ART

● derived from the Latin word ars, which originally meant "skill" or "craft"
● tangible output of creative expression
● a creation wrought from man’s imagination
● depicts the artists’ interpretation of the reality

FUNCTIONS OF ART
● Feels the need to express a thought, sentiment, or idea through the medium
he/she is best able to communicate in
● It does not seem important whether or not the artist has an audience to
whom to address his self-expression
1. Art speaks where words are unable to explain - Mathiole
2. An artist can show things that other people are terrified of expressing -
Louise Bourgeois
3. Just draw it the way you see it - Tim Burton

Agono-Binangonan Petroglyphs
● oldest known rock art in the Philippines
● a collection of 127 human and animal-like stick figures engraved on a cave wall
● something historical and has cultural value
● MUSIC, LITERATURE, DANCE, THEATER, AND CINEMA (attain fullness of their
being in front of an audience)

DO PEOPLE IN GENERAL NEED ART?

● Equate with a requirement for everyday survival, NO
● A person can certainly remain alive in an ARTLESS world
● A man is more than a physical being that needs food, clothing, and shelter
● There is also the SPIRITUAL side that yearns for a meaningful life rather than just a
mundane existence

ELEMENTS & PRINCIPLES OF ART

Building Blocks of Art - line, space, value, shape, color, texture, and intensity
● Artists use these elements differently when creating their works #experimentation
= contempo art

WHAT IS CONTEMPORARY ARTS?

● the result of experiments in the creative process
○ result: a very diverse and eclectic range of works that are characterized by a
surprising but sensible combination of materials, methods, and styles that one
cannot simply put a label on
● the lack of a uniform organizing principle, ideology, or -ism is the very essence
contemporary art, which gives expression to different cultural identities, values and
beliefs

INTEGRATED ART - an artistic creation or work that fully uses two or more artistic
disciplines

● Ballet - dance, music, theater

● Graphic Novels- visual arts and literature
● Musical Play - music, dance, literature, theater
CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM THE REGIONS

PERFORMING ARTS
● artists use their voices, and bodies to convey a message or artistic expression; require
performance in front of a public audience
● music, dance, theater

VISUAL ARTS
● gives a way to express feeling, emotion, opinion, or taste through visual means, for
instance, photography, painting, sculpting, and drawing
● primarily created for aesthetic purposes, and judged for their beauty and meaningfulness
● paintings, sculptures, architectures, films

ART PROMOTION AND PRESERVATION

● Executive Order No 118 - Presidential Commission on Culture and Arts
● RA 7356 - National Commission on Culture and Arts
○ country's "overall policy-making body, coordinating and grants-giving agency for
the preservation, development, and promotion of Philippine arts and culture
○ ensures that the interest of the various regions are represented
● Cultural Center of the Philippines
○ the premier venue in the Philippines for culture and the arts
○ responsible for bringing together the different arts from various regions to the
entire country and the whole world
● National Historical Commission of the Philippines
○ created with a vision of "a Filipino society with citizens informed of their history,
who love their country, and who are proud of their cultural heritage
○ identification, conservation, and restoration of historical sites around the
different regions of the country
● National Museum of the Philippines
○ country's repository of archeological artifacts, national treasures, and rare
specimens found and produced in the country
○ solicits, documents, preserves, exhibits, and promotes the natural and artificial
wonders of the Philippines
● National Library of the Philippines
○ 1901 - American Circulating Library
○ has the mandate of serving as a "repository of the printed and recorded cultural
heritage of the country and other intellectual literary and information sources"
and providing "access to these resources for our people's intellectual growth,
citizenship building, lifelong learning, and enlightenment"
■ Proclamation of the Independence of the Filipino people
■ manuscript of the trial of Andres Bonifacio
● National Archives of the Philippines
○ houses over 60 million documents from the 16th to 21st centuries, including 13
million Spanish documents. They also have Japanese war crimes documents and
civil records such as birth, marriage, and death certificates from the Spanish era
until the early 1900s
● Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino
○ R.A. No 7104 - "Congress shall establish a national language commission
composed of representatives of various regions and disciplines for the
 development, propagation, and preservation of Filipino and other Philippine
languages"
○ Talaang Ginto: Makata ng Taon for Filipino poetry
○ Aklat ng Bayan
○ Grants or programs on funding, awards, and projects

