Class-VII

RS Aggarwal Solutions
Chapter 7: Linear Equations in One Variable
Exercise 7B

Question 1: Twice a number when decreased by 7 gives 45. Find the number.

Solution: Let the required number be x

Then,
2x-7 = 45

’ 2x=45 +7
’ 2x = 52

52
X*2
X= 26

: The required number is 26

Question 2: Thrice a number when increased by 5 gives 44. Find the number.

Solution: Let the required number be x

Then,
3x + 5 = 44

’ 3x = 44 -5
’ 3x = 39

39

X= 13

: The required number is 13.

26
Question 3: Four added to twice a number yieldsFind the fraction.

Solution: Let the required fraction be x

Then,
26
2x + 4 =

26
 26 - 20
’ 2x =
5
6
’ 2x=
6

3
: The required number is

Question 4:A number when added to its half gives 72. Find the number.

Solution: Let the required number be x

Then,

2 +x=72
"=72
2
’ 3x = 72 x 2

’3x = 144
144
’X=*
3
X= 48
: The required number is 48.
Question 5: Anumber added to its two-thirds is equal to 55. Find the number.

Solution: Let the required number bex

2
Two third of the number =

*t*=55
2x +3x
55
3
’ 5x = 55 x 3
55 x 3
5
’X= 11 x 3

’X=33

:: The required number is 33.

Question 6: A number when multiplied by 4, exceeds itself by 45. Find the number.

Solution: Let the required number bex

Then,
4x = x+ 45
’ 4x-x= 45
’ 3x = 45
’X= 15

: The required number is 15.

Question 7: Anumber is as much greater than 21 as it is less than 71. Find the number.

Solution: Let the required number be x

Then,
x- 21 =71-x
’X+X=71 + 21
’ 2x = 92
X= 46
: The required number is 46.

2
Question 8: ofa number is less than the original number by 20. Find the number.

Solution: Let the original number bex

2 2
of the number =5X
Then,
2
*-zX=20
3x- 22x
= 20
3
=20 x3
’X= 60

: The original number is 60.

Question 9: A number is 5 times, another number. If their sum is 70, find the numbers.
Solution: Let the second number be x
2
Then the first number =zx
2

5x + 2x
5
-= 70

’ 7x= 70 x 5
70 x 5
7
’X=10 x 5
’X= 50
2 2
: First number FX=X 50 = 2 x 10 = 20
Second number =x=50
Hence, the number are 20 and 50.

Question 10: Two-thirds of a number is greater than one-third of the number by 3. Find
the number.

Solution: Let the required number be x

:. Two third of the number=
1
and one third of the number =x

Then,
2 1
*=*+3
2
*g*-=3
2x - x

’X=3 x3
’X=9

:The required number is 9.

Question 11: The fifth part of a number when increased by 5 equals its fourth part
decreased by 5. Find the number.

Solution: Let the required number be x

Fifth part of the number
5

Fourth part of the number = 4

Then,
5+5=-s
5 -4=-5-5
4x- 5x
=-10
20
’-X=-10 × 20
’X= 200
: The required number is 200.

Question 12: Find two consecutive natural numbers whose sum is 63.

Solution: Let twO consecutive natural number be and x +1

Then,
x+x+1=63
’ 2x = 63 -1
’ 2x = 62
’X=31
:: The required numbers are 31 and 32 i. e.,31 +1.

Question 13: Find two consecutive positive odd integers whose sum is 76.

Solution: Let the two consecutive odd integers whose sum is 76 be x and (x+ 2)
x+x 2 = 76

’ 2x +2=76
’ 2x = 76- 2
’ 2x = 74

X=37

:: The required numbers are 37 and (37 + 2) = 39

Question 14: Find three consecutive positive even integers whose sum is 90.

