Scribd
Upload
10 views

Microprocessor and Microcontroller (MPMC)

The document is a learning sheet for microprocessors, covering key concepts, architectures, and instruction sets for various microprocessors including 8085, 8086, and 8051. It provides insights into advanced microcontrollers like PIC and ARM, along with tips and tricks for programming and memory calculations. The content is organized into units that summarize foundational knowledge, architecture, and practical applications in microprocessor technology.

Uploaded by

eswarramkumar68
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
10 views

Microprocessor and Microcontroller (MPMC)

The document is a learning sheet for microprocessors, covering key concepts, architectures, and instruction sets for various microprocessors including 8085, 8086, and 8051. It provides insights into advanced microcontrollers like PIC and ARM, along with tips and tricks for programming and memory calculations. The content is organized into units that summarize foundational knowledge, architecture, and practical applications in microprocessor technology.

Uploaded by

eswarramkumar68
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

MPMC

Learning Sheet for MPMC

Unit 1: Introduction to Microprocessors


-​ Basics: A microprocessor is a CPU on a single chip. It fetches, decodes, and
executes instructions.
-​ Important Terms:
-​ Opcode: Operation to perform.
-​ Operand: Data or address.
-​ Instruction Cycle: Fetch → Decode → Execute.
-​ Types of Microprocessors:
-​ CISC (Complex Instruction Set Computing): More instructions, slower
execution (e.g., Intel 8085).
-​ RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computing): Fewer instructions, faster
execution (e.g., ARM).

Unit 2: 8085 Microprocessor


-​ Architecture:
-​ 8-bit processor with 16-bit address bus.
-​ Registers: Accumulator, B, C, D, E, H, L.
-​ Flags: Zero (Z), Sign (S), Carry (CY), Parity (P), Auxiliary Carry (AC).
-​ Instruction Types:
1.​ Data Transfer: MOV, MVI, LDA.
2.​ Arithmetic: ADD, SUB, INR.
3.​ Logical: ANA, XRA, ORA.
4.​ Branching: JMP, CALL, RET.
5.​ Control: NOP, HLT.
-​ Timing Diagrams: Show the time sequence of instruction execution.

Unit 3: 8086 Microprocessor


-​ Architecture:
-​ 16-bit processor with 20-bit address bus.
-​ Segmented memory: Code, Data, Stack, Extra.
-​ Registers: General-purpose, Segment, Pointer, Index.
-​ Instruction Set:
-​ Data Transfer: MOV, LEA.
-​ Arithmetic/Logic: ADD, MUL, AND, OR.
-​ Control Transfer: JMP, LOOP, CALL.
-​ Addressing Modes:
-​ Immediate, Direct, Indirect, Indexed.
-​ Pipelining: Overlapping instruction execution stages.

Unit 4: Microcontroller 8051


-​ Overview:
-​ 8-bit microcontroller with 4KB ROM, 128B RAM.
-​ I/O ports: 4.
-​ Timers: Timer 0, Timer 1.
-​ Serial Communication: SBUF, SCON.
-​ Special Function Registers (SFRs): IE, IP, TMOD.
-​ Programming:
-​ Timer/Counter configuration.
-​ Interrupts: External, Timer, Serial.

Unit 5: Advanced Microcontrollers


-​ PIC Microcontroller:
-​ Features: RISC architecture, peripheral interfacing.
-​ Registers: WREG, STATUS, FSR.
-​ ARM Processors:
-​ Features: High-speed RISC, thumb instructions.
-​ Instruction Set: Load/store, arithmetic, branching.

Formula Sheet
Concept Formula/Key Idea

8085 Memory

8086 Physical Address

Timer Frequency (8051)

Baud Rate (Serial)

Execution Time
Short Notes and Tips

8085 Tips:
1.​ Instruction Size:
-​ 1-byte: MOV A, B.
-​ 2-byte: MVI A, 45H.
-​ 3-byte: JMP 2050H.
2.​ Always initialize the stack before using CALL or RET.

8086 Tips:
1.​ Use segment registers efficiently for large programs.
2.​ For speed, minimize external memory access.

8051 Tips:
1.​ Keep track of timer modes (Mode 0, 1, 2, 3).
2.​ Use interrupts wisely for multitasking.

Important Content in Tabular Form


Unit Key Topic Highlights

Unit 1 Microprocessor Basics Opcode, operand,


instruction cycle.

Unit 2 8085 Microprocessor Registers, flags, instruction


types, timing diagram.

Unit 3 8086 Microprocessor Addressing modes,


pipelining, memory
segmentation.

Unit 4 8051 Microcontroller I/O ports, timers, interrupts,


SFRs.

Unit 5 Advanced Microcontrollers PIC, ARM architecture and


instruction sets.

Unit-wise Summary

Unit 1: Introduction to Microprocessors


-​ Foundation concepts of how microprocessors work, with emphasis on instruction
execution.
Unit 2: 8085 Microprocessor
-​ Focus on architecture and instruction set of an 8-bit processor.

Unit 3: 8086 Microprocessor


-​ Advanced topics such as 16-bit data handling, memory segmentation, and
addressing modes.

Unit 4: 8051 Microcontroller


-​ Embedded system basics with programming examples.

Unit 5: Advanced Microcontrollers


-​ Comparison of PIC and ARM for specialized applications.

Shortcuts and Tricks


1.​ Quick Instruction Type Identification:

-​ If it involves memory: Likely Data Transfer.


-​ If it modifies flags: Likely Arithmetic or Logical.

2.​ Memory Calculation:

-​ For 8085: Check total address lines → .


-​ For 8086: .

3.​ Baud Rate in 8051:

-​ Use oscillator frequency (commonly 11.0592 MHz) and the formula directly.

Let me know if you'd like me to expand on any specific part of this sheet!

You might also like