EXPERIMENT NUMBER –4
Date:
AIM: To collect data on the height of 10 male and 10 female students and test the hypothesis
that mean height of male students is significantly higher than female students
MATERIALS REQUIRED: Data on heights of 10 male and 10 female students; measuring inch tape, pen,
pencil, note book, eraser , pencil sharpener, t- table, calculator, etc.
THEORY: Hypothesis testing: In hypothesis testing, a hypothesis is made about the characteristics of a
population and the validity of this hypothesis is tested on the basis of sample of data collected
randomly. A hypothesis is an assumption or a statement about the population parameter. For example,
a researcher may hypothesize that the mean lenght of population of Labeo rohita in two different ponds
is 25 cm
For equal or unequal small sample sizes ( n ≤30) and unequal variances, the two sample t-test is used to
determine if two population means are equal. The variances of the two population is assumed to be
equal or unequal. Two sample t test for differences of means involve the independent samples or
unpaired samples. Thus when two separate sets of independent samples, which are normally and
identically distributed, are collected one from each population, we perform student’s t test to justify the
Null hypothesis. The test statistics t tst is selected for above experiment as the sample size is less than
30 and population standard deviation is unknown.
Difference of means of two samples
T = ----------------------------------------------------
Standard Errors of two means
PROCEDURE:
1) Selection of students was done randomly.
2) The height of 10 male and 10 female students were measured with inch tape.
3) Data was arranged in a tabular form.
4) Mean heights of male and female students was calculated.
5) Assumption was made that the heights of male and female students are normally distributed.
6) Null Hypothesis and Alternative hypothesis were set up.
7) The critical value of ‘t’ was noted at α/2 for df = n1 + n2 – 2, as it is a two tailed test.
8) The value of ‘t’ was calculated to justify the hypothesis at 95% significance level.
PRECAUTIONS
1) The height of a student was measure from head to toe.
2) Proper care was taken to avoid repetition of measurement of height of same individual
3) The entries of data in observation table were made properly.
4) Calculations were done accurately.
OBSERVATION TABLE
Male students Female students
Sr. No. Height Sr. No. Height
(cm) (cm)
1 160 1 151
2 176 2 160
3 169 3 152
4 186 4 161
5 175 5 160
6 163 6 164
7 177 7 157
8 180 8 152
9 170 9 165
10 175 10 158
CALCULATIONS
Mean Height of male students or X̅1 = 1730/ 10 = 173 cm
Mean Height of female students X̅2 = 1580/ 10 = 158 cm
Variance of male students or S1 2 = 57.8
Variance of female students or S2 2 = 24.8
Calculated ‘t’ = 5.28
CONCLUSION: The calculated value of ‘t’, i.e. 5.28 Is greater than the critical value of ‘t’ at 95%
significance level ,i.e 2.101, we reject the Null hypothesis and accept the Alternative hypothesis, which
suggests that male students are taller than female students. The heights of male and female students
are independent and come from different populations.