Solution: Let first positive even number = x

Second number =x+ 2
Third number = x +4
x+x+2+x+4 =90
3x +6= 90
’3x = 90-6
’3x = 84
84

’X= 28

First even number = x = 28

Second number =x+2= 28+ 2 =30

Third number =x +4=30+2 =32
Required numbers are 28, 30, 32

Question 15: Divide 184 into two parts such that one-third of one of part may exceed
one- seventh of the other part by 8.

Solution: Sum of two numbers = 184

Let first part = x
Then second part =184 - x
Then,
1 1
3*=(184-*) +8
184
3*7+8
184
at:
77 +8

7x+3x 184 + 56
21 7
10x 240
217
 240 21
10
’X=24 ×3
X=72

: First part =x =72

Second part =184- x= 184 - 72 = 112
Hence, the two parts are 72 and 112

Question 16: Asum of . 500 is in the form of denominations of . 5 and . 10. If the
total number of notes is 90. Find the number of notes of each type.

Solution: Let the number of five rupee notes be x.

Then, the number of ten rupee notes will be (90-x).
According to the question,
we have:
5x+ 10(90 - x) =500
’ 5x+ 900- 10x = 500
’-5X=-400
X= 80
:: Number of 5rupees notes = x=80
Number of ten rupees notes = (90- x) =90 - 80 = 10
Hence, there are 80 five rupee notes and 10 ten rupee notes.

Question 17: Sumitra has 34 in 50 paise and 25 paise coins. If the numbers of 25 paisa
coins is twice the number of 50 paisa coins, how many coins of each kind does she
have?

Solution: Let the numbers of 50 paise coins and 25 paise coins be x and 2x respectively.
Then, we have:
50x + 25 x 2x = 3400 {34 =34 X 100 = 3400 paise}
50x +50x = 3400
’ 100x=3400
3400
100
’X= 34

: Number of 50 paise coins =x=34

and number of 25 paise coins = 2 x 34 = 68

Question 18: Raju is 19 years younger than his cousin. After 5 years, their ages will be
in the ratio 2:3. Find their present ages.

Solution: Let present age of Raju'scousin=xyears

then age of Raju = (x- 19) years
After 5 years,
Raju's age= x- 19 +5 = (x- 14) years
and his cousin age=x+5
According to the question,we have
(x-14) : (x +5) =2:3
X-14 2
x+5 3
’3(x- 14) = 2 (x+ 5) (By cross multiplication)
’ 3x- 42 = 2x + 10
’ 3x- 2x = 10+ 42
’X=52

:. Raju's present age =x- 19 =52-19=33 years

Age of Raju's cousin=52years.

Question 19: A father is 30 years older than his son. In 12 years the man will be three
times as old as his son. Find their present ages.

Solution: Let present age of son be x years

: Present age of father = (x + 30) years
12 years after,
Father's age = x + 30 + 12=(x+ 42) years
and son's age = (x + 12)years

According to the question, we have

(x+ 42) =3(x + 12)
’X+42 = 3x +36
3x + 36 = x + 42
3x-x=42 36
’ 2x =6
’X=3
: Son's present age = 3 years
Father's present age = 3 +30 = 33 years

Question 20: The ages of Sonal and Manoj are in the ratio 7:5 Ten years hence, the
ratio of their ages will be 9:7. Find their present ages.

Solution: Ratio in present ages of Sonal and Manoj = 7:5

Let Sonal's age be 7x
then Manoj's age = 5x
10 years hence,
Sonal's age will be = 7x + 10
and Manoj's age = 5x + 10

According to the question, we have

7x + 10 9
5x + 10 7

’7(7x + 10) = 9(5x + 10)

’ 49x +70 = 45x+90
’ 49x 45x = 90 - 70
’ 4x = 20

’X=5

Sonal's present age =7x =7x5=35 years

and Manoj's age = 5x = 5 x 5= 25 years

Question 21: Five years agoa man was seven times as old as his son. Five years hence,
the father will be three times as old as his son. Find their present ages.

