Project Synopsis PDF
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amanmahawar9657Project Synopsis PDF
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amanmahawar9657Jaipur Engineering College,Kukas
“Synopsis”
Project title:- Design and Fabrication of Motorized Multi
Purpose Machine (Drilling, Grinding, Cutting)
Group 5 Member :- AMAN MAHAWAR (Group Leader)
SAIFUL ISLAM
IMRAN KHAN
Guided By:- MR. PRASHANT KUMAR
INTRODUCTION DRILLING
Drilling is a cutting process that uses a drill bit to cut a hole of circular cross-
section in solid materials. The drill bit is usually a rotary cutting tool, often
multi-point. The bit is pressed against the work- piece and rotated at rates from
hundreds to thousands of revolutions per minute. This forces the cutting edge
against the work-piece, cutting off chips from the hole as it is drilled. A drill is a
tool fitted with a cutting tool attachment or driving tool attachment, usually a
drill bit or driver bit, used for boring holes in various materials together.
GRINDING
A grinding machine, often shortened to grinder, is any of various power of tools
used for grinding, which is a type of machining using an abrasive wheel as the
cutting tool Each grains of abrasive on the wheel`s surface cuts a small chip
from the work- piece via shear deformation.
CUTTING
In the context of machining, a cutting tool or cutter is any tool that is used to
remove material from the work-piece by means of shear deformation. Cutting
may be accomplished by single-point or multi-point tools. Single-point tools are
used in turning, shaping, planning, similar operations, and remove material by
means of one cutting edge. Milling and drilling tools are often multipoint tools.
Grinding tools are also multipoint tools. Each grain of abrasive function as a
microscopic single point cutting edge (although of high negative rake angle),
and shears a tiny chip. A drill is a tool fitted with a cutting tool attachment or
driving tool attachment, usually a drill bit or driver bit, used for drilling holes in
various materials or fastening various materials together with the use of
fasteners. The attachment is gripped by a chuck at one end of the drill and
rotated while pressed against the target material. The tip, and sometimes edges,
of the cutting tool does the work of cutting into the target material. This may be
slicing off thin shavings (twist drills or auger bits), grinding off small particles
(oil drilling), crushing and removing pieces of the work-piece (SDS masonry
drill), countersinking, counter boring, or other operations.
Drills are commonly used in woodworking, metalworking, construction and do-
it-yourself projects. Specially designed drills are also used in medicine, space
missions and other applications. Drills are available with a wide variety of
performance characteristics, such as power and capacity.
LITERATURE REVIEW
As a general-purpose machine tool that includes the functions of a milling
machine, drill press, and lathe, the multi machine can be used for many projects
important for humanitarian and economic development in developing countries:
The multi machine is an all-purpose open source machine tool that can be built
inexpensively by a semi-skilled mechanic with common hand tools, from
discarded car and truck parts, using only commonly available hand tools and no
electricity. Its size can range from being small enough to fit in a closet to one
hundred times that size. The multi machine can accurately perform all the
functions of an entire machine shop by itself.
The multi machine was first developed as a personal project by Pat Delaney,
than grew into an open source project organized via a Yahoo! group. The 2,600
member support group that has grown up around its creation is made up of
engineers, machinists, and experimenters who have proven that the machine
works. As an open-source machine tool that can be built cheaply on-site, the
Multi machine could have many uses in developing countries. The multi
machine group is currently focused on the humanitarian aspects of the multi
machine, and on promulgating the concept of the multi machine as a means to
create jobs and economic growth in developing countries.
The multi machine first became known to a wider audience as the result of the
2006 Open Source Gift Guide article on the Make Magazine website, in which
the multi machine was mentioned under the caption "Multi machine - Open
Source machine tool".
DESCRIPTION OF EQUIPMENTS BEARING
A bearing is a device to permit constrained relative motion between two parts,
typically rotation or linear movement. Bearings may be classified broadly
according to the motions they allow and according to their principle of
operation. Low friction bearings are often important for efficiency, to reduce
wear and to facilitate high speeds. Essentially, a bearing can reduce friction by
virtue of its shape, by its material, or by introducing and containing a fluid
between surfaces. By shape, gains advantage usually by using spheres or rollers.
LINEAR BEARING
A linear-motion bearing or linear slide is a designed to provide free motion in
one dimension. There are many different types of linear motion bearings and
this family of products is generally broken down into two sub-categories:
rolling- element and plane.
