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Assignment-3

The document contains an assignment for a differential equations course, consisting of three main tasks: identifying ordinary and singular points in given differential equations, solving differential equations using the power series method, and finding polynomial approximations for initial value problems. Each task includes multiple sub-problems with specific equations and conditions. Additionally, the document provides answers to the problems presented.

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Aditya Arya
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2 views

Assignment-3

The document contains an assignment for a differential equations course, consisting of three main tasks: identifying ordinary and singular points in given differential equations, solving differential equations using the power series method, and finding polynomial approximations for initial value problems. Each task includes multiple sub-problems with specific equations and conditions. Additionally, the document provides answers to the problems presented.

Uploaded by

Aditya Arya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MA2020 - Differential Equations

Assignment 3

1. Determine which points are ordinary points and which points are singular points
for the following differential equations

(a) y 00 + ex y 0 + (2x2 − 1)y = 0


x+1 cos x
(b) y 00 + y0 + 2 y = 0
(x + 2)(x − 3) x
00 0
(c) (x + 1) (2x − 1)y − 2xy + (x2 − 1)y = 0
2

2. Solve, using the power series method,

(a) y 00 + (sin x)y 0 + exp(x)y = 0 around x = 0

(b) x2 y 00 − 2xy 0 + (ln x)y = 0, y(1) = 0, y 0 (1) = 1/2


x 1
(c) y 00 + y 0
− y = 0, y(0) = 1, y 0 (0) = 1
1 − x2 1 − x2
(d) y 00 − x2 y 0 − 2xy = 0
1
(e) 4y 00 − 4y 0 + y = 0, y(2) = 0, y 0 (2) =
e
00
(f) y + xy = 0, −∞ < x < ∞

3. Find a polynomial approximation of fourth degree to the solution of the following


initial value problems

(a) (1 + 2x)y 00 − y 0 + y = 0, y(0) = 0, y 0 (0) = 1

(b) y 00 + xy 0 + (1 + x)y = 0, y(0) = −1, y 0 (0) = 0

(c) x2 y 00 + y 0 + 2y = 0, y(1) = 2, y 0 (1) = 4


1
(d) 4y 00 − 4y 0 + y = 0, y(2) = 0, y 0 (2) =
e

1
Answers
 
1 2 1 3 1 4 x3 1 4 1 5

(2a) y(x) = a0 1 − 2
x − 6
x + 12
x + · · · + a1 x − 3
− 12
x + 20
x + ··· ,x ∈ <

(2b) y = 12 (x − 1) + 21 (x − 1)2 + 16 (x − 1)3 − · · · , 0 < x < 2.

x2 x4
(2c) y(x) = 1 + x + 2
+ 24
+ · · · , −1 < x < 1.
P∞ x3m
P∞ x3m+1
(2d) y(x) = a0 m=0 3m m! + a1 m=0 1.4.7···(3m+1) for all x

(2e) y(x) = (x − 2)exp( x−4


2
)

x3 x6 x4 x7
(2f) y(x) = a0 (1 + 2.3
+ 2.3.5.6
+ · · · ) + a1 (x + 3.4
+ 3.4.6.7
+ · · · ) for all x

x2 2x3 5x4
(3a) y(x) = x + 2!
− 3!
+ 4!
.

x2 x3 3x4
(3b) y(x) = −1 + 2!
+ 3!
− 4!
.

(3c) y(x) = 2 + 4(x − 1) − 4(x − 1)2 + 38 (x − 1)3 − 2(x − 1)4 .

(3d) y(x) = 1e [(x − 2) + 12 (x − 2)2 + 18 (x − 2)3 + 1


48
(x − 2)4 ].

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