Solution: Five years ago,

Let Son's age = X years
and father's age =7x years
Let present age of son = (+ 5) years
and age of father =(7x+ 5) years
Now, 5 years later,
father's age =7x +5+5= 7x+ 10
and Son's age = x +5+5=X+10
Now, we have
(7x + 10) = 3(* + 10)
’7x+ 10 = 3x+30

’7x-3x = 30 - 10
’ 4x = 20

X=5

Father present age =7x +5 =7x5+5=35 +5=40years

and son's age =x +5=5+5=10 years

Question 22: After 12 years Manoj will be 3 times as old as he was 4 years ago. Find his
present age.

Solution: Let the present age of Manojbe x years

4 years ago his age will be (*-4) years
After 12 years his age will be = x+ 12

According to the question, we have

x+ 12 = 3(x 4)
’X+12 = 3x - 12
’ 12 + 12 = 3x-X
’ 24 = 2x

24
2

’X=12

His present age =12 years

Question 23: In an examination, a student requires 40% of the total marks to pass. If
Rupa gets 185 marks and fails by 15 marks, find the total marks.

Solution: Let total marks bex

Pass marks = 40% of x
No.of marks got by Rupa = 185
No.of marks by which she failed = 15
: Pass marks = 185 + 15= 200
According to the question, we have
40% ofx=200
40
DX200
100
2
zX= 200
5
X=200 X
’X=100 x 5

’X= 500

Hence total marks = 500

Question 24: A number consists of two digits whose sum is 8. If 18 is added to the
number its digits are reversed. Find the number.

Solution: Let units digit = x

Sum of digits = 8
Then tens digit = 8-x
: The number will be x + 10(8- x)
By adding 18, the digits are reversed then
units digit =8-x
and tens digit = x
: The number = (8- x) + 10x

According to the condition,

(8- x)+ 10x = 18+ x + 10(8 - x)
’ 8 - x + 10x = 18 + x +80 - 10x
’ 10x -X-x+ 10x = 18+ 80-8
’ 18x = 90
X=5

: Required number=x+ 10(8 -x)

=5+ 10 (8- 5)
=5+ 10 ×3

=5+30
 =35

Question 25: The total cost of 3tables and 2 chairs is 1850. If a table costs 75 more
than a chair, find the price of each.

Solution: Let cost of chair be x

Cost of 3 tables and 2 chairs = 1850
Cost of table =75 + cost of achair
then Cost of table =75 +x

According to the condition,

3(75 + x) + 2x = 1850
’ 225 + 3x + 2x = 1850

225 +5x = 1850

’ 5x = 1850 225
’ 5x = 1625
’X=325

: Cost of chair = R 325

and cost of table =325 + 75=*400

Question 26: A man sold an article for 495 and gained 10% on it. Find the cost price of
the article.

Solution: Let cost price (CP) of thearticle be x

gain = 10%
S.P of article = 495
Now, we know that
CP × (100 + gain%)
S. P
100
x x (100+ 10)
’ 495
100
110
’ 495 =
100^
100
’X=495 X
110
 10
X=495 X11
’X=45 ×10
’X=450
: Cost price of the article is 450.

Question 27: The length of a rectangular field is twice its breadth. If the perimeter of
the field is 150metres, find its length and breadth.

Solution: Let the length and breadth of the rectangular field be lm and b m, respectively.
According to the question, we have
Perimeter of field=150 m
2(l + b) = 150
150
l+b=
2
’l+b=75 ...()
Given that l= 2b
Putting l= 2b in (i), we have:
2b + b =75
3b = 75
b=25

: Length, l= 2b = 2 × 25 = 50 m
and breadth (b) = 25 m

Question 28: Two equal sides of a triangle are each 5 metres less than twice the third
side. If the perimeter of the triangle is 55 metres, find the lengths of its sides.

