_charset = utf-8

what will the following code print in the browser?

header('Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1');

echo '&#9986;&#10004;&#10013;';

A. Three Unicode characters, or unreadable text, depending on the browser

B. &#9986;&#10004;&#10013;
C. A blank line due to charset mismatch

Answer: A

QUESTION NO: 68
What will the following code print out?

$str = '&#10004; one of the following';

echo str_replace('&#10004;', 'Check', $str);

A. Check one of the following

B. one of the following
C. &#10004; one of the following

Answer: A

QUESTION NO: 69
What is the pattern modifier for handling UTF-8 encoded preg_* functionality?

A. e
B. u
C. PHP does not support UTF-8 encoded strings
D. A pattern modifier is not needed

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 70
What is the output of the following code?

$text = 'This is text';

$text1 = <<<'TEXT'
$text
TEXT;

$text2 = <<<TEXT
$text1
TEXT;

echo "$text2";

A. This is text
B. $text
C. $text1
D. $text2

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 71
Your public web application needs to provide access to binary files for registered users only.
How would you achieve this?

A. Host the files on a public external file sharing service.

B. Redirect to the file which resides in the server's document root
C. Use PHP to send the file to the client, using the header() function to set appropriate HTTP
headers
D. PHP is used for service HTML content, not binary content

Answer: C
QUESTION NO: 72
What content-type is required when sending an HTTP POST using JavaScript to ensure that PHP
can access the data?

A. application/x-www-form-urlencoded
B. http/post
C. text/html
D. object/multipart-formdata

Answer: A

QUESTION NO: 73
From your PHP application, how can you send the same header twice, but with different values?

A. Set the second argument of the header() function to false

B. PHP does that automatically
C. You may only send a particular type of header once
D. Use the header_add() function

Answer: A

QUESTION NO: 74
Which class of HTTP status codes is used for server error conditions?

A. 2XX
B. 3XX
C. 4XX
D. 5XX

Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 75
Which class of HTTP status codes is used for redirections?

A. 2XX
B. 3XX
C. 4XX
D. 5XX

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 76
Which of the following can NOT be used to send a cookie from within a PHP application?

A. header()
B. $_COOKIE
C. setcookie()
D. setrawcookie()

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 77
Under what condition may HTTP headers be set from PHP if there is content echoed prior to the
header function being used?

A. headers_sent() returns true

B. Output buffering is enabled
C. The client supports local buffering
D. The webserver uses preemptive mode

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 78
Before the headers are sent, how can you remove a previously set header?

A. Use the header_remove() function, providing the name of the header

B. Use the die() function to abort the PHP script
C. Not possible
D. Use the headers_list() function, providing the name of the header as the second argument

Answer: A
QUESTION NO: 79
How can you determine whether a PHP script has already sent cookies to the client?

A. Use $_COOKIE
B. Use the getcookie() function
C. Use the headers_sent() function
D. Use JavaScript to send a second HTTP request

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 80
An HTML form has two submit buttons. After submitting the form, how can you determine with
PHP which button was clicked?

A. An HTML form may only have one button.

B. You cannot determine this with PHP only. You must use JavaScript to add a value to the URL
depending on which button has been clicked.
C. Put the two buttons in different forms, but make sure they have the same name.
D. Assign name and value attributes to each button and use $_GET or $_POST to find out which
button has been clicked.

Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 81
What is the output of the following code?

function append($str)
{
$str = $str.'append';
}

function prepend(&$str)
{
$str = 'prepend'.$str;
}

$string = 'zce';
append(prepend($string));
 echo $string;

A. zceappend
B. prependzceappend
C. prependzce
D. zce

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 82
What is the output of the following code?

function increment ($val)

{
$val = $val + 1;
}

$val = 1;

increment ($val);

echo $val;

Answer: 1

QUESTION NO: 83
What is the output of the following code?

function increment ($val)

{
++$val;
}

$val = 1;

increment ($val);

echo $val;
Answer: 1

QUESTION NO: 84
What is the output of the following code?

function increment ($val)

{
$_GET['m'] = (int) $_GET['m'] + 1;
}

$_GET['m'] = 1;

echo $_GET['m'];

Answer: 1

QUESTION NO: 85
How many times will the function counter() be executed in the following code?

function counter($start, &$stop)

{
if ($stop > $start)
{
return;
}
counter($start--, ++$stop);
}

$start = 5;
$stop = 2;
counter($start, $stop);

A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6
Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 86
How do you allow the caller to submit a variable number of arguments to a function?

A. Using a prototype like function test(... $parameters).

B. Using a prototype like function test() and the function func_get_args() inside the function
body.
C. Using a prototype like function test($parameters[]).
D. Using a prototype like function test() and the function get_variable_args() inside the function
body.
E: This is not possible in PHP.

