Physics Revision Guide

I. Multiple Choice Question: Each carry one Mark [Total: 20 M]

1. Two objects P and Q are placed in beaker containing a liquid. [ ]

Object P floats in the liquid and object Q sinks.

Which row for the densities of object P, object Q and the liquid is possible?

Ans. D

2. A ball of mass 0.12 kg is hit by a tennis player. [ ]

The velocity of the ball changes from 0 m/s to 5.0 m/s in 0.60s.

What is the average resultant force acting on the ball while it is being hit?

A 1.0 N B 2.5 N C 3.6 N D 8.3 N

Ans. A

3. Velocity – Time graphs Characteristics. [ ]

Ans. D

4. Two blocks of metal X and Y hang from spring balances, as shown in the diagrams.

What does the diagram show about X and Y? [ ]

A They have the same mass and the same volume but different weights.

B They have the same mass and the same weight but different volumes.

C They have the same mass, the same volume and the same weight.

D They have the same weight and the same volume but different masses.

Ans. B

5. A car travels along a straight road. The speed-time graph for this journey is shown.

During which labelled part of the journey is the resultant force on the car zero? [ ]
 Ans. B

6. An object of mass 50 kg accelerates from a velocity of 2.0 m/s to a velocity of 10 m/s in the
same direction. What is the impulse provided to cause this acceleration? [ ]

A 250 Ns B 400 Ns C 850 Ns D 2500 Ns

7. Estimate the speed with which human hair grows. I have my hair cut every two months and
the barber cuts a length of about 2 cm. The speed is therefore. [ ]

(A) 3.85 x 10-3 m/s (B) 4 x 10-9 m/s (C) 4 x 10-9 cm/s (D) None of these

Ans. B

2.0 kg mass has 300 J of kinetic energy. What is the speed of the mass? [ ]

A. 8.7m/s B. 12m/s C. 17m/s D. 24m/s

A beam on a pivot supports a load P at one end and a load Q at the other end.

The weight of the beam can be ignored. [ ]

The beam is balanced. Which row gives possible values for P and for Q?
An object of mass 0.16 kg is moving forwards at a speed of 0.50 m/s. [ ]

A second object of mass 0.10 kg is at rest. The first object strikes the second object.

After the collision, the second object moves forwards at a speed of 0.50 m/s.

What is the speed of the first object after the collision?

A 0.0 m/s B 0.19 m/s C 0.31 m/s D 0.50 m/s

 A hole is made in a square tile of uniform thickness. The diagram shows the tile hanging
loosely on a nail. Where is the centre of gravity of the tile? [ ]

Ans. D
 A force F moves a load from the bottom of a slope to the top.

The work done by the force depends on the size of the force and on a distance.

What is this distance? [ ]

Ap Bq Cr D p+q
Ans. C
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Which quantities are measured in the same unit? [ ]

A energy, power and work

B energy and power, but not work

C energy and work, but not power

D power and work, but not energy

Ans C

A ball is at rest at the top of a hill. A ball is at rest at the top of a hill. [ ]

At the bottom of the hill the ball hits a wall and stops. Which energy changes occur?
 Ans. B

` A child slides down a slide. [ ]

The weight of the child is 250N. The height of the slide is 7.0m. The work done against friction as
the child travels down the slide is 1300J.

What is the change in gravitational potential energy and what is the final kinetic energy of the
child?

A car moves along a level road at constant speed. Work is done by the engine and power is
developed by the engine. [ ]
Which pair of graphs shows how the work done and the power developed vary with time?

Ans. A

(B) Which statement describes monochromatic light? [ ]

A light that never diffracts

B light that has a single frequency

C light that spreads out when shine through a glass prism

D light that travels at the same speed in all materials

Ans. B

(C) A ray of light is shown onto the surface of a mirror. [ ]

Ans C

An object is placed 8.0 cm from a thin converging lens of focal length 5.0 cm. [ ]

Which statement about the image formed by the lens is correct?

A The image is real and inverted.

B The image is real and upright.

C The image is virtual and inverted.

D The image is virtual and upright.

ANS. A

(D) A composite block is made by joining together three transparent materials. The diagram
shows a ray of light passing through the composite block.
[ ]

Ans. C
 (E) A ray of light travels from air into a material, as shown. [
]

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II. Answer the following questions [Total: 60 M]

1. Figure – 1(a) shows a distance-time graph for a cyclist.
 Figure-1(a)

(a) (i) Determine the distance travelled by the cyclist between time = 0 and time = 100s.

distance travelled = …………..…… m [1]

(ii) Calculate the speed of the cyclist between time = 0 and time = 100s

speed = …………………… m/s [1]

(iii) Describe the motion of the cyclist between time =100s and time = 250s

…………………………………………………………………………………………………
 …………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]

(b) Figure-1(b) shows the cyclist riding along a long straight road.

Figure-1(b)

The speed of the cyclist is 15 m/s. Determine the velocity of the cyclist.

