(An Autonomous Institution, Affiliated to Anna University, Chennai)

MATHEMATICS (S&H)
I - Semester
MA3101 Matrices and Calculus
(B.E/B.Tech – Common to all Programs)
(Regulations 2022)
Course Objectives:
1. To develop the use of matrix algebra techniques that is needed by engineers for practical applications.
2. To introduce the concept of ordinary differential equations in engineering problems.
3. To familiarize the student with functions of several variables. This is required in many branches of
engineering.
4. To acquire the knowledge of evaluating multiple integrals and their applications.
5. To acquire the knowledge of vector calculus needed for problems in all engineering disciplines.
Course Outcomes:
At the end of course the students can able to

RBT
CO Statement
Level

C101.1  Recalling the matrix algebra methods for solving the practical problems. L1,L2

C101.2  Apply various techniques in solving ordinary differential equations. L1, L3

C101.3  Apply the differential calculus ideas on several functions. L1, L3

 Apply the multiple integral ideas in solving areas, volumes and other practical
C101.4 L1, L3
problems.
 Understand the Gradient, divergence and curl of a vector point function and
C101.5 L2,L3
related identities.

Q. Unit - I (Matrices) RBT

No. Part - A
Properties of Eigen Values and Eigen Vector
8 −6 2
1. If 3 and 15 are two Eigen values of the matrix 𝐴 = −6 7 −4) then find its third
( L2
2 −4 3
Eigen value and hence find|𝐴|.
2. 1 L1
If 𝜆 is an Eigen value of a matrix A, then , (𝜆 ≠ 0) is the Eigen value of 𝐴−1 .
𝜆
3. Prove that any square matrix A and its transpose have the same Eigen values. L1
6 −2 2
4. The product of two Eigen values of the matrix 𝐴 = (−2 3 −1) is 16. Find the third L2
2 −1 3
Eigen value.
 5. 1 4 L1
If 𝐴 = ( ) then find 2𝐴2 − 8𝐴 − 10𝐼 where I is the unit matrix
2 3
1 1 3
6. If 3 and 6 are two Eigen values of 𝐴 = (1 5 1) write down all values of 𝐴−1 . L1
3 1 1
7. If 2, −1, −3 are the Eigen values of the matrix 𝐴 then find the Eigen values of the matrix L2
𝐴2 − 2𝐼
2 0 1
8. If 2 and 3 are the Eigen values of 𝐴 = (0 2 0). Find the value of 𝑎. L1
𝑎 0 2
9. If the Eigen values of 𝐴 of order 3 𝑋 3 are 2, 3 and 1 then find the Eigevalues of adjoint L3
of 𝐴.
Cayley Hamilton Theorem
10. State Cayley Hamilton Theorem. L1
11. 1 2 L1
Use Cayley Hamilton theorem to find 𝐴4 − 4𝐴3 − 5𝐴2 + 𝐴 + 2𝐼 when 𝐴 = ( ).
4 3
Reduce the Quadratic form into Canonical Form
12. Write the matrix of the quadratic form 2𝑥 2 + 8𝑧 2 + 4𝑥𝑦 + 10𝑥𝑧 − 2𝑦𝑧. L1

13. Discuss the nature of the following quadratic form 3𝑥12 + 3𝑥22 − 5𝑥32 − 2𝑥1 𝑥2 − 6𝑥2 𝑥3 − L1
6𝑥3 𝑥1 .
0 5 −1 L1
14. Write down the quadratic form corresponding to the matrix 𝐴 = ( 5 1 6 )
−1 6 2
−1 0 0 L1
15. Write down the nature of a quadratic form whose matrix is 𝐴 = ( 0 −1 0 )
0 0 −2
1 0 L3
16. Can 𝐴 = ( ) be diagonalized? Why?
0 1
17. Find the index signature of the quadratic form 𝑥12 + 2𝑥22 − 3𝑥32 L2
Discuss the nature of the quadratic form 2𝑥 2 + 3𝑦 2 + 2𝑧 2 + 2𝑥𝑦 without reducing them
18. L2
to Canonical form
19. Find the index signature of the quadratic form 𝑥12 + 5𝑥22 + 𝑥32 + 2𝑥2 𝑥3 + 6𝑥3 𝑥1 + 2𝑥1 𝑥2. L2
1 2 3
20. Write down the quadratic form corresponding to the matrix 𝐴 = (2 −2 −4) L1
3 −4 −3

Q. Unit - I (Matrices) Mark RBT

No. Part - B
Eigen Values and Eigen Vector

1. Find the Eigen values and Eigenvectors of the matrix

11 −4 −7
𝐴 = ( 7 −2 −5) 8 L1
10 −4 −6
2. Find the Eigen values and Eigenvectors of the matrix
1 0 −1 8 L1
𝐴 = (1 2 1 )
2 2 3
3. Find the Eigen values and Eigenvectors of the matrix
−2 2 3
𝐴=( 2 1 −6) 8 L1
−1 −2 0