DRILLING TOOL
Drilling tool is a cylindrical end-cutting tool used to originate or enlarge circular
holes in solid material. Usually, drills are rotated by a drilling machine and fed
into stationary work, but on other types of machines a stationary drill may be
fed into rotating work or drill and work may rotate in opposite directions.
INDUCTION MOTOR
An induction motor (or asynchronous motor) is a type of alternating current
motor where power is supplied to the rotor by means of electromagnetic
induction. An electric motor converts electrical power to mechanical power in
its rotor (rotating part). There are several ways to supply power to the rotor. In a
DC motor this power is supplied to the armature directly from a DC source,
while in an induction motor this power is induced in the rotating device. An
induction motor is sometimes called a rotating transformer because the stator
(stationary part) is essentially the primary side of the transformer and the rotor
(rotating part) is the secondary side. The primary side's currents evoke a
magnetic field which interacts with the secondary side’s emf to produce a
resultant torque, henceforth serving the purpose of producing mechanical
energy. Induction motors are widely used, especially polyphase induction
motors, which are frequently used in industrial drives.
CONSTRUCTION
The stator consists of wound 'poles' that carry the supply current to induce a
magnetic field that penetrates the rotor. In a very simple motor, there would be a
single projecting piece of the stator (a salient pole) for each pole, with windings
around it; in fact, to optimize the distribution of the magnetic field, the windings
are distributed in many slots located around the stator, but the magnetic field
still has the same number of north-south alternations. The number of 'poles' can
vary between motor types but the poles are always in pairs (i.e. 2, 4, 6, etc.).
Induction motors are most commonly built to run on single-phase or three-phase
power, but two-phase motors also exist. In theory, two-phase and more than
three phase induction motors are possible; many single-phase motors having
two windings and requiring a capacitor can actually be viewed as two-phase
motors, since the capacitor generates a second power phase 90 degrees from the
single-phase supply and feeds it to a separate motor winding. Single-phase
power is more widely available in residential buildings, but cannot produce a
rotating field in the motor (the field merely oscillates back and forth), so single-
phase induction motors must incorporate some kind of starting mechanism to
produce a rotating field. They would, using the simplified analogy of salient
poles, have one salient pole per pole number; a four-pole motor would have four
salient poles. Three-phase motors have three salient poles per pole number, so a
four-pole motor would have twelve salient poles. This allows the motor to
produce a rotating field, allowing the motor to start with no extra equipment and
run more efficiently than a similar single-phase motor.
DRAWING FOR HAND OPERATED MULTI PURPOSE
MACHINE
WORKING PRINCIPLE
One of the bevel gear is connected with the main shaft and another one with the
drill chuck hence when the motor is rotated the drill chuck also rotates. Here the
bevel gear arrangement is used for carrying out the operations. The grinding
tool and cutting tool is powered by the main shaft. The grinding tool is attached
in the secondary shaft and from which the power is transmitted to the cutting
tool. Thus all the three operations are done in the same machine in same time.
ADVANTAGES
Less employee cost- By adding multipurpose machine to an operation, means
less employees are needed to get the job done. It also indicates less safety
issues, which leads to financial saving.
Reduction in production time -Having a machine that is automated definitely
speeds up the production time since no thinking needed by the machine; there is
better repeatability, and less human error.
APPLICATIONS
Used in small scale industries to reduce machine cost.
In such places where frequent change in operation are required.
CONCLUSION
The project has been designed to perform different task in a single machine.
Hence this project has made an impact in the field of manufacturing among the
small scale industries. It is very use full for the micro small and medium entre
pre new to have only minimum space to accommodate this machine. Also this
project will reduce the cost involve in the manufacturing of small scale
industries.
REFERENCES
[1] Heinrich Arnold1”The recent history of the machine tool industry and the
effects of technological change “University of Munich, Institute for
Innovation Research and Technology Management, November 2001.
[2] Dr. Toshimichi Moriwaki “Trends in Recent Machine Tool
Technologies” Professor Department f Mechanical Engineering Kobe
University ,NTN Technical Review No.74(2006).
[3] T. Moriwaki “Multi-functional machine tool” ,Department of Industrial
and Systems Engineering, Setsunan University, Neyagawa, Japan CIRP
Annals – Manufacturing Technology DOI:10.1016/j.cirp.2008.09.004.
Frankfurt am Main “Multi-purpose machines ensure enhanced,
1 January 2011.