ORDER OF NATIONAL ARTISTS TIMELINE

● APRIL 10 1972 - Presidential Proclamation is Made
○ estbalishes a new award “the award and decoration of national artist” to
recognize those contributing to raising Philippine arts and culture to new heights
○ Fernando Amorsolo - pioneering portraitist and painter
● 2009 - Favoritisim Hits
○ four artists were recommended for this honor but the President GMA added three
more names at the last minute, all of whom had not passed the rigorous selection
process; claims of favoritism force the government to pass a law four years later
requiring National Artist recommendations from all advisory bodies and not just
one person
● 2018 - Latest National Artist Awards
○ awards were given to seven artists, but no national artist awards have been
forthcoming ever since because of various issues

ORDER NATIONAL ARTIST AWARD

● The Order of National Artists (Orden ng Gawad Pambansang Alagad ng Sining) is thus
a rank, a title, and a wearable award that represents the highest national recognition
given to Filipinos who have made distinct contributions in the field of arts and letters
● It is jointly administered by the NCCA and the CCP and is conferred by the President of
the Philippines upon recommendation by both institutions

REQUIREMENTS TO BE A NATIONAL ARTIST

● Living artists who are Filipino citizens at the time of nomination and at the awarding, as
well as those who died after the establishment of the award in 1972 but were Filipino
citizens at the time of their death
● Artists who through the content and form of their works have contributed in building a
Filipino sense of nationhood
● Artists who have pioneered a mode of creative expression or style, thus, earning
distinction and making an impact on succeeding generations of artists
● Artists who have created a substantial and significant body of works and/or consistently
displayed excellence in the practice of their art form thus, enriching artistic expression
or style
● Artists who enjoy broad acceptance through:
○ prestigious national and/or international recognition
○ critical acclaim and/or reviews of their works
○ respect and esteem from peers

PRESENTATION OF THE AWARD

● selection and conferment of the National Artists shall take place every three (3) years
● medallion of the Order of National Artist and citation shall be given to the awardee
during the conferment ceremony
○ The cash award of PhP200,000.00 in cheque shall be given immediately after the
ceremony or at another time and place as requested by the awardee
 ● A posthumous conferral consisting of the medallion and citation shall be given to the
family or legal heir/s of the awardee
○ The cash award of PhP150,000.00 in cheque shall be given to the awardees’
legal heir/s or a representative designated by the family immediately after the
ceremony or at another time and place as requested by the family
● The insignia of the Order of the National Artists is composed of a Grand Collar featuring
circular links portraying the arts, and an eight-pointed conventionalized sunburst
suspended from a sampaguita wreath in green and white enamel