Solution: Let the third side of an isosceles triangle be x

Then its each equal side = (2x-5) m
Perimeter of an isosceles triangle = 55 m
According to the question,
x+2 (2x 5) = 55
X+4x- 10 =55
’ 5x = 55 + 10
’ 5x = 65
’X= 13

:Length of the third side=13 m

And length of theother two equal sides = (2 x 13) 5 = 21 m
Sides will be 13m, 21m, 21m

Question 29: Two complementary angles differ by 8°. Find the angles.

Solution: Sum of two complementary angles = 90°

Let the complementary angles be x° and (90 x)°
x- (90 --x) =8
X-90+ x =8
’ 2x = 8+90
’ 2x = 98

’X= 49

: The measures of the complementary angles are 49° and (90-49)° = 41°.

Question 30: Two supplementary angles differ by 44°. Find the angles.

Solution: Sum of two supplementary angles = 180°

Let the supplementary angles be x and (180 - x)°
According to the question,
x- (180- x)° = 44°
X- 180°+X= 440

’ 2x 44° +180°
’ 2x = 224°
224°
’X=: 2
’X=1120

:The measures of the supplementary angles are 112° and (180 - 112)° = 68°.

Question 31: In an isosceles triangle the base angles are equal and the vertex angle is
twice of each base angle. Find the measures of the angles of the triangle.

Solution: Let the base angles of the isosceles triangle be x° each.

Then, the measure the vertex angle will be (2x)°

According to the question, we have

x+x+2x= 180° (sum of angles of a triangle)
’ 4x = 180°
180°
4
’X= 45°

: Each base angle measures 45° and the vertex angle measures (2 x 45)°, i.e., 90°.
Angles of the triangle are 45°, 45° and 90°

3 1 1
Question 32: Aman travelled 5
of his journey by rail, 4
by a taxi, by a bus and
the remaining 2 km on foot. What is the length of his total journey?

Solution: Let length of total journey be x km

According to the question, we have
3 1 1
F+7*tg*+2=x
24x + 10x + 5x + 80
40
39x + 80 = 40x
40x -39x = 80
’X= 80

: The length of his total journey is 80 km.

Question 33: A labour is engaged for 20 days on the condition that he will receive . 120
for each day he works and will be fined . 10 for each day he is absent. If he
receives . 1880 in all, for how many days did he remain absent?

Solution: Let x be the number of days of his absence.

: Number of days of his presence = (20--x)
Now, (20- x)120- 10x = 1880
’ 2400 -120x-10x = 1880
’ 2400- 1880 = 130x

’ 130x= 520
520
130
’X=4

:Number of days of his absence = 4

Question 34: Hari Babu left one-third of his property to his son, one-fourth to his
daughter and the remainder to his wife. If his wife's share is 18000, what was the
worth of his total property?

Hint: Let the worth of the whole property be x

Then,, ,+ 18000 =x. Find x.
4

Solution: Let the worth of Hari Babu's property be Ix.

According to the question, we have:
1
Son's share =X
1
Daughter's share =*
Wife's share
It is given that his wife's share is 18000.
i.e. ,x = 18000

|=18000
7x
= 18000
’X12
12x - 7x
= 18000
12
5x
= 18000
T12
12
’X=18000 >X

’X= 3600 x 12
’X= 43200

: Hari Babu's total property is worth R43200.

Question 35: How much pure alcohol must be added to 400 mL of a 15% solution to
make its strength 32%?

Solution: Let the volume of the pure alcohol be x ml.

Initial concentration = 15%
15
So, initial amount of alcohol in the solution will be = X 400 = 60 ml
100
To make the strength of the solution 32%, we will keep the amount of water constant
and add x volume of pure alcohol.
On adding pure alcohol, the volume of the solution increases to 400 + x.

According to the question, we have:

(400 +x) × 32% = x+ 60
32
(400 +x) x 100 X+60

’32(400 + x) = 100(x + 60)

’ 12800 + 32x= 100x + 6000
’ 12800 6000 = 100x 32x
’ 6800 = 68x
6800
68
’X=100

So, the amount of pure alcohol to be added = 100 mL.