4. Find the Eigen values and Eigenvectors of the matrix

6 −6 5
𝐴 = (14 −13 10) 8 L1
7 −6 4

5. Find the Eigen values and Eigenvectors of the matrix

7 −2 0
𝐴 = (−2 6 −2) 8 L1
0 −2 5

6. Find the Eigen values and Eigenvectors of the matrix

8 −6 2 8 L1
𝐴 = (−6 7 −4)
2 −4 3
7. Find the Eigen values and Eigenvectors of the matrix
6 −2 2
8 L1
𝐴 = (−2 3 −1)
2 −1 3
8. The Eigen vectors of a 3 𝑋 3 real symmetric matrix A corresponding to eigen
values 1, 3 and 3 are (1 0 −1)𝑇 , (1 0 1)𝑇 and (0 1 0)𝑇 respectively. 8 L2
Find the matrix A by an orthogonal transformation.
Cayley Hamilton Theorem
9. Using Cayley-Hamilton theorem find 𝐴4 and 𝐴−1 , if
1 1 3
8 L1
𝐴=( 1 3 −3)
−2 −4 −4
10. Using Cayley-Hamilton theorem find 𝐴4 and 𝐴−1 , if
1 2 3 8 L1
𝐴 = (2 4 5)
3 5 6
11. Using Cayley-Hamilton theorem find 𝐴4 and 𝐴−1 , if
1 2 3 8 L1
𝐴 = (2 −1 4 )
3 1 −1
12. Verify Cayley-Hamilton theorem find 𝐴4 and 𝐴−1 , if
2 −1 2 8 L1
𝐴 = (−1 2 −1)
1 −1 2
13. 1 0 3
Show that 𝐴 = (2 1 −1) satisfies its own characteristic equation and hence 8 L1
1 −1 1
find A-1 and A4.
14. Use Cayley Hamilton theorem to find the value of the matrix given by (i) 𝐴8 −
5𝐴7 + 7𝐴6 − 3𝐴5 + 𝐴4 − 5𝐴3 + 8𝐴2 − 2𝐴 + 𝐼
2 1 1 8 L1
8 7 6 5 4 3 2
(ii) 𝐴 − 5𝐴 + 7𝐴 − 3𝐴 + 8𝐴 − 5𝐴 + 8𝐴 − 2𝐴 + 𝐼 if 𝐴 = (0 1 0)
1 1 2
Reduce the Quadratic form into Canonical Form
15. Reduce the quadratic form 6𝑥1 2 + 3𝑥2 2 + 3𝑥3 2 − 4𝑥1 𝑥2 + 4𝑥1 𝑥3 − 2𝑥2 𝑥3 to
canonical form through an orthogonal transformation and find its nature, rank and 16 L2
signature.
16. Reduce the quadratic form 𝑥1 2 + 5𝑥2 2 + 𝑥3 2 + 2𝑥1 𝑥2 + 6𝑥1 𝑥3 + 2𝑥2 𝑥3 to
canonical form through an orthogonal transformation and find its nature, rank and 16 L2
signature.
17. Reduce the quadratic form 𝑥 2 + 2𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 − 2𝑥𝑦 + 2𝑦𝑧 to canonical form through
16 L2
an orthogonal transformation and find its nature, rank and signature.
18. Find the Canonical form of the quadratic form 2𝑥12 + 𝑥22 + 𝑥32 + 2𝑥1 𝑥2 − 2𝑥1 𝑥3 −
16 L2
4𝑥2 𝑥3
19. Reduce the quadratic form 10𝑥1 2 + 2𝑥2 2 + 5𝑥3 2 − 4𝑥1 𝑥2 − 10𝑥1 𝑥3 + 6𝑥2 𝑥3 to
canonical form through an orthogonal transformation and find its nature, rank and 16 L2
signature.
Applications: Stretching of an elastic membrane– Capacitor– Microphone–Networks and Graphs –
Communications Coding Theory.
20. An elastic membrane in the 𝑥1 𝑥2 -plane with boundary circle 𝑥12 + 𝑥22 = 1 is
stretched so that a point 𝑃: (𝑥1 , 𝑥2 )goes over into the point 𝑄: (𝑦1 , 𝑦2 ) given by in
components 𝑦1 = 5𝑥1 + 3𝑥2 and 𝑦2 = 3𝑥1 + 5𝑥2 . Find the principal directions,
16 L3
that is, the directions of the position vector 𝑥 of 𝑃 for which the direction of the
position vector 𝑦 of 𝑄 is the same or exactly opposite. What shape does the
boundary circle take under this deformation?