Velocity = …………………… m/s [1]

direction ……………………. [1]

[Total: 6]

2. The mass of a solid metal cylinder is 400g and its volume is 52 cm3.
(a) Calculate the density of the metal. Include the unit.

density = ………………….…… [3]

(b) The cylinder is falling at constant speed through the air. Figure-2(a) shows the vertical forces
acting on the cylinder.

Figure – 2 (a) [Not to Scale]

On Figure – 1(a), write the name and the size of the upward force on the cylinder [2]

(c) The student balances a beam on a pivot. On the beam, he positions the cylinder and a block
so that the beam remains balanced. The arrangement is shown in Figure-1(b).

Figure-2(b) [Not to scale]

Calculate the weight of the block.

 Weight of block = ……………………… N [4]

[Total: 9]

3. A spring S is suspended from a clamp stand in a school laboratory.

A student hangs various masses from the end of S and determines the extension x produced
by each mass.
(a) Calculate the weight of a 250 g mass.

weight = ………………………… [2]

(b) The student plots a graph of the force F applied to the spring against the extension x.
Figure-3 (a) is the student’s graph.
 Figure-3 (a)

At point P on the graph, the line begins to curve.

(i) State the name given to point P.

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(ii) Use the section of the graph where spring S obeys Hooke’s law (F=kx) to determine the
spring constant ‘k’ of the spring.

k = ……………………………….. [2]

(c) Figure – 1(b) shows a mass of 0.12 kg resting on the bottom of a box.
 Figure-3 (b)

A spring that is identical to S connects the mass and one side of the box. Ignore friction
between the mass and the box.
(i) The box and the mass are at rest.
State the resultant force acting on the mass.

Force = ………………………………. [1]

(ii) The box is firmly attached, in a horizontal position, to the body of a racing car.
As the car accelerates the spring stretches by 2.0 cm.

1. Using Figure – 3(b), determine the tension in the spring.

Tension = ……………………….. [1]

2. Calculate the acceleration of the mass produced by this tension.

 Acceleration = …………………… [2]

[Total: 9]

4. Figure – 4(a) shows the descent of a sky-diver from a stationary balloon.

 Figure – 4(a) [Not to Scale]

The sky-diver steps from the balloon at a height of 2000 m and accelerates downwards.
His speed is 52 m/s at a height of 500 m.
He then opens his parachute. From 400 m to ground level, he falls at constant speed.

(a) The total mass of the sky-diver and his equipment is 92 kg.
(i) Calculate, for the sky-diver.

1. The loss of gravitational potential energy in the fall from 2000 m to 500 m.
 loss of gravitational potential energy = …………………………… [2]

2. The kinetic energy at the height of 500 m.

kinetic energy = ……………………………. [2]

(ii) The kinetic energy at 500 m is not equal to the loss of gravitational potential
energy. Explain why there is a difference in the values.
…………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………….. [1]

(b) State

(i) What happens to the air resistance acting on the sky-diver during the fall from
2000 m to 500 m.
……………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(ii) The value of the air resistance during the fall from 400 m to ground.

air resistance = ………………………………………. [1]

 [Total: 7]

5. (a) Here are some statements about energy. Complete the statements using words from the
following list.
Chemical, electrical, geothermal, heat, hydroelectric, light,

movement (kinetic), position (potential), strain, tidal, wave

(i) A coal fire converts …………………………….. energy into

………………..……….. energy and …………………………… energy. [2]

(ii) When a ball falls from rest, its …………………………. Energy increases and

its ……………………………… energy decreases. [2]

(iii) The source of energy, in which hot rocks under the Earth’s surface heat water

to produce steam, is referred to as …………………………. energy. [1]

 (b) A car is moving along a straight horizontal road. The car has 1.6 MJ of kinetic energy.
The car accelerates for 20 s until the kinetic energy of the car increases to 2.5 MJ.

What is the minimum average power developed by the car engine for this acceleration?

power = …………………. [2]

[Total: 7]

6. Water is stored in a reservoir at an average vertical height of 350 m above the turbines of a
hydroelectric power station.
During a 7.0 hour period, 1.8 x 106 m3 of water flows down from the reservoir to the turbines.

(a) The density of water is 1000 kg /m3. For this 7.0 hour period, calculate

(i) The mass of water that flows from the reservoir to the turbines,

mass = ………………………… [2]

(ii) The gravitational potential energy transformed as the water flows to the turbines,

energy = ……………….. [2]

 (iii) The maximum possible average output power.

Power = ………………… [2]

(b) A hydroelectric power station generates electricity from a renewable energy source.

(i) Explain what is meant, in this context by renewable.

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(ii) State two other renewable energy sources.

1. …………………………………………………………………………………………

2. ………………………………………………………………………………………[2]

[Total: 9]
7. (a) Figure-7(a) shows a converging lens and an object OX. The focuses of the lens are labeled F.

Figure -7(a)

(i) On figure- 6(a), carefully draw two rays from X which locates the image of the object.
Draw image and label it IY.

Measure the distance from IY along the principal axis to the centre line of the lens.

distance = …………………………………………[3]

(ii) State two reasons why the image is virtual.

1. ……………………………………………………………………………………………….
 2. ………………………………………………………………………………………………..