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 87
What will the $array array contain at the end of this script?

function modifyArray (&$array)

{
foreach ($array as &$value)
{
$value = $value + 1;
}

$value = $value + 2;
}

$array = array (1, 2, 3);

modifyArray($array);

A. 2, 3, 4
B. 2, 3, 6
C. 4, 5, 6
D. 1, 2, 3

Answer: B
QUESTION NO: 88
What is the output of the following code?

class a
{
public $val;
}

function renderVal (a $a)

{
if ($a) {
echo $a->val;
}
}

renderVal (null);

A. A syntax error in the function declaration line

B. An error, because null is not an instance of 'a'
C. Nothing, because a null value is being passed to renderVal()
D. NULL

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 89
What is the output of the following code?

function fibonacci (&$x1 = 0, &$x2 = 1)

{
$result = $x1 + $x2;
$x1 = $x2;
$x2 = $result;

return $result;
}

for ($i = 0; $i < 10; $i++) {

echo fibonacci() . ',';
 }

A. An error
B. 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
C. 1,1,2,3,5,8,13,21,34,55,
D. Nothing

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 90
What is the output of the following code?

function ratio ($x1 = 10, $x2)

{
if (isset ($x2)) {
return $x2 / $x1;
}
}

echo ratio (0);

A. 0
B. An integer overflow error
C. A warning, because $x1 is not set
D. A warning, because $x2 is not set
E: A floating-point overflow error
F: Nothing

Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 91
Which of the following is NOT a valid function declaration?

A. function x ($x1 = array())

B. function x (A $x1)
C. function x (A $x1 = null)
D. function x ($x1 = $x2)
Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 92
What is the output of the following code?

function increment (&$val)

{
return $val + 1;
}

$a = 1;

echo increment ($a);

echo increment ($a);

Answer: 22

QUESTION NO: 93
Which of the following is true about stream contexts? (Choose 2)

A. A context can modify or enhance the behavior of a stream

B. A context indicates what session the stream is part of
C. A context is a set of parameters and stream wrapper specific options
D. Contexts are created with new Stream_Context();

Answer: A, C

QUESTION NO: 94
Consider the following code. What can be said about the call to file_get_contents?

$getdata = "foo=bar";
$opts = array('http' =>
array(
'method' => 'POST',
'header' => 'Content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
'content' => $getdata
)
 );

$context = stream_context_create($opts);

$result = file_get_contents('http://example.com/submit.php', false, $context);

A. A GET request will be performed on http://example.com/submit.php

B. A POST request will be performed on http://example.com/submit.php
C. An error will be displayed

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 95
What function can be used to retrieve an array of current options for a stream context?

A. stream_context_get_params
B. stream_context_get_default
C. stream_context_get_options
D. The 'options' element of the stream_get_meta_data return value

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 96
When retrieving data from URLs, what are valid ways to make sure all file_get_contents calls
send a certain user agent string? (Choose 2)

A. $default_opts = array('http'=>array('user_agent'=>"My Cool Browser"));

$default = stream_context_set_default($default_opts);
B. stream_context_set_option("user_agent", "My Cool Browser");
C. ini_set('user_agent', "My Cool Browser");
D. stream_context_set_option($context, "http", "user_agent", "My Cool Browser");

Answer: A, C

QUESTION NO: 97
What will an opcode cache ALWAYS automatically improve?
A. Running time of a loop in a PHP script
B. Efficiency of HTML markup generated by a PHP script
C. Execution speed of a PHP script
D. Memory footprint of a PHP script
E: None of the above

Answer: E

QUESTION NO: 98
What is cached by an opcode cache?

A. Compiled PHP code

B. Native PHP extensions
C. Data sent to the client
D. Data received from the database

Answer: A

QUESTION NO: 99
Which php.ini setting is usually required to use an opcode cache?

A. extension
B. zend_extension
C. optimizer
D. dl

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 100

What is the output of the following code?

var_dump(boolval(-1));

A. bool(true)
B. bool(false)

Answer: A
QUESTION NO: 101
What is the output of the following code?

var_dump(boolval([]));

A. bool(true)
B. bool(false)

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 102

What is the output of the following code?

var_dump(boolval(new StdClass()));

A. bool(true)
B. bool(false)

Answer: A

QUESTION NO: 103

Consider the following code:

$result = $value1 ??? $value2;

Which operator needs to be used instead of ??? so that $result equals $value1 if $value1
evaluates to true, and equals $value2 otherwise? Just state the operator as it would be required in
the code.

Answer: ?:

QUESTION NO: 104

Which of the following is NOT true about PHP traits? (Choose 2)

A. Multiple traits can be used by a single class.

B. A trait can implement an interface.
C. A trait can declare a private variable.
D. Traits are able to be auto-loaded.
E: Traits automatically resolve conflicts based on definition order.

Answer: B, E

QUESTION NO: 105

Given the following code, what will the output be:

trait MyTrait {
private $abc = 1;
public function increment() {
$this->abc++;
}
public function getValue() {
return $this->abc;
}
}
class MyClass {
use MyTrait;
public function incrementBy2() {
$this->increment();
$this->abc++;
}
}

$c = new MyClass;
$c->incrementBy2();
var_dump($c->getValue());

A. Fatal error: Access to private variable MyTrait::$abc from context MyClass

B. Notice: Undefined property MyClass::$abc
C. int(2)
D. int(3)
E: NULL

Answer: D
QUESTION NO: 106
Given the following code, how can we use both traits A and B in the same class? (select all that
apply)

trait A {
public function hello() {
return "hello";
}
public function world() {
return "world";
}
}
trait B {
public function hello() {
return "Hello";
}
public function person($name) {
return ":$name";
}
}

A. Rename the A::hello() method to a different name using A::hello as helloA;

B. Use B::hello() instead of A 's version using B::hello insteadof A
C. Use B::hello() instead of A 's version using use B::hello
D. Rename the A::hello() method to a different name using A::hello renameto helloA;
E: None of the above (both can be used directly)