NATIONAL ARTISTS FOR LITERATURE

1. FRANCISCO ARCELLANA
1916 - 2002
Year of Conferment: 1990
● one of the pioneers of modern Filipino short story in English
● first short story,”The Man Would Be Poe.”
● “Death in a Factory,” A Clown Remembers,” and “Divided by Two”
2. N.V. M GONZALEZ
1915-1999
Year of Conferment: 1997
● a famed poet, short story writer, essayist, professor, and recipient of numerous
recognition
● received a Rockefeller Foundation Fellowship in 1948
● The winds of April (1941), A Season of Grace (1956), and The Bamboo Dancers
(1988)
● his exemplary works have been published in several languages including
Filipino, English, Chinese, Russian, and Indonesian
3. NICK JOAQUIN - Quijano De Manila
1917-2004
Year of Conferment: 1976
● works are prolific and unparalleled
● The Woman Who Had Two Navels, A Portrait of the Artist as Filipino: An Elegy
in Three Scenes, Almanac for Manilenos, and Cave and Shadows
4. JOSE GARCIA VILLA - Doveglion
1908-1997
Year of Conferment: 1973
● considered as a powerful literary influence in the country in 20th Century
● “gentle as a dove, free as an eagle, and fierce as a lion.”
● Doveglion: Collected Poems, Poems 55, and Poems in Praise of Love: The Best
Love Poems of Jose Garcia Villa
● First collection of short stories was published under the title Footnote to Youth:
Tales of the Philippines and Others in 1933
5. F. SIONIL JOSE
Year of Conferment: 2001
● literary works represent the social underpinnings of class struggles and
colonialism in the society
● The Pretenders, Tree, My Brother, My Executioner, Mass and Po-on
● the founder of the Philippine chapter of the international organization PEN
● awarded the CCP Centennial Honors for the Arts in 1999
6. EDITH L. TIEMPO
Year of Conferment: 1999
 ● a remarkable fusion of style and substance
● a recipient of the Carlos Palanca Memorial for the short story “The Black
Monkey” (1951)
● A Blade of Fern (1978), The Native Coast (1979), and The Alien Corn (1992),
The Tracks of Babylon and Other Poems (1993)
● founded the Silliman University National Writers Workshop in University of Iowa
● Silliman University National Writers Workshop is Asia’s longest running
writer’s workshop held in Dumaguete
7. VIRGILIO S. ALMARIO - Rio Alma
Year of Conferment: 2003
● a Filipino poet and historian
● translated for theater production some of the famous plays of Nick Joaquin
● Makinasyon, Peregrinasyon, Muli, at sa Kandungan ng Lupa
8. AMADO V. HERNANDEZ
1903-1970
Year of Conferment: 1973
● disapproval of social injustices in the country
● writers play a vital role in society acting “as the conscience of society and to
affirm the greatness of the human spirit in the face of inequity and oppression”
● Mga Ibong Mandaragit while in prison
● Bayang Malaya, Isa Dipang Langit, Luha ng Buwaya, at Tudla at Tudling
9. CARLOS P. ROMULO
1898-1985
Year of Conferment: 1982
● The United (a novel), I Walked with Heroes (autobiography), I Saw the Fall of
the Philippines, and I See the Philippines Rise (war-time memoirs)
● an envoy, statesman, soldier, correspondent, and writer
● founder of the Boy Scouts of the Philippines
● Pulitzer Prize awardee in Journalism for a series of articles forecasting the
outbreak of World War II
10. ALEJANDRO R. ROCES
1924-2011
Year of Conferment:2003
● exceptional writer of comic short stories
● My Brother’s Peculiar Chicken”
● a multi-awarded writer, receiving honors and recognition including the Rizal Pro
Patria Award and the Gawad CCP para sa sining
11. LAZARO FRANCISCO
1898-1980
Year of Conferment: 2009
● icoFilipinos have long been creative, and their proof of origin dates way back to
the pre-colonial era. From the significance of status in life measured by the batoks
or the tattoos to the manunggul jar or the burial jar of our natives. The pre-
colonial era of the country was the richest in terms of arts and creativity as
everything was skillfully hand-crafted. As the conquerors renewed our country it
resulted in a new way of living as well. But despite that one thing remained our
fellowmen’s creativity. The country continuously produces prominent artists
some are even considered national heroes who became a representative not only
locally but internationally. Jose Rizal, Juan Luna, Francisco Balagtas, Fernando
Amorsolo, and more. Sequentially art now does not only hold heritage but also
 serves as the fulfillment of dreams by many young Filipino artists. They use it as
a flatform to voice out and take part in making change, making us Filipinos one of
the races who leads in a transformative future.
● n in Tagalog writing through his nationalist and social criticism
● Binhi at Bunga, Ama Bayang nagpatiwakal, at Bago Lumubog ang Araw
● 1979, the Ateneo de Manila University awarded Francisco the Tanglaw ng Lahi
Award for his works
12. BIENVENIDO LUMBERA
Year of Conferment: 2006
● an award-winning poet and scholar
● Likhang Dila, Likhang Diwa (1993), Sa Sariling Bayan: Apat na Dulang May
Musika (2004), and Agunyas sa Hacienda Luisita
● his scholarly work in the field of literary history and criticism are foundational
texts in Philippine colleges and universities
13. CIRILO F. BAUTISTA
Year of Conferment: 2014
● highly praised poet, fictionist, and essayist
● Palanca Hall of Famer, winning countless awards and honors, including the
National Book Awards and Gawad CCP para sa Sining
● The Trilogy of Saint Lazarus (2001); Believe and Betray: New and Collected
Poems (2006)