[2]

(b) Figure-6(b) shows a ray of green light passing into, through and out of a glass prism.

Figure -7(b)
 A ray of blue light is incident on the prism on the same path as the incident ray of green light.
On Figure-6(b), draw the path of the blue light through and out of the prism. [2]
[Total: 7]

8. (a) State what is meant by total internal reflection.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]

(b) Figure-1(b) shows a ray of light from a light source in a tank containing a liquid.
 Figure – 8(a)

The ray of light strikes the surface of the liquid at an angle x.

(i) The refractive index of the liquid is 1.5. Calculate the largest value of x for which total
internal reflection can occur.

x = …………………………… [2]

(ii) The speed of light in air is 3.0 x 108 m/s. Calculate the speed of light in the liquid.

speed = ……………………………………. [2]

[Total: 6]
 III. ATP (Alternate Practical) [Total: 20 M]

1. A student determines the diameter of a marble by two methods and calculates the density of the
material from which the marble is made.
Some marbles are shown full size in figure-1(a)

Figure-1(a)
(a)

(i) On figure-1(a), measure the length D.

D = ……………………………………… cm

Using your value of D, Calculate the average diameter d1 of one marble.

d1 = …………………………………….. cm [2]

(ii) Suggest why it is more accurate, when using a ruler, to measure D for five marbles
rather than measure the diameter of a single marble.
………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(b)

(i) The student uses the top pan balance as shown in Figure-1(b) to measure the mass of
the
Five marbles. He measures the mass M0 of a beaker without the marbles and then
measures the mass M5 of the same beaker containing the marbles.

Figure – 1(b)

Record the values of M0 and M5 as shown on the top pan balance in Figure-1(b). [1]

M0 = ………………………….……. g

M5 = …………………………………g
 use these values to calculate the average mass m of one marble.

m = ……………………………… g [1]

(ii) The student pours water into a measuring cylinder.

He records the reading V1 of the water level in the measuring cylinder.

V1 = ………………26……………… cm3

The student places the five marbles into the water in the measuring cylinder as
shown in the figure-1(c)

Figure – 1(C)

Record the new reading V2 of the water level in the measuring cylinder shown
in Figure- 1(c) V2 = ………………………….cm3
[1]
(iii) Calculate a value for the average volume V of one marble. Use the values from (b)(ii)

and the equation: V = (V2-V1) / 5

V = ………………… cm3 [1]

(iv) Calculate a value for the density ρ of the material from which the marble is made.
Use your values of m from (b) (i). V from (b)(iii) and the equation. ρ = (m / V)

ρ = ……………………………… g / cm3 [1]

(c) Describe one possible source of inaccuracy in the method and suggest one improvement to
reduce its effect.

Source of inaccuracy ………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Improvement ………………………………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]

[Total: 10]
2. A student investigates the refraction of light using a semicircular transparent block. Figure-2.1
and Figure – 2.2 show his ray-trace sheet.
 Figure-2.1

(a) . On Figure-2.1, draw the normal NL through the centre of AB.

. Continue the normal so that it passes through the curved side of the block.
. Label the normal NL
. Label the point C where the NL crosses AB. [1]

(b) (i) Draw a line DC, below line PC, at an angle i = 300 to the normal and to the left
the normal. [1]

(ii) . Mark with neat crosses (X) the positions for two pins on line DC at a suitable
distance apart for this type of ray-trace experiment.
. Label the positions P1 and P2. [1]

(c) The student looks from the position of the eye shown in Figure.2.1, to observe
The images of P1 and P2 through side AB of the block.
 He adjusts his line of sight until the images of P1 and P2 appear one behind the other.
He places two pins, P3 and P4, between his eye and the block so that P3 and P4,
and the images of P1 and P2 seen through the block, appear one behind the other.
The positions of P3 and P4 are shown on figure 2.1.

(i) . Draw a line joining the positions of P3 and P4. Continue the line to AB.
. Label E, the end of the line furthest from AB. [1]
(ii) Measure the acute angle α between the line NL and the line CE. (An acute angle
is less than 900.)
α = ………………………………… [2]
(d) State one precaution that you would take in order to produce an accurate ray trace.

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(e) The student moves the transparent block to a new position on the ray-trace sheet
as shown in figure-2.2.

Figure - 2.2
 He places pin P1 and P2 on line DC in the same positions used in (b)(ii).
He observes the images of P1 and P2 through the curved side of the block.
He places pins P5 and P6 between his eye and the block so that P5, P6 and the
Images of P1 and P2 seen through the block, appear one behind the other.
He draws a line CF through the positions of P5 and P6.

(i) Measure the acute angle β between the line AB and the line CF. (An acute angle
is
less than 900.)

β = ………………………………… [1]

(ii) Calculate the angle Ɵ between line CF and the normal to line AB. Show your
working.
Ɵ = ……………………………… [1]

(f) A student suggests that angle α should be equal to angle Ɵ. State whether your results
support the suggestion and justify your answer with reference to the results.

Statement …………………………………………………………………………………..

Justification …………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]
[Total: 10]
===== THE END =====
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