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 107

In the following code, which line should be changed so it outputs the number 2:

class A {
protected $x = array(); /* A */

public function getX() { /* B */

return $this->x; /* C */
}
 }

$a = new A(); /* D */
array_push($a->getX(), "one");
array_push($a->getX(), "two");
echo count($a->getX());

A. No changes needed, the code would output 2 as is

B. Line A, to: protected &$x = array();
C. Line B, to: public function &getX() {
D. Line C, to: return &$this->x;
E: Line D, to: $a =& new A();

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 108

What is the output of the following code?
class A {
public $a = 1;
public function __construct($a) { $this->a = $a; }
public function mul() {
return function($x) {
return $this->a*$x;
};
}
}
$a = new A(2);
$a->mul = function($x) {
return $x*$x;
};
$m = $a->mul();
echo $m(3);

A. 9
B. 6
C. 0
D. 3

Answer: B
QUESTION NO: 109
What is the output of the following code?

class Number {
private $v = 0;
public function __construct($v) { $this->v = $v; }
public function mul() {
return function ($x) { return $this->v * $x; };
}
}

$one = new Number(1);

$two = new Number(2);
$double = $two->mul()->bindTo($one);
echo $double(5);

Answer: 5

QUESTION NO: 110

What is the output of the following code?
class Number {
private $v;
private static $sv = 10;
public function __construct($v) { $this->v = $v; }
public function mul() {
return static function ($x) {
return isset($this) ? $this->v*$x : self::$sv*$x;
};
}
}

$one = new Number(1);

$two = new Number(2);
$double = $two->mul();
$x = Closure::bind($double, null, 'Number');
echo $x(5);
A. 5
B. 10
C. 50
D. Fatal error

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 111

Which of the following statements about anonymous functions in PHP are NOT true? (Choose
2)

A. Anonymous functions can be bound to objects

B. Anonymous functions created within object context are always bound to that object
C. Assigning closure to a property of an object binds it to that object
D. Methods bind() and bindTo() of the Closure object provide means to create closures with
different binding and scope
E: Binding defines the value of $this and the scope for a closure

Answer: B, C

QUESTION NO: 112

What will be the result of the following operation?
$a = array_merge([1,2,3] + [4=>1,5,6]);
echo $a[2];

A. 4
B. 3
C. 2
D. false
E: Parse error

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 113

Which of the following functions will allow identifying unique values inside an array?

A. array_unique_values
B. array_distinct
C. array_count_values
D. array_intersect
E: array_values

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 114

When using password_hash() with the PASSWORD_DEFAULT algorithm constant, which of
the following is true? (Choose 2)

A. The algorithm that is used for hashing passwords can change when PHP is upgraded.
B. The salt option should always be set to a longer value to account for future algorithm
requirements.
C. The string length of the returned hash can change over time.
D. The hash algorithm that's used will always be compatible with crypt() .

Answer: A, C

QUESTION NO: 115

Which of the following are NOT acceptable ways to create a secure password hash in PHP?
(Choose 2)

A. md5()
B. hash_pbkdf2()
C. password_hash()
D. crypt()
E. openssl_digest()

Answer: A, E

QUESTION NO: 116

What is the preferred method for preventing SQL injection?

A. Always using prepared statements for all SQL queries.

B. Always using the available database-specific escaping functionality on all variables prior to
building the SQL query.
C. Using addslashes() to escape variables to be used in a query.
D. Using htmlspecialchars() and the available database-specific escaping functionality to escape
variables to be used in a query.

Answer: A

QUESTION NO: 117

Is the following code vulnerable to SQL Injection ($mysqli is an instance of the MySQLi class)?

$age = $mysqli->real_escape_string($_GET['age']);
$name = $mysqli->real_escape_string($_GET['name']);
$query = "SELECT * FROM `table` WHERE name LIKE '$name' AND age = $age";
$results = $mysqli->query($query);

A. No, the code is fully protected from SQL Injection.

B. Yes, because the $name variable is improperly escaped.
C. Yes, because the $name variable and the $age variable is improperly escaped.
D. Yes, because the $age variable is improperly escaped.
E: Yes, because you cannot prevent SQL Injection when using MySQLi

Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 118

Which of the following does NOT help to protect against session hijacking and fixation attacks?

A. Use SSL and set the $secure cookie parameter to true .

B. Set the session.use_only_cookies php.ini parameter to 1 .
C. Set the session.cookie_lifetime php.ini parameter to 0 .
D. Protect against XSS vulnerabilities in the application.
E: Rotate the session id on successful login and logout using session_regenerate_id()

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 119

Please provide the value of the $code variable in the following statement to set an HTTP status
code that signifies that the requested resource was not found.
http_response_code($code);

Answer: 404, 404 Not Found

QUESTION NO: 120

Which of the following PHP functions can be used to set the HTTP response code? (Choose 2)

A. header_add()
B. header()
C. http_set_status()
D. http_response_code()
E: http_header_set()

Answer: B, D

QUESTION NO: 121

What is the name of the header used to require HTTP authentication?

A. Authorization-Required
B. WWW-Authenticate
C. HTTP-Authenticate
D. Authentication-Required
E: HTTP-Auth

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 122

What types of HTTP authentication are supported by PHP? (Choose 2)

A. Basic
B. Advanced
C. Strict
D. Digest
E: Realm

Answer: A, D
QUESTION NO: 123
Which of the following items in the $_SERVER superglobal are important for authenticating the
client when using HTTP Basic authentication? (Choose 2)

A. PHP_AUTH_TYPE
B. PHP_AUTH_PASSWORD
C. PHP_AUTH_DIGEST
D. PHP_AUTH_PW
E: PHP_AUTH_USER

Answer: D, E

QUESTION NO: 124

When tracking upload progress with sessions, the values of 2 INI settings are needed to
determine the key in $_SESSION of the upload progress data. What are the INI settings?
(Choose 2)

A. session.upload_progress.file
B. session.upload_progress.key
C. session.upload_progress.prefix
D. session.upload_progress.freq
E: session.upload_progress.name

Answer: C, E

QUESTION NO: 125

What is the name of the function that allows you register a set of functions that implement user-
defined session handling?

A. session_set_handler()
B. session_set_storage_handler()
C. session_register_handler()
D. session_set_save_handler()

Answer: D
QUESTION NO: 126
Which of these databases is NOT supported by a PDO driver?

A. Microsoft SQL Server

B. SQLite
C. Microsoft Access
D. Berkeley DB

Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 127

Which of these statements about PDO is NOT true?

A. PDO has built-in support for Large Objects (LOBs).

B. Placeholders within PDO prepared statements need to be named.
C. When something goes wrong, PDO can throw an instance of its own exception class.
D. PDO does not emulate missing database features.

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 128

What is the output of the following code?

class test {
public $value = 0;
function test() {
$this->value = 1;
}
function __construct() {
$this->value = 2;
}
}
$object = new test();
echo $object->value;

A. 2
B. 1
C. 0
D. 3
E: No Output, PHP will generate an error message.

Answer: A

QUESTION NO: 129

Which methods can be used to overload object properties? (Choose 2)

A. set(), get()
B. __set(), __get()
C. __put(), __receive(), __exists()
D. set(), get(), isset()
E: __isset(), __unset()

Answer: B, E

QUESTION NO: 130

What is the result of the following code?

class T
{
const A = 42 + 1;
}
echo T::A;

A. 42
B. 43
C. Parse error

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 131

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. Class constants are public

B. Class constants are being inherited
C. Class constants can omit initialization (default to NULL)
D. Class constants can be initialized by const

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 132

What is the result of the following code?

define('PI', 3.14);
class T
{
const PI = PI;
}
class Math
{
const PI = T::PI;
}
echo Math::PI;

A. Parse error
B. 3.14
C. PI
D. T::PI

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 133

Given the following code, what is correct?

function f(stdClass &$x = NULL) { $x = 42; }

$z = new stdClass;
f($z);
var_dump($z);

A. Error: Typehints cannot be NULL

B. Error: Typehints cannot be references
C. Result is NULL
D. Result is object of type stdClass
E: Result is 42

Answer: E

QUESTION NO: 134

Which of the following statements is NOT correct?

A. Only methods can have type hints

B. Typehints can be optional
C. Typehints can be references

Answer: A

QUESTION NO: 135

Which of the following statements is correct?

A. Interfaces can extend only one interface

B. Interfaces can extend more than one interface
C. Interfaces can inherit a method from different interfaces
D. Interfaces can redeclare inherited methods

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 136

Which of the following statements about exceptions is correct? (Choose 2)

A. you can only throw classes derived from Exception

B. a try block can have multiple catch blocks
C. a try block must not be followed by a catch block
D. try blocks cannot contain nested try blocks

Answer: A, B

QUESTION NO: 137

What is the output of the following code?
 try {
class MyException extends Exception {};
try {
throw new MyException;
}
catch (Exception $e) {
echo "1:";
throw $e;
}
catch (MyException $e) {
echo "2:";
throw $e;
}
}
catch (Exception $e) {
echo get_class($e);
}

A. A parser error, try cannot be followed by multiple catch

B. 1:
C. 2:
D. 1:Exception
E: 1:MyException
F: 2:MyException
G: MyException

Answer: E

QUESTION NO: 138

Which of the following is NOT possible using reflection?

A. Analysing of nearly any aspect of classes and interfaces

B. Analysing of nearly any aspect of functions
C. Adding class methods
D. Implement dynamic construction (new with variable class name)

Answer: C
QUESTION NO: 139
What is the name of the method that can be used to provide read access to virtual properties in a
class?

A. __call()
B. __get()
C. __set()
D. __wakeup()
E: __fetch()

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 140

Which of the following statements about Reflection is correct?

Which of the following statements about Reflection are correct?

A. Reflection is an extension that can be disabled

B. Reflection is a new extension present only in PHP 7.0+
C. Reflection only allows to reflect on built-in classes
D. Built-in classes can be reflected on command line using php --rc <classname>

Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 141

What is the name of the PHP function used to automatically load non-yet defined classes?

A. autoload()
B. __autoload()
C. __catch()
D. load()
E: loadClass()

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 142

When a class is defined as final it:
A. Can no longer be extended by other classes.
B. Means methods in the class are not over-loadable.
C. Cannot be defined as such, final is only applicable to object methods.
D. Cannot be instantiated.

Answer: A

QUESTION NO: 143

Type hinting in PHP allows the identification of the following variable types: (Choose 2)

A. String
B. Integer
C. Array
D. Any class or interface type
E: All of the above

Answer: C, D

QUESTION NO: 144

In the following code, which classes can be instantiated?

abstract class Graphics {

abstract function draw($im, $col);
}

abstract class Point1 extends Graphics {

public $x, $y;
function __construct($x, $y) {
$this->x = $x;
$this->y = $y;
}
function draw($im, $col) {
ImageSetPixel($im, $this->x, $this->y, $col);
}
}

class Point2 extends Point1 { }

 abstract class Point3 extends Point2 { }

A. Graphics
B. Point1
C. Point2
D. Point3
E: None, the code is invalid

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 145

Which of the following code snippets is correct? (Choose 2)

A. interface Drawable {
abstract function draw();
}

B. interface Point {
function getX();
function getY();
}

C. interface Line extends Point {

function getX2();
function getY2();
}

D. interface Circle implements Point {

function getRadius();
}

Answer: B, C

QUESTION NO: 146

Which of the following statements about PHP is false? (Choose 2)

A. A final class can be derived.

B. A final class may be instantiated.
C. A class with a final function may be derived.
D. Static functions can be final.
E: Properties can be final.

Answer: A, E

QUESTION NO: 147

Which of the following is correct? (Choose 2)

A. A class can extend more than one class.

B. A class can implement more than one class.
C. A class can extend more than one interface.
D. A class can implement more than one interface.
E: An interface can extend more than one interface.
F: An interface can implement more than one interface.

Answer: D, E

QUESTION NO: 148

Which of the following functions are used to escape data within the context of HTML? (Choose
2)

A. htmlentities()
B. addslashes()
C. stripslashes()
D. strip_tags()
E: htmlspecialchars()

Answer: A, E

QUESTION NO: 149

In a shared hosting environment, session data can be read by PHP scripts written by any user.
How can you prevent this? (Choose 2)

A. Store session data in a different location with session.save_path .

B. Store session data in a database.
C. Enable safe_mode .
D. Set session.name to something unique.

Answer: A, B

QUESTION NO: 150

Which of the following filtering techniques prevents all cross-site scripting (XSS)
vulnerabilities?

A. Strip all occurrences of the string <script .

B. Strip all occurrences of the string javascript .
C. Enable magic_quotes_gpc .
D. None of the above.

Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 151

You work for a shared hosting provider, and your supervisor asks you to disable user scripts to
dynamically load PHP extensions using the dl() function. How can you do this? (Choose 2)

A. Set enable_dl to Off in the server's php.ini configuration file.

B. Add dl to the current value of disable_functions in the server's php.ini configuration file.
C. Add dl to the current value of disable_classes in the server's php.ini configuration file.
D. Write a custom function called dl() , save it under the name prepend.inc and then set the
auto_prepend_file directive to prepend.inc in php.ini.

Answer: A, B

QUESTION NO: 152

When a browser requests an image identified by an img tag, it never sends a Cookie header.

A. TRUE
B. FALSE

Answer: B
QUESTION NO: 153
Which of the following techniques ensures that a value submitted in a form can only be yes or no
?

A. Use a select list that only lets the user choose between yes and no .
B. Use a hidden input field that has a value of yes or no .
C. Enable the safe_mode configuration directive.
D. None of the above.

Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 154

Which function can NOT help prevent cross-site scripting? (Choose 2)

A. addslashes()
B. htmlentities()
C. htmlspecialchars()
D. strip_tags()
E: quotemeta()

Answer: A, E

QUESTION NO: 155

Which constant must be passed as the second argument to htmlentities() to convert single quotes
(') to HTML entities?

A. TRUE
B. FALSE
C. ENT_QUOTES
D. ENT_NOQUOTES
E: ENT_COMPAT

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 156

One common security risk is exposing error messages directly in the browser. Which PHP
configuration directive can be disabled to prevent this?

A. html_display
B. error_reporting
C. display_errors
D. error_log
E: ignore_repeated_errors

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 157

Which of the following superglobals does not necessarily contain data from the client?

A. $_POST
B. $_SESSION
C. $_GET
D. $_SERVER

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 158

Which of the following statements is true?

A. All PHP database extensions support prepared statements

B. All PHP database extensions come with their own special helper functions to escape user data
to be used in dynamic SQL queries
C. All PHP database extensions provide an OOP interface
D. All PHP database extensions appear in the output of php -m , if installed and enabled

Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 159

Transactions are used to...

A. guarantee high performance

B. secure data consistency
C. secure access to the database
D. reduce the database server overhead
E: reduce code size in PHP

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 160

When a query that is supposed to affect rows is executed as part of a transaction, and reports no
affected rows, it could mean that: (Choose 2)

A. The transaction failed

B. The transaction affected no lines
C. The transaction was rolled back
D. The transaction was committed without error

Answer: A, B

QUESTION NO: 161

Transactions should be used to: (Choose 2)

A. Prevent errors in case of a power outage or a failure in the SQL connection

B. Ensure that the data is properly formatted
C. Ensure that either all statements are performed properly, or that none of them are.
D. Recover from user errors

Answer: A, C

QUESTION NO: 162

An unbuffered database query will: (Choose 2)

A. Return the first data faster

B. Return all data faster
C. Free connection faster for others scripts to use
D. Use less memory

Answer: A, D
QUESTION NO: 163
Which technique should be used to speed up joins without changing their results?

A. Add indices on joined columns

B. Add a WHERE clause
C. Add a LIMIT clause
D. Use an inner join

Answer: A

QUESTION NO: 164

Consider the following XML code:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<books>
<book id="1">PHP 7.0 in 42 Hours</book>
<book id="2">Learning PHP 7.0 The Hard Way</book>
</books>

Which of the following SimpleXML calls prints the name of the second book?
(Let $xml = simplexml_load_file("books.xml"); .) (Choose 2)

A. echo $xml->books->book[2];
B. echo $xml->books->book[1];
C. echo $xml->book[1];
D. echo $xml->xpath("/books/book[@id=2]");
E: $c = $xml->children(); echo $c[1];

Answer: C, E

QUESTION NO: 165

What method can be used to find the tag <any> via the DOM extension?

A. getElementById()
B. getElementsByTagName()
C. getElementsByTagNameNS()
D. getElementByName()
E: findTag()

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 166

What DOMElement method should be used to check for availability of a non-namespaced
attribute?

A. getAttributeNS()
B. getAttribute()
C. hasAttribute()
D. hasAttributeNS()

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 167

Which DOMElement property provides a reference to the list of the element's children?

Answer: childNodes

QUESTION NO: 168

Which of the following is an invalid DOM save method?

A. save()
B. saveFile()
C. saveXML()
D. saveHTML()
E: saveHTMLFile()

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 169

Which of the following rules must every correct XML document adhere to? (Choose 2)

A. It has to be well-formed.
B. It has to be valid.
C. It has to be associated to a DTD.
D. It may only contain UTF-8 encoded characters.

Answer: A, B

QUESTION NO: 170

Which one of the following XML declarations is NOT valid?

A. <?xml version="1.0" ?>

B. <?xml version="1.1" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
C. <?xml standalone="no" ?>
D. <?xml standalone="1" ?>

Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 171

Which of the following parts must a XML document have in order to be well-formed?

A. An XML declaration
B. A root element
C. A specified encoding
D. A reference to either a DTD or an XML schema definition

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 172

Which of the following can be registered as entry points with a SoapServer instance (choose 2):

A. A single function
B. A single method from a class
C. All methods from a class
D. All classes defined in a script

Answer: A, C
QUESTION NO: 173
Which of the following statements about SOAP is NOT true?

A. SOAP is also a request-/response-based protocol.

B. SOAP can be transported using SMTP, HTTP and other protocols.
C. SOAP requires developers to use WSDL.
D. SOAP traffic via HTTP can be encrypted and compressed just like other HTTP requests.

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 174

What SimpleXML function is used to parse a file?

A. simplexml_load_file()
B. simplexml_load_string()
C. load()
D. loadFile()
E: loadXML()
F: None of the above.

Answer: A

QUESTION NO: 175

The XML document below has been parsed into $xml via SimpleXML. How can the value of
<foo> tag accessed?

<?xml version='1.0'?>
<document>
<bar>
<foo>Value</foo>
</bar>
</document>

A. $xml->bar['foo']
B. $xml->bar->foo
C. $xml['document']['bar']['foo']
D. $xml->document->bar->foo
E: $xml->getElementByName('foo');
Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 176

What parsing methodology is utilized by the SimpleXML extension?

A. SAX
B. DOM
C. XPath
D. Push/Pull Approach
E: Expat

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 177

How can the id attribute of the 2nd baz element from the XML string below be retrieved from
the SimpleXML object
found inside $xml?
<?xml version='1.0'?>
<foo>
<bar>
<baz id="1">One</baz>
<baz id="2">Two</baz>
</bar>
</foo>

A. $xml->getElementById('2');
B. $xml->foo->bar->baz[2]['id']
C. $xml->foo->baz[2]['id']
D. $xml->foo->bar->baz[1]['id']
E: $xml->bar->baz[1]['id']

Answer: E

QUESTION NO: 178

How can a SimpleXML object be converted to a DOM object?
A. dom_import_simplexml()
B. dom_export_simplexml()
C. simplexml_import_dom()
D. SimpleXML2Dom()
E: None of the above.

Answer: A

QUESTION NO: 179

What is the method used to execute XPath queries in the SimpleXML extension?

A. xpathQuery()
B. xpath()
C. simpleXMLXpath()
D. query()
E: evaluate()

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 180

Which of the following statements are FALSE?

A. SimpleXML allows removal of attributes.

B. SimpleXML allows addition of new attributes.
C. SimpleXML allows removal of nodes.
D. SimpleXML allows addition of new nodes.
E: None of the above

Answer: E

QUESTION NO: 181

What DOM method is used to load HTML files?

A. load()
B. loadXML()
C. loadHTML()
D. loadHTMLFile()
Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 182

What is the output of the following code?

for ($i = 0; $i < 1.02; $i += 0.17) {

$a[$i] = $i;
}
echo count($a);

A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. 6
E: 7

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 183

After performing the following operations:

$a = array('a', 'b', 'c');

$a = array_keys(array_flip($a));

What will be the value of $a?

A. array('c', 'b', 'a')

B. array(2, 1, 0)
C. array('a', 'b', 'c')
D. None of the above

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 184

PHP's array functions such as array_values() can be used on an object if the object...
A. implements Traversable
B. is an instance of ArrayObject
C. implements ArrayAccess
D. None of the above

Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 185

Which is the most efficient way to determine if a key is present in an array, assuming the array
has no NULL values?

A. in_array('key', array_keys($a))
B. isset($a['key'])
C. array_key_exists('key', $a)
D. None of the above

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 186

An object can be counted with count() and sizeof() if it...

A. implements ArrayAccess
B. has a public __count() method
C. was cast to an object from an array
D. None of the above

Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 187

Which value will be assigned to the key 0 in this example?

$foo = array(true, '0' => false, false => true);

Answer: true

QUESTION NO: 188

What will be the result of the following operation?

array_combine(array("A","B","C"), array(1,2,3));

A. array("A","B","C",1,2,3)
B. array(1,2,3,"A","B",C")
C. array("A"=>1,"B"=>2,"C"=>3)
D. array(1=>"A",2=>"B",3=>"C")
E: array(1,2,3)

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 189

Which of the following expressions will evaluate to a random value from an array below?

$array = array("Sue","Mary","John","Anna");

A. array_rand($array);
B. array_rand($array, 1);
C. shuffle($array);
D. $array[array_rand($array)];
E: array_values($array, ARRAY_RANDOM);

Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 190

What function can reverse the order of values in an array so that keys are preserved?

A. array_flip()
B. array_reverse()
C. rsort()
D. krsort()
E: array_multisort()

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 191

What will be the output value of the following code?

$array = array(1,2,3);
while (list(,$v) = each($array));
var_dump(current($array));

A. bool(false)
B. int(3)
C. int(1)
D. NULL
E: Array

Answer: A

QUESTION NO: 192

What will be the output of the following code?

$a = array(0, 1, 2 => array(3, 4));

$a[3] = array(4, 5);
echo count($a, 1);

A. 4
B. 5
C. 8
D. None of the above

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 193

Given the following array:

$a = array(28, 15, 77, 43);

Which function will remove the value 28 from $a?

A. array_shift()
B. array_pop()
C. array_pull()
D. array_unshift()

Answer: A

QUESTION NO: 194

The constructs for(), foreach(), and each() can all be used to iterate an object if the object...

A. implements ArrayAccess
B. implements Iterator
C. implements Iterator and ArrayAccess
D. None of the above

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 195

Which parts of the text are matched in the following regular expression?

$text = <<<EOT
The big bang bonged under the bung.
EOT;

preg_match_all('@b.n?g@', $text, $matches);

A. bang bong bung

B. bang bonged bung
C. big bang bong bung
D. big bang bung

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 196

What will the following code piece print?

echo strtr('Apples and bananas', 'ae', 'ea')

A. Applas end benenes

B. Epplas end benenes
C. Apples and bananas
D. Applas end bananas

Answer: A

QUESTION NO: 197

You want to parse a URL into its single parts. Which function do you choose?

A. parse_url()
B. url_parse()
C. get_url_parts()
D. geturlparts()

Answer: A

QUESTION NO: 198

Which elements does the array returned by the function pathinfo() contain?

A. root, dir, file

B. dirname, filename, fileextension
C. dirname, basename, extension
D. path, file

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 199

What will the following function call print?

printf('%010.6f', 22);

A. 22
B. 22.00
C. 022.000000
D. 22.000000

Answer: C
QUESTION NO: 200
What is the output of the following code?

echo 0x33, ' monkeys sit on ', 011, ' trees.';

A. 33 monkeys sit on 11 trees.

B. 51 monkeys sit on 9 trees.
C. monkeys sit on trees.
D. 0x33 monkeys sit on 011 trees.

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 201

You want to access the 3rd character of a string, contained in the variable $test. Which of the
following possibilites work? (Choose 2)

A. echo $test(3);
B. echo $test[2];
C. echo $test(2);
D. echo $test{2};
E: echo $test{3};

Answer: B, D

QUESTION NO: 202

Which sentence describes the following regular expression match?

preg_match('/^\d+(?:\.[0-9]+)?$/', $test);

A. It matches float numbers with thousand seperators.

B. It matches float numbers without thousand seperators.
C. It matches binary integer numbers.
D. It matches any string.
E: It does not match anything

Answer: B
QUESTION NO: 203
You need to escape special characters to use user input inside a regular expression. Which
functions would you use? (Choose 2)

A. addslashes()
B. htmlentities()
C. preg_quote()
D. regex_quote()
E: quote_meta()

Answer: C, E

QUESTION NO: 204

How many elements does the $matches array contain after the following function call is
performed?

preg_match('/^(\d{1,2}([a-z]+))(?:\s*)\S+ (?=201[0-9])/', '21st March 2014', $matches);

A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 205

How many elements does the array $matches from the following code contain?

$str = "The cat sat on the roof of their house.";

$matches = preg_split("/(the)/i", $str, -1, PREG_SPLIT_DELIM_CAPTURE);

A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 7
E: 9
Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 206

Given the default PHP configuration, how can all of the parameters provided via GET be
accessed in a form of a string?

A. $_GET['ALL']
B. $_SERVER['QUERY']
C. $_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']
D. $_ENV['QUERY']
E: $QUERY_STRING

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 207

What is the length of a string returned by: md5(rand(), TRUE);

A. Depends on the value returned by rand() function

B. 32
C. 24
D. 16
E: 64

Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 208

What is the return value of the following code?

strpos("me myself and I", "m", 2)

A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 0
E: 1
Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 209

What is the return value of the following code: substr_compare("foobar", "bar", 3);

A. -1
B. 1
C. TRUE
D. 0
E: FALSE

Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 210

You want to allow your users to submit HTML code in a form, which will then be displayed as
real code and not affect your page layout. Which function do you apply to the text, when
displaying it? (Choose 2)

A. strip_tags()
B. htmlentities()
C. htmltidy()
D. htmlspecialchars()
E: showhtml()

Answer: B, D

QUESTION NO: 211

How many elements does the array $pieces contain after the following piece of code has been
executed?

$pieces = explode("/", "///");

A. 0
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 212

Which string will be returned by the following function call?

$test = '/etc/conf.d/wireless';
substr($test, strrpos($test, '/')); // note that strrpos() is being called, and not strpos()

A. ""
B. "/wireless"
C. "wireless"
D. "/conf.d/wireless"
E: "/etc"

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 213

An HTML form contains this form element:

<input type="file" name="myFile" />

When this form is submitted, the following PHP code gets executed:

move_uploaded_file(
$_FILES['myFile']['tmp_name'],
'uploads/' . $_FILES['myFile']['name']
);

Which of the following actions must be taken before this code may go into production? (Choose
2)

A. Check with is_uploaded_file() whether the uploaded file $_FILES['myFile']['tmp_name'] is

valid
B. Sanitize the file name in $_FILES['myFile']['name'] because this value is not consistent
among web browsers
C. Check the charset encoding of the HTTP request to see whether it matches the encoding of the
uploaded file
D. Sanitize the file name in $_FILES['myFile']['name'] because this value could be forged
E. Use $HTTP_POST_FILES instead of $_FILES to maintain upwards compatibility

Answer: B, D

QUESTION NO: 214

Which PHP function retrieves a list of HTTP headers that have been sent as part of the HTTP
response or are ready to be sent?

A. header()
B. headers()
C. headers_list()
D. headers_sent()
E: getresponseheaders()

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 215

Which options do you have in PHP to set the expiry date of a session?

A. Set the session.duration directive in php.ini

B. Set session cookie expiry date locally via session_set_cookie_params()
C. Set session expiry date locally via session_cache_expire()
D. None of the above

Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 216

The following form is loaded in a browser and submitted, with the checkbox activated:

<form method="post">
<input type="checkbox" name="accept" />
</form>

In the server-side PHP code to deal with the form data, what is the value of $_POST['accept'] ?

A. accept
B. ok
C. true
D. on

Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 217

When uploading a file to a PHP script using the HTTP PUT method, where would the file data be
found?

A. the $_FILES super-global

B. the input stream php://input
C. the $_POST super-global
D. the global variable scope

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 218

Please provide the name of the super-global variable where all the information about cookies is
available.

Answer: $_COOKIE, $_COOKIE[\], _COOKIE, _COOKIE[\]

QUESTION NO: 219

The following form is loaded in a recent browser and submitted, with the second select option
selected:

<form method="post">
<select name="list">
<option>one</option>
<option>two</option>
<option>three</option>
</select>
</form>

In the server-side PHP code to deal with the form data, what is the value of $_POST['list'] ?
A. 1
B. 2
C. two
D. null

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 220

Which of the following is NOT a requirement for file uploads to work?

A. The PHP directive file_uploads must be set to On

B. The form's method attribute must be set to "post"
C. The form must include a hidden input element with the name set to "MAX_FILE_SIZE"
D. The form's enctype attribute must be set to "multipart/form-data"

Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 221

An HTML form contains this form element:

<input type="image" name="myImage" src="image.png" />

The user clicks on the image to submit the form. How can you now access the relative
coordinates of the mouse click?

A. $_FILES['myImage']['x'] and $_FILES['myImage']['y']

B. $_POST['myImage']['x'] and $_POST['myImage']['y']
C. $_POST['myImage.x'] and $_POST['myImage.y']
D. $_POST['myImage_x'] and $_POST['myImage_y']

Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 222

Which PHP function sets a cookie whose value does not get URL encoded when sending it to the
browser?

Answer: setrawcookie, setrawcookie()

QUESTION NO: 223
Which PHP function sets a cookie and URL encodes its value when sending it to the browser?

Answer: setcookie, setcookie()

QUESTION NO: 233

What are two reasons to use POST instead of GET when submitting a form? (Choose 2)

A. Protection from Cross-Site Request Forgery

B. POST requests can automatically encrypt data
C. A much higher content size restriction
D. Possibility to upload files

Answer: AB

QUESTION NO: 234

What is a difference between the ?? operator and the ?: operator?

A. The ?? operator combines the ternary operator with isset()

B. The ?: operator combines the ternary operator with isset()
C. The ?: operator is only supported by PHP 7 onwards

Answer: B

QUESTION NO: 235

What function can be used to determine the type of an object property?

Answer:

QUESTION NO: 236

Given the following PHP function:

function doSomething(?string $s) {

// ...
}

Which of the following values for the Ss parameter do NOT yield a type error when calling the
doSomethingO function? A
A. 'null'
B. null
C. "
D. All of the above

Answer:

What is the output of the following code?

$a = 1;
$b - 2;
$c = 3;
print (++$a) + ($b++) + (++$c) + ($a++) + (++$b> + ($c++);